Type Of Collocation Research Articles

The Verbal Accompaniment of Sheikh Ali Al-Tantawi

The current research investigates the verbal collocations with Al-Sheikh Ali Al-Tantawi, shows the strength’s range of the prediction of collocations or its lack, and refers to the old and modern verbal collocations as well. On looking at his book (Memories), he then collects collocations, investigates the relationship between the two adjacent words, and determines the type of collocation. There are two types of Al-Tantawi’s collocations: nominative and verbal, and each section has some types. Then, the present study has concluded with some results, which are as follows: The verbal collocations varied in terms of their predictive strength and shortness, as many strong predictive collocations have appeared, such as the Bass of the Voice, the Postman, and others, and few predictable collocations have been shown, such as Organizing Poetry, Knocking on the Door, and others. The verbal collocations were more predictable than the few predictable ones, and it seems that this is due to the style of Al-Sheikh.

FREQUENCIES AND COLLOCATIONS OF DEICTIC VERB COME AND GO

The focus of this study was to explore the frequencies and collocations analysis in Contemporary American English for the verb come and go. To conduct the study, the researchers employed quantitative and qualitative methods. Data were collected from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) and analyzed using Benson et al.'s (1986; 2010) grammatical and lexical collocation types. COCA store all tokens of academic, fiction, movies, blog, newspapers, magazine domains. All occurrences frequency of COCA was retrieved, and 300 tokens consisting of the word come and go were collected. The results showed that the word deictic go was more frequent than the word come in COCA, with a total frequency of occurrence of 55% and 45%, respectively. The type of collocation in the word go also had more variations. The word go had nine types of collocation, whereas the word come had seven types of collocations. This study gives applicable and relevant knowledge to non-native speakers of English.

ANALISIS TEKNIK PENERJEMAHAN KOLOKASI PADA NOVEL BAHASA JEPANG KOKORO KARYA NATSUME SOSEKI KE DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA

This study aims to determine the types of collocations and translation techniques used by translators in Natsume Soseki's translated novel titled Rahasia Hati, translated by Hartojo Andangdjaja. The translated novel was translated from the Japanese source text (ST) of the novel titled Kokoro. Language differences are a challenge for translators in translating. Likewise, phrases, one of which is a collocation phrase. Because all language's collocations are unique, translating them into their equivalents is extremely important. The approach taken to achieve this goal is with a qualitative descriptive method. Data obtained using documentation. Collocations are sought in ST's novel, Kokoro, based on Newmark's theory (1988). After collocations are found, the data is reduced or classified according to the theory. After being classified, the TSu collocation sample of the novel was analyzed by comparing it with its translated novel, Rahasia Hati, based on the theory of Molina and Albir (2002) to find the translation technique that the novel translator used. Of the 8 data that the authors found. From the reduction results obtained 1 noun + noun collocation, 6 noun + verb collocation, and 1 adjective + noun. While the translation technique found 6 data, namely generalization, compensation, amplification, modulation, literal translation, and description. The difference in collocation between Japanese and Indonesian is one of the challenges for Indonesian translators.
 Keywords: collocation, type of collocation, technique translation.

The Analysis of Collocations Used in The Film Entitled “Rambo: Last Blood” By Adrian Grunberg

The Analysis of Collocations Use the Film Entitled "Rambo: Last Blood" by Adrian Grunberg."Collocation is a combination of words in a language that occurs very often and more often than by chance. This study aimed to discover the types of collocations used in the film "Rambo: Last Blood" by Adrian Grunberg. Moreover, to find out the dominant type of Collocation in the Collocation of the film entitled: "Rambo: Last Blood" by Adrian Grunberg. This study used a qualitative descriptive method to analyze data, a collocation in the film's subtitle. The data source in this study is the subtitled transcript of the film “Rambo: Last Blood "by Adrian Grunberg, which was taken from the translation of the Netflix application. The data in this study are English collocations in the film subtitle "Rambo: Last Blood” and its translation into Indonesian in phrases. The result shows that the maximum percentage is 70% and the minimum percentage is 30%. It can be concluded that the dominant type of collocation results in the Collocation of the film entitled: "Rambo: Last Blood" by Adrian Grunberg is Lexical Collocation with a presentation result of 70%. So the dominant Collocation that was used in the film "Rambo: Last Blood" by Adrian Grunberg is Lexical Collocation (70%) because it showed a significant presence.

