Tumor Of Palate Research Articles

Clinical difference between benign and malignant tumors of the hard palate.

To determine the clinical characteristics and treatment results of benign and malignant tumors of the hard palate in our hospital. A total of 25 patients who underwent surgical treatment for hard palate tumors between 2008 and 2018 were included in this study. Their demographic characteristics, smoking status, alcohol consumption, symptoms, duration of symptoms, size and localization of hard palate tumor, status of mucosal surface, radiologic examinations, surgery, reconstruction method, histopathologic results, treatment outcomes, oral intake start time, adjuvant treatment, postoperative complications, and recurrence were reviewed. Of the 25 patients with hard palate tumors, 15 (60.0%) had benign tumors and 10 (40.0%) had malignant tumors. Both benign and malignant tumors of the hard palate occurred more frequently in females than in the males. The most common symptom of hard palate tumor was palate mass. The most common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma (n = 13). The most common malignant tumors were squamous cell carcinoma and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (n = 3 for each). All patients were operated via transoral approach without external incision. We did not experience any recurrence in this study. The oral intake start time was late in malignant hard palate tumors (p < 0.05). The comparison of clinical features of benign and malignant hard palate tumors showed a statistical significance only for oral intake start time. Transoral surgical removal with clear margin is a safe and effective procedure for benign and malignant hard palate tumors.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the hard palate in a 9-year-old girl (clinical case)

The objective of the work is to demonstrate the signs of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the minor salivary glands in pediatric patients on a clinical example.Clinical case. In August 2017, a girl of 9 years old appeared in the area of the right half of the hard palate. The dentist at the place of residence diagnosed an abscess in the area of the hard palate, performed the lancing and drainage of the “abscess”, prescribed antibiotic therapy. After 3.5 months (in December 2017), hyperemia and an increase in the volume of the mucous membrane reappeared in the same zone. Reapplied to the dentist. The girl was sent to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, where the hard palate formation was removed on 23.01.2018; according to histological examination a highly differentiated tumor of the hard palate was diagnosed. The girl was sent for a consultation to the N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, where histological preparations were reviewed: a fragment of the mucous membrane of the hard palate covered with squamous epithelium, with the growth of low-grade mucoepidermoid cancer (from the minor salivary glands of the hard palate). A biopsy of the postoperative scar 3 mm long and of the formation of a hard palate 1 mm in diameter was performed; during histological examination of the biopsy material tumor cells were not detected (the material was represented by fibrous tissue). Despite the biopsy results, taking into account the medical history, the results of a review of histological preparations, the rarity and high aggressiveness of the tumor, poor prognosis for relapse, lack of data for regional and distant metastases, at the concilium it was accepted the decision to conduct repeated surgery. In the Surgical Department No. 1 of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology on 13.03.2018 a resection of the hard palate was performed with plastic surgery of the defect with a mixed skin-muscle flap on the vascular pedicle.Conclusion. Mucoepidermoid cancer of the minor salivary glands of the hard palate in children and adolescents can be manifested by the presence of a slowly growing, painless, pale blue tumor. For a correct clinical and morphological diagnosis, a biopsy of the tumor is necessary, further the removal of the tumor is recommended with resection of the hard palate, in view of the high risk of tumor spreading in the thickness of the bone.

MR Imaging Characteristics of Myoepithelial Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Palate: Rare Case Report

: Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is an uncommon tumor of salivary gland; moreover, myoepithelial carcinoma of palate is exceedingly rare. This report documents a case of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma arising in the hard palate. A 51-year-old woman presented with foreign body sensation without pain. Preoperative biopsy was performed and resulted in pleomorphic adenoma of the hard palate. MR imaging findings were well circumscribed, dome-shaped, lobulated mass with hyposignal intensity at peripheral fibrous capsule on T2WI. The mass showed internal cyst, hemorrhage, necrosis and heterogeneous enhancement. Because it showed both benign and malignant findings, the radiologic diagnosis was likely to be a malignant tumor of palate. Postoperative pathological analysis revealed invasive myoepithelial carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma.

A Case of Solitary Fibrous Tumor of Hard Palate

A Case of Solitary Fibrous Tumor of Hard Palate

Management of clinically N0 neck in oropharyngeal carcinoma

PurposeOnly a minority of patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) are diagnosed without regional metastasis (cN0). Studies focusing on the management of cN0 neck in OPSCC are scarce.MethodsWe reviewed all OPSCC patients treated at our institution with cN0 neck between 2000 and 2009. The treatment of neck and pattern of regional control was analyzed. Median follow-up was 5 years (range 3.5–9.0) or until death.ResultsOf the total 313 OPSCC patients treated within the period, 56 (18%) presented with cN0 neck. Of them, 51 (91%) received completed treatment with curative intent: 46 (90%) underwent elective neck treatment with either neck dissection ± (chemo)radiotherapy (C)RT (n = 23) or (C)RT (n = 23). A regional recurrence occurred in three patients (6%) and they all had a p16-negative soft palate midline primary tumor. Two of these patients had received RT on the neck.ConclusionsWhile the overall prognosis of OPSCC is generally favorable and regional recurrences are infrequent, soft palate tumors, that are usually p16 negative, may form an subgroup warranting more aggressive treatment despite the clinical appearance of early stage.

