Two-dimensional Transition Metal Carbides Research Articles

Defect-rich MoS2/CoS2 on Mo2TiC2Tx MXene as an efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic media

Electrocatalytic hydrogen production is an effective way to produce hydrogen energy, and the key is to find inexpensive and effective catalysts. Loading transition metal sulfides onto two-dimensional transition metal carbide (MXene) is an effective method to prepare cheap and high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts. In this study, Mo2TiAlC2 was etched with hydrofluoric acid to prepare Mo2TiC2Tx MXene, which was then composited with MoS2 and CoS2 to prepare defect-rich MoS2/CoS2@Mo2TiC2Tx composite by a hydrothermal method. MoS2/CoS2 provides a large number of active sites for electrocatalysis, while Mo2TiC2Tx MXene as a carrier not only provides nucleation and growth sites for MoS2/CoS2, but also increases the rate of electron transfer in HER process, which achieves good synergy between MoS2/CoS2 and Mo2TiC2Tx MXene. Consequently, MoS2/CoS2-2@Mo2TiC2Tx exhibits an excellent HER performance. When the current density reaches 10 mA cm−2, the optimal MoS2/CoS2-2@Mo2TiC2Tx catalyst only requires an overpotential of 80 mV, and exhibits good cycling stability and durability. This work gives a new idea for the preparation of efficient HER catalysts using non-precious metal composites to replace the precious Pt/C.

Effect of mixed surface terminations on the work function and quantum capacitance of Sc2CT2 monolayer

MXenes are two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides, which are promising for supercapacitor applications. The surface of MXenes is usually covered by a mixture of O, OH, and F groups during etching. The effect of mixed termination on the quantum capacitance and work function (WF) of MXenes is investigated by first principles calculation. The WFs of Sc2C(OH)2-R are smaller than those of Sc2CO2-R and Sc2CF2-R when the OH ratio is larger than about 27 %. The quantum capacitances of Sc2C MXenes with different ratio of F, O, and OH groups (named as Sc2CF2-R, Sc2CO2-R, Sc2C(OH)2-R) are explored to predict the electrode type of materials. Negative binding energies confirm the stability of the studied mixed systems. The increasing ratio of O group can make the system have decreased TDOS near Fermi level, thus decreasing quantum capacitance. The top quantum capacitance of Sc2CO2-R and Sc2C(OH)2-R systems at negative bias increase with the increasing ratio of O/OH group. All systems have larger storage charge at negative potential, and are all potential cathode materials, especially for Sc2CO2-R and Sc2CF2-R MXene with much smaller |Qa|/|Qc| than 1 and larger Cc. The quantum capacitance under wide voltage is also considered.

Ti3C2Tx/ZIF-67 hybrid nanocomposite as a highly effective adsorbent for Pb (II) removal from water: Synthesis and DFT calculations

The efficient elimination of heavy metal ions including Pb(II) from aqueous solutions, which provide serious risks for the human and environment, by various adsorbents has received much interest. Herein, Ti3C2Tx as a two-dimensional transition metal carbide (MXenes) and Ti3C2Tx/ZIF-67-belt were synthesized and employed as adsorbents for Pb(II) from contaminated water. The developed Ti3C2Tx/ZIF-67-belt hybrid nano-composite exhibited 526.3 mg.g−1 maximum capacity of adsorption for Pb(II), within only 15 min. Its excellent performance was related to the advantages of both the layered structure as well as the presence of different functional groups (Fluorine, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and hydroxyl groups). The results showed that Pb(II) adsorption equilibrium followed the Langmuir and its kinetics was based on pseudo-second-order models. The hybrid nanocomposite was simply regenerated and represented high reusability over six cycles. The features of a simple preparation method, excellent performance, regenerable, and high stability in aqueous solution provide the developed nanocomposite a promising candidate for adsorptive processes. Based on the DFT calculations, adsorption energy of Pb(II) on the MXene/ZIF-67-belt was found to be −0.8 eV as compared to + 0.3 eV for ZIF-67, confirmed that synergetic effects of MXene and ZIF-67 were in favor of Pb(II) adsorption due to the enhancement of charge transfer.

