Tubules In Group Research Articles

Naringenin attenuates highly active antiretroviral therapy-induced sperm DNA fragmentations and testicular toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Highly active antiretroviral therapy has evolved over the years, leading to a boost in the quality of life in people living with HIV and AIDS. However, growing evidence has shown that highly active antiretroviral therapy has deleterious effects on the testes and the overall reproductive capacity. Therefore, this study is to determine the adjuvant potential of Naringenin on highly active antiretroviral therapy-induced perturbations in fertility of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups viz - Control; H: 30mg/kg of highly active antiretroviral therapy (EFV, 600mg + FTC, 200mg + TDF, 300mg); N40: Naringenin, 40mg/kg; N80: Naringenin, 80mg/kg; HN40: highly active antiretroviral therapy + Naringenin, 40mg/kg; HN80: highly active antiretroviral therapy + Naringenin, 80mg/kg. The rats were euthanized after 4weeks. Results showed that there was a significant decrease in sperm count (p<0.001), spermatozoa with normal morphology (p<0.001) and progressive sperm motility (p<0.05) of H compared to the control and the HN groups. Likewise, fragmentations increased (p<0.05) in tail lengths of sperm DNA in H compared to control. HN40 and HN80 decreased tail lengths compared to H (p<0.001). There was also a decrease in %tail DNA and tail moment in HN40 (p<0.001) compared to H. Luteinizing hormone significantly increased (p<0.05) in HN40, HN80, and N40 (p<0.001) but decreased in H (p<0.05) compared to control. The diameter of the seminiferous tubules also decreased (p<0.05) in H compared to control, N80, and HN40. Likewise, the area of the seminiferous tubules in group H decreased (p<0.05) compared to N80 and HN80. The seminiferous tubules epithelium increased (p<0.05) in N40 and HN40 compared to H. This study establishes that highly active antiretroviral therapy has deleterious effects on the testicular microanatomy, sperm parameters, and sperm DNA of Sprague-Dawley rats, which may impair fertility but Naringenin is a potential complimentary adjuvant.

Comparative scanning electron microscope analysis of diode laser and desensitizing toothpastes for evaluation of efficacy of dentinal tubular occlusion.

Background:The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of diode laser alone and in combination with desensitizing toothpastes in occluding dentinal tubules (both partially occluded and completely occluded tubules) by scanning electron microscope (SEM).Materials and Methods:Fifty human teeth were extracted, cervical cavities were prepared and etched with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and smear layer was removed to expose the tubules. The teeth were divided into five groups: Group I – Application of NovaMin-formulated toothpaste, Group II – Application of Pro-Argin™-formulated toothpaste, Group III – Application of diode laser in noncontact mode, Group IV – NovaMin-formulated toothpaste followed by laser irradiation, and Group V – Pro-Argin™-formulated toothpaste followed by laser irradiation. After treatment, quantitative analysis of occluded dentinal tubules was done by SEM analysis.Results:The mean values of percentages of total occlusion of dentinal tubules in Groups I, II, III, IV, and V were 92.73% ± 1.38, 90.67% ± 1.86, 96.57% ± 0.64, 97.3% ± 0.68, and 96.9% ± 6.08, respectively. Addition of diode laser (Groups III, IV, and V) yielded a significant occlusion of the dentinal tubules when compared to desensitizing toothpastes alone (Groups I and II).Conclusion:Diode laser (Group III) has shown more efficacy in occluding dentinal tubules when compared with desensitizing toothpastes which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Among the five groups, NovaMin + diode laser (Group IV) showed the highest percentage of occluded dentinal tubules.

English

Cimetidine is a potent histaminic H2-receptor antagonist extensively prescribed for ulcers. It has also known as reproductive toxicant as indicated by significantly reduced weight of accessory sex organs and is responsible for sexual dysfunction. The present study was designed to investigate the influence of parenterally administered drugs cimetidine and bromocriptine on the germinal epithelium of adult male albino rats and its relation with spermatogenesis. Ninety adult young male albino rats between the ages of 60 to 120 days were selected for the study and divided into three groups as Group A, B & C. The spermatogenesis was normal in almost all of the tubules of group B but a few of them were seen lined with only Sertoli cells and all the other germ cells like spermatogonia, primary spermatocyes, spermatids early and late, and spermatozoa were absent indicating total atrophy with both Sertoli cells and Leydig cells hyperplasia. However, the seminiferous tubules of group C were showing disorganisation/ disruption or both at the level of basal compartment of germinal epithelium in small quadrants, a quarter, half or more than half of their tubules indicating partial atrophy. Both normal and abnormal germinal epithelium was seen in same/different tubules but a few of them were seen lined with only Sertoli cells and all the other germ cells like spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, spermatids early and late, and spermatozoa were absent. From our findings, we could not exclude the possibility that besides the known anti-androgenic effect of cimetidine, a possible interference of cimetidine on the histoarchitecture of the seminiferous epithelium, as well as lack of other biochemical factors essential for spermatogenesis could be involved in the testicular changes/ alterations of both groups B and C.

