Reviews the sources themselves. Deverell and Hyde also tread lightly on historiography, although in every chapter their selection of documents clearly reflects colleagues’ scholarship from a range of subfields. For those wishing to delve deeper, suggested readings at the end of each chapter offer a selection of important titles that speak to overarching themes. Although the New Western History is no longer new, Shaped by the West owes a large debt to that movement and its call for more honest and inclusive accounts of the American past — the good, the bad, and the ugly. As Deverell and Hyde explain, contemporary historians in the field “bring us a stunningly human West, where people learned new things about themselves, did awful things to each other, and sometimes took great care” (p. x). Their selection of documents bespeaks the concern for complexity, diversity, and boundary-breaking that has come to define both Western and U.S. history writ large. Indigenous peoples are present as intelligent actors in every place and period, rather than appearing (and then promptly disappearing) as either savage opponents or helpless victims of Manifest Destiny. Other racialized and marginalized groups — African, Asian, Latino — contribute their voices as well, revealing the West and America as a continually shifting mosaic of peoples from around the world, not the ephemeral frontier of AngloSaxon settlement. Similarly, Deverell and Hyde include multiple documents that address the dynamic history of gender and sexuality, from “Two-Spirits” in Native North America to women suffragists and LGBTQ activists in the modern West. Environmental history receives its due as well, with documents that consider subjects like disease, ecological change, water scarcity, and environmental policy. Quite intentionally, the editors urge students to think about all of this history in relation to the current issues that make the West such “a troubled place in early twenty-first century America” (p. x). Of course, it is possible to quibble with their choices and imagine different permutations within each chapter. Labor history does not make a strong showing until Volume 2, while women’s history appears more sporadically there than in Volume 1. Also, while Asian immigration to North America began in earnest during the 1850s, Chinese workers and the backlash against them do not receive attention until after 1877. That said, Deverell and Hyde deserve enormous credit for assembling a wide array of documents that enable instructors and students to see how the West has in fact shaped American history. Any topic that one might teach — slavery, race formation, gender, sectionalism, migration, industrialization , urbanization, politics, and more — can be viewed productively through the kaleidoscope of Western history. When we “listen to the voices of the West,” as Deverell and Hyde advise, we hear all of the conversations, debates, and shouting matches that make up our national discourse about what it means to be an American. Andrew H. Fisher College of William & Mary HERBS AND ROOTS: A HISTORY OF CHINESE DOCTORS IN THE AMERICAN MEDICAL MARKETPLACE by Tamara Venit Shelton Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 2019. Illustrations, notes, index. 368 pages. $37.50 cloth. In Herbs and Roots: A History of Chinese Doctors in the American Medical Marketplace, Tamara Venit Shelton provides a captivating and informative historical account of Chinese medicine and its practitioners in the United States, starting from the earliest account of a “Chinese Doctor, Dr. John Howard” practicing medicine in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, in 1799, through today. Shelton describes the struggles Chinese doctors faced in establishing and operating their practices, their triumphs and successes, the decline of Chinese medicine during the middle decades of the twentieth century, and its re-emergence and re-discovery in the 455 457 Reviews 1970s. The book ends with a discussion of the continued popularity of Chinese medicine, particularly as a gentler, low-cost alternative to western biomedicine and the expensive drugs and treatments associated with it. Shelton describes how Chinese doctors, like Ka-Kit Hui, founder and director of the UCLA Center for East-West Medicine, have established practices and institutes devoted to the study of the therapeutic effectiveness of Chinese medicine and are exploring ways to integrate biomedical science with traditional Chinese therapies. Herbs and Roots primarily focuses on the period following the...