An Error Analysis of Prepositional of Collocation in Thesis of English Education Department IAIN Bukittinggi

This study is a quantitative descriptive study aimed at describing the types of prepositional collocations found in 30 samples along with their frequency of occurrence. The sample for this study was taken by collecting 294 theses for alumni majoring in English and then 30 theses were taken randomly. The results showed that the type of collocation presented was grammatical collocation in prepositions. The grammatical types of prepositions are adjective total is 2658. The most frequent collocations are collocations with 238 (8.95%) The total collocation error in the preposition is 1,32%. Based on the research result, the researcher found that there are 3 types of collocation error in preposition. The first types are ommision, the second types are addition and the last types are missinformation, the researcher did not find the missordering types for collocation error in preposition.

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY COMPETENCE BY CONSTRUCTING GRAMMATICAL AND LEXICAL COLLOCATION AT GR STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY COMPETENCE BY CONSTRUCTING GRAMMATICAL AND LEXICAL COLLOCATION AT GRADE XI IN WELLINGTON INTELLIGENCE SCHOOL

This study aims to: (1) find out whether collocation improves students' vocabulary competence (2) find the type of collocation that is most developed in students' vocabulary competence. This research combined qualitative data and quantitative data, where quantitative data was used to support qualitative data. The subject in this research were high school students of grade XI Wellington Intelligence School. The number of students was 39 students consisting of two classes (22 students in science class and 17 students in social class). The instruments used consist of interviews, observations, documents, and tests. This study adopted descriptive statistics to describe the main features of the data set. The average score of each test, including pre-test and post-test, were used to analyze the data. The results showed that collocation can improve students' vocabulary competence. The students' initial average was 70 for science students and 68.23 for social students. While the final average value showed an increase in the value of 82.72 for science students and 80.58 for social studies students. There were more student errors in the interpretation of lexical collocations than in the interpretation of grammatical collocations.
 Keywords: Vocabulary Competence, Building Grammar, Lexical Collocation

An Analysis of Lexical Cohesion Found in “Photograph” Song Lyrics

The aim of this study is to find out the type and function of lexical cohesion used in the lyrics of Ed Sheeran's song entitled "Photograph" based on the theory of lexical cohesion. This study uses a qualitative method that focuses on the type of lexical cohesion, especially repetition (anaphora and epistrophe repetition), the synonym, antonym, and collocation. The researcher used observation with note-taking techniques to collect data. The results of this study are found all the types of lexical cohesion in the song lyrics entitled "Photograph". In Reiteration, the writer found 16 repetitions (anaphora and epistrophe repetition), 2 synonyms, 5 antonyms, and 1 collocation. So, it can be deduced that the most lexical cohesion that appears in the song lyrics entitled "Photograph" is Repetition. The lexical cohesion that emerges in the lyrics of the song, will make it more harmonious and meaningful.

English Words and Collocations Found on Logistics Magazines: A Corpus-based Study

Delivered up-to-date news and shown authentic use, the language appeared on the digital platform is an interesting alternative in learning the English language. The present study investigates the English language written on the online logistics magazines published in Thailand by using the corpus tool called Ant-Conc to analyze the frequency of nouns, verbs, adjectives, and collocations. The findings revealed that 1) the most frequent use of nouns was cargo, 2) the word said reported to be the most use of the verb, 3) the word cargo appeared to be the most frequent use among adjectives, 4) among the type of grammatical collocation, noun+preposition was shown as the most frequently used type, whereas the most three used of grammatical collocation was cargo in, important to, and said with and 5) among the type of lexical collocation, noun+verb was reported as the most frequently used type, whereas the top three used of lexical collocation was said Mr., cargo is, and new facility. Furthermore, the present study might have implications for the ESP study and recommend the use of authentic language in the logistics business.

Descriptive gaps: The case of transitive <i>ol-</i>

Used in verb formation, ol- often denotes a transition in physical or mental state, as for instance in hasta ol- ‘to fall ill’, tedavi ol- ‘to get treatment’, and deli ol- ‘to go crazy’. These expressions are not some type of collocation, because the nouns and adjectives they are based on function as a superordinate category (hypernym); hasta ‘ill’ can be substituted by a noun denoting virtually any kind of disease or ailment, and instead of tedavi ‘treatment’ any of its hyponyms (words for which tedavi ‘treatment’ serves as an umbrella term) are actually being used with ol-. Such expressions are traditionally analysed as the result of combining a noun with ol-, a derivational process in which this verb functions as an auxiliary having little or no meaning of its own. However, there are arguments in favour of a different viewpoint, namely that there also exists a transitive verb ol- ‘to undergo’, taking definite objects. Such objects are noun phrases containing a demonstrative pronoun or a possessive suffix. The basis for the application of the latter suffix category is that the event referred to by the object is expected or implied.

