Two-port Network Analyzer Research Articles

A semi-automatic 3-port network analyzer

A semi-automatic three-port network analyzer has been developed. The three-port network analyzer consists of an automatic two-port network analyzer, a switching network for RF rerouting and a software package. The design of the three-port network analyzer is based on a new method for obtaining accurate three-port S-parameters from measured two-port parameters. This method is based on a flow-chart description of the measurements. The resulting overdetermined nonlinear equation system is solved numerically. No assumptions are made about the device under test or the terminations apart from that the latter must be known. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated by characterization of a two-way Wilkinson power divider. The three-port network analyzer has been used to characterize dual-gate MESFETs. >

Two-port network analyzer calibration using an unknown 'thru'

A procedure performed by using a genuine two-port reciprocal network instead of a standard 'thru' in a full two-port error correction of an automatic network analyzer is presented. Although it can be applied to any type of waveguide system, the proposed technique is particularly useful with noninsertable coaxial or one-wafer devices. Experimental comparisons show that the suggested procedure provides a great degree of accuracy. >

A Rigorous Technique for Measuring the Scattering Matrix of a Multiport Device with a Two-Port Network Analyzer (Comments)

In the above paper, Tippet and Speciale gave expressions for the correction to be made on the S matrix to account for the mismatches on the ports not connected to the network analyzer.

The transmission coefficient for an arbitrary waveguide system with multi-port side couplings

This paper describes some ways in which a tight coupling can be achieved between a gyrotron cavity and an external load, when the constraint is imposed on the system that the electron beam must be unable to bombard the output vacuum window. Equivalent networks are used and two-port network analysis makes it possible to examine various guide arrangements and to consider the effect of the various go-metrical factors easily and quickly. The expression for the transmission coefficient of various systems is developed in terms of the parameters of the equivalent network. Experimental comparisons between the simple theory and practical results at millimetre wavelengths are presented.

Techniques for Correcting Scattering Parameter Data of an Imperfectly Terminated Multiport When Measured with a Two-Port Network Analyzer

Two techniques are described which correct scattering parameter data taken on an N-port device measured with N-2 imperfect terrniuations and a two-port network analyzer. The first technique rises a simple iterative algorithm and may be easily implemented in software. Each iteration reduces the error due to imperfect terminations typically by one decade. The second, more complicated, technique uses a general closed-form solution which requires specially developed Gamma-R parameters of which S-, Y-, and Z-parameters are particular cases. The closed-form solution is completely valid for any termination. The closed-form solution is the limit to which the iterative solution converges. The iterative technique has been implemented in software controlling an HP 8409 automated microwave network analyzer.

Comments on "A Rigorous Techique for Measuring the Scattering Matrix of a Multiport Device with a Two-Port Network Analyzer"

The recent article by Tippet and Speciale uses the matrix formulation of the generalized scattering parameter renormalization transformation in the form.