Types Of Berries Research Articles

Development of a pumpless acoustofluidic device for rapid food pathogen detection

Mixing, homogenization, separation, and filtration are crucial processes in miniaturized analytical systems employed for in-vitro biological, environmental, and food analysis. However, in microfluidic systems achieving homogenization becomes more challenging due to the laminar flow conditions, which lack the turbulent flows typically used for mixing in traditional analytical systems. Here, we introduce an acoustofluidic platform that leverages an acoustic transducer to generate microvortex streaming, enabling effective homogenizing of food samples. To reduce reliance on external equipment, tubing, and pump, which is desirable for Point-of-Need testing, our pumpless platform employs a hydrophilic yarn capable of continuous wicking for sample perfusion. Following the homogenization process, the platform incorporates an array of micropillars for filtering out large particles from the samples. Additionally, the porous structure of the yarn provides a secondary screening mechanism. The resulting system is compact, and reliable, and was successfully applied to the detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in two different types of berries using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The platform demonstrated a detection limit of 5 CFU g−1, showcasing its effectiveness in rapid and sensitive pathogen detection.

Isolation, Characterization and Docking Analysis of Lycopene from Solanum lycopersicum and Daucus carota

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a berry type fruits and red carrot (Daucus carota) is a root vegetable which have essential micronutrient for the human diet. Carotenoids, polyphenols and vitamins present in tomato and red carrot act as antioxidants, anticarcinogens, and well known to promote human health and is considered as a vital functional food. Lycopene is a main carotenoid in tomatoes and red carrot, accountable for the red color of tomatoes and carrot. Lycopene can trap singlet oxygen and reduce mutagenesis. Lycopene reveals important role in a number of chronic diseases such as cancer. The present study was aimed to characterize, compare and evaluate the lycopene content in tomatoes and carrots and determine, red carrots can be an alternative source of lycopene because fresh tomatoes have a shorter shelf life than carrot. The molecular docking is presented between lycopene and Human homooxygenase enzyme-1 (HO-1) that potentiate it as a suitable antioxidant molecule.

Anticaries properties of natural berries: systematic literature review.

Anticariogenic properties have been ascribed to polyphenolic compounds present in high concentrations in numerous fruits. Berries, in particular, have been reported as potentially having an inhibitory effect on the dental biofilm and subsequently on caries, but the evidence is unclear. The objective of this review was to explore the literature and summarize the evidence for berries having an inhibitory effect on the dental biofilm and an anticariogenic effect. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, the PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases were scanned using predefined and accessible terms, with a search strategy based on a structured PICO question. After article selection, 23 studies met the inclusion criteria, most of them being in vitro studies. A risk assessment was performed, and data were extracted and presented in a table for qualitative analysis. Meta-analyses were conducted using standardized mean differences (SMDs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) by Review manager 5.4. Only 3 types of berries were found to have a reported anticaries effect: grape seed extract (GSE), cranberry, and sour cherry. Nine studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were subjected to quantitative analysis. Meta-analyses showed GSE was associated with enhanced remineralization of dental enamel (SMD = .96 95% CI [.45, 1.46], P < .0002) and of dentin (SMD = .65 95% CI [.13, 1.17], P = .01). Cranberry extracts positively influenced the cariogenic dental biofilm by decreasing the biofilm biomass (SMD = -2.23 95% CI [-4.40, -.05], P = .04), and biovolume (SMD = -2.86 95% CI [-4.34, -1.37], P = .0002), and increasing the biofilm pH (SMD = 7.9 95% CI [3.49, 12.31], P < .0004). Within the limitations of this systematic review and metaanalysis, GSE and cranberries or their active compounds could represent an alternative for caries management. Further clinical trials are needed to verify this effect in a clinical setting. PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020223579.

Stabilization of Sunflower Oil with Biologically Active Compounds from Berries.