Multifunctional Ti3C2Tx MXene/Silver Nanowire Membranes with Excellent Catalytic, Antifouling, and Antibacterial Properties for Nitrophenol-Containing Water Purification.

The uncontrolled release of nitrophenol and dye pollutants into water systems is an increasingly serious worldwide concern, and thus efficient wastewater treatment technologies are urgently needed. Herein we report a novel two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and/or nitrides (Ti3C2Tx MXene) membrane modified with silver nanowires (AgNWs) by vacuum assisted filtration technology for the ultrafast nitrophenol catalysis and water purification applications. Regular and controllable membrane transport channels were constructed by stacking Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets. Furthermore, the intercalation of AgNWs into the Ti3C2Tx MXene interlayer greatly enlarged the interlayer spacing, resulting in more gaps for fast and selective molecular transport. The optimized Ti3C2Tx MXene@AgNWs (M@A) membrane exhibited a water flux up to ∼191.9 L/(m2 h) while maintaining a high bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection of ∼95.4%. We emphatically used M@A membranes as efficient catalysts for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), and the results indicated that M@A-12% membrane exhibited the greatest catalytic reduction ability, and recycling utilization. M@A-12% membrane also had an antibacterial rate of more than 99% against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). This work provides a possibility to expand the application of 2D multifunctional M@A membranes in wastewater treatment and pollutant catalytic degradation.

Computationally Guided Synthesis of MXenes by Dry Selective Extraction.

MXenes are a rapidly growing family of 2Dtransition metal carbides and nitridesthatare promising for various applications, including energy storage and conversion, electronics, and healthcare. Hydrofluoric-acid-based etchants are typically used for large-scale and high-throughput synthesis of MXenes, which also leads to a mixture of surface terminations that impede MXene properties. Herein, a computational thermodynamic model with experimental validation is presented to explore the feasibility of fluorine-free synthesis of MXenes with uniform surface terminations by dry selective extraction (DSE) from precursor MAX phases using iodine vapors. A range of MXenesand respective precursor compositions are systematically screened using first-principles calculations to find candidates with high phase stability and low etching energy. A thermodynamic model based on the "CALculation of PHAse Diagrams" (CALPHAD) approach is further demonstrated, using Ti3 C2 I2 as an example, to assess the Gibbs free energy of the DSE reaction and the state of the byproducts as a function of temperature and pressure. Based on the assessment, the optimal synthesis temperature and vapor pressure are predicted and further verified by experiments. This work opens an avenue for scalable, fluorine-free dry synthesis of MXenes with compositions and surface chemistries that are not accessible using wet chemical etching.

Tuning the metal–semiconductor contact nature in MXene-based van der Waals heterostructures

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides (MXenes) have emerged as promising ultrathin materials for nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. However, the contact barrier at metal–semiconductor (MS) junctions still significantly limits the device's performance. Here, we propose a novel strategy—functionalizing accompanied with external electric fields—to tune the MS contact nature in MXene-based van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures, taking 2D Ti2C as an example, by means of first-principles calculations. Different Ti2CO2/Ti2CX2 (X = OH or S) vdW heterostructures are designed via functionalizing Ti2C metals to contact with 2D Ti2CO2. We reveal that OH functionalized vdW MS heterostructure (Ti2CO2/Ti2C(OH)2) can be tuned to the Ohmic contact owing to the strong interlayer interaction inducing a large number of interlayer transferred electrons; while for the sulfurized vdW MS heterostructure (Ti2CO2/Ti2CS2), its Schottky barrier height and contact type can be effectively tuned by external electric field due to the rather weak interlayer interaction. Our work paves a new way for the construction of 2D MXene-based vdW MS heterostructures and demonstrates the great potential of 2D MXenes in future nanoelectronics and optoelectronics.

