Two-wheeled Vehicles Research Articles

Design and Implementation of a Two-Wheeled Vehicle Safe Driving Evaluation System.

The delivery market in Republic of Korea has experienced significant growth, leading to a surge in motorcycle-related accidents. However, there is a lack of comprehensive data collection systems for motorcycle safety management. This study focused on designing and implementing a foundational data collection system to monitor and evaluate motorcycle driving behavior. To achieve this, eleven risky behaviors were defined, identified using image-based, GIS-based, and inertial-sensor-based methods. A motorcycle-mounted sensing device was installed to assess driving, with drivers reviewing their patterns through an app and all data monitored via a web interface. The system was applied and tested using a testbed. This study is significant as it successfully conducted foundational data collection for motorcycle safety management and designed and implemented a system for monitoring and evaluation.

Pengaruh Surfaktan Polysorbate dan Lesitin Pada Pelumas Minyak Goreng Terhadap Temperatur Mesin dan Daya

The development of the automotive world to date has grown rapidly, especially two-wheeled vehicles. Large temperature changes in lubricating oil viscosity, even if the value is too low, will reduce the lubrication of engine parts, increase friction between metals, and cause engine parts to heat up quickly. Efforts to control and overcome excessive engine heat can replace mineral-based lubricating oils with environmentally friendly and biodegradable lubricating oils. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of using a mixture of cooking oil and surfactants C64H124O26 and C42H80NO8P as engine lubricants on the power and temperature produced by motorized vehicles. The independent variables of this research are RPM variation and mixture of pure cooking oil with lecithin and polysorbate surfactant (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%). The dependent variables are engine temperature and power. The control variables of this research are testing at room temperature, 4 stroke 125CC matic vehicle, and Raw Material using Palm cooking oil. The test method uses an infrared thermo gun for temperature and Dyno test for the highest power test on the type of Cooking Oil + Polyosrbate 7.5% with an average overall power of 5.872, then for the lowest temperature on the type of Cooking Oil + Polysorbate 2.5% with an average value of 86.2ºC.

Cognitive differences in product shape evaluation between real settings and virtual reality: case study of two-wheel electric vehicles

Product shape evaluation is an important part of new product development. In the shape design stage, design schemes are often presented through visual images. The presentation of visual images causes evaluators to form different cognitive experiences and evaluation results. In recent years, virtual reality (VR) technology has been widely used in the field of industrial design, enriching the presentation forms of design scheme images. Although VR technology has shown the potential to improve evaluators’ perception and cognitive experiences in product shape design, research comparing it with traditional methods remains relatively scattered. This study used two-wheel electric vehicles as an example to examine the difference in evaluators’ cognition of product shape in VR and a real setting (RS). First, we established a semantic scale comprising seven pairs of opposite adjectives to evaluate the shape scheme. Second, we built VR and RS evaluation environments using head-mounted displays and paper renderings, respectively. The participants evaluated the vehicle shape design in alternating viewing and underwent semi-structured interviews on cognitive experience. We analyzed the experimental and interview results based on three aspects of product shape cognition. The results demonstrated that volume cognition was significantly more accurate in VR environments. Furthermore, graphic cognition, particularly regarding shape details, differed partially between environments. VR provided a better sense of immersion and more variable viewing angles than RS. Treatment cognition did not exhibit significant differences between environments, as it depended on human experience rather than visualization. These findings suggest that VR tools are more suited for shaping design evaluations early. Selecting suitable visual presentation tools based on evaluators’ cognitive characteristics at different evaluation nodes to display design schemes is a practical, economical, and efficient strategy.

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Penjualan Udang di Pasar Parit 1 Kuala Tungkal Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat

This research aims to determine the factors that influence traders' income when selling shrimp at Parit 1 Kuala Tungkal Market. This research uses a qualitative approach. Primary data was obtained from questionnaires distributed to respondents. Secondary data was obtained from data contained in Pasar Parit 1 Kuala Tungkal. Data analysis in this research uses the SWOT analysis method. The results of the research show that the internal and external factors from the resulting SWOT analysis show that shrimp sales show quadrant I, which means that the shrimp business in the Kuala Tungkal 1 trench market is very strong and has the opportunity to get maximum income, in other words the shrimp business can build the trader's economy in the long term . long. The dominant factor that influences traders' income in selling shrimp at Parit 1 Kuala Tungkal Market is a lot of capital to start a business with working hours for trading activities of 13 hours, two in the morning and in the afternoon. Apart from that, the longer it takes to run a business, the longer the business is run, the more regular customers there will be and lastly, the business location is strategic and easy to reach by both pedestrians and two-wheeled vehicles.

