Turmeric Rhizome Extract Research Articles

Evaluation of Botanicals against Powdery Mildew (Oidium mangiferae Berthet) of Mango (Mangifera indica L.)

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) belongs to the family Anacardiaceae and is a native of the Indo-Burma (now Myanmar) region. The fungal diseases occur in higher proportions leading to huge economic losses for the growers. Out of various fungal diseases, powdery mildew (O. mangiferae) is the most destructive malady encountering almost all the commercial cultivars. In the present study total eight botanicals were tested against powdery mildew under field. Minimum powdery mildew severity (10.83 %) and maximum disease reduction (76.67 %) over control were recorded in treatment with Neem leaf extract at 10 per cent concentration. The next best treatment was Garlic clove extract at 10 per cent concentration which was found on par with Onion bulb extract, Zinger clove extract and Turmeric rhizome extract in per cent disease severity and per cent disease reduction respectively.

Effective Herbal Mouthwash: A Green Approach

Maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial, with plaque buildup and increased oral microorganisms being major contributors to poor oral health. Various herbal extracts, including german chamomile, terminaliachebula, aloevera, green tea, peppermint satva, turmeric, neem, triphala, pomegranate extracts, guava extract, propolis, alum, darim leaves, mulethi, and others, exhibit properties similar to chlorhexidine in controlling plaque and reducing gingivitis. Many herbal mouthwashes contain herbs with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. A combination of neem, tulsi, guava leaves, turmeric and ginger rhizome and clove oil extracts used as a mouthwash has shown to be more effective than chlorhexidine in gingival index, bleeding index and colony count. Therefore, using green herbal mouthwash can enhance oral hygiene without adverse effects. Thus maintaining optimal oral hygiene is crucial for overall health. Poor oral hygiene often results from plaque accumulation and an increase in oral microorganisms. In recent years, herbal mouthwashes have gained popularity for their potential benefits in promoting oral health. This research paper explores the advantage of herbal mouthwash when compared to the standard chlorhexidine mouthwash.

Formulation and Production of Ethanol Extract Derived from Black Turmeric (Curcuma caesia Roxb) for use as an Antibacterial Hand Sanitizer Spray

Formulation and production of an ethanol extract derived from black turmeric (Curcuma caesia roxb) for use as an antibacterial hand sanitizer spray were successfully performed. The method used is the maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. Formulation of rimpang kunyit hitam (Curcuma caesia roxb) ethanol extract was formulated into four formulas: without extract, 10%, 8%, and 6% ethanol extract. The results showed that the ethanol extract of black turmeric rhizome with the phytochemical screening method contained flavonoids and alkaloids, which had antibacterial activity. Formulation of rimpang kunyit hitam ethanol extract in hand sanitizer spray with a concentration of 10% has a more significant inhibition zone compared to other concentrations, namely 9.9 mm in Escherichia coli and 9.8 mm in Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.

Determination of Total Phenolic Content of Ethanol Extract of Black Turmeric Rhizome (Curcuma caesia Roxb.) by Folin-Ciocalteu Method Spectrophotometrically

Due to the high concentration of secondary metabolites present in nearly every part of the plant, black turmeric (Curcuma caesia Roxb.), a traditional medicinal plant, may provide a natural supply of antioxidants. The objective of this research is to determine the total phenolic content of the black turmeric rhizome ethanol extract using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The extraction was performed by macerating the material in a solution consisting of 70% ethanol. We employed the Folin-Ciocalteu method to ascertain the total phenolic content, which was then represented as gallic acid equivalent (GAE). The research revealed that there were 192 mg GAE/g of total phenolic content in the ethanol extract of black turmeric rhizome. According to the metrics measuring total phenolic content, the black turmeric rhizome ethanol extract may have antioxidant properties. This study provides important information about black turmeric's antioxidant potential which can be used to develop herbal products based on this plant.

Corrigendum: Antifungal evaluation of turmeric rhizome extract against Colletotrichum capsici, the causal agent of anthracnose on red-chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.)

