Turbo Pascal Research Articles

Assessment of economic efficiency of combined power plants based on renewable energies

Energy plants based on renewable energy sources can be combined according to the type of energy source (hydro, solar, wind with or without hydro storage). Currently, not enough attention has been paid to assessing the economic efficiency of combined power plants incorporating a hydraulic accumulator. When designing combined power plants, it becomes necessary to choose the composition of such plants and evaluate their economic efficiency. The purpose of this study is to justify the possibility of applying the present value method to select the composition of combined heat and power plants and assess their economic efficiency. The research used the following methods: review, synthesis of existing literature on the subject, system analysis, collection of data on different types of power plants, and calculation of their economic efficiency. A computer program has been compiled with Turbo Pascal 7.0 for the calculations. The calculations have shown that a cost-effective option is a combined power plant based on a wind power plant and a hydropower plant with a hydro accumulator.

Accounting for the energy efficiency of the operation of pumping equipment in the monitoring system of large pumping stations of the Republic of Uzbekistan

An analysis of the works devoted to the study of the technical condition of the pumping stations of the republic shows that at present there is no comprehensive system for monitoring the technical condition of large pumping stations of the republic. The works of the authors are devoted to the study of individual energy parameters, indicators of the technical condition and the level of safety of equipment and structures of pumping stations. The purpose of the research is the development and software of the module “Accounting for the energy efficiency of the operation of pumping equipment” in the system for monitoring the efficient operation of large pumping stations in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The set goal was to solve the following problems: development of a methodology for determining the energy consumption standards of pumps and pumping stations, taking into account the aging of equipment; development of an algorithm for calculating the main indicators of energy consumption of pumping equipment and pumping stations; compiling a program in the algorithmic language Turbo Pascal; creation of forms in the form of spreadsheets for calculating the energy indicators of pumping stations based on the compiled program in MS Excell 2010 and MS Access 2010. According to the developed methodology, the software in the Turbo Pascal algorithmic language, as well as the created spreadsheet forms on the MS Excell 2010 and MS Access 2010 platforms, the energy efficiency of pumping equipment of 12 pumping stations was calculated and evaluated.

Динамическое проникание жесткого плоского ударника в неоднородную преграду по нормали и под углом

The problem of dynamic penetration of a rigid flat striker into an inhomogeneous target along the normal and at an angle is considered. The article presents a mathematical model, differential equations and corresponding Cauchy problems. The algorithm for the numerical solution of the problem is imple-mented in the Turbo Pascal language in the object-oriented environment of the Borland Delphi 7 compiler using graphical tools and high-precision numerical methods necessary for visualizing the results. Verifi-cation of the model is based on an analytical solution for the problem of normal penetration. Based on numerical experiments, rational characteristics of a two-layer target of minimum weight are obtained.

BCH CODES DECODER BASED ON EUCLID ALGORITHM

In the process of algebraic decoding of BCH codes over the field GF(q) with the word length n = qm-1, correcting t errors, both in the time and frequency domains, it is necessary to find the error locator polynomial ?(x) as the least polynomial for which the key equation. Berlekamp proposed a simple iterative scheme, which was called the Berlekamp-Messi algorithm, and is currently used in most practical applications. Comparative statistical tests of the proposed decoder and decoder using the Berlikamp-Messi algorithm showed that they differ slightly in decoding speed. The proposed algorithm is implemented in the environment in Turbo Pascal and can be used for the entire family of BCH codes by replacing the primitive Galois polynomial.