Sunflower oil (Helianthus annuus) contains a rich concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are susceptible to rapid oxidative processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stabilizing effect of lipophilic extracts from two types of berries, sea buckthorn and rose hips, on sunflower oil. This research included the analysis of sunflower oil oxidation products and mechanisms, including the determination of chemical changes occurring in the lipid oxidation process via LC-MS/MS using electrospray ionization in negative and positive mode. Pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, and nonanal were identified as key compounds formed during oxidation. The individual profiles of the carotenoids from sea buckthorn berries were determined using RP-HPLC. The influence of the carotenoid extraction parameters ascertained from the berries on the oxidative stability of sunflower oil was analyzed. The dynamics of the accumulation of the primary and secondary products of lipid oxidation and the variation of the carotenoid pigment content in the lipophilic extracts of sea buckthorn and rose hips during storage demonstrated good stability at 4 °C in the absence of light for 12 months. The experimental results were applied to mathematical modeling using fuzzy sets and mutual information analysis, which allowed for the prediction of the oxidation of sunflower oil.

Use of hyperspectral images and digital images in berries: Anomalies, diseases, mechanical damage, firmness, maturity and morphometry

There are different types of berries, one of the best-known, nutritious and important is the blueberry. The modern processing of these fruits guarantees high quality, better marketing of the product and an estimate of its useful life. The aim of this review was to provide scientific information on the physicochemical characteristics of different berries using hyperspectral imaging technology and digital imaging. These technologies present trends with satisfactory results in various technological and research fields. The findings obtained show that hyperspectral imaging technology and digital imaging technology have been of great interest in recent years, because they are non-destructive technologies, which allow good predictions in the detection of anomalies in berries, considering them Robust, reliable tools with high potential for use in the large industry in evaluating the quality of berries, making it possible to offer more suitable products for the consumer. With the advancement of technology, new possibilities for future studies are presented to obtain models that are faster to process and with greater statistical precision.

Morphological-anatomical and chemical features of Copernicia alba fruits and seeds, a palm from Brazilian Pantanal.

Copernicia alba (Arecaceae) is a palm tree regionally known as carandá that forms large populations and produces abundant fruits, an important food source for the local fauna in Brazilian wetlands. The fruits present morphological variations regarding color, shape and dimensions. In this study fruits of different shapes were collected and processed following routine techniques in plant morphology, and biochemistry analysis of endosperm. (hemicellulose) The fruits isdark, of the berry type, with partially fibrous pericarp, rich in phenolic compounds; the ruminated seed coat also contains phenols; the endosperm, formed of cells with highly thickened, not lignified hemicellulosic walls, stores xyloses, proteins and lipids. The embryo is short and straight. Xylose is the leading sugar of xylan, which can be liberated by hydrolysis with specific enzymes, such as xylanases. This sugar is of interest in several industrial sectors, such as the production of biofuels and xylitol for foods. Excepting depth of seed rumination, C. alba fruits do not have relevant differences in anatomy and classes of substances detected. The fruit yield showed differences associated with its shape, indicating the best utilization. Considering fruit anatomical features and tissue composition, we highlight that the seeds of C. alba have the potential as a new functional food source.

Food diversity analysis based on data of food purchasing in supermarket chain

Diversity in nutrition is of fundamental importance for health. According to research in recent decades, the diversity of the population's diet has greatly decreased, which carries health risks. The aim of the study was to analyze food diversity in population based on their purchasing activity in large trading network. Material and methods. From the depersonalized data of 1 800 319 loyalty program unique members of the retail network in Moscow, 201 904 buyers were selected according to the following criteria: the presence of a dense segment of purchases (more than 4 weeks, where there was at least 1 purchase in 2 weeks), in which the total cost of purchases was not less than 4700 rubles and at least 4 different food groups were purchased. Data from the cashier's receipts for 12 months (median 124 days) as well as the food labels for extracting the data about ingredients were used. Food diversity was analyzed by using count-base score method in which absolute number of different foods in every of 6 food groups (grains, fish and meat, fats, dairy products, vegetables, fruits and berries) was calculated. Total score as a sum of all scores from all food groups was also calculated. Results. According to the food diversity analysis, 73.9% of buyers purchased 2 or less types of grains. Only 31.4% of buyers purchased more than 4 types of vegetables, only 36.2% purchased more than 2 types of fruits and berries, 41.9% purchased less than 2 types of meat and fish, 61.3% purchased only 1 type of fat, and at least 2 types of dairy products was purchased by 53,3% of buyers. Acceptable rate of food diversity of 20 different types of food per week was achieved only in 11.4% of buyers. Conclusion. Food diversity in buyers of trading network is low, with the lowest scores in buying different grains, vegetables, fruits and berries, meat and fish as well as fats. Better diversity was demonstrated in buying dairy products, as they traditionally are accounted as healthy by consumers.

