Turn Of The Century Research Articles

Threats to Scientifically Based Standards in Sex Offense Proceedings: Progress and the Interests of Alleged Victims in Jeopardy

Abstract In the past, empirical research findings from psychosciences contributed to avoiding erroneous judgments and decisions in criminal proceedings. However, for some time now, developments have arisen that threaten to reverse the achievement at the turn of the millennium that introduced a clear scientific orientation into sex offense proceedings. This article highlights five retrograde developments and uses three examples to illustrate how these developments can interact and, in particular, offer a purported explanation for a lack of memory of experienced abuse. This creates a breeding ground for the formation of false memories that cause suffering in both psychotherapy and criminal proceedings, and it significantly increases the risk of erroneous decisions in criminal proceedings on sex offenses in German-speaking countries.

Longevity and other practical benefits of monolithic silica columns in the analysis of samples with complex matrices.

At the turn of the millennium, the monolithic columns invoked new chances in HPLC. Even more than their organic polymer-based siblings, the inorganic silica-based monoliths targeted the territory of classical fully porous particle-packed columns, promising many benefits. Based on the number of published articles, the monoliths attracted academics just in the first few years after their introduction to the market. Lately, as superficially porous particles and sub-2-micron fully porous particles dominated the market, they stayed in the focus of routine laboratories and those who really appreciated the high porosity of the monolithic bed. The monoliths' practical benefits cannot be easily traced in the literature when they gradually lose academics' interest. Nevertheless, after more than 20 years of our experience, we still favor silica monoliths for their low back pressure and longevity when analyzing samples of clinical, pharmaceutical, and environmental origin. At the same time, the high permeability of monoliths enabled the birth of sequential injection chromatography, the medium-pressure separation technique based on the flexible flow manifold. This minireview aims to check, discuss, and summarize the practical aspects of monolithic silica columns in HPLC and medium-pressure sequential injection chromatography (SIC) that may not be visible at first sight but are evident retrospectively.

Cosmic Prison Break: From Gnostic Movies to Conspiracist Cosmology

The article thematically and structurally analyses a group of films usually designated as “gnostic films”. These films share a common ideology as they postulate the existence of two worlds – one illusory and the other true. The hero must escape the false world and reach the true one. As the majority of gnostic films appeared at the turn of the millennium, the article also suggests what contributed to the emergence of these films. As the cosmology of the films bears a close similarity to the cosmology of conspiracy theories, the emergence of the films is shown to be a part of the sociocultural development of the conspiracist mindset entering the mainstream. In the 1990s, conspiracism was out of the closet and gained popularity, but it was not yet perceived as an imminent societal threat and therefore was not a taboo for Hollywood filmmakers. The 1990s were also the decade of a unipolar world order where the absence of an inimical Other engendered anxiety about the system itself, which is reflected in the analysed films.

Injection anatomy-a new discipline in aesthetic medicine

The basic anatomical understanding of aesthetic medicine has changed fundamentally since the turn of the millennium. With the advent of modern minimally invasive injection procedures using botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid fillers, anatomical structures that had previously received little attention and were not considered relevant have steadily gained in importance and moved into the scientific focus. Understanding the three-dimensional arrangement of the face with its defined anatomical layers and compartments serves the procedural dermatologist in the sense of anavigation system to optimize treatment success and patient safety when performing aesthetic injections in the facial region. The principles of the biomechanical interaction of the structures are of elementary importance in the creation of individual treatment plans for the implementation of natural and balanced therapeutic results. Modern injection anatomy as an interdisciplinary subject of the three fields of anatomy, dermatology and plastic surgery makes adecisive contribution here.