Antifungal evaluation of turmeric rhizome extract against Colletotrichum capsici, the causal agent of anthracnose on red-chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) by Akin, HM, Aggraini D, Wibowo L, Prasetyo J & Suharjo R. 2024. J. Trop Plant Pests Dis. 24(1): 75–81. https://doi.org/10.23960/jhptt.12475-81 In the original article, on page 77, the formula for disease intensity has an incomplete legend. The authors apologize for this mistake and clarify that it does not affect the scientific conclusions of the article. The original version has been corrected

EFFECT OF SELECTED NATURAL EXTRACTS ON ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND SENSORY QUALITY OF VARIOUS CEREAL PRODUCTS

The aim of this study was to observe antioxidant properties as well as possible changes in sensory quality of selected bakery products after their enrichment with chosen natural extracts. Four types of natural extracts in mixture with wheat flour were used in various amounts for preparation of selected bakery products (wheat bread, sweet biscuits, salty crackers, and muffins). Specifically: turmeric (Curcuma longa, L.) rhizome extract (curcumin), quercetin dihydrate extracted from the pods of Sophora japonica, L., and extracts from medicinal fungus Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) and Maitake (Grifola frondosa) were used as additions. Antioxidant properties in total antioxidant activity (TAA; using DPPH radical scavenging assay), total polyphenols content and total phenolic acids content were examined, as well as the effect of selected natural extracts on the sensory properties of bakery products (intensity of certain characteristics and overall preference). The results of antioxidant properties varied according to the used extract and its amount. Compared with control products, the TAA was significantly higher in all enriched products. While the total polyphenol content was the highest in the bread and biscuits with quercetin (20.623 mg and 18.117 mg GAE.g-1, respectively), the total phenolic acids content was the highest in those with curcumin (8.846 mg and 3.286 mg CAE.g-1, respectively). The intensity of other smell and taste of enriched bakery products influenced considerably overall acceptance, e.g. the products with quercetin associated with bitter taste were evaluated as unfavourable. On the other hand, the breads and crackers with Shiitake extract with indistinct antioxidant properties were evaluated the best, followed with curcumin and Maitake extract. Considering our overall results, we can recommend chosen non-bakery raw materials for a production of new, innovative designed cereal-based products.

Assessing Antioxidant and Pour Point Depressant Capacity of Turmeric Rhizome Extract in Biolubricants

Natural polyphenols found in plants are secondary metabolites and act as natural antioxidants. Phenols prevent lipid oxidation by donating their hydrogen to free radicals generated between reactions of oxygen with unsaturated fatty acids. This work aims to examine turmeric extract for its capacity to act as an antioxidant and pour point depressant additive in biolubricants. The study involved extracting turmeric rhizome and analyzing the extract using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques to identify phenolic compounds and the nature of bonds in terms of abundance peak areas. The yield of concentrated turmeric rhizome extract by weight was 3.7%. The FTIR analysis revealed O-H band at 3336 cm−1, C-H asymmetric and symmetric stretching at 2940 and 2834 cm−1, C=C cyclic ring at 1680–1515 cm−1. The phenols detected by the GC-MS technique are phenol, 2 -methoxy-3-(2-propenyl) occupying 36.3% area at 16.5 min retention time and Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-, acetate having 3.8% area at 3.8 min retention time. The results show promising capacity of turmeric rhizome extract to act as antioxidant and pour point depressant additive in biolubricants.

