Turnover Cycle Research Articles

Supply chain finance and its impact on mitigating the maturity mismatch between corporate investment and financing: evidence from China

ABSTRACT This paper examines the relationship between supply chain finance and the mismatch between investment and financing maturities using data from Chinese A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2022. Empirical results demonstrate that company participation in supply chain finance significantly reduces the degree of investment-financing maturity mismatch, especially in regions with well-developed financial sectors and industries characterized by intense competition. Mechanism analysis indicates that this positive effect is achieved through reductions in inventory turnover cycles, decreases in cash flow volatility, as well as enhancements in investment efficiency and financial quality within companies.

The Self-Perpetuating Turnover Cycle: Frontline Supervisors and Direct Support Professionals Reflect on Its Causes and Impacts

Abstract Direct support professionals (DSPs) and frontline supervisors (FLSs) have critical roles in home and community-based services for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Recruitment and retention issues have plagued the workforce in long-term supports and services and were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Data from the fourth Direct Support Workforce COVID-19 Survey provided national DSP and FLS perspectives on factors contributing to turnover and retention challenges and their effects on the workforce and people supported. Participants identified obstacles with recruitment and retention, workplace outcomes related to turnover, and negative impacts on the supports and services people with IDD rely on to live and work in their communities. Policy and practice recommendations to address the workforce crisis are provided.

Enhancing Enterprise Efficiency through Cross-Domain Supply Chain Linkage Management

In recent years, with the complexity and variability of international finance, debt, and geopolitical risks, the growth rate of domestic economic operations has slowed down. More enterprise groups are facing the transformation and upgrading from domestic leadership to internationalization, achieving revenue growth of nearly 10 billion yuan per year against the trend. The severe and complex internal and external environment has brought many challenges to the supply chain for enterprises. This article focuses on the goal of an “enterprise supply chain system focusing on value creation, strengthening system linkage, and improving overall chain efficiency,” aiming to find solutions to problems such as strong demand variability, frequent emergency needs, coexistence of project shortages and inventory surplus, long material turnover cycles, and high organizational complexity. By searching for key activities in the entire business chain of demand, design, production, service, and finance, implementing source planning, process control, system linkage, analysis and summary, and team collaboration, we have achieved more scientific demand forecasting, more accurate planning, more effective procurement cost reduction, more stable production performance supply, more convenient inventory sharing services, and more efficient integration of business and financial policies.

Seasonal and Spatial Fluctuations of Reactive Oxygen Species in Riparian Soils and Their Contributions on Organic Carbon Mineralization.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are ubiquitous in the natural environment and play a pivotal role in biogeochemical processes. However, the spatiotemporal distribution and production mechanisms of ROS in riparian soil remain unknown. Herein, we performed uninterrupted monitoring to investigate the variation of ROS at different soil sites of the Weihe River riparian zone throughout the year. Fluorescence imaging and quantitative analysis clearly showed the production and spatiotemporal variation of ROS in riparian soils. The concentration of superoxide (O2•-) was 300% higher in summer and autumn compared to that in other seasons, while the highest concentrations of 539.7 and 20.12 μmol kg-1 were observed in winter for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH), respectively. Spatially, ROS production in riparian soils gradually decreased along with the stream. The results of the structural equation and random forest model indicated that meteorological conditions and soil physicochemical properties were primary drivers mediating the seasonal and spatial variations in ROS production, respectively. The generated •OH significantly induced the abiotic mineralization of organic carbon, contributing to 17.5-26.4% of CO2 efflux. The obtained information highlighted riparian zones as pervasive yet previously underestimated hotspots for ROS production, which may have non-negligible implications for carbon turnover and other elemental cycles in riparian soils.