Computed tomographic features of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the palate

BackgroundTo evaluate the computed tomographic features and create a prediction model for clinical diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) in the palate with intact mucosa.MethodsFrom March 2016 to May 2018, 102 patients with palatal tumors and intact mucosa, including 28 patients with a pathological diagnosis of ACC after surgery, were enrolled in this study. The patients’ clinical symptoms, computed tomographic features and pathological diagnoses were recorded and analyzed. Independent predictors of ACC were determined by using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression, and the discrimination and calibration of the prediction model was evaluated, and internal validation was performed.ResultsUnivariate analysis of patients showed that ACC patients were more likely than non-ACC patients to be older (P = 0.019); to have palatine bone destruction (P<0.001) and greater palatine foramen (GPF) enlargement (P<0.001); to have involvement of the pterygopalatine fossa (P<0.001), foramen rotundum (P<0.001), nasal cavity (P<0.001) and maxillary bone (P<0.001); and to have numbness (P = 0.007) and pain (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that age and GPF enlargement were independent predictors of ACC in palatal tumors. The diagnostic prediction model showed good discrimination and calibration, as evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.98) and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (P = 0.927).ConclusionsThe palate ACC prediction model based on age and GPF enlargement shows excellent discrimination with no evidence of poor calibration. Older patients with palatal tumors and intact mucosa should be considered for ACC when they have GPF enlargement.

Chemical Ablation of the Soft Palate Neoplasm

Approximately 2% of head and neck malignancies are represented by tumors of the soft palate. The main risk factors associated are smoking, alcohol abuse, human papilloma virus infections, poor oral hygiene, mechanical irritation. The treatment of the soft palate cancer depends on the staging of the tumor and of the pathologic type of the carcinoma. In this article, we will present coblation under endoscopic control as a new method of resection of the soft palate neoplasms.

Identification of a metastatic lung adenocarcinoma of the palate mucosa through genetic and histopathological analysis: a rare case report and literature review

BackgroundCancers of unknown primary origin (CUPs) are reported to be the 3-4th most common causes of cancer death. Recent years have seen advances in mutational analysis and genomics profiling. These advances could improve accuracy of diagnosis of CUPs and might improve the prognosis of patients with CUPs.Case presentationA 76-year old male with an adenocarcinoma of unknown primary origin in the lung presented with another tumor of the palate mucosa. The tumor cells in the pleural effusion were all negative for immunohistochemical markers (TTF-1 and Napsin A) and lung-specific oncogenic driver alterations (EGFR mutation and ALK translocation). The tumor of the palate mucosa was likewise identified as an adenocarcinoma, and the cells showed cytological similarities with the tumor cells in the pleural effusion; TTF-1, Napsin A, EGFR mutation and ALK translocation were all negative. This result suggested that origins of the tumors of the palate mucosa and in the lung were the same, even though the origin had not yet been determined. Next, we addressed whether the tumor of the palate mucosa was a primary tumor or not. Secretory carcinoma (SC), which is a common type of minor salivary gland tumor (MSGT), was suspected; however, mammaglobin was negative and ETV6-NTRK3 (EN) fusion was not observed. Other MSGTs were excluded based on histological and immunohistochemical findings. Furthermore, an additional examination demonstrated an oncogenic KRAS mutation at codon 12 (p.G12D) in both palate tumor and in pleural effusion. KRAS mutation is known to exist in one-third of lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs), but quite rare in MSGTs. The possibility of metastasis from other organs was considered unlikely from the results of endoscopic and imaging studies. This result indicated that the primary site of the CUP was indeed the lung, and that the tumor of the palate mucosa was a metastasis of the LUAD.ConclusionsA tumor of the palate mucosa that showed diagnostic difficulties was determined to be a metastatic LUAD by genomic alterations and histopathological findings.