Late Europeans and Melancholy Fiction at the Turn of the Millennium by Ian Ellison (review)

Late Europeans and Melancholy Fiction at the Turn of the Millennium by Ian Ellison (review)

Sámi Literature in Norwegian Language Arts Textbooks

Sámi Literature in Norwegian Language Arts Textbooks

Mobilfunk ja – aber Masten und Antennen bitte nicht hier! Diskursive Aushandlungsprozesse um die Standortwahl von Sendeanlagen in Deutschland

A stable and nationwide mobile network coverage is increasingly regarded as essential. This requires an expansion of mobile networks throughout the country. However, the installation of masts and antennas has often been the subject of conflict in Germany, especially due to fears about potential health effects of electromagnetic fields. Transmitters become both a trigger and a target of social protests. From a discourse-theoretical perspective, we identify central lines of argumentation in the German cellular network conflicts. A triangulation of quantitatively oriented and qualitative analysis components forms the methodological basis. Regional case studies provide an opportunity to identify local differences. A comparison of past and recent conflicts reveals discursive shifts over time. Debates about the possible health effects of mobile radio were particularly contentious in the context of UMTS mobile phone expansion at the turn of the millennium. The (planned) installation of transmitters at the local level often sparked this discussion. During the expansion of the 5G network, in addition to the debate about the health risks of the technology, questions are now being raised about whether and to whom the expansion is necessary. Compared to the previous period of investigation, local conflicts about transmitters now appear to be less virulent and can be found primarily in southern and southwestern Germany.

Gaia and Political Sociology

If one had to discern a center of gravity in Bruno Latour’s voluminous and multi-layered work, one could find it in the question of the political. At first glance, this may seem unexpected. After all, it is only with his decidedly political texts since the turn of the millennium that many have become aware of the political dimension of his work. Yet, Latour’s most recent work leaves no doubt that there is no way around the topic of politics (anymore) in the discussion of his writings in general. Given the death of Bruno Latour on October 9, 2022, this genuinely political dimension of his work will be re-examined in the following. In doing so, I would like to address some strands of Latour’s political sociology while emphasizing that he is to be understood as a political sociologist through and through – and not just in passing.

E-Commerce Shopping Intentions in the Industrial 4.0 Era: An Analysis of the Impact of Millennium Attitudes

The rise of the millennial generation defined the fourth industrial revolution. This generation is known as a generation that is innovative, creative and likes freedom. The contemporary generation, often known as the millennial generation or the generation that was born at the turn of the millennium, is currently exhibiting highly noticeable shifts in consumer lifestyles. Digital technology is simultaneously beginning to permeate many facets of life in this time period.This study uses quantitative data. The sample used in this study was 300 millennial generation respondents at a private university in Surabaya. The results: trust, price and service quality have a significant effect on the online buying attitude of the millennial generation, subjective norms have an effect on the online buying interest of the millennial generation and attitudes have a significant effect on the online buying interest.

Controlling market power in the digital economy: The EU and Asian approaches

Since the turn of the millennium, digitalisation has not only radically changed economies across the world but also allowed for the rise and proliferation of digital platforms. While clearly adaptable, a perception has emerged that existing competition laws are inadequate to accommodate tech giants’ unique market positions and market power, feeding calls to not rely solely on these. The European Union (EU) has replied by adopting the Digital Markets Act (DMA), allowing for the designation of digital gatekeepers based on turnover and user numbers. In contrast, Asian countries like Korea and Japan have opted to rely on the notion of ‘superior bargaining power’ to check market power in the digital realm. While serving the same objective, the Asian approach differs by replacing the need to identify dominance as a precondition for enforcement actions. In contrast, the DMA will be applicable on an ex-ante basis but allow for concurrent policing under traditional competition law ex-post. This paper explores the matter of market power in the digital sphere and the different paths chosen to control it in Europe and Asia, focusing on the example of Korea with respect to the latter. Through a comparative study, we conclude that they are perhaps less different than initially perceived, diverging mostly in their form rather than their content or reach. However, the DMA also serves to suppress the proliferation of national legislation thwarting the European Single Market and debasing competition law. The latter could be a consequence of pressing competition laws to accommodate the special particularities of the digital economy.