Pengaruh Proporsi Kendaraan Terhadap Kecepatan Arus Lalu Lintas

Transportation is the movement of people or goods from one place to another using a vehicle driven by humans or machines. Along with its development, the number of vehicles in Banda Aceh is increasing. On the Tgk Chik Ditiro road, traffic jams often occur, because there are schools, offices, many traders who trade on the shoulder of the road and the sidewalk, there are several vehicles against the flow, and vehicles parked carelessly, there are delays or movement of traffic flow especially at the hour busy. Based on observations in the field, traffic flow at busy times is dominated by two wheels and four wheels, so that it affects the speed on the Tgk Chik Ditiro road in Banda Aceh City. The purpose of this research is to find out what percentage of the effect of the proportion of vehicles on road traffic flow and to get the value of the proportion of vehicles on the road. The results obtained for the highest traffic volume were obtained on Thursday 26 September 2019 at 17.00-18.00 amounting to 6669.60 pcu / hour, the value of road capacity was 4938 pcu / hour, while the level of road service with the degree of saturation obtained was 1.35 means the Jalan Tgk. Chik Ditiro Kota Banda Aceh is included in category F, where the flow is blocked, the speed is low, the volume is above capacity, and there is a delay. The results of traffic volume for 3 (three) days obtained the maximum proportion of two-wheeled vehicles on Thursday 26 September 2019 at 08.00-09.00 WIB with a value of 48.43%. For the Maximum Proportion of four-wheeled vehicles (LV) on Thursday 26 September 2019 at 17.00-18.00 WIB with a value of 74.77%. In the research, it can be seen that the dominant light vehicle growth affects these roads.

PROBLEMS OF TWO-WHEELED VEHICLE REPAIR

PROBLEMS OF TWO-WHEELED VEHICLE REPAIR

Implementasi Peraturan Walikota Nomor 16 Tahun 2021 Tentang Tarif Retribusi Parkir di Tepi Jalan Umum

Ambon City residents, who park their vehicles at Amplaz, are subject to parking fees in accordance with Ambon Mayor Regulation Number 16 of 2021 concerning Parking Retribution Tariffs on Public Roads. Amplaz is subject to progressive parking rates, as it is a zone. So that the tariff for four-wheeled vehicles is no longer RP3000, and two-wheeled vehicles are no longer Rp2000 as in the implementation of the previous Ambon Mayor Regulation. The party who manages parking at Amplaz always urges Ambon City residents to have awareness in paying parking rates according to Ambon Mayor Regulation Number 16 of 2021 concerning Parking Retribution Tariffs on Public Roads. There are many cases when Ambon City residents pay less retribution, arguing that there is no small money and only big money. Even reluctant to pay at all. However, it is advisable to have awareness in paying parking fees. The party who manages parking at Amplaz prioritizes parking service satisfaction. This is done by providing optimal services, namely; directing vehicles in an orderly manner into and out of the parking area, protecting the vehicle from loss of goods, damage due to bumps, and theft of spare parts. Likewise, the friendly behavior of the parking employees. As a result, Ambon City residents cooperatively pay parking fees, according to Ambon Mayor Regulation Number 16 of 2021 concerning Parking Retribution Tariffs on Public Roads.

Smart charging process development based on ant colony optimization machine learning for controlling lead-acid battery charging capacity