Ti3C2Tx/Co-BTC derived multidimensional hierarchical Co@NC/TiO2/C nanocomposites with efficient microwave absorption

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbide MXene (Ti3C2Tx) exhibits great potential in electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials due to its abundant surface functional groups and defects, tunable conductivity and high specific surface area. The Co@NC/TiO2/C composites were successfully synthesized through a solvothermal method and carbonization process using Ti3C2Tx/Co-BTC as precursor. The incorporation of magnetic metal Co nanoparticles and Rutile-TiO2 effectively addresses the issue of single loss mechanism in Ti3C2Tx. The results show that CTC-100 exhibits excellent EMW absorption performance with a minimum reflection loss (RL) value of −51.3 dB at a thickness of only 1.48 mm, and the corresponding effective absorption bandwidth is (EAB, RL < −10 dB) 4.3 GHz. Simultaneously, by adjusting the matching thickness of the material from 1.29 mm to 5.0 mm, the EAB can achieve 15.42 GHz (from 2.85 GHz to 18 GHz). The excellent EMW absorption performance of CTC-100 composite is primarily attributed to the synergistic effect of magnetic loss and dielectric loss. This study provided an effective strategy for the design of Ti3C2Tx-based EMW absorbing materials with high absorption intensity, reduced thickness, and broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB).

CTAB intercalation into two-dimensional transition-metal carbides: Enhancing adsorption performance of Cr (VI)

Nowadays, adsorption is the effective and widely used technology for removing toxic and harmful heavy metals from wastewater. As the most widely used star material in MXenes based materials, Ti3C2 exhibits great brilliance in the field of heavy metal adsorption. Due to the inefficient adsorption performance of Ti3C2 for Cr (VI), the intercalation method is used to treat Ti3C2 to obtain an efficient adsorbent. Therefore, 1CTAB-Ti3C2 material was constructed by intercalating Ti3C2 with Cetyl-trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) and used to remove Cr (VI). The CTAB ultrasonic intercalation could make the positively charged CAT+ ionized from the solution attract to the negatively charged Ti3C2 surface through static electricity, and further insert between the negatively charged Ti3C2 layers. Therefore, the layer spacing of Ti3C2 became larger to improve its layer spacing, so that it exposed more adsorption sites and improved the adsorption performance of MXenes. The maximum adsorption capacity of 1CTAB-Ti3C2 for Cr (VI) was approximately 206.8 mg/g. The 1CTAB-Ti3C2 could absorb Cr (VI) at various temperatures and maintain a high adsorption efficiency. This study resoundingly prepared efficient adsorbents using a low-cost intercalation method, and it provided a new idea for the application of MXenes based materials in the field of heavy metal adsorption.

Highly sensitive detection of cationic pollutants on molybdenum carbide (MXene)/Fe2O3/Ag as a SERS substrate

Recent studies reported that the two-dimensional transition-metal carbides (MXenes) present promising results for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) application, permitting sensitive detection of analyte molecules thanks to rich surface chemistries, surface plasmon resonances, and electrical features. However, Mxene materials, especially Mo-based ones, still suffer from low concentrated sensing activity and lack specific sensing suited to surface chemistries. To overcome those issues, for the first time, we propose a simple and scalable approach to fabricate Mo2CTx/Fe2O3/Ag (MFA) hybrid nanostructure via the hydrothermal treatment of MXene and Fe2O3, and subsequent in-situ decorated of Ag NPs via seed-mediated growth processes. As-prepared MFA presents a 1 × 10−9 M detection limit with a 1.46 × 106 enhancement factor for cationic MB molecules. Here, in addition to the contribution of the electromagnetic enhancement mechanism due to the presence of Ag, the chemical enhancement mechanism also comes into play as a result of the specific binding of the cationic molecule, MB, to the negatively charged MXene surface. This result is also observed for harmful cationic molecules found in wastewater such as CTAC and arsenic. MFA exhibits a low detection limit for CTAB, where a very low concentration of 0.075 M was achieved probably owing to its cationic character. Last but not least, the MFA hybrid nanostructure shows promising results for arsenic detection in tap water with 10 μg/L. Overall, an as-prepared MFA is a promising option for creating a SERS-active surface that can be customized for particular uses, due to its adjustable surface chemistries and elevated charge carrier densities, while also being low-cost and simple to manufacture.

M5X4: A Family of MXenes.

