Turkish Validity Research Articles

The validity and reliability of the Urostomy Education Scale: a methodological study.

There are no scales used by stoma and wound care nurses to evaluate the stoma care skills of individuals with a urostomy. This study was conducted to investigate the Turkish validity and reliability of the Urostomy Education Scale (UES). The study sample consisted of 66 patients who had undergone radical cystectomy, were in the 0- to 7-day postoperative period, were older than 18 years of age, had no physical or mental disabilities, had no urostomy complications, and agreed to participate in the study. This study used translation and back-translation to determine the linguistic validity of the UES in Türkiye. Expert opinion was consulted for content validity. Then, 2 competent and 2 experienced nurses evaluated the face validity of the scale with 5 individuals with urostomies. Reliability of the scale was assessed using internal consistency, interrater reliability, and intraclass correlation coefficients. The content validity index was 0.81 and α = 0.66 to 0.95 for the Cronbach's alpha of the competent nurse assessment and α = 0.68 to 0.96 in the expert nurse assessment. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) results indicated sufficient and statistically significant agreement (ICC range: 0.6-1) between the evaluations made by the 2 evaluators for each skill. The Turkish version of the 7-item UES is a valid and reliable tool that can be used to determine the self-care levels of individuals with a urostomy.

Turkish validity and reliability study on the quick aphasia battery.

The quick aphasia battery (QAB), which assesses all areas of language in detail and quickly, was developed in English. It has been shown to be suitable for bedside patients. There is a need for a Turkish bedside test that allows for a comprehensive yet rapid assessment of stroke patients in terms of aphasia. The aim of this study was to create a Turkish version of QAB (QAB-TR) and to determine its validity and reliability in Turkish-speaking patients after a stroke. The study was conducted with 188 people aged 41-88 years. Of these, 37 (19.7%) had aphasia (12 chronic, 25 acute), 53 (28.2%) were acute stroke patients without aphasia, and 98 (52.1%) were healthy controls. Internal consistency and criterion validity, test-retest reliability, and inter-rater reliability of the QAB-TR were performed. The language assessment test for aphasia was used for criterion validity. For the inter-rater reliability of the test, two different speech language therapists (SLP) administered the QAB-TR. For test-retest reliability, 2 weeks later, the same SLP who filled out the QAB-TR the first time was administered the test again. To test the validity of the test, correlations between the items and subsections were determined. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to examine the sensitivity and selectivity of the QAB-TR score, and a cut-off value was determined to distinguish patients with aphasia. The inter-rater Krippendorff's alpha value of the QAB-TR total was 0.6754. There was no statistically significant difference (p>.05) between the first and second QAB-TR total scores. The correlation analysis between the QAB-TR subsection scores and the total QAB-TR score (0.244-0.897) revealed statistically significant relationships. The area under the ROC curve was statistically significant and was found to be 0.853 (95% confidence interval: 0.799-0.906). The cut-off point for the QAB score to discriminate between patients with aphasia and those without aphasia was found to be 8.825, with 0.767 sensitivity and 0.765 selectivity (1-0.235). All the study results show that QAB-TR has internal consistency, criterion validity, test-retest reliability, and inter-rater reliability. It can be administered in as little as 15min and provides information about the multidimensional linguistic profiles of individuals. QAB-TR can be used for both clinical and study purposes as a language battery that allows for the measurement of the strengths and weaknesses of Turkish-speaking individuals who have suffered a stroke in basic language areas in acute and chronic periods. It can be easily administered at the bedside for individuals who have just suffered an acute stroke and can facilitate early assessment of individuals in terms of aphasia and early initiation of therapy, if necessary.