Scrubbing away the differences? Identity and othering in Israeli cleanliness education, past and present

ABSTRACT This article examines latent ideologies in the teaching of health and cleanliness in the Israeli educational system. It compares second-grade school readers before and after the turn of the millennium, posing three questions: What pedagogical approaches were used in both periods to instil the values of health and cleanliness? In what ways have the topics of health and cleanliness changed over time? How has the teaching of these topics acknowledged diversity with respect to ethnicity and skin tone in each period? The findings reveal a significant shift from an education based on fear to one based on safety, from colourism to inclusiveness, and from particularism to universalism. However, the findings also indicate that prioritising universalism over multiculturalism in new readers may overlook the diverse and complex nature of Israeli society and potentially uphold existing social hierarchies and enhance a sense of alienation among children.

„Uns ist ein Kind geboren“

The term natality which Hannah Arendt discussed in her work The Human Condition (German: Vita activa) has been intensively received in theology, in the period after the turn of the millennium. This contribution examines the process of reception, focussing on the question, whether Arendt should be understood as an initiator of the term only or whether she shows a deeper religious Jewish/Christian understanding in her work that would justify theological interpretations. The latter should rather be questioned. Meanwhile, the concept of natality can be continued theologically with regards to an ethics of fragility and dependency.

Moving Beyond the four walls: The evolving impact of supplier sustainability on firm value

Stakeholders are increasingly holding firms accountable for the sustainability performance of their suppliers, calling for increased levels of transparency and higher standards of social and environmental sustainability. This research focuses on the effect of supplier sustainability on focal firm value, and whether it differs from the effect of focal firm sustainability. The authors use an event study methodology to investigate 3986 positive and negative environmental and social sustainability event announcements from 1994 to 2013. The results suggest that supplier sustainability performance was not related to focal firm value at the beginning of this time period. However, after the turn of the millennium, the authors find a significant relationship between supplier social sustainability and focal firm value. Notably, focal firm value is not as heavily affected by supplier environmental performance. This long-term multi-faceted comparison provides empirical evidence informing firms on how they can best allocate their monetary and strategic resources to specific categories of supply chain sustainability in a way that maximizes focal firm value.

Efficient, Neutral, Hyperbolic: Building the European Central Bank

The building of the European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt am Main is the result of a complex process that intersects and amplifies a set of issues concerning the relation between architecture and power at the turn of the millennium. From the initial competition, launched in 2002, to the inauguration of the tower designed by Coop Himmelb(l)au, this case highlights the reluctance, on the part of the institution, to use architecture to project power and showcase its mission. This hesitancy relates to the ECB's particular status as a supranational institution, operating between multiple national identities. While assuming an increasingly political role, the bank tried to present itself as a neutral, technical body, responding to a model of depoliticized governance. All that matters is what the institution does, not what it is. On a parallel level, this functionalist outlook aligned with a contemporaneous shift in architectural practice and thought. The traditional concern with representation was challenged by an evolving notion of materialism, which set aside questions of meaning in favor of questions of performance. All that matters is what buildings do. From this perspective, the performance of the technical infrastructure is believed to be the primary source of meaning, for both the institution and the architecture that housed it. The unfolding of the ECB project, however, revealed the limitations of such approaches. Given the importance of the bank within the governance of the European Union during a time of economic crisis, the building site became the stage for multiple symbolic rituals and forced a difficult reflection on the image of the European community. Despite the efforts to blend in and neutralize architecture, as in the case of the euro banknotes, the building process pushed the ECB to start addressing its unique political dimension, beyond reductive notions of technical efficiency.