Phyto-extracts for Managing Alternaria Leaf Spot on Mung Bean

The present study was investigated to evaluate the effect of selected phyto-extracts for the management of Alternaria leaf spot on mung bean caused by Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, under field conditions. Three replications of mung bean were planted in a randomized block design. At the research plot of the Central Research Field, Department of Plant Pathology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during Zaid season of 2023. The effect of neem leaf extract, onion bulb extract, ginger rhizome extract, garlic bulb extract, turmeric rhizome extract and Mancozeb were compared and tested the plant height (cm), pod length (cm), disease intensity (%) and B:C ratio recorded at 45, 60 and 75 DAS interval. The effect of foliar spray of T4–garlic bulb extract @ 10% was found the best for managing Alternaria leaf spot of mung bean under field conditions as minimum disease intensity (34.4%), maximum plant height (65.4cm), pod length significantly increased (8.4cm) and highest B:C ratio (1:2.05). Followed by minimum disease intensity (35.5%), plant height (60.9cm), pod length (7.8 cm) and highest B:C ratio (1:1.97) was recorded in T1–neem leaf extract @ 10% followed by T5–turmeric rhizome extract @ 10% when compared to (Treated check) T6–Mancozeb @ 0.2% and (Untreated check) T0–control. Overall results revealed that T4–garlic bulb extract @10% is significantly effective against A. alternata (Fr.) Kessler.

Analysis Of Antioxidant Activity Of A Combination Of Turmeric Rhyme Extract (Curcuma Domestica Val.) And Katu Leaves (Sauropus Androgynus) As Additional Therapy For Type 2 Dm

The importance of reform in the health sector will be ammunition in realizing the Society 5.0 era. In Indonesia, there is currently an epidemiological transition which is causing a shift in disease patterns, namely an increase in degenerative diseases, one of which is diabetes mellitus. It is hoped that the creation of an innovative herbal drink combining turmeric rhizome and katuk leaves will be an additional therapy for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this research is to analyze antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The research was carried out by analyzing antioxidant activity based on the IC50 value. The samples in this study were turmeric rhizome extract (Curcuma domestica Val.) and katuk leaf extract (Sauropus androgynus). There were 3 test samples, namely turmeric rhizome extract (sample 1), katuk leaf extract (sample 2) and a combination extract of turmeric rhizome and katuk leaves (sample 3). Based on the research, IC50 values were obtained from three formulations, namely sample 1 of 40 ppm, sample 2 of 40 ppm and sample 3 of 30 ppm. These results were also compared with the standard antioxidant activity of vitamin C used at 20 ppm. Based on the three samples with antioxidant activity results, sample 3 has the best antioxidant activity compared to samples 1 and 2 so that it can inhibit free radical

Antifungal evaluation of turmeric rhizome extract against Colletotrichum capsici, the causal agent of anthracnose on red-chili peppers (Capsicum annum L.)

This study was conducted to evaluate the antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract of turmeric rhizome against Colletotrichum capsici Syd. and its efficacy in reducing anthracnose disease development on red chili peppers. The in vitro experiment aimed to determine the effect of the extract on inhibiting C. capsici growth in potato sucrose agar (PSA) medium incorporating the turmeric rhizome extract. The variables examined were mycelial growth, fungal sporulation, and spore germination. The in vivo experiment aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the extract in reducing disease development on red chili peppers. The treatments were conducted using a completely randomized design with five concentration treatments and three replicates. The variables examined were radial mycelial growth zone diameter, fungal sporulation, spore germination, and disease intensity. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, and the least significant difference was used for comparing means between treatments. The results of these experiments showed that ethanolic turmeric rhizome extract exhibited antifungal activity against C. capsici both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Turmeric rhizome extracts with concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% significantly inhibited mycelial growth, and even at a 4% concentration, C. capsici fungal colonies did not grow. Evaluation of the effect of the extract on fungal sporulation showed that inhibition occurred at a concentration of 3%, while inhibition of spore germination occurred at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%. Application of turmeric extract at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% effectively reduced the intensity of anthracnose on red chili.

