Types Of Clients Research Articles

Gallego Herández, D. (ed.). 2015. Current Approaches to Business and Institutional Translation. Bern: Peter Lang.

La obra Current Approaches to Business and Institutional Translation, editada por Daniel Gallego-Hernández, supone un compendio novedoso de las principales aportaciones del congreso sobre traducción económica, comercial, financiera e institucional celebrado en la Universidad de Alicante en mayo de 2014. La obra resulta de interés para traductores que estén iniciándose en estos ámbitos de especialidad, traductores con experiencia, docentes e investigadores, pues aporta información práctica sobre cuestiones terminológicas que pueden resultar difíciles de abordar, consejos prácticos para conseguir un mayor nivel de especialización y con distintos tipos de clientes (entidades financieras, instituciones públicas, organismos internacionales), y metodologías de investigación y de trabajo que se pueden adoptar para futuros estudios.

Cost savings impact of a pharmacist-initiated teleservice program for Medicare Part D reviews

ObjectivesTo (a) determine potential cost savings of a pharmacy outreach teleservice program conducting Medicare Part D plan reviews for a large population of beneficiaries allowing for comparison of multiple preferences; and (b) explore client demographic comparisons, plan features, and stratification by cost and number of medications. MethodsRetrospective cohort evaluation of a Medicare D review service during open enrollment period (October 15 to December 7, 2012). Reviews were conducted at a university-based pharmacy outreach program in Massachusetts and completed by pharmacists (17%), case managers (52%), and students (31%). Recommendations were created by entering medication regimens into the Medicare.gov plan finder, and factors including deductible, premium, and copayment or coinsurance, formulary restrictions, secondary assistance, and annual cost were considered. A comparison of the overall cost of the client’s 2012 plan in 2013 with that of a lower-cost plan in the 2013 benefit year determined potential cost savings. ResultsDemographic data were available for 1062 individuals, with the majority being women (66%), an overall mean age of 73 years, and most living in a single household. Clients (75%) were taking 5 or more medications. Lower-cost plans were recommended for 61% of clients with a median cost savings valued at $538 per member, per year. Cost was the leading consideration for plan change (87.4%), followed by deductible (32.7%) and premium (30.1%). Cost savings were analyzed by evaluating current plan versus alternate plan by sex, age, client type (repeat vs. referred vs. new), and according to number of medications. Lower-cost plans were identified for 75% of new members. Individuals taking 0-14 medications had a cost savings of approximately $833 per client per year. ConclusionTeleservice pharmacy outreach programs create value by identifying therapeutically comparable alternative plans and reducing plan spending while efficiently consulting for a large number of Medicare Part D beneficiaries statewide.

Understanding the present, re-visioning the future: An initial mapping of music therapists in the United Kingdom

Music therapy is a small, but evolving profession. Numbers of music therapists are increasing, yet little is known regarding the workforce and its employment characteristics. To understand the current profile of the music therapy workforce in the United Kingdom (UK), the British Association for Music Therapy (BAMT) commissioned a national survey of its membership. This survey explores the profile of the UK music therapy workforce in terms of demographics, training and employment characteristics. An online survey was circulated to all BAMT members. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis of open-ended responses. A total of 374 therapists responded (44% response rate). Following demographic information (including age, nationality and training background), we focus on employment characteristics such as income, types of work, settings, clients and age groups. Supervision and clinical fees are considered as well as commissioning and funding of self-employed and employed music therapy work. As an initial mapping of the current UK workforce, this study offers a pragmatic platform to consider development and strategic priorities and thus to re-vision the future of music therapy in the country. Potential implications for the international music therapy community are also discussed.