The Indonesian government has targeted 2.1 million two-wheeled electric vehicles and 2,200 four-wheeled electric vehicles (EV) by 2025. This is hampered by limited electricity supply and EV charging, which takes long time. Multi device interleaved DC-DC bidirectional converter has been applied and assessed as the most suitable method for battery EV and plug-in hybrid EV because it produces high power >10 kW. For power below 10 kW, it is recommended to use a sinusoidal, Z-Source, and boost amplifier type converter. The smart charging (SC) system will be applied to electric vehicles, which only require a minimum charging power of around 169 W for four lead acid batteries. This paper focuses on an SC system that is capable of charging the battery quickly while still paying attention to the state of health (SoH) of the battery. The SC developed uses a DC-DC boost converter to increase the voltage produced by the switch mode power supply (SMPS). Estimated charging time is less than 30 minutes and still pay attention to the battery SoH. SC will also use pulse width modulation (PWM) as a duty power cycle regulator. This research applies a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) classifier to a neural network (NN). The results of the research show that smart charging can charge up to 600 W with an estimated charging time of around 11 minutes. The charging condition is above 60 % and the power duty cycle setting is 100 %. The power estimation results processed using the ant colony optimization (ACO) based neural network method show a root mean square deviation value of 0.010013430 for charging four lead acid batteries. These results are useful to help solve the problem of capacity requirements and battery charging speed for EVs, with good SoH

Identifying the vehicle accident models based on driving behavior factors using structural equation modeling

The increase in population is accompanied by an increase in the number of vehicles. It is inevitable that the number of vehicle accidents will also increase, which can be caused by various factors. Driver factors reviewed in this study include socioeconomic characteristics, movement characteristics, accident characteristics, and driver behavior characteristics. the purpose of this study is to study the vehicle accident model using interviews and Driving Behavior questionnaires with a total of 307 motorist respondents who have experienced accidents. Driver factors reviewed in this study include socioeconomic characteristics, movement characteristics, accident characteristics, and driver behavior characteristics using interviews and Driving Behavior questionnaires with a total of 307 motorist respondents who have experienced accidents. This investigate used SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) with SmartPLS computer software. Two-wheeled vehicle accident modeling results Y=–0.234 X1+0.153 X3+ei2; R2=0.102. The greatest influence occurs in the characteristics of driver behavior (X3), namely Ordinary Violation, and for four-wheeled vehicle accident modeling results, Y=–0.343 X1+0.284 X3+ei2; R2=0.217. The greatest influence occurs in driver behavior characteristics (X3), namely Ordinary Violation. Ordinary Violation is defined as a deliberate deviation from the rule of law. Thus, from the research results, the most influential variable was the behavior of drivers who committed ordinary violations such as ignoring speed limits, breaking through intersections, and driving under the influence of alcohol. So, there needs to be collaboration between the police and related parties in tackling accidents and reducing the risk of traffic accidents, such as long as socialization or information through newspapers or electronic media to the public in Jayapura City regarding the importance of collective awareness of driving safety

Whole body vibration and rider comfort determination of an electric two-wheeler test rig

Background Two-wheeled vehicles are the major mode of transportation in India. Such vehicles are exposed to excessive vibration on the road when compared to four-wheeled vehicles. However, the research on the reduction of whole body vibration in the case of two-wheelers is not explored in detail. The present study predicts rider comfort in the case of an electric two-wheeler as per ISO 2631-1, by obtaining the finding the weighted acceleration at the strategic locations of vibration at the test rig. Methods An electric two-wheeler test rig is used in the study. The values of acceleration from the test rig in running conditions are obtained by using NI LabVIEW 2019. The drive cycle of the electric vehicle (EV) test rig is controlled by Sync sols’ EV lab software. Obtaining the weighted root mean square (RMS) acceleration from running the test setup, it is compared with the ISO 2631-1 standard to obtain the rider comfort. Results Loading area, traction motor, base mount, and suspension were found to be the strategic points of vibration. Frequency weighted RMS acceleration of 0.3 to 0.4 m/s2 obtained at these points are prone to cause discomfort for the rider. Vehicle speed, road profile, and duration of exposure were found to be important parameters affecting the rider’s comfort. A maximum of 4.6 m/s2 amplitude was observed. The loading area, which corresponds to a rider’s seat in actual vehicle, is important and reduction of these vibrations make the ride comfortable for the rider. Suspension and base mount of the test rig are found to be uncomfortable observing the weighted RMS acceleration. Conclusions A suitable damping technique design is very much essential in reducing these vibrations and improve the rider comfort, as many more non-deterministic vibrations are prone to cause dis-comfort in case of actual on road riding conditions.