Healing properties of berry plants in Karelian folk medicine (based on field research)

Introduction. The research analyzes and systematizes the field materials of folk medicine of the Karelians collected by the authors among the Karelians living in Karelia in the 2000-ies. Materials and Methods. Field materials were collected in the places of residence of the Karelians. The research was carried out using comparative and comparative-historical methods. Results and Discussion. In the presented study, the authors turn to one of the most widespread and ancient methods of ethno-medicine which is a treatment by berries, namely the use of berries, berry plants and their components by the Karelians. This topic is relevant both from the point of view of the application of traditional medical knowledge to the treatment, and because the range of medicinal herbs reflects the ethnic identity of the people and local characteristics. The collected and reviewed materials showed that berries and parts of berry plants have a fairly wide range of applications in the medical practice of all groups of the Karelians. Such types of berries as lingonberry, cranberry, blueberry, bird cherry, viburnum, raspberry, cloudberry, strawberry, irga, wolf bast, black currant were used for medical purposes. Herbal medicine was very popular in the treatment of colds, gastrointestinal diseases, general malaise and some skin diseases in all groups of the Karelians (Livvic and Ludic). The most common methods of berry treatment, which are common throughout the territory of Karelia, were fresh cranberries and lingonberries; raspberry jam; tea with dried raspberries or cloudberry sepals; decoction of raspberry leaves and berries; lingonberry or cranberry juice. The same plant could be used to treat different diseases, but the parts of the plant and the way it was consumed could vary. Conclusion. The collected material and the research have shown that berries and parts of berry plants have a fairly wide range of applications in the medical practice of all groups of the Karelians. In general, treatment with berry plants was very popular in the treatment of colds, gastric diseases, general malaise and some skin diseases in all groups of the Karelians.

Chloroplast genome assemblies and comparative analyses of commercially important Vaccinium berry crops

Vaccinium is a large genus of shrubs that includes a handful of economically important berry crops. Given the numerous hybridizations and polyploidization events, the taxonomy of this genus has remained the subject of long debate. In addition, berries and berry-based products are liable to adulteration, either fraudulent or unintentional due to misidentification of species. The availability of more genomic information could help achieve higher phylogenetic resolution for the genus, provide molecular markers for berry crops identification, and a framework for efficient genetic engineering of chloroplasts. Therefore, in this study we assembled five Vaccinium chloroplast sequences representing the economically relevant berry types: northern highbush blueberry (V. corymbosum), southern highbush blueberry (V. corymbosum hybrids), rabbiteye blueberry (V. virgatum), lowbush blueberry (V. angustifolium), and bilberry (V. myrtillus). Comparative analyses showed that the Vaccinium chloroplast genomes exhibited an overall highly conserved synteny and sequence identity among them. Polymorphic regions included the expansion/contraction of inverted repeats, gene copy number variation, simple sequence repeats, indels, and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Based on their in silico discrimination power, we suggested variants that could be developed into molecular markers for berry crops identification. Phylogenetic analysis revealed multiple origins of highbush blueberry plastomes, likely due to the hybridization events that occurred during northern and southern highbush blueberry domestication.

Ellagic acid: insight into its protective effects in age-associated disorders.