Inhibitory potential of turmeric extract (Curcuma domestica Val.) toward the growth of Streptococcus gordonii bacteria

Introduction: Dental caries is a disease caused by damage to the hard tissue of the teeth by the metabolic activity of bacteria, one of which is the cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus gordonii. Turmeric is one of the most popular spices in Asia with good antibacterial capabilities. Turmeric content such as curcumin can inhibit bacterial growth. Objective: To determine the potential inhibitory power of turmeric extract on the growth of Streptococcus gordonii. Method: The research is carried out using in vitro laboratory experimental analytical research with a posttest only control group design. The research determined the effect of turmeric extract concentrations of 50%, 12.5%, 3.125%, 0.78% against Streptococcus gordonii bacteria on agar media. Statistical data analysis is carried out to determine whether there was a significant effect of turmeric extract on the inhibition of the growth of Streptococcus gordonii bacteria in each treatment. Results: There was a significant influence on the test results between groups of turmeric extract concentration on the inhibitory power of Streptococcus gordonii bacteria. Conclusion: Turmeric extract can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus gordonii. Higher concentration of turmeric rhizome extract which can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus gordonii bacteria more effectively.

The Efficacy of Madeira Vine Leaf Extract Combined with Turmeric Rhizome Extract Gel Topically on Second-Degree Burn Wound in Albino Rats

Burns is now considered one of the most destructive forms of trauma affecting humans and animals. This study aimed to determine the effect of Madeira vine leaf extract combined with 2% Turmeric rhizome extract (MVLTR) gel administered topically on second-degree burn wound in albino rats based on the number of fibroblasts. A total of 25 male rats weighed 200–300 grams were divided into five groups i.e. (C-) was normal skin, (C+) was burn and treated using 1% silver sulfadiazine, (T1) was burn and treated using 1.25% MVLTR gel, (T2) was burn and treated using 2.5% MVLTR gel, and (T3) was burn and treated using 5% MVLTR gel. The burn wound was performed on the right gluteus of rats, and the therapy was applied twice a day topically, starting after the burn wounds were made. Skin samples were collected on day 15. The histopathological examination was performed by counting fibroblast cells and then analyzed using One-way ANOVA, continued with the Duncan test. Based on the results showed that the C- group was significantly different compared to C+, T1, T2, and T3 groups. C+ had a significant difference with the T1 and T3 groups, meanwhile not significantly different from the T2 group. T2 was not significantly different from the C+ and T3 groups. In conclusion, MVLTR gel at 5% concentration has the potential to be an effective treatment for second-degree burns, as indicated by the increased number of fibroblasts.

The Effect of Giving Gel Combination of Binahong Leaf Extract and Turmeric Rhizome Extract on Histopathological Epithelial Thickness in II B Degree Burn of Rattus norvegicus

This aim of this research was to study the effect of giving a combination gel of binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaf and turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn) rhizome extract on histopathology of epithelial thickness which has II B degree burns. Twenty five male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into five groups. K(-) group was normal skin, K(+) group was skin burns treated with 1% silver sulfadiazine, P1, P2, and P3 was skin burns treated with gel combination of binahong leaf extract and turmeric rhizome extract with increase concentration of binahong leaf extract i.e. 1.25%, 2.5%, and 5%, while the concentration of turmeric rhizome extract i.e. 2% for each treatment. The combination gel of binahong leaf extrac 1.25% and turmeric rhizome extract 2% has potential to be an effective treatment for II B burns as indicated by increased of epithelial thickness. Therefore, this study concluded that 1.25% combination gel of binahong leaf extract and turmeric rhizome extract 2% is the effective dosage to increase epithelial thickness on II B healing degree burns wound healing.

The neuroprotective potential of turmeric rhizome and bitter melon on aspartame-induced spatial memory impairment in rats