An In-vitro Comparison of Nano Hydroxyapatite, Novamin and Proargin Desensitizing Toothpastes - A SEM Study.

Dentinal Hypersensitivity (DH) is commonly encountered clinical condition in dental practice which affects 8-57% of the adult population presenting for dental treatment, but the treatment of the same remains doubtful. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of three different desensitizing agents (15% nano hydroxyapatite crystals; 5% novamin and 8% proargin) on dentinal permeability and tubule occlusion in-vitro. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the effect of these commercially available desensitizing toothpastes. A total of 40 disc shaped dentin specimens were dissected from extracted premolars. Dentin discs of 1mm were obtained with the help of diamond discs. Ten specimens were randomly selected and allocated to the evaluation groups A (control group), B (Nano-hydroxyapatite), C (Novamin) and D (Proargin). Each treatment group dentine disc specimen was treated with the respective slurry for two minutes for a period of seven days. Each disc was subjected to a pre- and post-treatment SEM analysis to evaluate the changes occurring in the dentinal tubules. The qualitative analysis showed no occlusion of the dentinal tubules in Group A (control group) and Group B (nano-hydroxyapatite) showed 98.1% tubule occlusion. Group C (Novamin) and D (Proargin) showed 83.1% and 69.1% tubule occlusion respectively. Quantitative analysis showed a statistical significant difference between Group B and D (p< 0.005) and no statistical significant difference between group B and C (p= 0.235). Similarly, there was no significant difference between Group C and D as (p=0.235). It was concluded that all the three desensiting agents were effective in the dentine tubule occlusion. In addition efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste was greater compared to the other desensiting agents.

MP33-18 “THE ROLE OF RENAL TUBULAR CELL INJURY IN THE EARLY PERIOD OF RENAL CRYSTAL FORMATION” IDENTIFIED FROM THE CELL INJURY-INHIBITING EFFECT OF GREEN TEA

RESULTS: The examinations at every weekend showed that Ox of 24 hours urine did not change significantly in both Group A and B£P>0.05£ , Group C and D were significantly lower than those in group B (P 0.05£ £Group C and D were significantly increased compared with those in Group B(P<0.05), Group D increased more significantly than that Group C (P<0.05). There were no significant changes of the renal function and serum Ca2þ of rats in all groups. The CT post-processing workstation data analysis suggested that the average CT value of Group B were significantly higher than Group D, and both of the two groups were higher than Group A; The differences were more obvious in conditions of low-kilovolt (P<0.05). The calcium oxalate crystal of tubules in Group B wer more serious than in Group C and D, and Group C were more serious than Group D. There were no significent calcium oxalate crystal deposition and pathological changes in renal biopsy specimens of Group A. CONCLUSIONS: Oxalate-degrading enzymes can effectively reduce the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones in intestinal hyperoxaluria rat.

Protective Effects of Wheat Sprout on Testicular Toxicity in Male Rats Exposed to Lead

Objective: Negative effects of lead on the male reproductive system and sperm fertility parameters have been shown broadly. In recent years, use of medicinal herbs in reducing heavy metal toxicities has increased worldwide. One of these herbals, wheat sprout, contains high amount of vitamins (especially vitamin E), antioxidants and phytoestrogen compounds. This study investigated the effects of wheat sprout extract (WSE) and vitamin E on testicular oxidative stress in rats exposed to lead acetate. Methods: Thirty-five rats were divided randomly into seven groups: G1 (control group) received 1 ml/kg/day of normal saline, G2 received 20 mg/kg/day of lead acetate, G3 and G4 received 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day of WSE respectively, G5 and G6 received 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day of WSE respectively with 20 mg/kg/day of lead acetate, and G7 received 100 mg/kg/day of vitamin E with 20 mg/kg/day of lead acetate. After 35 days, rats were sacrificed and blood, sperm, liver and testicle tissue samples were collected for histomorphological and histochemical studies. Results: Results showed that count, motility and viability of sperms decreased following the administration of lead acetate (P<0.01). Histomorphological studies showed a significant decrease in tubular differentiation index (TDI), spermiogenesis index (SI), repopulation index (RI), number of Leydig and Sertoli cells, and epithelium height and diameter of seminiferous tubules in groups receiving lead acetate (P<0.05). Conclusion: Summary, results of the current study show that dose dependent WSE significantly prevents testicular toxicity and oxidative stress effects of lead acetate.

