Two-dimensional Blume-Capel Model Research Articles

Blume-Capel model analysis with a microcanonical population annealing method.

We present a modification of the Rose-Machta algorithm [N. Rose and J. Machta, Phys. Rev. E 100, 063304 (2019)2470-004510.1103/PhysRevE.100.063304] and estimate the density of states for a two-dimensional Blume-Capel model, simulating 10^{5} replicas in parallel for each set of parameters. We perform a finite-size analysis of the specific heat and Binder cumulant, determine the critical temperature along the critical line, and evaluate the critical exponents. The obtained results are in good agreement with those previously obtained using various methods-Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation, Wang-Landau simulation, transfer matrix, and series expansion. The simulation results clearly illustrate the typical behavior of specific heat along the critical lines and through the tricritical point.

Ising universality in the two-dimensional Blume-Capel model with quenched random crystal field.

Using high-precision Monte Carlo simulations based on a parallel version of the Wang-Landau algorithm and finite-size scaling techniques, we study the effect of quenched disorder in the crystal-field coupling of the Blume-Capel model on a square lattice. We mainly focus on the part of the phase diagram where the pure model undergoes a continuous transition, known to fall into the universality class of a pure Ising ferromagnet. A dedicated scaling analysis reveals concrete evidence in favor of the strong universality hypothesis with the presence of additional logarithmic corrections in the scaling of the specific heat. Our results are in agreement with an early real-space renormalization-group study of the model as well as a very recent numerical work where quenched randomness was introduced in the energy exchange coupling. Finally, by properly fine tuning the control parameters of the randomness distribution we also qualitatively investigate the part of the phase diagram where the pure model undergoes a first-order phase transition. For this region, preliminary evidence indicate a smoothing of the transition to second-order with the presence of strong scaling corrections.

Revisiting the field-driven edge transition of the tricritical two-dimensional Blume-Capel model.

We reconsider the tricritical Blume-Capel model on the square lattice with a magnetic field acting on the open boundaries in one direction. Periodic boundary conditions are applied in the other direction. We apply three types of Monte Carlo algorithms, local Metropolis updates, and cluster algorithms of the Wolff and geometric type, adapted to the symmetry properties of the model. Statistical analyses of the bulk magnetization, the bulk Binder ratio, the edge magnetization, and the connected product of the edge and bulk magnetizations lead to new results confirming the presence of a singular edge transition at H_{sc}≈0.68, as we reported earlier [Phys. Rev. E 71, 026109 (2005)PLEEE81539-375510.1103/PhysRevE.71.026109]. We provide a plausible answer concerning a discrepancy between the behavior of the edge Binder ratio reported in that work and our new results.

Metastability of the Two-Dimensional Blume-Capel Model with Zero Chemical Potential and Small Magnetic Field on a Large Torus

We consider the Blume-Capel model with zero chemical potential and small magnetic field in a two-dimensional torus whose length increases with the inverse of the temeprature. We prove the mestastable behavior and that starting from a configuration with only negative spins, the process visits the configuration with only 0-spins on its way to the ground state which is the configuration with all spins equal to $$+1$$ .

Monte Carlo study of the interfacial adsorption of the Blume-Capel model.

We investigate the scaling of the interfacial adsorption of the two-dimensional Blume-Capel model using Monte Carlo simulations. In particular, we study the finite-size scaling behavior of the interfacial adsorption of the pure model at both its first- and second-order transition regimes, as well as at the vicinity of the tricritical point. Our analysis benefits from the currently existing quite accurate estimates of the relevant (tri)critical-point locations. In all studied cases, the numerical results verify to a level of high accuracy the expected scenarios derived from analytic free-energy scaling arguments. We also investigate the size dependence of the interfacial adsorption under the presence of quenched bond randomness at the originally first-order transition regime (disorder-induced continuous transition) and the relevant self-averaging properties of the system. For this ex-first-order regime, where strong transient effects are shown to be present, our findings support the scenario of a non-divergent scaling, similar to that found in the original second-order transition regime of the pure model.