Re-purposing the built environment of urban China: Residential eldercare and David Harvey's capital switching in a new era

In urban China, institutional eldercare interacts with local land markets in ways that present special analytical problems in critical political economy. It is a new sector: home-based eldercare and childcare have formed complementary parts of intergenerational household strategies that are coming under system-wide pressure for the first time. Growth in Chinese institutional eldercare has increasingly contributed to the repurposing of a wide range of disused buildings, with noteworthy state encouragement. We read this post-reform feature of urban transformation to deploy David Harvey’s concept of ‘capital switching’ in new ways that are emerging in studies of China's urban geography. Harvey’s framework has already been used in analysing China’s multi-decade boom in the built environment. It exposed the stabilising effects of diverting capital from overaccumulation in single turnover and realisation cycles into deferred returns in the multi-cycle built environment albeit complicated by complex and distinctive interpenetrations of consumption fund and fixed capital, for-profit and not-for-profit sectors, state and non-state interests, and so on. This certainly speaks to the origins of contemporary Chinese urbanisation booms. But repurposing for institutional eldercare now appears to be playing a role in abating mounting overaccumulation and potential devalorisation in the built environment, pairing these unprofitable buildings with for-profit eldercare services operating and yielding profits in repeated single turnover cycles. We experiment with bundled commodity theory to understand repurposing buildings for residential eldercare in this new context.

Insights and inspirations: A qualitative exploration of community health workers' motivations in Myanmar and Bangladesh.

Community Health Workers (CHWs) play significant roles in various settings, with their motivations and retention strategies widely studied. Yet, literature is sparse on CHWs from Myanmar, who are key to primary health care in marginalized and conflict-affected areas. This study explores the unique challenges these CHWs face, using firsthand accounts. Life story interviews, enhanced with a lifeline tool, were conducted with 34 CHWs from conflict-affected regions in Myanmar and in Rohingya camps in Bangladesh. Additionally, eight key informant interviews were held with leaders from organizations that work with CHWs. Data analysis was facilitated by NVivo 14 software and four layers of influence adapted from Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory of human development. The findings reveal that, CHWs primarily joined organizations to acquire skills and knowledge. In Bangladesh, the focus was on job-related skills, whereas in Myanmar, healthcare skills were prioritized. Despite remuneration being inadequate, it remained crucial for retention, as did the sense of being valued by the community in Myanmar. Mental health support emerged as a potential need for CHWs. Funding deficits and fragmented support presented organizational challenges, thereby impacting both program implementation and retention of CHWs. To address these challenges, effective, sustainable CHW programs in conflict-affected regions require a shift towards long-term support for organizations and health systems. This includes focusing on CHWs' mental health and stakeholder engagement. Short-term, fragmented solutions may revert to pre-existing situations once removed. Sustainability planning is key to break the CHW turnover cycle and maximize investments in these contexts.

Некоторые вопросы практики возмещения убытков

A prerequisite for a stable turnover cycle is the possibility of full and fair compensation for losses incurred in connection with the execution of contracts. The idea of damages as a universal legal instrument does not change the relevance throughout the world of the continuous development of the principle of legal regulation, causing the complication of cyclical turnover. However, when applying the requirements for regulating the property status of participants in a circular flow, the measure of liability - penalties, losses and unjust enrichment - continues to raise questions. Using the example of resolving disputes under construction contracts, the authors of this article show that the potential of the protective mechanism for compensation for losses has not been fully disclosed; in particular, it is an effective legal means of bringing the parties into a position of proper fulfillment of the obligation. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to determine the potential for a more complete application of the civil remedy for the recovery of damages. Methodology. Achieving this goal was ensured by the use of general scientific and specific scientific research methods: dialectical, formal-logical, comparative legal, and the method of scientific analysis. Results. When considering the possibility of compensation for losses under a current contract, it is concluded that the main idea of compensation for losses, in addition to compensation for property damage (expenses), is to bring the parties to the contract into a position of proper fulfillment of the obligation. It is this understanding of this protective mechanism that meets the goals of effective protection of the rights of participants in property transactions. Conclusion. Current legislation reflects the universal nature of such a legal remedy as compensation for damages. However, in many cases it continues to be applied by courts with extreme caution. To avoid unjustified narrowing of the use of this protective mechanism in contractual obligations, based on modern trends in the development of law, compensation for damages should be considered as a result of bringing the parties to the position of proper performance of the obligation.