Optimalisasi Antrian Dengan Algoritma Genetika di PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Unit Kelapa Lima

One of the most disturbing problems in queuing at the bank is if the bank provides insufficient number of tellers to serve the customers. It will be obviously put the customers in an uncomfortable situation. To solve this problem the bank could increase the number of tellers but it could bring some loss on the bank side if it then turns out to be excessive although it will meet the demand of the customers. Thus, to find the most optimal solution to solve the problem in queuing system we use genetic algorithm. The main issues raised in this research are how to apply the genetic algorithm in solving the problem of queuing system in PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Branch Kupang Unit Kelapa Lima with Turbo Pascal 7.0 assistance and how to determine the most optimal queuing system by using genetic algorithm with Turbo Pascal 7.0 program assistance that can be applied in PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Branch Kupang Unit Kelapa Lima.
 The purpose of genetic algorithm is to find the individuals with the highest value of fitness, thus the fitness function for the queuing system problem is the inversion of sum between how often a teller does not have customer to take care and the customer’s waiting time in a queue by using the genetic algorithm we could see that the sum of the optimal teller in busy hour is 4 tellers.

Theatres of Control: The Performance of Algorithms and the Question of Governance

Algorithms must be understood in regard to the governance of populations by means of numbers. Turbo Pascal's Algorithmen, a recent performance that experiments with sorting its audience, raises the question of governance and technology in the context of performance. Aesthetic innovation and individual experience are no longer at stake for performance within digital cultures, but rather the constitution and governance of collectivities.

THE SYSTEM OF REGISTRATION OF PARAMETERS OF HIGH-VOLTAGE ACCELERATORS WHEN THE MAXIMUM OPERATING VOLTAGE

The purpose of this work is the development of software and hardware, their further implementation into the system as a separate component of the whole system, and ultimately – the conduct of physical experiments on the accelerator on the cascade generator KG-2.5 with the registration of the main parameters in real time. Development of software in the language Turbo Pascal 7.1 and the introduction of IBM PC into the system makes it possible to transfer the system to a partial automatic mode of the accelerator, and then further improvement of the system will completely transfer it to full automatic mode.

Результати дослідження дефлюкційних процесів на Українському Розточчі напівстаціонарними методами

Modern exogenous geomorphological processes such as chemical and physical-chemical weathering, erosion, deflation, landslides, spasms, karst and suffusion processes and anthropogenically caused processes are common in the territory of the Ukrainian Roztochya. The deflation on the slopes is the most common process for the area. For the research 20 trenches were set up in 1991 on two key areas made up by sand and loess. Further measurements were performed in 1994, 1997, 2006 and 2010 with method mentioned by A. Young (1963). In general the deflation was studied in the loamy sands. The data is processed on a PC using the special program written on Turbo Pascal. It is established that the average value of the displacement of the soil is from 1.27 to 12.53 mm per year. The deflection velocity depends on the steepness of the slopes, their exposure and the nature of the obverse of the soil. The deflation is faster on the slopes of the southern and southwest exposures and its velocity increases with increasing of the slope steepness for the upper part of the slopes. The displacements in the lower part of the slopes are faster caused of the big amount of the humectation. The increase in soil displacement is due to waterlogging denser and more watertight illuvial horizon, as well as features of freezing of the soils.

Áp dụng lý thuyết đổi mới trong quản lý giá trị - kho hàng hóa

In this paper, by the general theory, a method to predict of items which character to value goods are managed by warehousemen is demonstrated. They must be choose the optimal time for the put and sell a lot of goods at their godown. By Turbo Pascal V.5 on IBM PC AT we outperform those results.

Simulating a Potential Step Using Shareware

Simulation of a potential step experiment of an electrochemical system in an infinite solution using explicit method [1] was done. Listing of program in Fortran was compiled using shareware program FORCE 2.0 FORTRAN compiler and editor [2]. Plot of potential step experiment for Z/Zc vs. X for L/n from above mentioned listing is shown. Simulations done by transliterating Fortran [3] into Turbo Pascal will also be discussed. Symbols are as per [3]. [1] W. Breen and J. Cassidy, Simulation of dynamic electrochemical processes, Curr. Top. Electrochem., 9 (2003) p. 47 [2]www.igpp.ucla.edu/public/rwalker/ess261_2007_spring/Force/Force%20Fortran%20Compiler%20and%20Editor.htm [3]A. J. Bard and L. R. Faulkner, Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd Edition, Wiley (2001) p. 793 Figure 1