A rare case of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor in palate

A rare case of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor in palate

Brown Tumor of the Palate as First Manifestation of a Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Brown tumors represent a late-stage bone change caused by primary hyperparathyroidism, presenting in only 2-3 percent of the cases. Therefore as primary manifestations there is even a smaller percent. The common sites of brown tumor are the long bones, ribs, clavicle or pelvic girdle. The solitary palate brown tumor as initial presentation of a primary hyperparathyroidism is rare and often accompanied by tumors of other facial bones. We present the case of a 67 year old woman with initial presentation of a large tumor of the right palate, with no extension to the orbits. The first histological diagnosis was of a giant cell tumor, which delayed the diagnosis of the underlying cause for about 6 months, when the patient’s relatives requested a second opinion on the initial histological findings, the second analysis revealed the same diagnosis but recommended that a primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism should be excluded as the brown tumor is very similar to the one with giant cells. We received the patient at this moment when we immediately diagnosed a primary hyperparathyroidism and sent the patient to surgery. Unfortunately in this case the long progression of high levels of PTH affected a lot the mineral density of the bones and now the patient is highly osteoporotic. The particularity of the case is the location of the brown tumor and the delayed diagnosis of a first primary hyperparathyroidism.

Outcomes in Patient Undergoing Maxillectomy for Squamous Cancer Invading Maxilla in a Rural Tertiary Care Institute in Socioeconomic Poor Group of Patients

Background: Oral cancer accounts for more than 250,000 new cases of cancer in India. Oral cancer combining all sites of cancer in oral cavity is the single commonest cancer in males in India. Oral cancer involving upper alveolus and primary maxillary sinus tumors are a surgical challenge due to the complex surgery and rehabilitation. Aim: Optimal treatment strategy for treatment of squamous cancer invading maxillary sinus. Methods: This is a retrospective study of clinicopathological features, treatment, rehabilitation and outcome of all patients who underwent surgical treatment of tumor invading maxillary sinus over a period of 30 months in a rural cancer hospital. Results: Out of a total of 47 patients, 26 (55.3%) were males and 21 (44.7%) were females. Median age was 56 year with youngest patient of 23 year and oldest 88 year old. Primary maxillary sinus cancers were 19.1%, palatal tumors were 10.6% and 70.3% were buccal mucosa and upper alveolus cancers. Early cancers were 51% and locally advanced were 49%. Total maxillectomy was performed in 59.6%, partial maxillectomy in 34.1% and extended maxillectomy in 6.3% of the patients. Histology was squamous carcinoma in all patients and 85.1% were grade 2. Peripheral neural invasion was present in 14.9%, lympho-vascular emboli in 23.4%, and surgical margins were positive in 10% of the patients. Eighty percent patients underwent reconstruction by free microvascular flap. Fifty-one percent patients received postoperative chemoradiotherapy while 25.5% received only radiotherapy and 19.1% received no adjuvant treatment. At a mean follow-up of 11 months 74.5% patients are alive. Good speech was achieved in 70% and intelligible speech in 17% of the patients, while 12.8% were not able to speak. Solid food swallowing was achieved in 36.2%, semisolid in 27.6%, liquid in 19.1% of the patients and 12.8% remained on nasogastric tube feeds. Conclusion: Surgical resection with reconstruction by microvascular flap and postsurgical chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced cancers is key for improved survival and successful rehabilitation in cancer invading maxilla.

Oral malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumour with junctional component mimicking mucosal melanoma

Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumour (GNET) is a recently characterised rare and aggressive tumour that typically arises in association with the small intestine of adults. We present a novel case of this entity and expand the spectrum of its reported morphological features. The patient was a 5-year-old female, the youngest reported patient affected by the condition, and presented with extra-abdominal disease. The histopathological features included the presence of a junctional component of the palatal tumour, which mimicked mucosal melanoma, a feature that has not been previously reported in GNET. Whole genome and RNA sequencing was performed that demonstrated the EWSR1-ATF1 translocation characteristic of GNET. Knowledge of this entity and its features, together with careful morphological assessment supplemented by judicious immunohistochemical and molecular studies should enable the correct diagnosis to be established.

A case of solitary fibrous tumor of the soft palate

A case of solitary fibrous tumor of the soft palate

Differentiation between benign and malignant palatal tumors using conventional MRI: a retrospective analysis of 130 cases

To evaluate the discriminative value of conventional magnetic resonance imaging between benign and malignant palatal tumors. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging features of 130 patients with palatal tumors confirmed by histopathologic examination were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data and imaging findings were assessed between benign and malignant tumors and between benign and low-grade malignant salivary gland tumors. The variables that were significant in differentiating benign from malignant lesions were further identified using logistic regression analysis. Moreover, imaging features of each common palatal histologic entity were statistically analyzed with the rest of the tumors to define their typical imaging features. Older age, partially defined and ill-defined margins, and absence of a capsule were highly suggestive of malignant palatal tumors, especially ill-defined margins (β = 6.400). The precision in determining malignant palatal tumors achieved a sensitivity of 92.8% and a specificity of 85.6%. In addition, irregular shape, ill-defined margins, lack of a capsule, perineural spread, and invasion of surrounding structures were more often associated with low-grade malignant salivary gland tumors. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging is useful for differentiating benign from malignant palatal tumors as well as benign salivary gland tumors from low-grade salivary gland malignancies.