Aspartame is widely used artificial sweetener. However, chronic exposure to aspartame led to spatial memory impairment and elevated oxidative stress in the brain. Extract of turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) (TUR) and extract of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) (BM) is known to have antioxidant activity. The present study was aimed to examine the neuroprotective potential of TUR and BM extracts, either as single or as combination, against the effects of aspartame in the brain. Here, Sprague-Dawley rats fed with aspartame (40 mg/kg BW) for 28 days were compared with rats fed with extract and aspartame. To assess neuroprotective potential, rats were given extract 7 days before and during aspartame treatment. Spatial memory was assessed with Morris water maze test followed with H&E staining of hippocampal region. Brain lipid peroxidation and enzymatic activity of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were measured to probe status of oxidative stress in the brain. Aspartame-treated rats demonstrated spatial memory impairment and reduced number of hippocampal cells and elevated levels of MDA, downregulated activity of GPx and elevated activity of AChE. In contrast, animals received both aspartame and extract demonstrated better spatial memory function, higher number of hippocampal areas, increased GPX activity, reduced MDA levels, and decreased AChE activity were observed in the brain of extract-treated rats. Taken together, our results suggest that extract of TUR rhizome and BM fruit exhibit antioxidant activity which may contribute to the neuroprotective effects against aspartame-induced memory impairment in rats.

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) rhizome extract mediated silver nanoformulation exhibits enhanced antifungal property against Rhizoctonia solani and boosts innate immunity of rice

Aqueous extract of turmeric rhizomes exhibits antifungal properties against Rhizoctonia solani at higher concentrations. Nanotechnology offers innovative strategies to improve the antifungal potency of the extract. An eco-friendly green synthesis technique was used to formulate silver nanoparticles from turmeric rhizome extract (SNPTs) and characterized by UV–VIS spectrophotometer, dynamic light scattering (DLS), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). 100 ppm SNPTs can inhibit the growth of Rhizoctonia solani up to 82% in vitro and 77% in vivo. SNPT-treated fungal mycelia had a 1.5-fold higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and a 2-fold decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) with elevated cytochrome oxidase 3 (COX 3) and NADH dehydrogenase 5 (NAD 5) (2 and 5.25-fold up-regulation) expression. SNPT nano-primed rice seedlings exhibited enhanced phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), peroxidase (POX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity with up-regulation of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and pathogenesis-related protein (PR-protein) gene expression. Nano-primed rice seedlings have a sturdy root system with 2.5-fold more callose accumulation. Taken together, the results suggest SNPT inhibits Rhizoctonia and boosts plant innate immunity simultaneously to acquire resistance against the fungal pathogen.

Fitokimia, Kadar Fenolik Total, dan Flavonoid Total serta Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak n-Heksana Rimpang Temu Hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb)

The rhizome of black turmeric (Curcuma aeruginosa) is a plant rich in benefits and has been used as a herbal medicine to treat various health problems. This study aims to obtain the n-hexane extract of black turmeric rhizome and perform phytochemical tests, determine total phenolic and total flavonoid levels, as well antioxidant tests using the DPPH method. Extraction of n-hexane from black turmeric rhizome obtained yield of 4.88%, total phenolic content of 3.01 mg QE/g extract and total flavonoids of 6.31 mg QE/g extract. The phytochemical test obtained positive results for the presence of alkaloids and flavonoids; negative tannins, steroids/triterpenoids and saponins. Antioxidant tests using the DPPH method obtained the percentage of DPPH capture ranging from 76-78%, with the largest percentage value obtained when the extract concentration was 125 ppm, which was 78.02%. This shows that black turmeric n-hexane extract has weak antioxidant activity.

SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL RIMPANG KUNYIT HITAM (Curcuma caesia Roxb.) ASAL LUWU UTARA DENGAN METODE DPPH

The ethanol extract of black turmeric (Curcuma caesia Roxb.) contains flavonoids compounds which are thought to have antioxidant activity.The purpose of this study was to determine the class of chemical compounds and determine the IC50 value of the ethanol extract of black turmeric (Curcuma caesia Roxb.)rhizome from North Luwu using the DPPH method. The research method included extraction by maceration using 70% ethanol solvent. Phytochemical screening using specific reagents and antioxidant activity testing using the DPPH method using a visible spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 515 nm. The results of the phytochemical screening showed that the ethanol extract of black turmeric rhizome contained flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and triterpenoids. The results of the antioxidant activity test showed that the ethanol extract of black turmeric (Curcuma caesia Roxb.) rhizome had an IC50 value of 108.8304 ± 1.24 μg/mL and ascorbic acid of 2.39 ± 0.04 μg/mL.