The Scheme of 10th Order Implicit Runge-Kutta Method to Solve the First Order of Initial Value Problems

Abstract—To construct a scheme of implicit Runge-Kutta methods, there are a number of coefficients that must be determined and satisfying consistency properties and Butcher’s simplifying assumptions. In this paper we provide the numerical simulation technique to obtain a scheme of 10th order Implicit Runge-Kutta (IRK10) method. For simulation process, we construct an algorithm to compute all the coefficients involved in the IRK10 scheme. The algorithm is implemented in a language programming (Turbo Pascal) to obtain all the required coefficients in the scheme. To show that our scheme works correctly, we use the scheme to solve Hénon-Heiles system.Keywords—ODEs, 10th order IRK method, numerical technique, Hénon-Heiles system

Računarsko projektovanje i analiza tensegriti struktura

The paper presents the application of computational tools in design and analysis of integrally tensioned (tensegrity) structures. The shaping process of this specific type of spatial structures is determined by consideration of form-structure interrelation. Therefore, the sustainable approach to their design implies the application of tools which could both represent geometry and simulate their physical behaviour. With respect to this, in the research we tested the application of computational tool Fasttens for design of tensegrity structures. Fasttens programme is based on the computational procedure for non-linear analysis of tensegrity systems originally developed by Miodrag Nestorović. In order to run the original programme written in Turbo Pascal, we performed emulation, using emulator software DOSBox. We tested the application of the tool in the design of concrete tensegrity structure. Presented design and numerical experiment confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

A Methodology for Appropriate Testing When Data is Heterogeneous Using EXCEL

A Methodology for Appropriate Testing When Data is Heterogeneous was originally published and copy written in the mid-1990s in Turbo Pascal and a 16-bit operating system. While working on an ergonomic dissertation (Yearout, 1987), the author determined that the perceptual lighting preference data was heterogeneous and not normal. Drs. Milliken and Johnson, the authors of Analysis of Messy Data Volume I: Designed Experiments (1989), advised that Satterthwaite’s Approximation with Bonferroni’s Adjustment to correct for pairwise error be used to analyze the heterogeneous data. This technique of applying linear combinations with adjusted degrees of freedom allowed the use of t-Table criteria to make group comparisons without using standard nonparametric techniques. Thus data with unequal variances and unequal sample sizes could be analyzed without losing valuable information. Variances to the 4th power were so large that they could not be reentered into basic calculators. The solution was to develop an original software package which was written in Turbo Pascal on a 7 ¼ inch disk 16-bit operating system. Current operating systems of 32 and 64 bits and more efficient programming languages have made the software obsolete and unusable. Using the old system could result either in many returns being incorrect or the system terminating. The purpose of this research was to develop a spreadsheet algorithm with multiple interactive EXCEL worksheets that will efficiently apply Satterthwaite’s Approximation with Bonferroni’s Adjustment to solve the messy data problem. To ensure that the pedagogy is accurate, the resulting package was successfully tested in the classroom with academically diverse students. A comparison between this technique and EXCEL’s Add-Ins Analysis ToolPak for a t-test Two-Sample Assuming Unequal Variances was conducted using several different data sets. The results of this comparison were that the EXCEL Add-Ins returned incorrect significant differences. Engineers, ergonomists, psychologists, and social scientists will find the developed program very useful. A major benefit is that spreadsheets will continue to be current regardless of evolving operating systems’ status.