Role of Working Capital Management in Enhancing Firm Profitability: An Empirical Study on the Manufacturing Companies of Pakistan

Working capital management is a crucial instrument and one of the key aspects of any business management. It is considered as an accounting technique to maintain the organization's liquidity and financial balance and is regarded as a critical part of financial management in the company. This study emphasizes on investigating the role played by working capital management in enhancing the profitability of companies from the manufacturing sector listed in Pakistan stock exchange during the period 2018-2022. Return on equity and return on assets are used as the profitability measures; however, account receivable turnover, inventory turnover and cash conversion cycle are used as the measures of working capital management. To evaluate the results, the least square regression model is used. The results show that inventory turnover has a significant positive association with both ROA and ROE, which implies that inventory management and sales acceleration have a positive effect on the company's return on assets and return on equity. Similarly, the association of accounts receivable turnover with ROA and ROE is also significant and positive, demonstrating that good credit management and prompt receivables collection improve the return on equity and assets. The research also reveals a significant positive association of both ROA and ROE with the cash conversion cycle. Higher returns on assets and equity are connected with a higher cash conversion cycle. The results suggested that the managers should speed up the collection of receivables as quickly as possible and quickly sell the inventory so that the cash thus generated can be reinvested in productive assets, which can increase the company’s profitability. The study's findings provide an important guideline to financial managers in managing the appropriate level of working capital to enhance firms’ profitability.

Biological Impact of Organic Extracts from Urban-Air Particulate Matter: An In Vitro Study of Cytotoxic and Metabolic Effects in Lung Cells

Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) with diameters below 10 µm (PM10) may enter the lungs through inhalation and are linked to various negative health consequences. Emergent evidence emphasizes the significance of cell metabolism as a sensitive target of PM exposure. However, the current understanding of the relationship between PM composition, conventional toxicity measures, and the rewiring of intracellular metabolic processes remains limited. In this work, PM10 sampled at a residential area (urban background, UB) and a traffic-impacted location (roadside, RS) of a Portuguese city was comprehensively characterized in terms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and plasticizers. Epithelial lung cells (A549) were then exposed for 72 h to PM10 organic extracts and different biological outcomes were assessed. UB and RS PM10 extracts dose-dependently decreased cell viability, induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, caused cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, and modulated the intracellular metabolic profile. Interestingly, the RS sample, richer in particularly toxic PAHs and plasticizers, had a greater metabolic impact than the UB extract. Changes comprised significant increases in glutathione, reflecting activation of antioxidant defences to counterbalance ROS production, together with increases in lactate, NAD+, and ATP, which suggest stimulation of glycolytic energy production, possibly to compensate for reduced mitochondrial activity. Furthermore, a number of other metabolic variations hinted at changes in membrane turnover and TCA cycle dynamics, which represent novel clues on potential PM10 biological effects.

ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN MODAL KERJA UNTUK MENILAI RETURN ON INVESTMENT (ROI) PADA PT GUDANG GARAM, TBK YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) TAHUN 2016-2020

This study aims to determine working capital management as measured by Working Capital Turnover, Cash Turnover, Accounts Receivable Turnover, and Inventory Turnover to assess Return on Investment (ROI) at PT Gudang Garam, Tbk during the 2016–2020 period. This study uses quantitative methods. The results of Working Capital Turnover indicate that the calculation of Working Capital at PT Gudang Garam, Tbk is in "not good" condition. The results of Cash Turnover show that the calculation of cash flow at PT Gudang Garam, Tbk is in "good" condition. The results of Accounts Receivable Turnover indicate that the calculation of receivables at PT Gudang Garam, Tbk is in "good" condition. The results of Inventory Turnover indicate that the inventory at PT Gudang Garam, Tbk is in "not good" condition. The results of the Return on Investment Turnover show that the calculation of Return on Investment at PT Gudang Garam, Tbk is in "not good" condition. Based on the conclusions from the results of the research, the researchers have suggestions for further improving the effectiveness of the company's overall operations. 
 Keywords: Working Capital Management; Working Capital Turnover; Cash Turnover; Accounts Receivable Turnover; Inventory Turnover Cycle; Return on Investment

Research on the Application of Suning Cloud Commerce Company's Cash Flow Statement

This article is based on research on cash flow both domestically and internationally, with Suning Yunshang as the cornerstone. The enterprise cash flow management materials introduce the cash flow situation of business, investment, and financing activities, identify some problems in the company, and analyze the corresponding reasons: poor awareness of cash flow management, incomplete comprehensive budget system, and long cash turnover cycle. Propose cash flow management and other optimization solutions to promote the company's development.

N6-Methyladenosine mRNA Modification: From Modification Site Selectivity to Neurological Functions.

