Power In Turkey Research Articles

Determination of acceptable operating cost level of nuclear energy for Turkey's power system

Generally, it is very difficult to assess the true operating cost of an electrical power unit in the countries where there is little or no operational experience. Since Turkey has no experience on operating a nuclear unit, operating costs of a nuclear unit is uncertain for use in generation expansion planning (GEP). Furthermore, there is a disagreement of whether it is cheap or not. In this study, an acceptable level of operating cost of nuclear units is determined for Turkey's power system. It is aimed to find a numerical value for nuclear operating cost at which nuclear is able to compete with other energy sources. Seven types of units are chosen as candidate units to the power system. Mixed-integer programming (MIP) is used as a mathematical model of generation expansion planning. The model consists of the cost function that minimizes the construction and operating costs and the reliability constraints. Adaptive simulated annealing genetic algorithm (ASAGA) is used for optimization algorithm to determine the types, times, and number of candidate units which meet forecasted demand within a pre-specified reliability criterion over the planning horizon from 2006 to 2025. In the case studies, a high level of nuclear energy operating cost is taken and then the cost is gradually lowered. Optimizations are made for each level of nuclear operating costs within four different scenarios and the quantities of nuclear capacity selected by optimizations are recorded. It is determined that, nuclear energy is able to compete with other energy sources when the operating cost is less than 210$/kWh yr or 2.4cent/kWh.

Power generation expansion planning with adaptive simulated annealing genetic algorithm

In this paper, an adaptive simulated annealing genetic algorithm is proposed to solve generation expansion planning of Turkey's power system. Least-cost planning is a challenging optimization problem due to its large-scale, long-term, nonlinear, and discrete nature of power generation unit size. Genetic algorithms have been successfully applied during the past decade, but they show some limitations in large-scale problems. In this study, simulated annealing is used instead of mutation operator to improve the genetic algorithm. The improved algorithm is applied to the power generation system with seven types of generating units and a 20-year planning horizon. The planning horizon is divided into four equal periods. The new algorithm provides approximately 6.6 billion US$ (3.2%) cheaper solution than GA and also shows faster convergence.

Umran Anlayışı Perspektifinden Günümüz Türkiye sinde Yaşanan Krizlerin Analizi

ABSRACT: In this article, it is being underlined that Turkey are face to face with social, political economic and cultural crises. As the method of this topic's research, two concepts which were developed by Ibn Khaldun will be used: ilmi umran and asabiyya. To shed light upon the discussion, the content of the asabiyya and the factors weakening it will be studied and enlightened. The main reason paving the way to crisis is argued to be the replacement of essence by form. That is to say, a form matter replaces the essence and so essence starts to weaken. Within this context, it is argued that the regulatory power in Turkey was distorted, which puts itself into the core and define the society to the periphery and form it accordingly. In this study, it is argued that behind crises available in Turkey in different spheres there lies the reversal of this formula. Asabiyya, which is the dynamic of history and sole variable explaining all developments, has been weakened in Turkey. There exist neither rule of law nor well functioning democracy or equity in the economic resources of country.

Turkey, the European Union and Security Complexes Revisited

In 1999, Barry Buzan and the author used Regional Security Complex Theory to argue that Turkey and the European Union (EU) should look for alternatives to full Turkish EU membership. This was based on the security stability that Turkey as an insulator in the international system would provide; on the argument that there was a conflation of westernization and Europeanization in Turkey that served to suppress civil society actors; and on the increasing differentiation of the EU. This article reviews the validity of this argument in the light of the changes that have taken place since 1999 in both Turkey and in the EU, including the constitutional and legal changes and the rise of the Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (AKP) to power in Turkey, and the 2004 enlargement and the agreement of a constitutional treaty in the EU. It is argued that in the light of these developments, the proposals Buzan and the author presented in 1999 were mistaken. The EU should pursue the course of EU membership, as the perspective of such membership is better suited to provide stability and to strengthen civil society actors in Turkey. However, it is also contested that there will be increasing differentiation within the EU, which will affect what the full membership of Turkey actually means.

A Solution to Remote Detection of Illegal Electricity Usage via Power Line Communications

Power line communications (PLC) presents an interesting and economical solution for automatic meter reading (AMR). If an AMR system via PLC is set in a power delivery system, a detection system for illegal electricity usage may be easily added in the existing PLC network. In the detection system, the second digitally energy meter chip is used and the value of energy is stored. The recorded energy is compared with the value at the main kilowatthour meter. In the case of the difference between two recorded energy data, an error signal is generated and transmitted via PLC network. The detector and control system is proposed. The architecture of the system and their critical components are given. The measurement results obtained from Turkey's power lines are given. This paper describes a prototype of the detector system for illegal electricity usage using the power lines. The target of this study is to discover new and possible solutions for the lack of literature concerning this problem.

Art and Power in Turkey: Culture, Aesthetics and Nationalism During the Single Party Era

One prominent intellectual of the early Turkish Republic, İsmail Hakkı Baltacıoğlu, argued that the new Republic should be “a Republic of fine arts.” Indeed, the early Republican project in Turkey perceived culture and art as media through which the Republic could not only represent its achievements but also “create” itself. The present study focuses on the cultural policies and elite perceptions of culture during the single-party regime in Turkey. More specifically, it looks into the developments that took place in the plastic arts and in elite approaches towards aesthetics. This is done in order to shed light on young Turkey's cultural modernization. Examining the interaction between aesthetics and power, this discussion stands at the intersection of political studies and cultural history.

Performance Analysis of FSK Power Line Communications Systems Over the Time-Varying Channels: Measurements and Modeling

Power line communication (PLC) is a communications method where signals are carried across already existing power lines, rather than through other mediums such as optical fibers or radio waves. PLC has been a very important interdiscipline topic for power, communications, industrial, and automation engineers and researchers since the 1980s. Designing and planning optimized or standard PLC systems require information and data regarding signal attenuations, load variations, and communication performance for various locations of the world which have different power networks. In this study, PLC system is modeled by ABCD matrix and simulated via electronics workbench. In order to obtain data from Turkey's power lines, signal measurements at the frequencies of 50-200 kHz are carried out. The effects of load, frequency, line length, and the distribution transformers are examined. The properties of home appliances used in an average Turkish household are experimentally determined. System performance in terms of the bit error probability are calculated for FSK modulation.

Review of legal battleground in Turkey's power privatisation war

Review of legal battleground in Turkey's power privatisation war

Islamist Party Poised for National Power in Turkey

Islamist Party Poised for National Power in Turkey

Regulation of Electric Power in Turkey—A Struggle for Change

Regulation of Electric Power in Turkey—A Struggle for Change