The influence of oxygen tension on the local regulation of blood flow by shear stress

Introduction and purpose. Vascular response to mechanical stimuli, namely transmural pressure (Bayliss effect) and wall shear stress (response to blood flow), play an important role in regulation of vascular tone. The purpose of the work was to study an influence of hypoxia on the vessel radius and blood flow control by response to shear stress. Methodology/approach. Mathematical simulation was used. The model is based on published data of experiments on small cerebral arteries of rats. The main assumptions of the model are: 1) the vessel is a thin wall cylinder; 2) the radius is controlled by two parameters: concentration of free calcium ions in the cytoplasm of the smooth muscle cells and concentration of nitric oxide (NO) in the smooth muscle layer; 3) the rate of NO production by endothelium is proportional to modulus of shear stress on the vessel wall. The apparent blood viscosity is calculated using the solution of the problem of two-layer flow. The numerical experiments were performed in Turbo Pascal. The main results and discussion. The dependence of vessel tone regulation by response to altered shear stress on oxygen tension is caused by dependence of NO synthesis in endothelium and NO consumption on oxygen concentration. As it follows from mathematical simulation, hypoxia reduces the role of mechanogenic regulation, and the increase of the wall sensitivity to NO makes this effect more appreciable. Calculations performed for typical value of cerebral vessel response to shear stress, show that the fall in oxygen tension from 100 to 30 per cent leads to decrease in diameter by 6 %, in blood flow rate by 11 %. The rheological factors prevent flow rate diminution, but their contribution is very small: less than 3 %. The fall in oxygen tension reduces NO production rate by endothelial cells and NO concentration in the vessel wall. At strong hypoxia (reduction in oxygen tension from 100 to 30 % and less) NO concentration in smooth muscle layer drops by more than 15 %. Conclusions. Hypoxia decreases NO-dependent vessel response to altered shear rate. This effect increases with the value of vessel response to shear stress. The rheological factors impede the decrease of this response.

FRACTIONATION PROCESS SIMULATION SOFTWARE COMPLEX MULTICOMPONENT MIXTURES

Examines different numerical methods and problems of calculation of the rectification columns. The solution of problems in the transition from simple to complex columns, the presence of water in the system of rectification, taking into account the heat balance calculation. Discuss various algorithms of calculations and designed application package for span and design calculation of complexes of columns, to determine the quantity and quality of products, the heat load on the equipment, water vapour consumption thermophysical characteristics of streams and hydrodynamic loads on elements of columns. A pack of five programmes and databases implemented on Turbo Pascal language and updated on the use of languages-Python and c++. Settlement analysis of industrial fractions equipment allows to develop recommendations for improving the efficiency of mass transfer devices, increasing the depth of selection target components and fractions, improving the quality of the products division, as well as lower energy costs. Developed software package implements functions that allow various functions for calculating industrial equipment and on-line to create input file and generate a table of results that enable the development of recommendations to reduce the cost, increase the depth of selection, quality and energy efficiency mass exchange devices.

Automatic Thermal Control System with Temperature Difference or Derivation Feedback

Automatic thermal control systems seem to be non-linear systems with thermal inertias and time delay. A controller is also non-linear because its information and power signals are limited. The application of methods that are available to on-linear systems together with computer simulation and mathematical modelling creates a possibility to acquire important information about the researched system. This paper provides a new look at the heated system model and also designs the structure of the thermal system with temperature derivation feedback. The designed system was simulated by using a special software in Turbo Pascal. Time responses of this system are compared to responses of a conventional thermal system. The thermal system with temperature derivation feedback provides better transients, better quality of regulation and better dynamical properties.