Turkish Validity and Reliability Study of the Cyber Pornography Use Inventory-9 (CPUI-9)

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, Grubbs ve arkadaşları tarafından geliştirilen Siber Pornografi Kullanım Envanteri-9’un (SPKE-9) Türkçe formunun dil eşdeğerliği, geçerlilik ve güvenirliğinin incelenmesidir.
 Yöntem: SPKE-9 Türkiye genelinde 4390 kişiden oluşan bir çalışma grubuna uygulanmıştır. Envanter “Kesinlikle Katılmıyorum” ile “Kesinlikle Katılıyorum” aralığında yedili likert tipinde derecelendirilmekte ve bireylerin siber porno kullanım seviyesini ölçmektedir. SPKE-9’un İngilizce ve Türkçe formu arasındaki uyumu incelemek için yapılan Pearson korelasyon katsayıları sonucunda pozitif ve anlamlı değerlere ulaşılmıştır. 
 Bulgular: Orijinali 3 faktörden oluşan envanterin yapı geçerliliğini sağlamak için yapılan faktör analizi sonucunda Türkçe formunda da aynı yapının geçerli ortaya çıkmıştır. Birinci faktör olan “Algılanan Zorlanma” varyansın %47,57’sini, ikinci faktör olan “Duygusal Sıkıntı” varyansın %24,23’ünü, üçüncü faktör olan “Erişim Çabaları” varyansın %10,72’sini açıklamaktadır. Toplam 9 maddeden oluşan üç faktörlü yapı toplam varyansın %82,53’ünü açıklamıştır. Ayrıca yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde üç faktör SPKE-9’u doğrulanmıştır. Uyum iyiliği değerleri kabul edilebilir bulunmuştur (Ki-kare/serbestlik değeri: 3,97; RMSEA: 0,08; NFI: 0,95; NNFI: 0,93; CFI: 0,96; GFI:0,94; AGFI: 0,90). Ölçeğin iç tutarlılık katsayısı Cronbach Alfa değeri 0,84 bulunmuştur. 
 Sonuç: “Siber Pornografi Kullanım Envanteri-9” (SPKE-9) Türkçe formunun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olarak kullanılabileceği bulunmuştur.

Hayvanlara Yönelik Empati Ölçeği Kısa Formunun Geliştirilmesi

This study aimed to develop the short form of the Animal Empathy Scale (AES-SF). To this end, the study first conducted the Turkish validity and reliability analyses of the long scale and the selection of the items for the short form. The construct validity of the eight-item short form of the scale was then tested in a separate sample. The construct validity of the scales was examined in the first sample using principal component analysis and in the second sample using confirmatory factor analysis. In both studies, the convergent validity of the scales was tested with related psychological traits. McDonald’s omega and item-total test correlation coefficients were used to assess the reliability of the scales. Test-retest reliability was also examined for the short form of the scale. The long form of the scale showed a two-factor structure, as did the original scale. The analyses indicated that the long scale was valid and reliable for Turkish culture. The confirmatory factor analysis results of the AES-SF supported the two-factor structure. Convergent validity analyses showed that the relationships were significant and in the expected direction. The correlation coefficients between the scores on the short and long forms of the scale are also high. Reliability scores also indicated that the short form provided accurate and stable measures. Furthermore, the validity and reliability coefficients of the short and long forms are close. According to these results, the AES-SF can be used as an alternative to the long form of the scale.