Application of the Artificial Neural Network Algorithm to Predict the Realization of the Duty Tax on the Name of Motor Vehicles in Lampung Province

Regional taxes, specifically the Motor Vehicle Name Return Tax (BBNKB), provide the primary source of revenue for regions from the several forms of taxes. The BBNKB tax is crucial in funding government and regional development due to its significant annual growth, encompassing four-wheeled and two-wheeled vehicles. Furthermore, the BBNKB tax catalyzes regional economic expansion and significantly contributes to the government's income. Hence, predicting and forecasting the BBNKB Tax in Lampung Province is necessary to monitor future tax rate fluctuations. That will enable the government to devise innovative tax payment systems and establish tax revenue targets. This study utilizes the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) methodology, using many approaches for distributing training and testing data to forecast. In addition, we utilize hyper-tuning on several factors to obtain the most favourable configurations. The ideal model achieved has a training data allocation of 80% and a testing data allocation of 20%. It was trained for 50 epochs and used a batch size of 16. The model has exceptional predictability, attaining an accuracy rating of 96.51%. Additionally, it showcases a low Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.246 and a minimal Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) score of 3.48%. Therefore, it is appropriate to predict the next two-year term. As a result, the forecast for the amount of tax collected from motor vehicle name returns in Lampung has fluctuated.

SISTEM INFORMASI PERMINTAAN PEMBELIAN BAHAN BAKU DAN ATK PADA PT MADA WIKRI TUNGGAL MENGGUNAKAN LARAVEL 9

PT Mada Wikri Tunggal is an automotive industrial company in the field of metal and plastic components that produces goods in the form of spare parts for two-wheeled (2) and four-wheeled (4) vehicles. The purchasing department at PT Mada Wikri Tunggal is responsible for the availability of goods needed by other departments according to the time required. Before carrying out the process of purchasing raw materials and stationery, the purchasing department must have a purchase request form for raw materials or stationery originating from the department concerned. In the process of purchasing raw materials and stationery, several problems were found, such as purchasing the same goods in one purchase request, and also the loss of the purchase request form which could hamper the process of purchasing raw materials or stationery. Therefore, it is necessary to design an information system application for purchasing requests for raw materials and stationery by depicting it using UML diagrams, ERD, and interface design as well as web-based integrated development using the Laravel framework and applying the waterfall method. The existence of an information system for purchasing requests for raw materials and stationery can minimize errors in purchasing raw materials and stationery in the purchasing department at PT Mada Wikri Tunggal so that there will be no duplication of the same purchase in one purchase request and it will not take a long time to send purchase orders. to suppliers.

Study of Two-wheel Vehicle’s fuel consumption under the Influence of tire Inflation Pressure

The value of air pressure in the tire not only supports the entire weight of the vehicle, it also plays a crucial role in improving the vehicle’s performance, reducing friction, providing comfort, boosting economy and enhancing safety. This study deals with the influence of tire inflation pressure on fuel consumption at various road conditions and speeds. The experimental test was performed riding a motorcycle of 180cc and using a mileage measuring kit to find the effect of tire pressure on three different road surfaces i.e., highway, earthen and graveled. The standard tire pressure for both front and rear tires recommended by the manufacturing company was also evaluated to observe the change in mileage. The results showed that the highest mileage of 55.97 km/L was obtained on the highway among the defined three road conditions and a linear drop of 5psi in tire pressure led to loss of mileage up to 6.11% in highway, 5.35% in earthen and 2.80% in graveled road. Also, the variation in speed resulted to compensation of mileage by nearly 39.9% maximum. These results highlight the importance of keeping the correct value of tire inflation pressure in relation to fuel consumption.

Pengaruh Kesadaran Pajak, Sanksi dan Program Pemutihan Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor: Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Sleman

The tax is a territorial tax that must be paid. Seriousness in fulfilling tax obligations and reporting can show the level of awareness of people who are required to pay taxes. Taxpayers must carry out their responsibilities and pay carefully and on time because Indonesia has a self-evaluation system. That is the main income tax. The two-wheeled vehicle tax has the highest influence on regional income because it is a regional tax that needs to be paid. Income level is also very important and is related to a person's compliance with the tax contributions paid. This research investigates how taxpayer awareness, sanctions, and whitening programs impact motor vehicle taxpayer compliance in Sleman Regency from 2019 to 2022, with 100 respondents. Information in the form of questionnaires is usually processed and analyzed. Considering the outcomes of the hypothesis test, demonstrates vehicle tax compliance in the Sleman region in 2019–2022 is unaffected by taxpayer awareness of sanctions and whitening programs.