Program realization of mathematical model of kinetostatical calculation of flat lever mechanisms

Global computerization determined the dominant position of the analytical methods for the study of mechanisms. As a result, kinetostatics analysis of mechanisms using software packages is an important part of scientific and practical activities of engineers and designers. Therefore, software implementation of mathematical models kinetostatical calculating mechanisms is of practical interest. The mathematical model obtained in [1]. In the language of Turbo Pascal developed a computer procedure that calculates the forces in kinematic pairs in groups Assur (GA) and a balancing force at the primary level. Before use appropriate computational procedures it is necessary to know all external forces and moments acting on the GA and to determine the inertial forces and moments of inertia forces. The process of calculations and constructions of the provisions of the mechanism can be summarized as follows. Organized cycle in which to calculate the position of an initial link of the mechanism. Calculate the position of the remaining links of the mechanism by referring to relevant procedures module DIADA in GA [2,3]. Using the graphics mode of the computer displaying on the display the position of the mechanism. The computed inertial forces and moments of inertia forces. Turning to the corresponding procedures of the module, calculated all the forces in kinematic pairs and the balancing force at the primary level. In each kinematic pair build forces and their direction with the help of simple graphical procedures. The magnitude of these forces and their direction are displayed in a special window with text mode. This work contains listings of the test programs MyTеst, is an example of using computing capabilities of the developed module. As a check on the calculation procedures of module in the program is reproduced an example of calculating the balancing forces according to the method of Zhukovsky (Zhukovsky lever).

Program realization of mathematical model of kinematic calculation of flat lever mechanisms

Calculation of kinematic mechanisms is very time-consuming work. Due to the content of a large number of similar operations can be automated using computers. Forthis purpose, it is necessary to implement a software implementation ofthe mathematical model of calculation of kinematic mechanisms of the second class. In the article on Turbo Pascal presents the text module to library procedures all kinematic studies of planar lever mechanisms of the second class. The determination of the kinematic characteristics of the mechanism and the construction of its provisions, plans, plans, speeds and accelerations carried out on the example of the six-link mechanism. The beginning of the motionless coordinate system coincides with the axis of rotation of the crank AB. It is assumed that the known length of all links, the positions of all additional points of links and the coordinates of all kinematic pairs rack mechanism, i.e. this stage of work to determine the kinematics of the mechanism must be preceded by a stage of synthesis of mechanism (determining missing dimensions of links). Denote the coordinates of point C and considering that the analogues of velocities and accelerations of this point is 0 (stationary point), appeal to the procedure that computes the kinematics group the Assyrians (GA) third. Specify kinematic parameters of point D, taking the beginning of the guide slide E at point C, the angle, the analogue of the angular velocity and the analogue of the angular acceleration of the guide is zero, knowing the length of the connecting rod DE and the length of link 5, refer to the procedure for the GA of the second kind. The use of library routines module of the kinematic calculation, makes it relatively simple to organize a simulation of the mechanism motion, to calculate the projection analogues of velocities and accelerations of all links of the mechanism, to build plans of the velocities and accelerations at each position of the mechanism.

Implementing refined descriptive sampling into three-phase discrete-event simulation models

ABSTRACTThis article examines the behavior of refined descriptive sampling (RDS) on a civil engineering problem and focuses on the statistical comparison of random sampling (RS) and RDS. The problem considered is the aggregates quarry of Bejaia city. A discrete event simulation model is built using the activity cycle diagram and an application is then developed under the simulation system PSim, in Turbo Pascal programming language. The simulation of aggregates quarry is carried out to measure its performance using both sampling methods to generate input variables. Variance reduction and efficiency are deduced. The results prove the efficiency of RDS over RS.

Determination of Calculation for the Shape of Blades Trace in the Concrete Mixer Truck

Abstract The article deals with a calculation of parameters of blades track for a concrete mixer truck, according to which the blades are placed inside a conical drum in the direction of the helix and are welded then. The issue dealt with is important for accurate determination of the shape of the blades traces according to which the shape of the shanks is drawn inside the drum and the blades are welded after their application inside the drum. The correct shape of the blades track and positioning of the blades in the direction of the helix, as well as the correct welding all affect the concrete consistency during its transport to the final destination. For automated calculation, a mathematical analysis based on theoretical review of the issue is provided in the article. The analysis is done with the use of differential geometry which is optimal for this issue. The results are summarized in a flowchart and the calculation itself is done in the programming environment of Turbo Pascal.