Mediating cultural encounters at sea: dining in the modern cruise industry

ABSTRACTBefore the mid-twentieth century, cruises were largely the preserve of elites. However by 1970 there was a dramatic shift toward a predominantly middle-class customer base; this change generated a need to revamp menus to satisfy the tastes of a new type of client. The mass-market cruise lines that dominate the modern era of cruising – from 1970 – increasingly offered passengers cuisine marketed as exotic – in ways that evoked ethnic or geographic ‘Others’. Companies used food as a way of mediating encounters between passengers and foreign cultures. Marketing plays a key role in determining the place of a dish in the familiar/exotic binary. In mediating cultural encounters, cruise lines demonstrate how they want passengers to conceptualise racial, social, and cultural Others. Today, cruise ships contain ethnically themed foods, spaces of consumption, and culinary service. Cruise lines offer these immersive ethnic themes to tourists on platforms that are constantly mobile, resulting in a fundamentally unique business model. In performing this combination, companies encourage tourists to immerse themselves in as many different cultures as possible, though in expedited ways that are inherently and intensely mediated.

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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: This study describes the design, operation, and evaluation of a community-based research (CBR) consult service within the setting of a Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) institution. To our knowledge, there are no published evaluations of a CBR consult service at a CTSA hub. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A CBR consult service was created to support faculty, healthcare providers/research coordinators, trainees, community-based organizations, and community members. A framework was developed to assess the stages of client engagement and to foster clear articulation of client needs and challenges. A developmental evaluation system was integrated with the framework to track progress, store documents, continuously improve the consult service, and assess research outcomes. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: This framework provides information on client numbers, types, services used, and successful outreach methods. Tracking progress reveals reasons that prevent clients from completing projects and facilitates learning outcomes relevant to clients and funding agencies. Clients benefit from the expert knowledge, community connections, and project guidance provided by the consult service team, increasing the likelihood of study completion and achieving research outcomes. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Our evaluation suggests that clients benefit by (1) gaining the collective knowledge of the experts comprising the team, (2) learning the process of doing CBR, including the required steps to reach completion, and (3) gaining a project management mentality promoting translational research outcomes. This study offers a framework by which CTSA institutions can expand their capacity to conduct and evaluate CBR while addressing challenges that inhibit community engagement.

Serving Distressed Individuals: Balancing Advisory and Service Delivery Efforts in Nonprofits

Many non-profit organizations (NPOs) serve distressed individuals who seek relief from hardships such as domestic abuse or homelessness. These NPOs aim to maximize social impact by allocating their limited amount of resources to various activities. However, they face a complex task because their clients are often unable to articulate their specific needs. As a result, NPOs are driven to not only offer a variety of services to fulfill different needs, but also engage in advisory activities to minimize mismatches between services clients receive and their true needs. We develop a model to study an NPO’s service portfolio and effort allocation decisions under resource constraint. Clients’ progress from distress to resolution is stochastic and depends on the NPO’s efforts in different stages of the service offering. We show that it is optimal for resource-constrained NPOs to offer fewer services and invest more in advisory activities when different types of clients are not evenly mixed in the population, when delays in achieving resolution can significantly blunt the social impact created, when the loss of impact due to not serving a fraction of clients is low, or when there is a limited amount of earmarked funds. Otherwise, it is optimal for NPOs to diversify their service offerings and invest less in advisory activities. Many NPOs are drawn to maximize the number of clients they serve by increasing the number of services they offer. However, we show that, depending on the characteristics of clients and services, NPOs might be able to generate higher social impact by prioritizing the speed of resolution rather than focusing on the number of clients who achieve resolution. We also present a practical application of our model in the context of domestic abuse.

Spillovers in Common Audit Markets

We find that Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) had two significant effects on the audit market for nonpublic entities. The first short-run effect stems from inelastic labor supply coupled with an audit demand shock from public companies. As a result, private companies reduced their use of attested financial reports in bank financing by 12%, and audit fee increases for nonprofit organizations (NPOs) more than doubled. The second long-run effect was a transformation in the audit supply structure. After SOX, NPOs were less likely to match with auditors most exposed to public companies, while auditors increasingly specialized their offices based on client type. Audit market concentration for NPOs dropped by more than half within five years of SOX and remained at this level through the end of our sample in 2013, while the number of suppliers increased by 26%. Our results demonstrate how regulation directed at public firms generates economically important spillovers for nonpublic entities.