First-order transitions and thermodynamic properties in the 2D Blume-Capel model: the transfer-matrix method revisited

We investigate the first-order transition in the spin-1 two-dimensional Blume-Capel model in square lattices by revisiting the transfer-matrix method. With large strip widths increased up to the size of 18 sites, we construct the detailed phase coexistence curve which shows excellent quantitative agreement with the recent advanced Monte Carlo results. In the deep first-order area, we observe the exponential system-size scaling of the spectral gap of the transfer matrix from which linearly increasing interfacial tension is deduced with decreasing temperature. We find that the first-order signature at low temperatures is strongly pronounced with much suppressed finite-size influence in the examined thermodynamic properties of entropy, non-zero spin population, and specific heat. It turns out that the jump at the transition becomes increasingly sharp as it goes deep into the first-order area, which is in contrast to the Wang-Landau results where finite-size smoothing gets more severe at lower temperatures.

Geometrical mutual information at the tricritical point of the two-dimensional Blume–Capel model

The spin-1 classical Blume–Capel model on a square lattice is known to exhibit a finite-temperature phase transition described by the tricritical Ising CFT in 1 + 1 space-time dimensions. This phase transition can be accessed with classical Monte Carlo simulations, which, via a replica-trick calculation, can be used to study the shape-dependence of the classical Rényi entropies for a torus divided into two cylinders. From the second Rényi entropy, we calculate the geometrical mutual information (GMI) introduced by Stéphan et al (2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 127204) and use it to extract a numerical estimate for the value of the central charge near the tricritical point. By comparing to the known CFT result, c = 7/10, we demonstrate how this type of GMI calculation can be used to estimate the position of the tricritical point in the phase diagram.

Metastability of the Two-Dimensional Blume–Capel Model with Zero Chemical Potential and Small Magnetic Field

We consider the two-dimensional Blume-Capel model with zero chemical potential and small magnetic field evolving on a large but finite torus. We obtain sharp estimates for the transition time, we characterize the set of critical configurations, and we prove the metastable behavior of the dynamics as the temperature vanishes.

Critical and Tricritical Wetting in the Two-Dimensional Blume–Capel model

The two-dimensional Blume–Capel model with free surfaces where a surface field $$H_1$$ acts and the “crystal field” (controlling the density of the vacancies) takes a value $$D _s$$ different from the value $$D$$ in the bulk, is studied by Monte Carlo methods. Using a recently developed finite size scaling method that studies thin films in a $$L \times M$$ geometry with antisymmetric surface fields $$(H_L=-H_1)$$ and keeps a generalized aspect ratio $$c = L^2/M$$ constant, surface phase diagrams are computed for several typical choices of the parameters. It is shown that both second order and first order wetting transitions occur, separated by tricritical wetting behavior. The special role of vacancies near the surface is investigated in detail.

Novel considerations about the non-equilibrium regime of the tricritical point in a metamagnetic model: Localization and tricritical exponents

We have investigated the time-dependent regime of a two-dimensional metamagnetic model at its tricritical point via Monte Carlo simulations. First, we obtained the temperature and magnetic field corresponding to the tricritical point of the model by using a refinement process based on optimization of the coefficient of determination in the log–log fit of magnetization decay as a function of time. With these estimates in hand, we obtained the dynamic tricritical exponents θ and z and the static tricritical exponents ν and β by using the universal power-law scaling relations for the staggered magnetization and its moments at an early stage of the dynamic evolution. Our results at the tricritical point confirm that this model belongs to the two-dimensional Blume–Capel model universality class for both static and dynamic behaviors, and they also corroborate the conjecture of Janssen and Oerding for the dynamics of tricritical points.