Proximal tubule morphology in rats with renal congestion: a study involving the in vivo cryotechnique.

The present study aimed to examine the changes induced in proximal tubules by renal congestion using the in vivo cryotechnique (IVCT). Twelve male Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups: group 1 (the control); groups 2 and 3, which were subjected to 2 and 5min of congestion, respectively; and group 4, which was subjected to 5min of congestion followed by 10min of recirculation. Under anesthesia, renal congestion was induced in the bilateral kidneys by ligating the inferior vena cava just above the branching renal veins. The left kidneys, which were subjected to the IVCT, were then compared with the right kidneys, which underwent a conventional fixation method. Among the left kidneys, the proximal tubules in group 1 consisted of cuboidal cells and had open lumina. In the congestive groups, the diameters of the proximal tubules were increased, and their lumina were obstructed by swollen cells and ischemia-associated cell debris. In group 4, the proximal tubules were still dilated, as seen in the congestive groups; however, the swollen cells had recovered their cuboidal form, and the cell debris had disappeared from the tubules' lumina. The present study demonstrated the in vivo morphology of proximal tubules in living rats subjected to congestion, which was unclear using conventional fixation methods.

The Effect of Heparin on the Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Changes in Rat Testis

Objectives: To investigate the preventive effects of low molecular weight heparin on testis destruction created by low dose (0.25 ml/kg) carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) application. Materials and Methods: Sixteen Spraque Dawley male rats were used. CCl 4 induced testicular destruction was created. There were 4 rats in each group; Group I recieved 1 ml of intraperitoneal olive oil, Group recieved intraperitoneal 0,25ml/kg CCL 4 in 1 ml of olive oil , Group III recieved intraperitoneal 0,25ml/kg CCL 4 in 1 ml of olive oil plus subcutaneous 180 IU/kg low molecular weight heparin and Grup IV received only subcutaneous 180 IU/kg low molecular weight heparin. At the end of 4 weeks of study period, rats were sacrified and tissue samples were fixed in glutaraldehyde solution. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of testis weight (p>0.05). Light microscopy showed vacuolization in the basal portion of the seminiferous tubules in Group II. Intercellular dehiscence between the spermatogenetic cells was significant in Group II compared to control group at the level of fine structure. Intercellular dehiscence was not significant in Group III compared to Group II. The seminiferous tubules structures in Group IV were found comparable with the control group. Low dose of CCl4 caused germ cell loss, inhibition of mitosis, and structural deterioration of the Sertoli cells in seminiferous tubules of rat testes. Conclusions: Low molecular weight heparin was found to be effective preventing CCl 4 induced testis destruction.

In-vitro assessment of effect of a hydroxyapatite containing desensitizing agent on dentinal ubule occlusion

Aim and Objectives: Dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) is a common clinical condition usually associated with exposed dentinal surfaces. The present study evaluated the influence of topical application of hydroxyapatite containing desensitizing agent (Remin Pro) on dentinal tubule occlusion. Materials and Methods: A total of 22 dentin discs obtained from 11 anterior teeth were divided into two groups. Test group (Remin Pro) and control group (distilled water). The specimens treated with 17% ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid gel prior to the application of test agents followed by rinsing and application of test agents for 5 min. After rinsing, 5% Evans blue dye was applied on both the specimens. The specimens were observed under light microscope. A quantitative analysis of tubular occlusion was done by counting the number of dentinal tubules/1000 μm 2 , diameter of dentinal tubules (μm), and closed tubular area (μm 2 ). Percentage of tubular occlusion was calculated in both the groups. Results: Mean number of occluded dentinal tubules in Group A was 78.01% whereas in case of Group B it was 4.97%. With a higher percentage of tubular occlusion, the diameter and number of dentinal tubules decreased and closed tubular area of each tubule increased. Conclusion: The desensitizing agent produced significant greater dentinal tubular occlusion as compared to the control group. Clinical implications: Though in-vitro studies provide evidence for immediate dentine hypersensitivity treatment, further well-designed multicenter prospective long-term clinical trials with scanning electron microscopic evaluation are needed to find the gold standard treatment of DH.