Hybrid Strategies to Cope with Commodification Pressure on Professions: A Study of Two SG Law Firms

Research has indicated that many organizations are located at complex boundary zones which are guided by differing institutional logics. As varied institutional logics overlap, there may be strains on organizations which are trapped within shared boundaries. To reduce the strain, organizations tend to resort to hybrid strategies of action. This paper is aimed at identifying hybrid strategies that legal firms, in particular, use to tackle this strain resulting from the changing nature of work as a result of economic globalization. Based on a comparative study of two law firms in Singapore, we find that a domination strategy versus a distinction strategy is adopted by the two law firms in question. We argue that firm response depends particularly on the type of clients served by a law firm, which is related to the firm size and reputation of the law firm. Drawing on these findings, we argue that external pressures do not affect all organizations equally, because logics are filtered by particular organizational attributes. Our research contributes to the literature on institutional logics, and leads to a more nuanced understanding of the factors that would affect the kinds of hybrid strategies which professional service firms choose.

Shadow banking regime: assessment of investment funds

PurposeTo explain the shadow banking regime that will be enforced in the European Union by local regulators starting in January 2017.Design/methodology/approachRecognising the regulatory-induced difficulties in the process of identifying certain types of clients (investment funds) as shadow banking entities, this article provides a decision tree for the shadow banking classification process in order to aid the impacted institutions with the assessment of their clients. With this in mind, the article advises the impacted institutions on the specific steps that should be taken when assessing investment funds for shadow banking flags. Furthermore, the article provides insights into the information required to conduct the shadow banking classification process.FindingsThe regime requires the impacted institutions to assess their clients for shadow banking flags in order to impose limits on credit lines to clients classified as shadow banking entities. The US regulatory jurisdiction will be impacted over a longer term.Originality/valueThe recommendations in this article will be especially useful for investment funds to ensure that the relevant information is clearly stated in their prospectuses in order to avoid being classified as shadow banking entities.

THE LOYALITY OF ENTERPRISE CUSTOMERS OF WHOLESALE AGRICULTURAL MARKET

The aim of the publication is to review issues related to the features of forming the loyalty of customer enterprises of wholesale agricultural market. The specifics of the activity of these companies was caused by the presence on the one side different by share in the market, the volumes of offered of food commodities, potential production potentialities and market opportunities, and on the other side - the presence of a large set of different buyers distinguishing by many features. This and peculiarities of food commodities and the problems of formation of the information base requires the use of non-traditional indicators to assess customer loyalty. The connection of loyalty of clients with their satisfaction has been considered.The loyalty levels of different types of clients and the determinants of their behavior was found in the empirical part of the elaboration on the basis of the research using a survey among 99 sellers and 300 buyers of the largest Ukrainian agricultural market "Shuvar". The operating customer loyalty programs and the possibility the improvement of it (expansion) have been presented.

Semantic and syntactic interoperability in online processing of big Earth observation data

ABSTRACTThe challenge of enabling syntactic and semantic interoperability for comprehensive and reproducible online processing of big Earth observation (EO) data is still unsolved. Supporting both types of interoperability is one of the requirements to efficiently extract valuable information from the large amount of available multi-temporal gridded data sets. The proposed system wraps world models, (semantic interoperability) into OGC Web Processing Services (syntactic interoperability) for semantic online analyses. World models describe spatio-temporal entities and their relationships in a formal way. The proposed system serves as enabler for (1) technical interoperability using a standardised interface to be used by all types of clients and (2) allowing experts from different domains to develop complex analyses together as collaborative effort. Users are connecting the world models online to the data, which are maintained in a centralised storage as 3D spatio-temporal data cubes. It allows also non-experts to extract valuable information from EO data because data management, low-level interactions or specific software issues can be ignored. We discuss the concept of the proposed system, provide a technical implementation example and describe three use cases for extracting changes from EO images and demonstrate the usability also for non-EO, gridded, multi-temporal data sets (CORINE land cover).