The disparity in the free radical generation and the production of antioxidants to counteract its effect is known as oxidative stress. Oxidative stress causes damage to the macromolecules such as lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and DNA and RNA. The oxidative damage to the cellular components leads to a process of aging and various age-associated disorders. The literature survey for this review was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The papers showing the studies related to aging and age-associated disorders have been selected for reviewing this paper. Ellagic acid has been used as the keyword, and more emphasis has been put on papers from the last 10years. However, some papers with significant studies prior to 10years have also been considered. Almost 250 papers have been studied for reviewing this paper, and about 135 papers have been cited. Ellagic acid (EA) is present in high quantities in pomegranate and various types of berries. It is known to possess the antioxidant potential and protects from the harmful effects of free radicals. Various studies have shown its effect to protect cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, cancer, and diabetes. The present review focuses on the protective effect of ellagic acid in age-associated disorders. The effect of EA has been studied in various chronic disorders but the scope of this review is limited to cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. All the disease aspects have not been addressed in this particular review.

Study of the chemical composition of various types of berries

Berries play an important role in antioxidant protection, prevention and treatment of diseases of the human body, so many types of berries are widely used both in food and other industries. The purpose of this article is to study the chemical composition of berries of various species growing on the territory of Kazakhstan. The article presents the results of the organoleptic evaluation of berries, in a comparative aspect, the mineral and carbohydrate composition is studied, and the antioxidant activity of various types of berries is determined. The studies used generally accepted organoleptic, chemical and analytical methods. The results of the experiments performed will be used in the development of requirements for raw materials for processing, namely, berries of Kazakhstan production during freeze-drying.

Assessment and intercomparison of ozone dry deposition schemes over two ecosystems based on Noah-MP in China

Dry deposition of ozone (O3) is a major sink of O3 in near-surface air. The uncertainties in any existing dry deposition schemes are large. In this study, we incorporate four dry deposition schemes into the Noah with multi-parameterization options model (Noah-MP) to assess the importance of choice of different dry deposition schemes on simulated dry deposition velocity of O3 (Vd(O3)) over forest and agricultural ecosystems. Our simulated Vd(O3) values from different schemes were compared with observational data. All schemes performed similarly for agricultural ecosystems (correlation coefficient of approximately 0.4). For the forest ecosystem, Ball–Berry type schemes performed better than Jarvis-type schemes, with correlation coefficients for Vd(O3) between simulations and observations being approximately 0.55 and 0.38, respectively. To further improve the efficacy of the simulation of Vd(O3), we modified two canopy stomatal resistance mechanisms. For the Jarvis stomatal resistance mechanism, the minimum stomatal resistance was modified, with a mean bias of daytime reduction of by 39.3% for the forest ecosystem and 60.9% for the agricultural ecosystem. For Ball–Berry stomatal resistance mechanism, the stomatal resistance mechanism and nitrogen-limiting scheme for photosynthesis were modified. However, the results showed no significant improvement in the Vd(O3) simulation. The results demonstrate the importance of canopy resistance parameterization over agricultural and forest ecosystems, thus making a strong case for further evaluation and model improvement of O3 dry deposition in different ecosystems.

Geographic Variability of Berry Phytochemicals with Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties.

The aim of this study was to determine the variability of several chemical compounds and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of eight types of berries harvested from two different geographical regions in the same year. The analyses were performed on bilberry, black currant, gooseberry, red currant, raspberry, sea buckthorn, strawberry and sour cherry, which were handpicked during the summer of 2019, in the same periods when they are typically harvested for consumer purposes. Total anthocyanins content (TAC), total flavonoids content (TFC), total polyphenolic compounds (TPC), determination of the Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), determination of the DPPH free radical scavenging assay (RSA), determination of nine phenolic compounds by HPLC-UV assay and antimicrobial activity were determined for undiluted hydroalcoholic extracts of all the studied berries. The results showed that the berries from Romania were richer in antioxidant compounds than the berries from Russia. The TPC content varied between 4.13–22.2 mg GAE/g d.w., TFC between 3.33–8.87 mg QE/g d.w. and TAC between 0.13–3.94 mg/g d.w. The highest variability was determined for TPC. Regarding the antioxidant activity assessed by FRAP assay, values were between 6.02–57.23 µmols TE/g d.w. and values for the RSA method between 18.44–83.81%. From the eight types of berries analyzed, bilberries and raspberries had the highest antioxidant activity considering both regions and both determination methods. Not only the type, but also the environmental and cultivation conditions in which the berries grow, can lead to variations in their chemical composition. The extracted polyphenolic compounds from the studied berries showed antibacterial properties on pathogens, such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphyloccocus aureus. The inhibitory action on Salmonella typhi and fungi Candida albicans and Aspegillus niger was absent to very low. The antimicrobial activity of the hydroalcoholic extracts was dependent on the provenance of the berries, too.