Monte Carlo study of the triangular Blume-Capel model under bond randomness

The effects of bond randomness on the universality aspects of a two-dimensional (d = 2) Blume-Capel model embedded in the triangular lattice are discussed. The system is studied numerically in both its first- and second-order phase-transition regimes by a comprehensive finite-size scaling analysis for a particularly suitable value of the disorder strength. We find that our data for the second-order phase transition, emerging under random bonds from the second-order regime of the pure model, are compatible with the universality class of the two-dimensional (2D) random Ising model. Furthermore, we find evidence that, the second-order transition emerging under bond randomness from the first-order regime of the pure model, belongs again to the same universality class. Although the first finding reinforces the scenario of strong universality in the 2D Ising model with quenched disorder, the second is in difference from the critical behavior, emerging under randomness, in the cases of the ex-first-order transitions of the Potts model. Finally, our results verify previous renormalization-group calculations on the Blume-Capel model with disorder in the crystal-field coupling.

Wetting transition in the two-dimensional Blume-Capel model: A Monte Carlo study

The wetting transition of the Blume-Capel model is studied by a finite-size scaling analysis of L×M lattices where competing boundary fields ±H_{1} act on the first or last row of the L rows in the strip, respectively. We show that using the appropriate anisotropic version of finite-size scaling, critical wetting in d=2 is equivalent to a "bulk" critical phenomenon with exponents α=-1, β=0, and γ=3. These concepts are also verified for the Ising model. For the Blume-Capel model, it is found that the field strength H_{1c}(T) where critical wetting occurs goes to zero when the bulk second-order transition is approached, while H_{1c}(T) stays nonzero in the region where in the bulk a first-order transition from the ordered phase, with nonzero spontaneous magnetization, to the disordered phase occurs. Interfaces between coexisting phases then show interfacial enrichment of a layer of the disordered phase which exhibits in the second-order case a finite thickness only. A tentative discussion of the scaling behavior of the wetting phase diagram near the tricritical point is also given.

Blume–Capel model on directed and undirected small-world Voronoi–Delaunay random lattices

The critical properties of the spin-1 two-dimensional Blume–Capel model on directed and undirected random lattices with quenched connectivity disorder is studied through Monte Carlo simulations. The critical temperature, as well as the critical point exponents are obtained. For the undirected case this random system belongs to the same universality class as the regular two-dimensional model. However, for the directed random lattice one has a second-order phase transition for q < q c and a first-order phase transition for q > q c , where q c is the critical rewiring probability. The critical exponents for q < q c were calculated and they do not belong to the same universality class as the regular two-dimensional ferromagnetic model.

Strong violation of critical phenomena universality: Wang-Landau study of the two-dimensional Blume-Capel model under bond randomness

We study the pure and random-bond versions of the square lattice ferromagnetic Blume-Capel model, in both the first-order and second-order phase transition regimes of the pure model. Phase transition temperatures, thermal and magnetic critical exponents are determined for lattice sizes in the range L=20-100 via a sophisticated two-stage numerical strategy of entropic sampling in dominant energy subspaces, using mainly the Wang-Landau algorithm. The second-order phase transition, emerging under random bonds from the second-order regime of the pure model, has the same values of critical exponents as the two-dimensional Ising universality class, with the effect of the bond disorder on the specific heat being well described by double-logarithmic corrections, our findings thus supporting the marginal irrelevance of quenched bond randomness. On the other hand, the second-order transition, emerging under bond randomness from the first-order regime of the pure model, has a distinctive universality class with nu=1.30(6) and beta/nu = 0.128(5) . These results amount to a strong violation of universality principle of critical phenomena, since these two second-order transitions, with different sets of critical exponents, are between the same ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases. Furthermore, the latter of these two sets of results supports an extensive but weak universality, since it has the same magnetic critical exponent (but a different thermal critical exponent) as a wide variety of two-dimensional systems with and without quenched disorder. In the conversion by bond randomness of the first-order transition of the pure system to second order, we detect, by introducing and evaluating connectivity spin densities, a microsegregation that also explains the increase we find in the phase transition temperature under bond randomness.