Effect of the smear layer on a pulp proximity-indicating instrument

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of removing or modifying the smear layer on the indication provided by the Prepometer pulp proximity-indicating instrument. Third molars were prepared to produce flat surfaces in the coronal dentine, and control Prepometer LED readings were made. Group E was treated with 18% EDTA and Group T with Tubulicid. Prepometer readings were repeated. Dentine was removed in 0.5 mm increments, and readings repeated until a red LED appeared, indicating a danger of pulp exposure. Distances to the pulp were measured. t test, Wilcoxon signed ranks test (WSR) and ordinal regression (OR) analysis were performed, together with SEM examination. There were significant differences between both test groups and their untreated controls. OR showed that a red LED appeared further from the pulp with EDTA treatment than with no treatment. A red LED appeared closer to the pulp with Tubulicid treatment than with no treatment. SEM showed smear removal in Group E and occlusion of tubules in Group T. Prepometer performance was significantly influenced by treatment with EDTA and Tubulicid. Practitioners would be required to learn to interpret the display of the Prepometer instrument in the context of the tooth under treatment and the surface condition of the cut dentine.

Experimental study of sonography in predicting contralateral testicular damage after unilateral testicular torsion

Objective To investigate the dependability between ultrasonic appearances of different degree of acute testicular hemodynamic disorder and contralateral testicular damage.Methods Thirty two white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups.Group A-C were subjected to testicular ischemia and color Doppler sonography were continuoully performed in each case.The testes were reperfused when the ultrasonic appearances were as follows:homogeneous appearance with reducing of blood perfusion(group A),increased echogenicity and heterogeneity with little blood perfusion(group B).inhomogeneous appearance with small pieces of low echogenic areas and no blood perfusion(group C).Group D was the control group.Histologic structure changes of contralateral testes were observed after reperfusion for a month.The contralateral testes in all the cases underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS)before reperfusion of unilateral testes.Results CEUS time-intensity curve of contralateral testes showed no statistical significance between the four groups(P＞0.05).Focal and mild pathological and ultrastructural changes were observed in contralateral testes in group A-C.But Johnsen score showed no statistical significance between the control group and group A-C(P＞0.05).The total number of appotosis cells per 100 seminiferous tubules in group B(38.75±8.88)were significantly more than the control group(18.63±3.81)as well as group A(20.50±6.12)and group C(18.00±4.47)(P＜0.001),but there were no statistical significances between group A,group C and the control group(P＞0.05).Conclusions Ultrasonic appearances of acute testicular hemodynamic disorder are help for the prediction of contralateral testicular damage.As blood flow in contralateral testes were unaffected after acute testicular hemodynamic disorder,it seems to have no role in contralateral testicular damage. Key words: Ultrasonography; Testis; Ischemia; Apoptosis

Smear Layer Removal by Auxiliary Chemical Substances in Biomechanical Preparation: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study

The aim of this study was to assess, by scanning electron microscopy analysis, the cleaning ability of irrigants and auxiliary chemical substances in biomechanical preparation. Thirty-two single-rooted human teeth were subjected to standardized root canal instrumentation with different irrigants (n = 8): group 1, 2.5% NaOCl + 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); group 2, 2% chlorhexidine gel + 17% EDTA; group 3, Canal Plus + 2.5% NaOCl; group 4, saline + 17% EDTA. After instrumentation, the teeth were prepared for scanning electron microscopy analysis (2000×) to evaluate the cleaning of cervical, middle, and apical thirds. The area analyzed was quantified according to the percentage of open tubules, and data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance and Tukey tests (P = .05). The results showed statistically significant difference with higher quantity of open tubules in groups 1 and 3. In all groups, the cleaning obtained on the cervical third was better than that obtained on the middle and apical thirds, with statistically significant difference in the chlorhexidine group. Irrigation with Canal Plus in combination with NaOCl and NaOCl followed by EDTA produced greater cleaning of the root canal walls.

The Influence of Glimepiride on the Biochemical and Histomorphological Features of Streptozotocin - Induced Diabetic Rabbits

An experiment was conducted to study the efficacy of glimepiride (a new sulphonylurea) on the biochemical values and histomorphological features of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rabbits. Eighteen New Zealand white male rabbits were selected for the study. The rabbits were randomly divided into three Groups of six each. Group I was kept as normal healthy control (NC), Group II and Group III were made diabetic by single intravenous administration of streptozotocin (@ 65 mg/kg. b.w.). Glimepiride was given to Group III rabbits by gavage @ 2mg/kg. b.w. daily for twenty-one days whereas Group I and Group II rabbits received normal saline in the similar manner. The results indicated a significant decrease in the blood sugar (P<0.01), blood urea (P<0.001) and serum creatinine (P<0.001) in Group III rabbits. Further, the histomorphological study showed an increase in the percentage of beta cells in pancreatic islets and recovery of renal tubules in Group III rabbits. The findings indicate that glimepiride improves the biochemical values and ameliorates the histopathology of diabetic rabbits particularly restoring the morphology of beta cells of islets of Langerhan’s and thus, seems to be encouraging.

