Two-dimensional Image Sensor Research Articles

Initial results of the satellite "Ohzora" observation of stratospheric aerosol and ozone.

The stratospheric aerosol and ozone were observed by using solar occultation technique on board the satellite “Ohzora” during about 3 years from March 1984. The instrument is a two-channel sun-photometer at the wavelengths of 600 and 1000nm. As the detector for each channel a two-dimensional CCD image sensor was used to obtain vertical resolution of the order of 1km. In this paper the general description of methods of observation and analysis, and examples of the initial results are presented.

Johnson noise in one- and two-dimensional distributed resistor-capacitor systems

Johnson noise is often the dominant noise source in microelectronic devices. While the magnitude and frequency dependence of noise within a network of discrete resistors and capacitors is well documented, there appears to be a lack of analogous results for distributed resistor-capacitor systems. This latter model is quite relevant to microelectronic devices since one finds that long resistive conductors are capacitively coupled with varying strength to other elements along the entire conductor length. We solve both the one-and two-dimensional distributed resistor-capacitor systems and find both the autocorrelation function of the potential at any point and the frequency spectrum of the associated mean-square potential fluctuations. We note that the one-dimensional result exhibits an extended ‘‘1/f’’ region in the power spectrum at high frequencies and speculate that all systems with macroscopic behavior governed by a diffusion equation may share this frequency dependence if the diffusivity depends appropriately on spatial frequency. The two-dimensional system solution shows us that Johnson noise within the epitaxial layer of a two-dimensional image sensor will not dominate other imager noise sources.

PATSCAN—a microprocessor-based pattern scanner system

PATSCAN, a low-cost pattern scanner for digitization of optical patterns is described. The scanner system has been developed using Reticon solid-state integrated two-dimensional image sensors. The various control signals have been generated using hardware also under program control. The scanner yields sufficiently high resolution, low noise digitized patterns which could be subsequently classified.

Image acquisition technology

This survey includes a description of all types of two-dimensional image sensors in current use in television. Television is loosely defined as the acquisition, transmission, and display of moving pictures by electronic means. The technology of image acquisition is greatly complicated by the requirement in many parts of the industry that the images be in natural color. Some imagers include the color analysis means as an inherent part of their makeup. However, many color cameras use two or more monochrome sensors and a substantial peripheral system of optical, control, and signal-processing functions. Both of these major classes of color imagining systems are described. An outline is included of major categories of camera users, their equipment, and numbers. Finally, a tabulation is presented, giving the physical and electrooptic properties of a variety of cameras.

A System Design for a Multispectral Sensor Using Two-Dimensional Solid-State Imaging Arrays

The architecture of a system for the simultaneous capture of up to four images from solid-state two-dimensional image sensors is described. The system has been developed for remote sensing from light aircraft in the 400-1100-nm wavelength range. Software generation of sensor drive signals is incorporated in the system.