Expanding the Types of Clients Receiving Sex Therapy and Sexual Health Services

ABSTRACTThe provision of sex therapy primarily occurs for middle-class couples by middle-class clinicians. This conceptual/clinical article advocates for sex therapy approaches that better meet the needs of individuals and couples within a broader socioeconomic range, and includes two case studies as examples. Every couple, regardless of socioeconomic status, deserves first-class sex therapy that helps establish a satisfying, secure, and sexual relationship from an empathic, respectful clinician who remains sensitive to specific vulnerabilities and challenges related to economic and social class factors.

Who Is “Misleading” Whom in Real Estate Transactions?

AbstractThe observation that real estate agents sell their clients' homes cheaper and faster than their own homes has been well identified in the literature and interpreted as evidence of an agency problem originated from information asymmetry. This article studies whether this well‐known result holds true for all types of agents and clients, and whether information asymmetry is the full story. By using the Multiple Listing Service (MLS) data from Indiana, we find that, after controlling for observables, mainly homes owned by institutional clients are sold cheaper and faster than agent‐owned homes, and the differences are mainly driven by less and moderately experienced agents. Besides information asymmetry, we also find evidence of motivation heterogeneity—institutions themselves are very motivated to sell, and therefore are willing to sell cheaper in order to sell faster.

What Lies Beneath: Trauma Events, PTSD, and Alcohol Misuse in Driving Under the Influence Program Clients

The prevention and reduction of alcohol misuse is one of the Grand Challenges of Social Work. Addressing client needs beyond alcohol misuse can improve client outcomes. Driving under the influence program clients (N = 1,248) were screened for trauma events and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Results found that males more often reported having been assaulted with a weapon or that they caused injury to someone else. Females more often reported sexual assault and other unwanted sexual experience. About 26% overall screened positive for PTSD. Social workers need to be alert to various types of trauma and help clients identify the connection between trauma and alcohol misuse.

Pymes como modelo económico en la creación de estrategias de comunicación

En la actualidad, el mercado se encuentra sobresaturado por la diversidad de ofertas y empresas. La imagen corporativa es de vital importancia y un elemento fundamental para el correcto posicionamiento de una marca, más aún en el ámbito de las PYMES (Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas). La imagen corporativa es la manera cómo los clientes perciben una empresa, lo que define el éxito o fracaso de la misma. La creación de esta imagen corporativa debe ser uno de los primeros pasos que debe seguir un empresario al organizar o emprender un negocio de comercialización de productos o servicios, siendo una forma de manifestar firmemente la marca. Asimismo, la imagen corporativa se constituye como la oportunidad que tiene toda empresa de diferenciarse frente a su competencia y transmitir a los consumidores valores fundamentales como la confianza que se forja en la relación empresa-cliente. Los consumidores relacionan grandes cadenas sumamente posicionadas con el profesionalismo, seriedad y tranquilidad. Por esta razón para las PYMES es un reto lograr posicionarse dentro de un mercado tan competitivo. Poco a poco estas empresas construyen una identidad corporativa sólida y coherente, lo cual logra conseguir que se posicionen un poco más en la mente del consumidor. De la imagen corporativa depende el tipo de clientes que se logra captar y por supuesto la primera impresión que dará la empresa, algo esencial si quieren diferenciarse y destacar sobre la competencia.

Schuldhulpverlening: Knelpunten en dilemma’s van coördinatoren die vrijwilligers aansturen

Schuldhulpverlening: Knelpunten en dilemma’s van coördinatoren die vrijwilligers aansturen

The association between client type and condom use with steady and unsteady partners among persons seeking HIV testing and counseling services in Kenya.