The development of various chemical methods has enabled scientists to decipher the distribution features and biological functions of RNA modifications in the past decade. In addition to modifying noncoding RNAs such as tRNAs and rRNAs, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been proven to be the most abundant internal chemical modification on mRNAs in eukaryotic cells and is also the most widely studied mRNA modification to date. Extensive studies have repeatedly demonstrated the important functions of m6A in various biological conditions, ranging from embryonic organ development to adult organ function and pathogenesis. Unlike DNA methylation which is relatively stable, the reversible m6A modification on mRNA is highly dynamic and easily influenced by various internal or external factors, such as cell type, developmental stage, nutrient supply, circadian rhythm, and environmental stresses.In this Account, we review our previous findings on the site selectivity mechanisms regulating m6A formation, as well as the physiological roles of m6A modification in cerebellum development and long-term memory consolidation. In our initial efforts to profile m6A in various types of mouse and human cells, we surprisingly found that the sequence motifs surrounding m6A sites were often complementary with the seed sequences of miRNAs. By manipulating the abundance of the miRNA biogenesis enzyme Dicer or individual miRNAs or mutating miRNA sequences, we were able to reveal a new role of nucleus localized miRNAs, which is to guide the m6A methyltransferase METTL3 to bind to mRNAs and to promote m6A formation. As a result, we partially answered the question of why only a small proportion of m6A motifs within an mRNA could have m6A modification at a certain time point. We further explored the functions of m6A modification in regulating brain development and brain functions. We found that cerebellum had the most severe defects when Mettl3 was knocked out in developing mouse embryonic brain and revealed that the underlying mechanisms could be attributed to aberrant mRNA splicing and enhanced cell apoptosis under m6A deficit conditions. On the other hand, knocking out Mettl3 in postnatal hippocampus did not cause morphological defects in the mouse brain but impaired the efficacy of long-term memory consolidation. Under learning stimuli, formation of m6A modifications could be detected on transcripts encoding proteins related to dendrite growth, synapse formation, and other memory related functions. Loss of m6A modifications on these transcripts would result in translation deficiency and reduced protein production, particularly in the translation of early response genes, and therefore would compromise the efficacy of long-term memory consolidation. Interestingly, excessive training sessions or increased training intensity could overcome such m6A deficiency related memory defects, which is likely due to the longer turnover cycle and the cumulative abundance of proteins throughout the training process. In addition to revealing the roles of m6A modification in regulating long-term memory formation, our work also demonstrated an effective method for studying memory formation efficacy. As the lack of an appropriate model for studying memory formation efficacy has been a long-lasting problem in the field of neural science, our hippocampus-specific postnatal m6A knockout model could also be utilized to study other questions related to memory formation efficacy.

Doing primary care integration: a qualitative study of meso-level collaborative practices

BackgroundThe integration of Primary Care (PC) into broader health systems has been a goal in jurisdictions around the world. Efforts to achieve integration at the meso-level have drawn particular attention, but there are few actionable recommendations for how to enact a ‘pro-integration culture’ amongst government and PC governance bodies. This paper describes pragmatic integration activity undertaken by meso-level participants in Alberta, Canada, and suggests ways this activity may be generalizable to other health systems.Methods11 semi-structured interviews with nine key informants from meso-level organizations were selected from a larger qualitative study examining healthcare policy development and implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Selected interviews focused on participants’ experiences and efforts to ‘do’ integration as they responded to Alberta’s first wave of the Omicron variant in September 2021. An interpretive descriptive approach was used to identify repeating cycles in the integration context, and pragmatic integration activities.ResultsAs Omicron arrived in Alberta, integration and relations between meso-level PC and central health system participants were tense, but efforts to improve the situation were successfully made. In this context of cycling relationships, staffing changes made in reaction to exogenous shocks and political pressures were clear influences on integration. However, participants also engaged in specific behaviours that advanced a pro-integration culture. They did so by: signaling value through staffing and resource choices; speaking and enacting personal and group commitments to collaboration; persevering; and practicing bi-directional communication through formal and informal channels.ConclusionsAchieving PC integration involves not just the reactive work of responding to exogenous factors, but also the proactive work of enacting cultural, relationship, and communication behaviors. These behaviors may support integration regardless of the shocks, staff turnover, and relational freeze-thaw cycles experienced by any health system.