MXenes are two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides typically synthesized from layered MAX-phase precursors. With over 50 experimentally reported MXenes and a near-infinite number of possible chemistries, MXenes make up the fastest-growing family of 2D materials. They offer a wide range of properties, which can be altered by their chemistry (M, X) and the number of metal layers in the structure, ranging from two in M2XTx to five in M5X4Tx. Only one M5X4 MXene, Mo4VC4, has been reported. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of two M5AX4 mixed transition metal MAX phases, Ti2.5Ta2.5AlC4 and Ti2.675Nb2.325AlC4, and their successful topochemical transformation into Ti2.5Ta2.5C4Tx and Ti2.675Nb2.325C4Tx MXenes. The resulting MXenes were delaminated into single-layer flakes, analyzed structurally, and characterized for their thermal and optical properties. This establishes a family of M5AX4 MAX phases and their corresponding MXenes. These materials were experimentally produced based on guidance from theoretical predictions, leading to more exciting applications for MXenes.

(Invited) 2D Mxenes for Energy Storage Applications

MXenes are a family of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides, with a general structure of Mn+1XnT x , where M is the transition metal, X is carbon and/or nitrogen, and T represents the surface terminations (F, O, OH). MXenes have attracted attention in a multitude of energy storage applications due to their high electronic conductivity, tunable interlayer spacing, redox-active transition metals, and hydrophilic surface groups. In this talk, we discuss the use of MXene electrodes in supercapacitor applications, including aqueous, non-aqueous, and water-in-salt electrolytes. The variability of MXenes is demonstrated with each electrolyte system showing unique electrochemical responses, not limited to redox and/or intercalation pseudocapacitance, and hydrated cation intercalation. Furthermore, the versatility of the hydrophilic, 2D morphology of MXenes is demonstrated through its use in multiple form factors, not limited to flexible free-standing films, multilayer powder electrodes, interdigitated microsupercapacitors, knitted textiles, and more. New directions and perspectives for MXenes in energy storage are discussed, including MXenes’ use as passive components (separators, current collectors, binders, scaffolds, conductive additives) in energy storage systems. Figure 1 (A) Schematic illustration showing MXenes’ electrochemical properties for ion storage applications. (B) Cyclic voltammetry (CV) data collected at scan rates from 10 to 100,000 mV·s−1 for a 90-nm-thick Ti3C2T x film. (C) Influence of an electrolyte’s solvent on the lithium-ion storage capacity of Ti3C2T x ; CV curves of microporous Ti3C2T x electrode in 1 M lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) in DMSO, acetonitrile (ACN), or propylene carbonate (PC) electrolytes. (D) A digital photograph showing the wafer scale fabrication of an array of 143 MXene microsupercapacitors. (E) Photograph of a knitted textile with an interdigitated pattern made using Ti3C2T x MXene-coated cotton yarn to produce electrodes for wearable textile supercapacitor.Reference[1] A. VahidMohammadi, J. Rosen, Y. Gogotsi, Science, 2021, 372, eabf1581. Figure 1

Microwave-etched V2C MXene-activated carbon hybrid as a high-performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Activated carbon (AC) has been widely utilized as an active material in lithium-ion batteries (LIB) due to its stability and abundance. Nevertheless, the performance of AC anode materials alone falls short of competing with hybrid anode materials, which can attain maximum discharge capacity. Recently, a new two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbide, MXene, has shown promising performance as an anode in LIB applications. The combination between AC and MXene has proved to improve battery performance previously. Thus, in this study, the electrode was prepared using a hybrid of activated carbon with vanadium carbide MXene (V2C), which was synthesized by etching V2AlC with in situ of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and lithium fluoride (LiF) at 90 °C for 30 min via microwave-assisted hydrothermal technique. The characterization by XRD pattern shows the appearance of V2C MXene peak at 7.23°, indicating the successful etching from V2AlC MAX. The as-prepared AC/V2C_D at ratio 9:1 revealed excellent electrochemical properties as anode LIB, owned capacity up to 562 mAh g−1 (at 50 mA g−1) with cycling stability and columbic efficiency of 95.87 % and 98.2 %, respectively after 50 cycles. Moreover, AC/V2C_D exhibited the smallest Rct (18.50 Ω), and the discharge capacity of 370.25 mAh g−1 was restored after 60 cycles when the current density returned to 50 mAg−1, implying a good reversibility performance and high endurance for LIB. Furthermore, the fabricated full cell of AC/V2C_D//LiFePO4 exhibits initial discharge and charge capacity at 159.6 and 199.8 mAh g−1, respectively, with 79.9 % of CE and delivers a stable cycling performance with reversible discharge specific capacity of 82.72 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles. These promising results prove that the hybrid of AC/V2C_D MXene can be good potential as an anode material in future LIBs applications.