Design of four-wheel steering system based on automotive electronic control technology

Abstract With the rapid development of the automobile industry, people’s requirements for automobile handling performance and driving safety are getting higher and higher. As an important automobile power system, four-wheel steering technology can improve the maneuverability, stability, and safety of vehicles by controlling the steering angles of front and rear wheels. Therefore, the design and research of the four-wheel steering system has become one of the hotspots in the field of automotive engineering. In this paper, a two-degree-of-freedom dynamics model is established, and based on the PID control strategy of joint feedback of center-of-mass lateral deflection and traverse angular velocity, the vehicle model of a four-wheeled steering vehicle is constructed by using TruckSim, and the minimum turning radius test, serpentine test, and steering wheel angle step test project are carried out. The results show that compared with the two-wheel steering vehicle, the minimum turning diameter of the four-wheel steering vehicle is reduced by 1/3, which effectively improves the maneuverability at low speeds as well as the safety and stability at high speeds, and has better transient response.

Identifying interactions among factors related to death occurred at the scene of traffic accidents: Application of “logic regression” method

AimTraffic accidents are caused by several interacting risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the interactions among risk factors associated with death at the accident scene (DATAS) as an indicator of the crash severity, for pedestrians, passengers, and drivers by adopting “Logic Regression” as a novel approach in the traffic field. MethodA case-control study was designed based on the police data from the Road Traffic Injury Registry in northwest of Iran during 2014–2016. For each of the pedestrians, passengers, and drivers’ datasets, logic regression with “logit” link function was fitted and interactions were identified using Annealing algorithm. Model selection was performed using the cross-validation and the null model randomization procedure. Resultsregarding pedestrians, “The occurrence of the accident outside a city in a situation where there was insufficient light” (OR = 6.87, P-value<0.001) and “the age over 65 years” (OR = 2.97, P-value<0.001) increased the chance of DATAS. “Accidents happening in residential inner-city areas with a light vehicle, and presence of the pedestrians in the safe zone or on the non-separate two-way road” combination lowered the chance of DATAS (OR = 0.14, P-value<0.001). For passengers, “Accidents happening in outside the city or overturn of the vehicle” combination (OR = 8.55, P-value<0.001), and “accidents happening on defective roads” (OR = 2.18, P-value<0.001) increased the odds of DATAS; When “driver was not injured or the vehicle was two-wheeled”, chance of DATAS decreased for passengers (OR = 0.25, p-value<0.001). The odds of DATAS were higher for “drivers who had a head-on accident, or drove a two-wheeler vehicle, or overturned the vehicle” (OR = 4.03, P-value<0.001). “Accident on the roads other than runway or the absence of a multi-car accident or an accident in a non-residential area” (OR = 6.04, P-value<0.001), as well “the accident which occurred outside the city or on defective roads, and the drivers were male” had a higher risk of DATAS for drivers (OR = 5.40, P-value<0.001). ConclusionBy focusing on identifying interaction effects among risk factors associated with DATAS through logic regression, this study contributes to the understanding of the complex nature of traffic accidents and the potential for reducing their occurrence rate or severity. According to the results, the simultaneous presence of some risk factors such as the quality of roads, skill of drivers, physical ability of pedestrians, and compliance with traffic rules play an important role in the severity of the accident. The revealed interactions have practical significance and can play a significant role in the problem-solving process and facilitate breaking the chain of combinations among the risk factors. Therefore, practical suggestions of this study are to control at least one of the risk factors present in each of the identified combinations in order to break the combination to reduce the severity of accidents. This may have, in turn, help the policy-makers, road users, and healthcare professionals to promote road safety through prioritizing interventions focusing on effect size of simultaneous coexistence of crash severity determinants and not just the main effects of single risk factors or their simple two-way interactions.