Season Ticket Holders Satisfaction Scale: Turkish Validity and Reliability Study

Spor organizasyonları, devasa boyutlara ulaşan bir endüstri ve ekonomik faaliyet alanı olarak göze çarpmaktadır. Spor ürünlerini tüketen insanlar da bu endüstrinin en önemli paydaşı konumundadır. Sezonluk bilet sahibi taraftarların en sadık müşteriler olduğu ve kulüp gelirlerinin önemli bir kısmını sağladığı düşünüldüğünde spor organizasyonları açısından hayati öneme sahiptirler. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışmada, profesyonel spor kulüpleri için sezonluk bilet paketi bileşenlerini taraftarların memnuniyetlerine göre belirleyen bir ölçme aracı olarak McDonald vd. (2013) tarafından geliştirilen, Sezonluk (Kombine) Bilet Sahipleri Memnuniyet (Season Ticket Holder Satisfaction) Ölçeği (SBSMÖ) Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya 298 sezonluk (kombine) bilet sahibi taraftar katılmıştır. Hizmet, saha performansı, kişisel katılım, kulüp yönetimi, ev sahibi alt boyutlarından oluşan ölçek, 17 madde ve 5’li Likert tipi değerlendirmeye sahiptir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini belirlemek için yapılan Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA); benzeşim ve birleşim geçerlikleri için Ortalama Açıklanan Varyans (AVE), Bileşik Güvenirlik (CR); ayrışım geçerliği için Maksimum Paylaşılan Varyansın Karesi (MSV) ve Paylaşılan Varyansın Karesinin Ortalaması (ASV) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliğini sınamak için Cronbach’s Alpha ve Spearman Brown analizleri yapılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda “Sezonluk (Kombine) Bilet Sahipleri Memnuniyet” ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu görülmüştür.

Turkish Validation of the Rapid Interactive Screening Test for Autism in Toddlers.

It is important to diagnose autism spectrum disorder at an early age and to start an early intervention program without delay. In this study, we aimed to validate the Rapid Interactive Screening Test for Autism in Toddlers (RITA-T) in a group of Turkish children and found that the RITA-T which has been shown to be a valid and reliable screening test for 18- to 36-month-old children in studies conducted in different countries, is also valid in Turkish children. Similar to previous studies, our results showed that the RITA-T has good sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing children with autism spectrum disorder. We think that our study will contribute to the timely initiation of early intervention programs for many children with autism by enabling a valid test to be used in screening programs.

Psychometric properties of the pediatric ward nurses' caring self-efficacy scale: A Turkish validity and reliability study

PurposeTo translate the 51-item Pediatric Ward Nurses' Caring Self-Efficacy Scale into Turkish and to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the scale in the Turkish population. Design and methodsThe study was conducted with 308 nurses working in the pediatric/pediatric wards of two hospitals in Turkey between September 2021 and January 2022. A Personal Information Form, the Pediatric Ward Nurses' Caring Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Nursing Profession Self-Efficacy Scale (NPSES) were used to determine the care self-efficacy levels of the research sample. ResultsThe Cronbach alpha value of the scale, which was adapted to Turkish culture, was 0.982, and the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.994. Factor loads varied between 0.40 and 0.89. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sample fit coefficient of the scale was 0.963 and the Barlett sphericity test χ2 value was 15,259.02 (p < 0.001). It was determined to have a six-factor structure in Turkish culture and showed good fit indices for the Turkish scale (GFI = 0.93, CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96 and RMSEA = 0.09). ConclusionsThe Pediatric Ward Nurses' Caring Self-Efficacy Scale was found to be valid and reliable for sensitively detecting changes in the care self-efficacy levels of nurses working in pediatric wards. Practice implicationsThe scale can be used by professionals interested in scientific knowledge about pediatric population.

Turkish validity and reliability study of midwifery student evaluation of practice (MidSTEP) tool

BackgroundIn midwifery education, clinical learning environments have a significant impact on students' acquisition of clinical competence and professional self-identity. The Turkish version of the MidSTEP can be used a measurement tool to assess midwifery students' perceptions of their clinical learning environment experiences and the positive effects of preceptor on the professional development of midwifery students. AimThis research was conducted to determine the Turkish validity-reliability of MidSTEP. MethodThis research, which was designed as a methodological study, was conducted with volunteer students studying in the first, second, and third years of midwifery at a university in Turkey. The MidSTEP consists of the Clinical Learning Environment Scale and Impact of the Midwifery Preceptor Scale, each with two subscales. The validity and reliability of the MidSTEP were assessed using Exploratory Factor Analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. ParticipantsIn this study, 205 students were included in the research sample, considering that it may not be sufficient to reveal the factor structure when the number of scale items and the sample size is less than 200. ResultsAs a result of the factor analysis a 26 item measurement tool of two scales and each with two sub-dimensions was achieved. The Turkish version of the MidSTEP Tool matched the original scale in terms of the number of items and factor structure. Conclusions and implications for practiceThe Turkish version of the MidSTEP is a valid and reliable instrument. The measurement tool can confidently be used in undergraduate midwifery clinical education.