Ti3C2Tx MXene-Based Multifunctional Tactile Sensors for Precisely Detecting and Distinguishing Temperature and Pressure Stimuli.

Although skin-like sensors that can simultaneously detect various physical stimuli are of fair importance in cutting-edge human-machine interaction, robotic, and healthcare applications, they still face challenges in facile, scalable, and cost-effective production using conventional active materials. The emerging two-dimensional transition metal carbide, Ti3C2Tx MXene, integrated with favorable thermoelectric properties, metallic-like conductivity, and a hydrophilic surface, is promising for solving these problems. Herein, skin-like multifunctional sensors are designed to precisely detect and distinguish temperature and pressure stimuli without cross-talk by decorating elastic and porous substrates with MXene sheets. Because the combination of the thermoelectric and conductive MXene with the thermally insulating, elastic, and porous substrate integrates efficient Seebeck and piezoresistive effects, the resultant sensor exhibits not only an ultralow detection limit (0.05 K), high signal-to-noise ratio, and excellent cycling stability for temperature detection but also high sensitivity, fast response time, and outstanding durability for pressure detection. Based on the impressive dual-mode sensing properties and independent temperature and pressure detections, a multimode input terminal and an electronic skin are created, exhibiting great potential in robotic and human-machine interaction applications. This work provides a scalable fabrication of multifunctional tactile sensors for precisely detecting and distinguishing temperature and pressure stimuli.

Hybrid organic-inorganic two-dimensional metal carbide MXenes with amido- and imido-terminated surfaces.

Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) combine the electronic and mechanical properties of 2D inorganic crystals with chemically modifiable surfaces, which provides an ideal platform for both fundamental and applied studies of interfaces. Good progress has been achieved in the functionalization of MXenes with small inorganic ligands, but relatively little work has been reported on the covalent bonding of various organic groups to MXene surfaces. Here we synthesize a family of hybrid MXenes (h-MXenes) that incorporate amido- and imido-bonding between organic and inorganic parts by reacting halogen-terminated MXenes with deprotonated organic amines. The resulting hybrid structures unite tailorability of organic molecules with electronic connectivity and other properties of inorganic 2D materials. Describing the structure of h-MXene necessitates the integration of concepts from coordination chemistry, self-assembled monolayers and surface science. The optical properties of h-MXenes reveal coherent coupling between the organic and inorganic constituents. h-MXenes also exhibit superior stability against hydrolysis.

MXenes for Zinc-Based Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices.

As an economical and safer alternative to lithium, zinc (Zn) is promising for realizing new high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices, such as Zn-ion batteries, Zn-ion hybrid capacitors, and Zn-air batteries. Well-designed electrodes are needed to enable efficient Zn electrochemistry for energy storage. Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are emerging materials with unique electrical, mechanical, and electrochemical properties and versatile surface chemistry. They are potential material candidates for constructing high-performance electrodes of Zn-based energy storage devices. This review first briefly introduces the working mechanisms of the three Zn-based energy storage devices. Then, the recent progress on the synthesis, chemical functionalization, and structural design of MXene-based electrodes is summarized. Their performance in Zn-based devices is analyzed to establish relations between material properties, electrode structures, and device performance. Last, several research topics are proposed to be addressed for developing practical MXene-based electrodes for Zn-based energy storage devices to enable their commercialization and broad adoption in the near future.

Hydrovoltaic Effect Coupling with Capacitor Amplification: A Mode for Sensitive Self-Powered Electrochemical Sensing.