Approximately 70% of global HIV infections are located in sub-Saharan Africa, and the prevalence of HIV infection in Kenya remains high. This study examined the association between client type (general population, commercial sex worker [CSW], or truck driver) and consistent condom use with steady and unsteady partners. Self-reported data included in the Kenyan Ministry of Health 2010-2011 National HIV Testing and Counseling Registry were used (n=11,567). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained using logistic regression. After adjustment, CSWs and truck drivers had decreased odds of consistent condom use with steady partners compared to the general population (OR=0.52; 95% CI: 0.41-0.67 and OR=0.29; 95% CI: 0.13-0.63; respectively). CSWs had 1.95 times the odds of consistent condom use (95% CI: 1.58-2.42) and truck drivers had 0.64 times the odds of consistent condom use with unsteady partners (95% CI: 0.45-0.91) compared to the general population. Although CSWs consistently use condoms with their unsteady partners, truck drivers do not consistently use condoms with any partners. Future HIV prevention efforts should target CSWs and truck drivers to increase consistent condom use with all partners. Such efforts may decrease the prevalence of HIV in Kenya.

Duty-free shops: Are luxury brands being democratized?

Purpose: the purpose of this paper is to explore how the brands can take advantages of airport and duty free area, in particular for luxury products in duty free area and how the airport atmosphere impacts on shopping experiences.Design/methodology/approach: the paper uses data from a survey analysis to identify the associations between the brands and the duty free point of sales. 200 respondents have been asked about their attitude about fashion and luxury in a duty free area.Findings: The findings of the paper show that some of the brands do not keep the same image in a duty free area as the one they have in an iconic shop, but most of them do. The findings of the paper also show that most of the clients are willing to buy in duty free because they think it is cheaper, which means that we don’t have the same type of clients in a duty free area and in a shop, the atmosphere of the duty free area directly influences the purchase of the consumers.Practical implications: The indication is that there are opportunities for luxury brands managers to rise the level of the image they give in a duty free area in order by using some communication strategies referring to the country the airport is located in particular when this is an exotic destination.Originality/value: Although duty free area and luxury has been studied from various perspective. No research was done on the relationship between both of them and the stake for the luxury brands to be present in airports.

Enhancing multicultural counselling competencies and services

An increasingly diverse USA society challenges mental health professionals to provide culturally sensitive counselling to clients whose backgrounds are different from those of the service providers. Based on reviews of the current multicultural counselling competency standard, the purpose of this article is twofold: (a) to propose a strengthened standard - Enhanced Multicultural Counselling Competencies and (b) to infuse Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory into cross-cultural counselling services. The recommended counsellor competencies and the contextually based services aim to empower practitioners who serve various types of cross-cultural clients. Particularly, Chinese international students in the USA higher education are used as sample clientele because they account for the largest group among the rapidly growing number of international students. International students have greater vulnerability and counselling needs than domestic students and cultural groups. The article also provides a case example to illustrate the application of the recommended practices and implications for future research.

A new type of negative customers

The possibility of removing a customer before being served is one that is often absent in the theory of waiting queues. This reminds us of the concept of negative customer, which was set forth by three leading scientists: Gelenbe, Boucherie-van Dijk and Henderson. Negative customers are likely to eliminate positive ones and make them disappear. They cannot build up in the queue, and are simply lost if they arrive to an empty queue (Gelenbe, 1991; Gelenbe et al., 1991). In other contributions (Boucherie and van Dijk, 1994), we find a type of negative customers that can build up in the queue, as opposed to Gelenbe negative customers. We introduce a new type of negative client, having the same properties mentioned above, but characterised by the fact that they may remove one or more regular clients, and leave the system after being server as a regular customer. We study the existence of stationary distribution, the intensity of transition, along with the quasi-reversibility of this new type of negative customer.