Substrate-dependent inactivation of recombinant paraoxonase 1 during catalytic dihydrocoumarin turnover and the protective properties of surfactants

Human paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is the most studied member of the paraoxonases (PONs) family and catalyzes the hydrolysis of various substrates (lactones, aryl esters, and paraoxon). Numerous studies link PON1 to oxidative stress-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, HIV infection, autism, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's, where the kinetic behavior of an enzyme is characterized by initial rates or by modern methods that obtain enzyme kinetic parameters by fitting the computed curves over the entire time-courses of product formation (progress curves). In the analysis of progress curves, the behavior of PON1 during hydrolytically catalyzed turnover cycles is unknown. Hence, progress curves for enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactone substrate dihydrocoumarin (DHC) by recombinant PON1 (rePON1) were analyzed to investigate the effect of catalytic DHC turnover on the stability of rePON1. Although rePON1 was significantly inactivated during the catalytic DHC turnover, its activity was not lost due to the product inhibition or spontaneous inactivation of rePON1 in the sample buffers. Examination of the progress curves of DHC hydrolysis by rePON1 led to the conclusion that rePON1 inactivates itself during catalytic DHC turnover hydrolysis. Moreover, human serum albumin or surfactants protected rePON1 from inactivation during this catalytic process, which is significant because the activity of PON1 in clinical samples is measured in the presence of albumin.

A coupled mathematical model between bone remodeling and tumors: a study of different scenarios using Komarova’s model

This paper aims to construct a general framework of coupling tumor–bone remodeling processes in order to produce plausible outcomes of the effects of tumors on the number of osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and the frequency of the bone turnover cycle. In this document, Komarova’s model has been extended to include the effect of tumors on the bone remodeling processes. Thus, we explored three alternatives for coupling tumor presence into Komarova’s model: first, using a “damage” parameter that depends on the tumor cell concentration. A second model follows the original structure of Komarova, including the tumor presence in those equations powered up to a new parameter, called the paracrine effect of the tumor on osteoclasts and osteoblasts; the last model is replicated from Ayati and collaborators in which the impact of the tumor is included into the paracrine parameters. Through the models, we studied their stability and considered some examples that can reproduce the tumor effects seen in clinic and experimentally. Therefore, this paper has three parts: the exposition of the three models, the results and discussion (where we explore some aspects and examples of the solution of the models), and the conclusion.

Biotic turnover and carbon cycle dynamics in the early Danian event (Dan-C2): New insights from Blake Nose, North Atlantic

Short-lived (104–105 years) carbon isotope excursions (CIEs), many of which are associated with some degree of ocean warming, are a feature of the warm climates of the early Paleogene. Here we present new calcareous nannofossil and geochemical data through the first of these Paleogene carbon cycle perturbations, known as the DAN-C2 event (65.8–65.7 Ma), from ODP Site 1049C on Blake Nose, in the western sub-tropical North Atlantic. Increased Hg/TOC (ppb/%) and Hg/Al (ppb/cps) ratios recorded at 65.9 Ma strongly suggest that volcanic activity, likely related to Deccan Traps, preceded the DAN-C2 event. Approximately 20 kyr after the onset of DAN-C2, Shannon diversity (H) index shows increased nannofossil species richness, with greater abundances of eutrophic and high fertility species, most likely a response to more intense weathering during the event. During the DAN-C2 event, there is a shift towards smaller morphotypes of the dominant placolith species, Coccolithus pelagicus and Cruciplacolithus primus, together with a calcium carbonate dissolution interval. Finally, we suggest that surface ocean currents dynamics, influenced by an eccentricity maxima cycle, is likely a potential mechanism to explaining the strong δ13C (∼1.3 ‰) negative excursion observed in Blake Nose.