Self-powered electrochemical sensors, which can function without external electricity, are incredibly valuable in the realm of sensing. However, most of the present testing methods are normally confined to high environmental requirements, restricted lighting conditions, and temperature differences. Herein, an innovative self-powered electrochemical sensor was successfully developed based on hydrovoltaic effect coupling with capacitor amplification. Due to the combined merits from the two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXene)-polyaniline (PANI) with high surface potential and good hydrophilicity, and the capacitor amplification strategy, the device could harvest electric energy from water evaporation and displayed a high short circuit current value. Under optimal conditions, the proposed self-powered electrochemical sensor presented excellent sensitivity and high specificity for enrofloxacin (ENR) detection in the concentration range from 1 fM to 1 nM with a detection limit of 0.585 fM. Such a proposed sensor also has the advantages of environmental friendliness and ease of use, which is an ideal choice for accurately and precisely detecting ENR in real samples. The mode of such electrochemical detection outlined in this technical note implements a breakthrough in designing self-powered electrochemical sensors, providing a rational basis for development of a diversified sensing platform.

MXene-supported transition metal single-atom catalysts for nitrogen dissociation

Industrial ammonia production follows the Haber-Bosch process, whose rate-limiting step is the dissociation of the nitrogen molecule (N2), hence requiring suitable catalysts to break its triple bond. MXenes, a class of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides, have been proposed as very efficient catalysts for N2 dissociation. Here, by employing density functional theory-based calculations, we assess whether the deposition of one atom of a transition metal element (TM) on the Ti2C MXene surface further improves the catalytic potential of the MXene, serving as a single-atom catalyst. The results show that, for 21 of the 30 TMs considered, N2 can exothermically bind to the TM adatom, this bonding being favourable with respect to adsorption on the pristine Ti2C MXene surface for TMs of groups 3 to 6 of the Periodic Table. All the 21 TMs that successfully bind to N2 effectively reduce the N2 dissociation energy barrier when compared to the bulk Ti2C MXene by 18 to 84 %. Our results strongly indicate that doping the Ti2C MXene with atoms of transition metal elements significantly reduces the energy required to break the triple bond in N2, which may impact the nitrogen-to-ammonia process.

MXene: An efficient hemoperfusion sorbent for the removal of uremic toxins

MXene, a family of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides have attracted extensive interests for many biochemical applications, including tumour elimination, biosensors, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this article, we firstly discovered that Ti3C2Tx MXene exhibited a highly efficient adsorption capability as hemoperfusion absorbent towards middle-molecular mass and protein bound uremic toxins in the end stage of renal disease (ESRD) treatment. Molecular scale investigations reveal that the high efficiency of MXene for the removal of uremic toxins could be attributed to synergistic effects of physical/chemical adsorption, electrostatic interaction surface of 2D MXene, and transformation of protein secondary structure. 2D MXene materials could be used as a new hemoperfusion sorbent with ultrahigh efficiency for removing uremic toxins during the treatment of kidney disease.

Heterostructure engineering of MoS2/Mo2CTx nanoarray via molten salt synthesis for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction

Two-dimensional layered transition metal carbides (MXenes), have huge potential advantage for applications in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the hindered hydrogen evolution at large current densities and the instability of MXenes during HER remains major challenges. Herein, we report the MoS2/Mo2CTx nanoarray with aerophobic structure via molten salt synthesis. In situ vertical distribution of MoS2 nanoarray on the surface of Mo2CTx accelerates hydrogen gas release from the electrode, exhibiting significantly enhanced catalytic activity and stability to bare MoS2 and Mo2CTx. The MoS2/Mo2CTx nanoarray possesses excellent stability at −100 mA/cm2 for 100 h with only 3% overpotential increase. Our work provides guidance for developing high-stability MXene-based catalysts by virtue of in situ bonding between nanoarray and MXene.

Preparation and Application Analysis of MXene

As an emerging two-dimensional transition metal carbide and/or nitride in recent years, MXene has become a research hotspot in many fields such as energy storage, catalysis, and adsorption with its unique two-dimensional layered structure, large specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical stability and magnetic properties. In this paper, the preparation method of two-dimensional material MXenes is briefly described, and its application progress in various fields in recent years is reviewed and summarized. Finally, the existing problems at this stage and the future research direction and development prospects are analyzed.