A Searching for the Absolute Degree Adverbs from Various Angles : Focusing on “hao”、“hen”、“feichang”、“tai”

This article compares the degree adverbs represented by “hao”、“hen”、“feichang”、“tai”，taking the corpus as the source of the research data, this article draws the conclusion that “hao”＜“hen”＜“feichang”＜“tai” from the level of presentation. From the aspects of the collocation, overlap, and joint use of these several absolute degree adverbs, a specific discussion is carried out, and the overlapping rules and joint use rules of these several absolute degree adverbs are discussed separately. Explained from the angles of the collocation and modification of the adverbs of absolute degree, the color of the style, and the angles of “quantity” and “extent”. Finally, this article attempts to discuss the mechanism of the new type of collocation “Adv+N”, and discuss the reasons of “Adv+N” from five aspects.

ANALYSIS ON THE COLLOCATION TYPES FOUND IN NOVEL PERCY JACKSON AND THE OLYMPIANS “THE BATTLE OF LABYRINTH”

This research goal includes analyzing types of collocation in Battle of the Labyrinth, a novel by Percy Jackson & The Olympians. To decipher the type of collocation used. Scientists rely on O'Dell and McCarthy’s theory of collocations and dictionaries of collocations to find answers to the posed research questions. This study uses a qualitative research design with descriptive language. Rick Riordan is in charge of the direction. There was a sentence in Rick Riordan's film adaptation of Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Battle of the that contained collocations. These are the steps that the researchers took to analyze the data they gathered: First, the researchers used Google to find and download Battle of Labyrinth by Brandon Sanderson. Second, Read the whole novel carefully and repeatedly to find collocations. Third, Identifying all collocations for analysis in the novel. Fourth, Gathering all collocations as research data.. As in discussion in chapter two, Michael McCarty and Felicity O’Dell’s theory (2008) explain six types of collocation they are: Adjectives and Nouns, Nouns and Verbs or Verbs and Nouns, Noun + Noun, Verbs and expressions with preposition, Verbs and Adverbs, Adverbs and Adjectives the writer discusses one by one based on the data found. all O’Dell and McCarthy’s six types of collocation are found. Those six types of collocation are verb + adverb (75%), noun + noun (15%), noun + preposition (5%), verb + noun (5%), adjective + noun (0%), and adverbs+ adjective (0%). Then the verb + adverb and noun + noun are the most-used type of collocation found in Novel Percy Jackson and the Olympians “The Battle of the Labyrinth”.

Towards Improved Assessment of L2 Collocation Knowledge

ABSTRACT Multiple test tasks are available for assessing L2 collocation knowledge. However, few studies have investigated the characteristics of a variety of recognition and recall tasks of collocation simultaneously, and most research on L2 collocations has focused on verb-noun and adjective-noun collocations. This study investigates (1) the relative informativeness of different tasks for assessing L2 collocation knowledge and (2) the effect of collocation type on learners’ scores on collocation tasks. Four tasks were developed based on an extensive review of research on L2 collocations: a sentence writing task, fill-in-the-blank task, multiple-choice task, and Yes/No acceptability judgment task. Each task targeted 64 English collocations, including verb-noun, adjective-noun, adverb-adjective, and adverb-verb collocations. Four groups of adult ESL learners representing different levels of academic English literacy (n = 205) completed the tasks. An item response theory analysis showed that the sentence writing and fill-in-the-blank-tasks had similar difficulty and discriminating power, the eight-option multiple-choice task had the highest discriminating power, and the Yes/No judgment task had the lowest difficulty and discriminating power. The type of collocation did not have a significant effect on learners’ scores when collocation frequency was held constant, regardless of task and learners’ level of academic English literacy.