Dance Technique and Power Dynamics in Higher Education: A Literature Review

Abstract Since the turn of the millennium, there has been a heightened emphasis on the quality of teaching and learning in higher education, with an urge to reform the relationship between teachers and students. During this same period, a growing body of research has been conducted on unequal power dynamics in the teaching of dance technique. In this study, I am doing a literature review of 20 articles published between 1998 and 2020, which especially addressed dance technique and power dynamics in the context of higher education. I am particularly exploring strategies proposed in the literature to challenge unequal power dynamics within dance technique training in higher education. Through a thematic analysis of the articles, I have identified three clusters of strategies in the material: reflexivity of traditions in dance, activity, and embodiment. The research shows that there is a rather high interest in continuing and reforming the teaching of dance technique, and that there are several examples of empirical research related to heightening the students’ activity in their learning process. However, there is still a need for more research on this topic, especially concerning the connection between embodiment and empowerment.

Analysis of Mary Halvorson's Improvisational and Compositional Style

Mary Halvorson has established herself as one of the leading figures of free improvised music since the turn of the millennium, winning DownBeat Magazine’s Best Guitarist category in 2017, 2018 and 2019 and receiving a “Genius” Grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation in 2019. Despite these accolades—and the many reviews of her albums and performances, interviews, and opinion pieces in the jazz press—there has been a marked dearth of scholarly literature dedicated to analyzing her music and her guitar playing to date. This article is intended to open the door to a more critical discourse about Halvorson’s artistry, achievements, and her position in the intersecting jazz, avant-garde, and free improvising communities. Throughout, I draw extensively on interviews I conducted with Halvorson and one of her early mentors, guitarist/educator Joe Morris as well as my own transcriptions of her work to detail how Halvorson approaches composing and interpreting music in a meticulous manner while still preserving space for the adventurous and sometimes chaotic aesthetic of free improvised music.

Being bad during Ramadan: Temporality, historicity and the refusal of coevalness in the anthropology of Islam

ABSTRACTWary of the ‘denial of coevalness’ associated with earlier anthropology, anthropologists at the turn of the millennium increasingly emphasized how sharing not just space but also time is constitutive of the ethnographic encounter. However, drawing on online and offline fieldwork conducted in Jordan, I use the tensions between a blood feud and the holy month of Ramadan to illustrate how humans often refuse to inhabit each others’ histories and temporal schemes regardless of the presence of anthropologists. I argue that discomfort with acknowledging such refusals of coevalness has increasingly hobbled anthropological description, especially at a time when new communications technologies are re-shaping human experiences of sharing (and not sharing) space and time. I suggest that anthropologists would benefit from following many of the Jordanian Muslims I encountered in attending to how one does not ‘share time’ with various others – as well as the ways in which one does.

The changing policy ideals for parental cooperation in early childhood education and care

How parents spend time with their children, what they teach their children and how they raise them in the early years have again become topics of policymaking and public debate. There is an intensive discussion about parental involvement in early childhood education and care (ECEC). The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s Starting Strong series provides ECEC policy guidelines for national governments that include guides for parental involvement. With inspiration from the sociocultural policy approach, this paper suggests that there has been a shift in the Starting Strong series from underlining policy ideals for parental partnership to focussing on the learning environment. This paper examines how these transnational ideals (re)appear, transform and shift in the ECEC policy documents released in the first two decades of the 21st century in two Nordic countries: Denmark and Finland. Both Nordic countries have been involved in the Starting Strong series since the turn of the millennium. The paper also outlines how transnational ideals have become entangled in policy documents in these Nordic contexts in varied ways and how parental involvement is politicised across each of the two countries. We argue that this politicisation not only marks an intensification in parenting but also attempts to institutionalise the ECEC–family relationship, implying that the parent as well as the child must be enlightened. Thus, we seek to question the process of problematising the parent and the child’s home in the policies and to enable new thinking and action to address this issue.