Intelligent Helmet System for Prevention of Accidents

Abstract: India, like, has a huge number of road accidents almost every year. The accidents may be due to like many reasons like by drinking and driving, driving like rashly, exceeding the speed limit, etc., you know. Sometimes, the person who like gets injured might not be like responsible for the Accident, you know what I mean. It might be the fault of some other vehicle rider, maybe. But overall, both riders will get like affected, kind of. Due to a lack, you know, of first aid and emergency medical services on time, the riders may like die, which is kind of sad, you know. Some deaths are occurred due to the ambulance not reaching the desired location on time, which is, like, bad, you know. In case of an accident, to save time and inform the concerned person, a system is proposed like which can made sure that the rider gets the required attention in a short time, you know. In, like, India, many people use two-wheeler vehicles as compared to four-wheeler vehicles because of its, you know, low which is kind, like, interesting, you know what I mean. In many accidents, the rider gets injured mainly on the head, kind of, you know. A helmet kind of plays a very important role in saving the life of the ridden, you know what I mean. So to encourage people to wear helmets and to avoid accidents, a design is proposed that synchronizes the, you know, module present in the bike, which is kind of cool.

Design of Two-Wheeler Hybrid Electric Vehicle using MATLAB-Simulink

Abstract: With the rising gap between the supply and demand of oil and the market monopoly of the countries with oil reserves, the world has turned its back on traditional fuels. Not to mention the everyday rising pollution. The work and advancement in electric vehicles are reaching their peak every day and new inventions are being made in this sector, just like the mega-market players and industries. A lot of research is concentrated on the four-wheelers nevertheless, two- wheelers are a major part of transportation in the world and as compared to the four-wheelers two-wheelers don’t find the same spotlight. Our project highlighted this problem and created the simulation model of a two-wheeler hybrid electric vehicle which is a series-parallel hybrid. This simulation is constructed using MATLAB-Simulink software. This is a simulation model of a two- wheeler hybrid electric vehicle which uses a DC source (Battery) as a power source accompanied by the IC Engine. This system can shift load between the battery and IC engine so that power output can be constant, and the system can run smoothly. A DCDC bidirectional chopper is used to convert power between battery and generator which increases the efficiency of the system. In a proposed system a two-wheeler is taken into consideration with an IC engine of rpm of 2000 (for reference) is taken into consideration for simulation.

Research on SimMechanics application to investigate the engine of a self-balancing two-wheeled vehicle model

Since its inception in 2001, self-balancing two-wheeled vehicles have been a topic that has been widely researched around the world. There are many different methods to maintain the balance of a two-wheeled vehicle. This article presents a study on the application of SimMechanics to investigate the engine of a self-balancing two-wheeled vehicle model. Survey results show that when the engine rotates steadily, it will not be able to create torque to help the vehicle balance. At the same time, the voltage (when the torque is largest) and speed (when the engine rotates stably) of the engine have a linear relationship.

Aspek Hukum Penggunaan Jasa Pihak Ketiga (Debt Collector) oleh Pihak Leasing Berdasarkan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor. 35 Tahun 2018 dalam Upaya Penagihan Kendaraan Roda Dua terhadap Debitur yang Melakukan Wanprestasi

The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal aspects of the use of third party services (debt collectors) by leasing parties based on Financial Services Authority Regulation No. 35/2018 in efforts to collect two-wheeled vehicles against debtors in default. 35/2018 in efforts to collect two-wheeled vehicles against debtors who make defaults The type of research in this study is normative legal research. The research in question is research that has characteristics including gaps in legal norna / principles, does not use hypotheses, uses theoretical foundations / theoretical studies and uses legal materials consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The position of debt collectors in the leasing company is as a collection officer not an execution officer, execution can only be carried out by a bailiff with a court decision as in Article 32 of the Fiduciary Guarantee Law paragraph (2). The legal relationship between debt collectors (collection service companies) and creditors, namely debt collectors when carrying out their duties, act based on the power of attorney given by the finance company to the debt collector to collect or collect collateral objects from debtors. Likewise, in POJK No.35/2018 article 50 Financing Companies can cooperate with other parties to carry out collection functions to Debtors. (2) The legal consequences of withdrawing motorized vehicles against debt collectors, debt collectors will be held criminally liable and sentenced to criminal sanctions as stipulated in the Criminal Code as criminal law in Indonesia if the implementation is not in accordance with procedures, as well as the creditor in this case leasing can be sued by the debtor and ask to compensate civilly for the act of withdrawing motorized vehicles by debt collectors if the withdrawal has violated existing provisions and violated the agreement agreed upon by the creditor and the debtor. However, if the implementation is in accordance with the procedure, it must be protected in accordance with applicable laws.