Efektivitas rimpang kunyit hitam (curcuma caesia roxb.) Terhadap penurunan glukosa darah dan perbaikan ginjal tikus diabetes nefropati

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Diabetic nephropathy is a degenerative kidney vascular disorder that has a relationship with impaired carbohydrate metabolism or sugar intolerance (Diabetes Mellitus). Black turmeric (Curcuma Caesia Roxb.) is widely used by the community as a traditional medicine and has potential as an antidiabetic.Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of black turmeric extract on decreasing blood glucose levels and its effect on improving kidney histopathology in diabetic nephropathy rats.Method: This research was conducted at the Laboratory of the Center for Food and Nutrition Studies, University of Gajah Mada for the period October-November 2022 consisting of 6 groups. STZ-Na induced rats to obtain a state of hyperglycemia. Examination of blood glucose levels using the GOD-PAP method (enzymatic photometric test).Results: The percentage of blood glucose is decreased levels was 16.75% and repaired kidney histopathology was 6.67% as a score mild damage category (1).Conclusion: Black turmeric rhizome extract (Curcuma Caesia Roxb.) can reduce blood glucose levels and improve kidney function at a dose of 400 mg/kg BW.

POTENTIAL TEST OF TURMERIC ETHANOL EXTRACT CREAM FOR WOUND HEALING IN WISTAR RATS

The shape of the wound is different depending on the cause; some are open and closed, and the healing consists of several phases, namely the inflammatory phase, proliferative phase, and maturation phase. Several sources state that turmeric rhizome extract is effective in wound healing. This study aimed to test the potential of turmeric rhizome extract to be effective in wound healing. This type of research is experimental with a Pre-test and Post-test group-control design approach, conducted from November to December 2020. The samples used were turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma Longa) and male white rats. Determination of sample size according to Frederers formula, so the number of pieces was 25 rats, the division of 4 treatment groups and one control group. The data will be analyzed for normality and continued with the ANOVA test. The results of turmeric extract contain chemical compounds of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The results of the Fcount value of 8.442 ≥ Ftable of 2.67, with a p-value of 0.004 ≤ 0.05, state that turmeric extract administration significantly affects wound healing in rats. The optimum concentration of turmeric ethanol extract (Curcuma Longa) that can heal cut wounds in white rats is 6%. The highest percentage of healing on day k-14 was in positive control (Bioplacenton), which was 95%, followed by 6% v/v extract. The cream preparation of turmeric ethanol extract (Curcuma Longa) has an ability that is close to Bioplacenton in healing cut wounds in rats. KEYWORDS: Turmeric Rhizome, Cream, Wound Healing

Anticancer Activity of Turmeric Rhizome Extract (Curcuma longa Linn) In-vitro Against MCF7 Breast Cancer Line Cells

Turmeric or Curcuma longa Linn is one of the native spices and medicinal plants from Southeast Asia. Turmeric contains a compound named curcumin. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a yellow pigment in turmeric that is widely used as a spice, food coloring (curry) and preservative. Curcumin shows various pharmacological effects that have been reported scientifically in research, one of which is as an anticancer. This study aims to perform a cytotoxic test of turmeric rhizome extract (Curcuma longa Linn) in-vitro with the Microtetrazolim (MTT) assay method to grasp and determine the effect of preventing the growth of MCF7 breast cancer cells, so that the IC50 value can be known. In this study, it was found that turmeric rhizome extract can be used as a natural ingredient that has the potential to inhibit the growth of MCF7 breast cancer cells. Turmeric rhizome extract has the effectiveness to inhibit the growth of MCF7 breast cancer cells with an IC50 value of 26.30 ppm. This value is categorized as moderate or moderately active cytotoxic.