Wang-Landau Monte Carlo simulation of the Blume-Capel model

We carry out a study of the two-dimensional Blume-Capel model using the Wang-Landau Monte Carlo method which estimates the density of states g(E) directly. This work validates the applicability of this method to multiparametric systems, since only one computer run is needed for all range of macroscopic parameters (temperature, anisotropy, etc.). The location of the tricritical point is determined as kBTt/J=0.609(3), Dt/J=1.966(2), and is in excellent agreement with previous estimates. The free energy and the entropy, which are not directly accessible by conventional Monte Carlo simulations, are obtained simply using g(E).

Percolation between vacancies in the two-dimensional Blume-Capel model

Using suitable Monte Carlo methods and finite-size scaling, we investigate the Blume-Capel model on the square lattice. We construct percolation clusters by placing nearest-neighbor bonds between vacancies with a variable bond probability p(b) . At the tricritical point, we locate the percolation threshold of these vacancy clusters at p(bc) =0.706 33 (6) . At this point, we determine the fractal dimension of the vacancy clusters as Xf =0.1308 (5) approximately equal to 21/160, and the exponent governing the renormalization flow in the p(b) direction as y(p) =0.426 (2) approximately equal to 17/40 . For bond probability p(b) > p(bc) , the vacancy clusters maintain strong critical correlations; the fractal dimension is Xf =0.0750 (2) approximately equal to 3/40 and the leading correction exponent is y(p) =-0.45 (2) approximately equal to -19/40 . The above values fit well in the Kac table for the tricritical Ising model. These vacancy clusters have much analogy with those consisting of Ising spins of the same sign, although the associated quantities rho and magnetization m are energylike and magnetic quantities, respectively. However, along the critical line of the Blume-Capel model, the vacancies are more or less uniformly distributed over the whole lattice. In this case, no critical percolation correlations are observed in the vacancy clusters, at least in the physical region p(b) < or = 1 .

Local persistence and blocking in the two-dimensional blume-capel model

In this paper we study the local persistence of the two-dimensional Blume-Capel Model by extending the concept of Glauber dynamics. We verify that for any value of the ratio alpha = D/J between anisotropy D and exchange J the persistence shows a power law behavior. In particular for alpha < 0 we find a persistence exponent thetal = 0:2096(13), i.e. in the Ising universality class. For alpha > 0 (<FONT FACE=Symbol>a ¹</FONT> 1) we observe the occurrence of blocking.

Short-time dynamics for the spin-32Blume-Capel model

We employed Monte Carlo simulations and short-time dynamic scaling to determine the static and dynamic critical exponents for the generalized two-dimensional Blume-Capel model of spin-3/2. We showed that the critical behavior at the second-order phase-transition line between the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases is in the same universality class of the two-dimensional Ising model. However, at the double critical end point, which is present in the phase diagram of the model, the critical exponent beta , associated to the order parameter, is different from that of the Ising model.

Global persistence exponent of the two-dimensional Blume-Capel model.

The global persistence exponent theta(g) is calculated for the two-dimensional Blume-Capel model following a quench to the critical point from both disordered states and such with small initial magnetizations. Estimates are obtained for the nonequilibrium critical dynamics on the critical line and at the tricritical point. Ising-like universality is observed along the critical line and a different value theta(g)=1.080(4) is found at the tricritical point.

Universality and scaling study of the critical behavior of the two-dimensional Blume-Capel model in short-time dynamics.

In this paper we study the short-time behavior of the Blume-Capel model at the tricritical point as well as along the second order critical line. Dynamic and static exponents are estimated by exploring scaling relations for the magnetization and its moments at an early stage of the dynamic evolution. Our estimates for the dynamic exponents, at the tricritical point, are z=2.215(2) and theta=-0.53(2).