Healing After Violence: The Effect of Perception of Social Support on Posttraumatic Growth in Female University Students.

This study investigated the Turkish validity and reliability of the Healing After Gender-based Violence Scale (GBV-Heal) and the relationship between social support perception, posttraumatic growth in university students who are victims of gender-based violence. The study sample consisted of 167 female students who experienced gender-based violence. The Turkish version of GBV-Heal of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.892; the Bartlett Sphericity Test result was determined as χ2 = 195,053, and the obtained variables were found suitable for factor analysis. Perception of social support related to post-violence healing in female university students is effective on posttraumatic growth.

Validity and Reliability of the Marx Activity Rating Scale (MARS) for Patients with Knee Problems

Objective: The Marx Activity Rating Scale (MARS) is a recently developed in English to assess patients’ who have knee problems activity level. However, there is no Turkish validation for it. Materials and Methods: MARS was translated into Turkish language according to the recommended stages by Beaton et al. 100 Patients (mean age, 30.90 ± 10.46) with various types of the knee problems were included. Each participant completed the MARS twice at fourteen day intervals to determine the test-retest reliability using the interrater correlation coefficient and Cronbach's alpha evaluating internal-consistency. Spearman's correlation coefficient was done to measure construct validity between the MARS, the EUROQoL (EQ-5D), the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Scale. Results: A total of 100 patients (37 females, 63 males) completed the Turkish-language MARS. The reliability of the test-retest was 0.905, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.828 at the initial and 0.782 for the retest. High correlations were found between the IKDC and MARS (r =0.253). MARS also strongly correlated with the EQ5D-VAS component score (r =0.265). Floor or ceiling effects were not found for the overall MARS score. Conclusion: MARS is a valid, reliable and might be preferred for patients with numerous knee problems. Keywords: Validity, Reliability, Knee, Activity.

The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Telerehabilitation Acceptance Scale (Health Care Professionals' Form).

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the Turkish validity and reliability of the Telerehabilitation Acceptance Scale Health Care Professionals' Form (TRAS-HP). Methods: Health care professionals between the ages of 18 and 65 years were included. TRAS-HP was used to assess study participants' acceptance of telerehabilitation. Turkish translation of the scale was followed by confirmatory and explanatory factor analyses. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were calculated. Results: Of the participants, 158 (65.83%) were female and 82 (34.17%) were male. Explanatory factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure explaining 71.87% of the total variation with one item removed. Confirmatory factor analysis determined that the model fit indices (the root mean square error of approximation = 0.080, adjusted goodness of fit index = 0.857, goodness of fit index = 0.899, and chi-square/degrees of freedom = 2.516) were satisfactory. The subdimensions' factor loads ranged from 0.78 to 0.82. After confirmatory and explanatory factor analysis, the 16-item TRAS-HP was reduced to 14 items. Internal consistency (cronbach alpha = 0.947) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.927) were extremely high. Conclusions: With this study, the Turkish validity and reliability of TRAS-HP were demonstrated, and it was revealed that they are a suitable tool for determining the acceptance and awareness of telerehabilitation of health care professionals working in rehabilitation.

Palliative care and spiritual care competency measurement among Turkish Nurses: A scale adaptation study.