A Case of Huge Fibroma in the Palate

Fibroma-like lesions occur with relatively high frequency in oral soft tissues, but represent reactive proliferation against chronic irritation. True fibromas are rare. Tumor size is often seen to range from the mass of a red bean to a soybean. We encountered a case of huge fibroma in the palate with a long history of more than 30 years. The patient was a 60-year-old man who became aware of a tumor in the right palate about 30 years earlier. The mass had tended to increase in size in recent years, and was introduced to our department for the first visit. As an intraoral finding, a pedicled mass measuring 29 × 27 mm was found in the right palate. We also considered the possibility of verrucous carcinoma, and performed biopsy, obtaining a diagnosis of fibroma. Right palatectomy was performed under general anesthesia in October 2016. We performed immunohistochemical examination of the surgical specimen, obtaining a definitive diagnosis of fibroma. As of 1 year postoperatively, no recurrence has been identified and the course has been good.

Three-Dimensional Printing: A Novel Approach to the Creation of Obturator Prostheses Following Palatal Resection for Malignant Palate Tumors.

A subgroup of patients who have an oronasal fistula live in areas that have limited access to oral prosthetics. For these individuals, a temporary prosthesis, such as a palatal obturator, may be necessary in order to speak, eat, and breath properly. The creation of an obturator, which requires a highly trained prosthodontist, can take time and can be expensive. Through the current proof-of-concept study, there is an attempt to create a patient-specific palatal obturator through use of free and publicly available software, and a low-cost desktop 3-dimensional printer. The ascribed study may provide a means to increase global access to oral prosthetics if suitable biomaterials are developed. Computerized tomography data were acquired from a patient who had an oronasal fistula. Through use of free software, these data were converted into a 3-dimensional image. The image was manipulated in order to isolate the patient's maxilla and was subsequently printed. The palatal obturator models were designed, and reformed, in correspondence with the maxilla model design. A final suitable obturator was determined and printed with 2 differing materials in order to better simulate a patient obturator. Creating a suitable palatal obturator for the specified patient model was possible with a low-cost printer and free software. With further development in biomaterials, it may be possible to design and create an oral prosthesis through use of low-cost 3-dimensional printing technology and freeware. This can empower individuals to attain good healthcare, even if they live in rural, developing, or underserviced areas.

Massive hard palate tumor removed with an electric knife

Massive hard palate tumor removed with an electric knife

Soft obturator prosthesis for postoperative soft palate carcinoma: A clinical report

An intraoral prosthesis with a soft flexible obturator was provided for a patient with a soft palate perforation after surgical and chemoradiotherapy treatments of a soft palate tumor. An obturator composed of movable and flexible silicone was attached to a structure similar to a palatal lift; it was therefore able to move according to the movement of the soft palate, which was confirmed by endoscopic examination. The application of this prosthesis resulted in complete disappearance of hypernasality and food reflux, and the patient was able to eat without particular limitation during daytime wearing. This type of prosthesis represents a potential prosthetic approach to a soft palate nasal-oral fistula.

Flap necrosis after palatoplasty in irradiated patient and its reconstruction with tunnelized-facial artery myomucosal island flap

BackgroundTunneled transposition of the facial artery myomucosal (FAMM) island flap on the lingual side of the mandible has been reported for intraoral as well as oropharyngeal reconstruction. This modified technique overcomes the limitations of short range and dentition and further confirms the flexibility of the flap. This paper presents a case of reconstructing secondary soft palatal defect due to flap necrosis following two-flap palatoplasty in irradiated patient with lingually transposed facial artery myomucosal island flap.Case presentationThe authors successfully reconstructed secondary soft palatal defect due to flap necrosis following two-flap palatoplasty in an irradiated 59-year-old female patient with tunnelized-facial artery myomucosal island flap (t-FAMMIF).ConclusionsIslanding and tunneling modification extends the versatility of the FAMM flap in the reconstruction of soft palatal defects post tumor excision and even after radiation, giving a great range of rotation and eliminating the need for revision in a second stage procedure. The authors thus highly recommend this versatile flap for the reconstruction of small and medium-sized oral defects.

A Rare Complication Following the Removal of a Palatal Tumour

Post Extubation stridor PES is a condition that has been fairly reported in the literature of anaesthesiologists yet scarcely reported in that of Maxillo facial surgeons Post extuabtion stridor has multiple aetiologies and risk factors that can promote this condition However there are techniques that can predict the occurrence of this complication More importantly the question remains how to have a prophylactic approach towards this condition We present a case of a year old female patient that endured this complication after removal of a palatal pleomorphic adenoma