Can Yandex statistics and google trends be used to detect people's interests in berries in the Russian Far East?

Ripening berries are one of nature's important contributions to people in the Russian Far East. We examined the spatiotemporal variability of people's interests in 12 types of berries and their attributes by accessing Yandex statistics (Yandex) and Google Trends (GT) about these topics in the Russian Far East. On Yandex, time-series data for people's interests in many berries for all target regions showed clear seasonal changes, with an annual peak that occurs at the time of ripening. Interest in berries was observed in many cities and regions in the far east of Russia, where indigenous peoples and Sakha traditionally utilize berries for subsistence. The attributes of accessed terms were closely related to terms about berry varieties and edible berries, berry purchases, photographs, and recipes. These results supported the usability of Yandex and GT data to evaluate the spatiotemporal variability of people's interests in berries. Despite systematic biases, such as in the Internet environment and user characteristics as well as limitations of spatial resolution and access period, the integrated use of Yandex and GT should be developed to evaluate the spatiotemporal variability of people's interests in berries, especially in areas that are difficult to access.

The Role of Berry Consumption on Blood Pressure Regulation and Hypertension: An Overview of the Clinical Evidence.

The existence of a relationship between the consumption of dietary berries and blood pressure reduction in humans has been repeatedly hypothesized and documented by an increasing body of epidemiological and clinical evidence that has accumulated in recent years. However, results are mixed and complicated by a number of potentially confounding factors. The objective of this article is to review and summarize the available clinical evidence examining the effects of berry consumption on blood pressure regulation as well as the prevention or treatment of hypertension in humans, providing an overview of the potential contribution of distinctive berry polyphenols (anthocyanins, condensed tannins and ellagic acid), and results of dietary interventions with blueberries, bilberries, cranberries, raspberries, strawberries, chokeberries, cherries, blackcurrants and açai berries. We conclude that, while there is insufficient evidence supporting the existence of a direct blood pressure lowering effect, there is stronger evidence for specific types of berries acting indirectly to normalize blood pressure in subjects that are already hypertensive.

Dünya’da ve Ülkemizde Aronya (Aronia melanocarpa Michx Elliot) Üretimi ve Değerlendirilme Şekilleri

Cultivation and consumption of berry fruits in the world and in our country is increasing due to reasons such as different ways of evaluation, high income per unit area and health benefits. Aronia, which belongs to the Rosaceae family, is a berry type that can be easily grown in temperate climates and has a high yield per unit area. Aronia is included in healthy nutrition programs due to the antioxidants, phenols, minerals and vitamins it contains. Besides fresh consumption, aronia fruits are also used by drying, processing into products such as fruit juice, vinegar, jam, tea, marmalade.

Chemical fingerprinting of phenolic compounds in Finnish berry wines using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

Chemical fingerprinting of phenolic compounds present in Finnish berry wines was performed using a direct-infusion Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). The main aim of this study was to compare the phenolics profiles of wines produced from natural and/or cultivated berries and to demonstrate the feasibility of FT-ICR MS for a direct chemical analysis of the wine samples without chromatographic separation. First, phenolic compounds were recovered from the wine samples by solid-phase extraction (SPE), and the total phenolic content (TPC) was then determined by a Folin-Ciocalteau assay. The TPC of the original berry wines varied from 421 to 2108 mg/L, while the TPC of the extracts was 157–1525 mg/L. Over fifty phenolic compounds were tentatively identified from the wine samples by FT-ICR MS, whose concentrations highly varied depending on the types of berries used in the winemaking process.