This study aimed to conduct a Turkish validity and reliability study of the Palliative Care Spiritual Care Competency Scale. The sample of the study consisted of 354 nurses. In the first stage, the forward-backward translation method was used to develop the Turkish version of the Palliative Care Spiritual Care Competency Scale. The comprehensibility, purposefulness, cultural appropriateness, and discrimination of the scale items were evaluated with content validity. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was applied to examine the construct validity of the scale. To evaluate the ability of the scale to give consistent results at different time intervals, the relationship between the scores obtained from the first and second applications was examined with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The reliability of the scale was evaluated with the Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient and item-total score correlation coefficients. The content validity index of the Palliative Care Spiritual Care Competency Scale was found to be 0.98 after expert opinion was obtained. The goodness-of-fit values of the scale were χ2/sd: 3.125; GFI: 0.915; AGFI: 0.875; IFI: 0.926; TLI: 0.905; CFI: 0.925; RMSEA: 0.078; SRMR: 0.054. As a result of CFA, some items were removed from the scale, and a Turkish version of the scale consisting of 14 items and three sub-dimensions was developed. The reliability of the scale over time was evaluated with the test-retest method, and it was found that the inter-response agreement was very good (ICC: 0.981; p<0.001). The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of the scale was 0.89 and the Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of the subscales ranged between 0.78 and 0.85. It was determined that the Turkish version of the Palliative Care Spiritual Care Competency Scale is a short, easy-to-understand, and psychometrically sound measurement tool that can be safely applied to Turkish nurses.

Visual Object and Space Perception” Testinin Türkçe Versiyon Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği

Aim: Although many tests evaluating visual perceptual impairment have been developed in the clinic, it is seen that the tests within Turkish validity and reliability are insufficient. Visual Object and Space Perception (VOSP) Test, which evaluates visual and spatial perception separately, is distinguished from other visual perceptual tests as a sensitive battery. In our study, it is aimed to analyze Turkish cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of VOSP Test, which evaluates visual-spatial functions in stroke survivors and healthy individuals. Methods: Twenty-seven stroke patients with right hemisphere lesions and 54 healthy individuals were included in our study. Criterion validity method has been used to examine the validity. Internal consistency, Cronbach alpha and test-retest methods have been used for the reliability of the test. Results: Eighty-one participants [45 (55.6%) female] have been included in our study. The mean age was 46.04±14.74 years. Turkish version of the VOSP test has been found to be sufficient and reliable according to the Cronbach Alpha Coefficient (0.923). Conclusion: In the light of the findings of our study, it has been concluded that the Turkish version of the VOSP Test is a valid and reliable measurement tool and that this test can be benefited by scientific and clinical studies.

The Turkish Validity and Reliability of the Coronavirus-Related Health Literacy Scale on Health Science Students

Objective: Health literacy is one’s ability to access, comprehend, appraise, and apply health-related information. Health literacy has become an important topic since the COVID-19 pandemic. This methodological study aimed to adapt the Coronavirus-Related Health Literacy Scale (HLS-COVID-Q22) to Turkish. &#x0D; Methods: The sample consisted of 539 students of the faculty of health sciences of a university in Turkey. The study was conducted between December 2020 and May 2021. The content validity ratio was calculated for content validity. The construct and concurrent validity, internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, and ceiling and floor effects were also determined. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed for construct validity. &#x0D; Results: The fit indices indicated an adequate fit (2/df: 4.970.70) and Cronbach’s alpha values (&gt;0.90) were above acceptable limits. Most students had “adequate health literacy” (71.8%). A quarter of the students had “problematic health literacy” (24.5%). The remaining students had “inadequate health literacy” (3.7%). Students with lower levels of health literacy were more likely to have confusion about coronavirus-related information (p

Turkish validity and reliability study of the benign paroxysmal positional vertigo diagnostic scale

Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the Turkish validity and reliability of the benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) diagnostic scale. Patients and Methods: One hundred seventeen patients (67 females, 50 males; mean age: 49.3±12.3 years; range 18 to 74 years) over the age of 18 who were diagnosed or suspected of BPPV, Meniere's disease, vestibular neuritis, or other peripheral vestibular disease were included. Participants filled out the BPPV diagnostic scale. The affected canal and the ear side were determined by performing positional maneuvers to confirm the diagnosis of BPPV. The final version of the scale was created by performing language and content validity, construct validity, reliability, and test-retest analyses of the BPPV diagnostic scale in the given order. Results: Of the 117 patients, 70 were diagnosed with BPPV, 26 with Meniere’s disease, 16 with vestibular neuritis, and five participants with other peripheral vestibular disease. Kendal W for content validity was 0.060 (p=0.700&gt;0.05), and expert opinions showed good agreement. The factor load of the BPPV diagnostic scale was found within the normal range (0.364 to 0.807). Goodness of fit index values were obtained above 0.90. According to this result, the model fit well. The internal consistency Cronbach's alpha (a) coefficient of the scale was 0.716. This value showed that the scale had good reliability. According to the results of the scale, a statistically significant difference was found between the responses of the BPPV group and the other diagnostic groups (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The Turkish version of the BPPV diagnostic scale was found to be valid and reliable. This scale is useful in detecting BPPV and establishing the differential diagnosis. The use of the scale is thought to be beneficial in patients with suspected BPPV but who have difficulties in diagnosis and to support objective tests.

Turkish validity and reliability study of the Infection Prevention Behavior Scale of Individuals (IPBS-I)

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Infection Prevention Behavior Scale of Individuals (IPBS-I) among Turkish individuals. Materials and Methods: This was a methodological validity and reliability study. A total of 309 individuals between the ages of 18-65 who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. The IPBS-I was translated into Turkish using the translation-back-translation technique. Data were collected via the Personal Information Form (PIF), Turkish version of the IPBS-I (IPBS-I-TR), and Protective Behaviors Towards COVID-19 Scale (PBCS). Two weeks later, IPBS-I-TR evaluation was repeated. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed for construct validity, and the PBCS was applied for criterion validity. Its reliability was evaluated using internal consistency, item analysis, and test-retest reliability. Statistical significance was set at p&lt; 0.05. Results: In total, 309 individuals (183 women and 126 men) were enrolled in the study. The mean IPBS-I-TR was 4.09±0.64. The CFA results revealed ᵡ2=167.12, SD=51, and p=0.0001. It was determined that x²/SD was 3.277 in the model and that the model was compatible. The Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (S-RMR)=0.051, Comparative Fit Index (CFI)=0.929, Goodness of Fit Index (GFI)=0.917, and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA)=0.086 were determined to be within the acceptable range. The CFA supported the three-factor structure of the scale. The correlation coefficient with the PBCS was 0.639, confirming the criterion validity of the scale. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the entire scale and three subscales (“Blocking the Pathogen,” “Blocking Transmission,” and “Improving Immunity”) were 0.832, 0.826, and 0.725, respectively. The test-retest reliability of the entire scale and the three subscales was excellent (&gt;0.80). Conclusion: The Turkish version of the IPBS-I was confirmed to have good reliability and validity for evaluating infection-prevention behaviors in Turkish society.

Turkish Validity and Reliability Study of Social Emotional Assets and Resilience Scale-Teacher Form (SEARS-T)

This paper aims to adapt the Social Emotional Assets and Resilience Scale-Teacher Form (SEARS-T) into Turkish and to determine its validity and reliability. The sample of the study consisted of 430 students attending kindergarten and primary school grades 1-4. The standardized values, obtained as a result of the first-order confirmatory factor analysis (Χ²= 3.860.88 sd=773; RMSEA=.10; SRMR=.063; CFI=.98; NNFI=.97) and obtained as a result of the second-order confirmatory factor analysis (Χ²=3.895.94 sd=775; RMSEA=.10; SRMR=.063; CFI=.98; NNFI=.97), confirmed that the scale showed a four-factor structure in Turkish culture similar to its original structure. In order to provide evidence for the reliability of the scale, both Cronbach alpha values and item-test correlations were examined for the sub-dimensions and the total of the scale. According to the item test correlation, it was determined that the scale items served the purpose of measuring the feature to be measured. While Cronbach's alpha value was obtained as .982 for the whole scale, it was obtained as .950 for the responsibility sub-dimension, .953 for the social competence sub-dimension, .957 for the self-regulation sub-dimension, and .921 for the empathy sub-dimension. According to the Pearson Product Moments Correlation coefficient, the correlation coefficients between the sub-dimensions of the scale ranged from .70 to .85, and the sub-dimensions of the scale were found to have high and significant relationships with each other. In light of these findings, it has been revealed that SEARS-T-Turkish is a valid and reliable measurement tool for measuring the social and emotional skills of kindergarten and primary school children.