Comparative analysis of a specific type of lexical collocation (light verb + noun) in Croatian, Italian and English language and its use in classroom teaching of lexis

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview and the analysis of collocations, one of the most significant aspects of idiomatic use of language. A special emphasis has been put on a comparative review of the most common Light Verb Constructions consisting of light verbs (cro. lagani glagoli, ital. verbi supporto) and nouns in Croatian, English and Italian language. The aforementioned construction is chosen since it is extremely common in the early stages of language acquisition. Moreover, the aim of the conducted contrastive analysis has been to determine overlaps in order to use the examples of positive transfer in teaching lexis (English/Italian – L2), as well as to prevent negative interference such as false analogies. The research is based on the assumption that the number of completely concordant collocations taught in the early stages of foreign language acquisition is limited. Thus, prompt detection and putting emphasis on their relevance is essential. Following the discussion of the results of the contrastive analysis, the relevance of teaching collocations, i.e. presenting the most common collocations simultaneously with new vocabulary will be stressed. In accordance with the above­mentioned, we believe that collocational approach is the most useful and effective in teaching languages.

THE COLLOCATION OF ENGLISH TEXTBOOK FOR GRADE X IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

The aims of this study are to find out the types of collocation used in the English textbook for grade X students in senior high school, to find out the most dominant used of collocation, and to describe how the collocations applied in the 3 genre texts contained in the textbook. The data of this study were the collocations used in 3 genre texts, descriptive, recount, and narrative of an English textbook for tenth grade students in senior high school. After analysing the data, the researcher found 6 types of collocations used in the 3 genre text. The result showed that the textbook use 6 types of collocations (adjective + noun, verb + noun, noun + noun, verb + preposition, verb + adverb, adverb + adjective), and the most dominant collocation used was the adjective + noun type of collocation. The use of collocation in the narrative text was the biggest percentage of (38%), followed by the recount text of (35%) and the last was the descriptive text of (27%).Keywords: Collocation, Types of collocations, Genre Text, English Textbook.

How Well can Healthcare Students Use Medical Collocations at both the Recognition and Production Levels?

This study aimed at investigating healthcare students’ collocational competence at the level of recognition and production. It was an attempt to provide answers to the following five questions: (1) How well can students recognize medical collocations? (2) How well can they produce them? (3) What types of mistakes do they make in recognizing and producing collocations? (4) Which type of collocation is the most difficult? (5) What implications to teaching English to healthcare students may this study have? Data were culled from a sample of 100 students through specially designed questionnaires for both recognition and production. It was found that the subjects’ collocational competence was below expectations. Therefore, it was recommended that medical collocations be accorded systematic treatment in the process of teaching English to healthcare students..

Las colocaciones «sustantivo + de + sustantivo» y su ubicación en el lexicón mental de una muestra de hablantes de E/LE

Las colocaciones «sustantivo + de + sustantivo» representan un patrón muy productivo en español; sin embargo, suelen ocupar un lugar marginal en la enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera (E/LE) debido a su específica naturaleza referencial. De hecho, se usan tanto para cuantificar porciones de un todo (diente de ajo) como para designar conjuntos de entidades animadas o inanimadas que pertenecen a una misma categoría (bandada de aves, racimo de uvas). Por tanto, en este artículo nos proponemos ofrecer un análisis sintáctico y semántico de este tipo de colocaciones y averiguar qué conocimiento tiene de ellas una muestra de 15 hablantes de E/LE de niveles intermedios y avanzados.

KOLOKASI BERKONTRUKSI “NOMINA + VERBA” DALAM BAHASA JEPANG PADA MINNA NO NIHONGO SHOKYUU DAN NIHONGO CHUUKYUU

This research is motivated by the existence of problems in language, because each language has their own habits to join the words with certain words. This habit is called collocation. The focuss in this study, is the use of collocation with the construction of "Nomina + Verba" and its role in Japanese in Minna no Nihongo Shokyuu and Nihongo Chuukyuu. Collocation with verb types is considered as the focus in this study, because verbs are 'lives' in a sentence. The results of this study indicate that the construction of nouns + verbs on Nihongo Shokyuu and Nihongo Chuukyuu are 4 constructions: (a) Noun + wo + Verba there are 3 roles of syntax, namely Objective, Locative and role of Time, (b) Noun + ni + Verb role found are Objective, Locative, Time, Opposition, Direction, Giver, Receiver and Results role roles, c) Noun + ga + role verbs which are objective-patient roles. This is because the construction that meets Nomina + Verba requirements is only in the patient role. Then the last one is construction (d) Nominal + de + Verba with 4 synthetic roles, Locative’s role, Time, Instrument and cause / reason. The type of collocation studied is limited collocation, fixed collocation and idiom.