Geometric Phase in General Relativity

We study the transport of a small wave packet in the embedding of the Stueckelberg-Horwitz-Piron relativistic quantum theory into the manifold of general relativity around the Schwarzschild solution using a semiclassical approximation. We find that the parallel transport of the momentum leads to a geometrical (Berry type) phase.

Study of the Content of Antioxidant Substances in Fruit and Vegetable Raw Materials of the Samara Region

Fruit, berry and vegetable raw materials are an irreplaceable item in human nutrition. At this stage in the development of world breeding, not only the organoleptic characteristics of plants, but also their chemical composition, come to the fore. In connection with the growing interest in the effect of antioxidants on human health, breeders are increasingly turning their attention to the study of their comparative content in fruit, berry and vegetable raw materials. The results of a study of the influence of the grade of plant raw materials on the accumulation of substances exhibiting antioxidant activity (phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids) are presented. Popular vegetables and fruits cultivated and growing wild in the Samara region were selected as objects of research. The aim of the study is to obtain new information on the influence of such factors as the type and variety of fruit, berry and vegetable raw materials on substances with antioxidant activity (phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids). In the extracts of the analyzed samples, the total content of phenolic substances was determined by the method using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, flavonoids by the method based on the formation of a flavonoid-aluminum complex. The carotene content was determined according to GOST 8756.22-80 using acetone and hexane as extractants. The results of the study showed that the type and variety of plant raw materials are factors that directly affect the accumulation of the studied substances. To a greater extent, the results obtained relate to varieties of sweet peppers, fresh food pumpkin, rose hips. Significant variation in carotene content was recorded in pumpkin samples: from 1.20 to 4.90 mg%. Among the objects of research, it is recommended to use the fruits of the wild rose as a source of phenolic substances and carotenoids for the food and pharmaceutical industries. The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment for fundamental research of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Samara State Technical University» No. 0778-2020-0005.

Grape Berry Detection and Size Measurement Based on Edge Image Processing and Geometric Morphology

Counting grape berries and measuring their size can provide accurate data for robot picking behavior decision-making, yield estimation, and quality evaluation. When grapes are picked, there is a strong uncertainty in the external environment and the shape of the grapes. Counting grape berries and measuring berry size are challenging tasks. Computer vision has made a huge breakthrough in this field. Although the detection method of grape berries based on 3D point cloud information relies on scanning equipment to estimate the number and yield of grape berries, the detection method is difficult to generalize. Grape berry detection based on 2D images is an effective method to solve this problem. However, it is difficult for traditional algorithms to accurately measure the berry size and other parameters, and there is still the problem of the low robustness of berry counting. In response to the above problems, we propose a grape berry detection method based on edge image processing and geometric morphology. The edge contour search and the corner detection algorithm are introduced to detect the concave point position of the berry edge contour extracted by the Canny algorithm to obtain the best contour segment. To correctly obtain the edge contour information of each berry and reduce the error grouping of contour segments, this paper proposes an algorithm for combining contour segments based on clustering search strategy and rotation direction determination, which realizes the correct reorganization of the segmented contour segments, to achieve an accurate calculation of the number of berries and an accurate measurement of their size. The experimental results prove that our proposed method has an average accuracy of 87.76% for the detection of the concave points of the edge contours of different types of grapes, which can achieve a good edge contour segmentation. The average accuracy of the detection of the number of grapes berries in this paper is 91.42%, which is 4.75% higher than that of the Hough transform. The average error between the measured berry size and the actual berry size is 2.30 mm, and the maximum error is 5.62 mm, which is within a reasonable range. The results prove that the method proposed in this paper is robust enough to detect different types of grape berries.