Validity-reliability of the e-Healthy Diet Literacy Scale in Turkish adults

Introduction: This study aims to establish the validity-reliability of the Turkish version of adult e-Healthy Diet Literacy Scale and to determine its relationship with the Health Literacy Instrument Scale (short-form), the Digital Healthy Diet Literacy Scale, and participants’ characteristics. Ma-terial and Methods: Drawing on a methodological and descriptive design, this research was per-formed in two steps. It was conducted with 240 participants in the first step and 879 participants in the second step. The participants filled out the eHealthy Diet Literacy Scale, Health Literacy In-strument Scale (short-form), and Digital Healthy Diet Literacy Scale. The questionnaire form was sent to the participants online. Results: Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the 11-item e-Healthy Diet Literacy scale was found to be 0.555. There was a significant relationship between the Health Literacy Instrument Scale (short-Form) and age groups, educational level, occupations, marital status, BMI, weekly physical activity and chronic disease status. Conclusions: This study evaluated the Turkish validity and reliability of the e-HDL, which was originally designed in Taiwan as a valid and reliable tool to evaluate the individuals’ ability to access, understand, appraise, and apply healthy diet information.

Turkish validity and reliability study of the nursing home adjustment scale

BackgroundAdapting to a nursing home has a significant effect on facilitating the transition to a nursing home. However, a tailored nursing home adjustment scale for Turkish nursing home residents is not yet available. The purpose of this study was to translate the nursing home adjustment scale from English to Turkish and assess its reliability and validity in a sample of nursing home residents in Turkey.MethodsA total of 202 older adults from four nursing homes were included in this study. The reliability of the Turkish nursing home adjustment scale was tested using Cronbach’s alpha values for internal consistency. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to examine the factor structure, whereas correlation analysis was conducted for convergent validity.ResultsThe Turkish version displayed satisfying internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.88) and perfect convergent validity for life satisfaction (r = 0.482). The Turkish scale included five factors: difficulty fitting in, acceptance of new residence, emotional distress, depressed mood, and relationship development.ConclusionThe findings indicate that the Turkish version of the scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring the level of nursing home adjustment among older adults in Turkey.

Turkish Validity and Reliability Study of Breast Cancer Self-Efficacy Survivor Scale

The purpose of this research was to define the Turkish validity and reliability of the Breast Cancer Self-Efficacy Survivor Scale. The study was methodological design and was carried out in the breast clinic of a university hospital between January-May 2023 in Istanbul. The study included 217 women who were survivor after breast cancer. The scale contains one dimension, eleven items, and is scored on a five-point Likert scale. Translation-back-translation method was used for language equivalence, expert opinion received, and Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were performed for construct validity. Cronbach's α was applied for internal consistency analysis, while Pearson correlation was used for item-total score correlation. The retest was conducted with 55 participants 3 weeks after the initial data collection. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was estimated for test-retest reliability. General Self-Efficacy Scale was used for the convergent validity of the scale. Content Validity Index and Cronbach α reliability coefficient of the scale adapted to Turkish as a result of expert opinions came out to be 0.969, and 0.852 respectively. The correlation coefficients of the scale items were calculated between 0.50 to 0.61. Factor analysis revealed that 11 items with eigenvalues greater than 1 were grouped under 2 factors. Confirmatory factor analysis validated this structure. The study concluded that the Breast Cancer Survivorship Self-Efficacy Scale is a valid and reliable measurement instrument in Turkish society.