Living the Dream: The Contested History of Martin Luther King Jr. Day by Daniel T. Fleming

Reviewed by: Living the Dream: The Contested History of Martin Luther King Jr. Day by Daniel T. Fleming Marvin T. Chiles Living the Dream: The Contested History of Martin Luther King Jr. Day. By Daniel T. Fleming. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2022. Pp. [x], 326. $29.95, ISBN 978-1-4696-6781-2.) Civil rights historiography began in the 1950s with biographies of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., a genre known to experts as King studies. The social history movement of the 1970s shifted civil rights historiography toward a focus on Black female activists, the grass roots, and litigation. However, more recent discussions about memorialization have allowed Daniel T. Fleming to reintegrate King studies into the field in Living the Dream: The Contested History of Martin Luther King Jr. Day. Fleming assures readers that, like King’s life, the holiday “has a history of its own”—a history interconnected with America’s transition from the civil rights era to the age of antiracism (p. 11). King’s legacy is riveted to the meaning of his birthday as a national holiday. Moreover, King has been “co-opted by all” as a symbol showing how far America has or has not moved beyond racism (p. 4). Fleming sides with Jacquelyn Dowd Hall, W. Fitzhugh Brundage, and others in seeing civil rights memorialization as a social commentary about the movement’s successes and failures in the present. He distinguishes himself, however, by focusing solely on the man whose persona defined the original course of the modern civil rights movement and its historiography. Black activists, including King’s widow Coretta Scott King, fought to make King’s birthday a nationally celebrated holiday from the aftermath of King’s death in 1968 to the 1990s. Conservatives opposed these efforts because of King’s known ties to communism and criticism of the American government. Thus, “holiday activists” downplayed King’s radical past and promoted him as a nonviolent proponent of America’s highest ideal of racial equality (p. 21). By the time King’s birthday became a national holiday in 1983 (it was first observed on January 20, 1986), King was no longer thought of as a radical, and neither was the civil rights movement discussed as an incomplete project. Rather, King was held up as a symbol of American exceptionalism during the Cold War. Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush cemented King’s new legacy by “downplay[ing] King’s Blackness” and promoting American global and economic hegemony as “Living the Dream” King had envisioned (pp. 66, 72). [End Page 392] This consensus about King’s legacy ended in the 1990s. President William J. Clinton used King’s holiday to promote federally funded community service programs and to celebrate America’s multiculturalism. Beginning in 1996, Dexter Scott King, the civil rights leader’s second son, monetized his father’s intellectual property, rendering King’s legacy an extension of the neoliberal policies that defined the 1990s. At the turn of the millennium, President George W. Bush evoked King’s name to champion American hegemony and racial reconciliation, just as the first President Bush had years prior. And as Barack Obama framed his own election to the presidency as King’s dream coming into full form, grassroots activists evoked King’s holiday to platform his forgotten radical advocacy for antipoverty priorities and antimilitarism after national tragedies in the 2010s. President Donald J. Trump went out of his way to embrace King as well, but from the reconciliationist perspective cultivated in the 1980s. As different people used King to push their political agendas, his legacy became more distorted and contested. The King holiday is less understood today than it has ever been because holiday activists willingly sacrificed King’s radical legacy for Black representation in America’s memorial landscape. A presentist history about King should have more in-depth discussion of America’s refusal to end poverty and segregation. Nevertheless, Fleming uses the King holiday to show that desires for racial reconciliation collapsed under the weight of good intentions set out by whites and Blacks alike. This is the book’s most important message. This jargon-free volume is very accessible to both...

Application of Electronic Learning and Educators' Challenges In The 21st Century

The scientific object of learning technology is learning. Learning and learning have experienced extraordinary changes and transformations lately, especially at the turn of the millennium and the beginning of the 21st century. The very rapid development of information technology in this century has had a very significant impact on the world of education. The process of transition from the century of industrialization to the century of knowledge demands that every field in life change very quickly and must be able to adapt quickly. Teachers and students, lecturers and students, educators and students, are required to have the ability to teach and learn in the 21st century. This condition is a challenge and demands educators' involvement in the development of learning technology (PTP). This article uses library research. With data sources from journals, research reports, scientific magazines, newspapers, relevant books, seminar results, unpublished scientific articles, sources, a bibliography, video graphics, and so on.