THE INVESTIGATION OF PRODUCTIVE AND RECEPTIVE COMPETENCE IN V+N AND ADJ+N COLLOCATIONS AMONG INDONESIAN EFL LEARNERS

The important role of collocation in learners’ language proficiency has been acknowledged widely. In Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), collocation is known as one prominent member of the super-ordinate lexical cohesion, which contributes significantly to the textual coherence, together with grammatical cohesion and structural cohesion (Halliday & Hasan, 1985). Collocation is also viewed as the hallmark of truly advanced English learners since the higher the learners’ proficiency is, the more they tend to use collocation (Bazzaz & Samad, 2011; Hsu, 2007; Zhang, 1993). Further, knowledge of collocation is regarded as part of the native speakers’ communicative competence (Bazzaz & Samad, 2011); and lack of the knowledge is the most important sign of foreignness among foreign language learners (McArthur, 1992; McCarthy, 1990). Taking the importance of collocation into account, this study is aimed to shed light on Indonesian EFL learners’ levels of collocational competence. In the study, the collocational competence is restricted to v+n and adj+n of collocation but broken down into productive and receptive competence, about which little work has been done (Henriksen, 2013). For this purpose, 49 second-year students of an English department in a state polytechnic were chosen as the subjects. Two sets of tests (filling in the blanks and multiple-choice) were administered to obtain the data of the subjects’ levels of productive and receptive competence and to gain information of which type was more problematic for the learners. The test instruments were designed by referring to Brashi’s (2006) test model, and Koya’s (2003). In the analysis of the data, interpretive-qualitative method was used primarily to obtain broad explanatory information. The data analysis showed that the scores of productive competence were lower than those of receptive competence in both v+n and adj+n collocation. The analysis also revealed that the scores of productive and receptive competence in v+n collocation were higher than those of productive and receptive competence in adj+n collocation. The finding comes as a surprise since it turns out adj+n collocation is more problematic than v+n collocation both productively and receptively. Much research, by contrast, has reported that mistakes in v+n collocation are typical (Al-Zahrani, 1998; Nesselhauf, 2003; Liu, 1999; Sun, 2004). A conclusion has even been drawn that “v+n collocation is more difficult than adj+n collocation” (Kuo, 2009, p. 148). Though more studies are needed to support its finding, this research suggests the type of collocation deserve to get more attention from researchers.

Numerical approximation of oscillatory integrals of the linear ship wave theory

Green's function of the problem describing steady forward motion of bodies in an open ocean in the framework of the linear surface wave theory (the function is often referred to as Kelvin's wave source potential) is considered. Methods for numerical evaluation of the so-called ‘single integral’ (or, in other words, ‘wavelike’) term, dominating in the representation of Green's function in the far field, are developed. The difficulty in the numerical evaluation is due to integration over infinite interval of the function containing two differently oscillating factors and the presence of stationary points. This work suggests two methods to approximate the integral. First of them is based on the idea put forward by D. Levin in 1982 — evaluation of the integral is converted to finding a particular slowly oscillating solution of an ordinary differential equation. To overcome well-known numerical instability of Levin's collocation method, an alternative type of collocation is used; it is based on a barycentric Lagrange interpolation with a clustered set of nodes. The second method for evaluation of the wavelike term involves application of the steepest descent method and Clenshaw–Curtis quadrature. The methods are numerically tested and compared.

A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF COLLOCATION IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK FOR GRADE X IN THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

This study aims to analyze the use of collocation in English Textbook forGrade X in The Senior High School. The objective of this study was to identify thetypes of collocation which used in the textbook and how it was used in the Englishtextbook. The source of the data was English Textbook for Grade X in The SeniorHigh School from Book of Matters Centre of Ministry of Education. The data werecollected after read whole textbook. The data took from ll genre in reading text. In thetextbook, there were 5 genre of reading text. They were Narrative, Recount,Descriptive, Procedure and News Item. The results of this study were 6 types ofcollocation which used in the etxtbook. They were Adjective and Nouns, Verbs andNouns, Noun + noun, Verbs and expression of preposition, Verbs and adverbs,Adverbs and adjectives. The most dominant type of collocation was Verb and Nounscollocation.