Is supply chain finance an antidote to SMEs in the economic crisis? - A qualitative inquiry

PurposeThis exploratory study aims to explore the operational and financial constraints faced by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in India during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper highlights the role of supply chain finance (SCF) in the uncertain business environment caused by the pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts an inductive approach and conducts convergent interviews with 32 SME owners and bank officials who are associated with SME-related financial transactions. The analysis of the interview data has been done through a grounded theory approach.FindingsThe findings portray four key themes representing the operational and financial constraints faced by SMEs during the pandemic. Further, the study identifies four drivers of SCF adoption among SMEs, including capital constraints, high inventory turnover cycle time, high order fulfilment cycle time and long debtors’ collection period.Practical implicationsThe study provides various insights to the managers and owners of SMEs to deal with the economic crisis and eliminate the financial pressure created by the pandemic. The study enlightens the policymakers about the struggles of the SMEs during the economic turmoil created by the pandemic and guides them to introduce the relevant policies to resolve their problems.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to identify the factors driving the SMEs to adopt SCF due to the economic chaos created by the pandemic. Also, the study theoretically contributes to the literature by developing a theoretical framework for SCF adoption based on grounded theory.

Safety Evaluation of Far-UV-C Irradiation to Epithelial Basal Cells in the Corneal Limbus.

Basal cells in the corneal limbus play an important role in the turnover cycle because they are the source of all cells that constitute the corneal epithelium. We examined the penetration depth of ultraviolet (UV) light in the corneal limbus and assessed the safety of Far-UV-C on stem cells in the basal area of the corneal limbus. Rats were irradiated with UV at peaks of 207, 222, 235, 254 and 311 nm while under anesthesia. The UV penetration depth in the rat corneal limbal epithelium was wavelength dependent: 311 nm UV-B and 254 nm UV-C reached the basal cells of the epithelium, and 235 nm radiation reached the middle area; however, 207 and 222 nm UV-C reached only the superficial layer of the epithelium. Porcine cornea, which is similar to the human eye in size and structure, were irradiated with 222 and 254 nm UV-C. As in rats, 222 nm UV-C reached only the superficial layer of the porcine corneal limbal epithelium. These results indicate that Far-UV-C, such as radiation of wavelengths of 207 and 222 nm, could not reach corneal epithelial stem cells, i.e. the cells remained intact. It is unlikely that the turnover of the corneal epithelium is obstructed or disrupted by exposure to Far-UV-C.

Classification of Brain Tumors on MRI Images Using Convolutional Neural Network Model EfficientNet

A brain tumor is a lump caused by an imperfect cell turnover cycle in the brain and can affect all ages. Brain tumors have 4 grades, namely grades 1 to 2 are benign tumor grades, and grades 3 to 4 are malignant tumor grades. Therefore, early identification of brain tumor disease is very important in providing appropriate treatment and treatment. This study uses a dataset obtained through the Kaggle website titled Brain Tumor Classification (MRI). The number of data is 3264 images with details of Glioma tumors (926 images), Meningioma tumors (937 images), pituitary tumors (901 images), and without tumors (500 images). In this study, there are 4 scenarios with different testers. This study proposes the classification of brain tumors using Hyperparameter Tuning and EfficientNet models on MRI images. The EfficientNet model used is the EfficientNetB0 and EfficientNetB7 models with the architecture used are the input layer, GlobalAveragePooling2D layer, dropout layer, and dense layer as well as adding augmentation data to the dataset to manipulate the data in order to improve the results of the proposed model. After building the model, the results of accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score will be obtained in each scenario. Accuracy results in Scenario 1 are 91%, scenario 2 is 95% accurate, scenario 3 is 95%, and scenario 4 is 98%.

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Puerto Rico enabled early detection and tracking of variants

BackgroundPuerto Rico has experienced the full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Since SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, was first detected on the island in March of 2020, it spread rapidly though the island’s population and became a critical threat to public health.MethodsWe conducted a genomic surveillance study through a partnership with health agencies and academic institutions to understand the emergence and molecular epidemiology of the virus on the island. We sampled COVID-19 cases monthly over 19 months and sequenced a total of 753 SARS-CoV-2 genomes between March 2020 and September 2021 to reconstruct the local epidemic in a regional context using phylogenetic inference.ResultsOur analyses reveal that multiple importation events propelled the emergence and spread of the virus throughout the study period, including the introduction and spread of most SARS-CoV-2 variants detected world-wide. Lineage turnover cycles through various phases of the local epidemic were observed, where the predominant lineage was replaced by the next competing lineage or variant after ~4 months of circulation locally. We also identified the emergence of lineage B.1.588, an autochthonous lineage that predominated in Puerto Rico from September to December 2020 and subsequently spread to the United States.ConclusionsThe results of this collaborative approach highlight the importance of timely collection and analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance data to inform public health responses.