Structures and Androgen Receptor Localization in the Testes and Epididymis of Japanese Quail Hatched from the Eggs Exposed to Diethylstilbestrol.

The present study was undertaken to determine whether exposure of fertile eggs to an estrogenic chemical (diethylstilbestrol, DES) affects the structures of the testes and epididymis in matured Japanese quail. Fertile eggs were separated into 3 groups and immersed in test solutions prepared by dissolving DES in 95 % ethanol at concentrations of 0, 5 mg or 50 mg/100 ml (Groups C, L and H, respectively). The birds were sacrificed 100 days after hatching, and their testes, epididymis and cloacal glands were examined by histology and immunocytochemistry for androgen receptors. The structure of the seminiferous tubules in Group C birds was well organized with numerous sperm attached to the epithelium. Although the structure of seminiferous tubules in Group L did not show significant differences from those of Group C, the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules was thinner and the population of sperm attached to the epithelium was greatly reduced in Group H. The epididymis of Group C birds was well developed, consisting of the rete testis, proximal and distal efferent ductules and epididymal duct. In birds hatched from DES treated eggs, the epididymis was less well developed and had fewer tubules compared with Group C. However, immunoreactive androgen receptors were found in the epithelial cells of tubules in the epididymis of Groups C, L and H. The sizes of the cloacal glands were significantly smaller in Groups L and H when compared with Group C. These results suggest that DES exposure of fertile eggs causes structural and functional disruption of testes and epididymis, which may be one of the significant endpoints for endocrine disruptive effects in birds.

Heat shock protein (HSP) expression and proliferation of tubular cells in end stage renal disease with and without haemodialysis.

Prolonged dialysis is associated with acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD) and also higher incidence of renal cell carcinoma. Relationship among dialysis, tubular cell proliferation, development of cystic change and neoplastic transformation is not clearly known. Whether dialysis causes additional stress on tubular cells is also conjectural. Study of heat shock protein (HSP) expression which are rapidly synthesized in cells in response to a variety of stresses may be helpful in this regard. To evaluate dialysis induced early changes in end stage renal disease (ESRD), kidneys from eight adult autopsied patients were examined (group I) who were on weekly maintenance haemodialysis for 3-12 months. The heat shock protein (HSP 72/73) expression of tubular epithelial cells and their proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labelling index (LI) were studied by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies. For comparison similar study was carried out in 10 cases of ESRD (Group II) of similar age and sex distribution who were not dialysed. The atrophic tubules were subtyped morphologically into (1) classic, (2) thyroid, (3) endocrine and (4) super tubules. In the dialysed group (I) the percentage of hyperplastic super tubules (10.6 +/- 4.1%) was significantly higher than in the non-dialysed group (II) (5.2 +/- 1.3%) with a higher PCNA LI (6.8 +/- 2.04%) (group II 4.9 +/- 1.9%) (P < 0.01 to < 0.001). Though grossly not detected, but microscopic cysts and microadenoma like areas were seen in all the cases in group I with a mean diameter of 522.66 +/- 315.25 microns and 494.85 +/- 262.46 microns respectively. They were seen in one case of group II. PCNA LI of the cells in microadenoma (7.2 +/- 3.1%) and microcysts (6.6 +/- 2.6%) were similar to that of super tubules in group I. Quantitation of HSP expression by image analysis (optical density 2.309 +/- 0.155) showed a positive correlation (r = 0.7555) (P < 0.001) with PCNA LI in super tubules indicating a higher induction in the dialysed group. This study suggests that haemodialysis may cause injury to tubular cells and aggravate stress on an already compromised situation of ESRD leading to increased cell proliferation and more hyperplastic supertubule formation which may be the forerunner of cyst formation as well as neoplastic transformation.

Manipulation of photo-refractoriness in the house sparrow Passer domesticus by circadian light regimes

Three groups of house sparrows, Passer domesticus captured at the end of the breeding season when gonad regression was in progress, were held for 35 days on daily light cycles of 6L-18D, with a one hour light pulse given as an interruption of the dark period. The light pulse was given at different times in the different groups and at the end of this treatment half the specimens in each were killed. All testes were seen to be fully regressed with only spermatogonia present in the seminiferous tubules, and, furthermore, all birds contained dense amorphous tubule lipids. Although the spermatogenetic condition was similar in all three groups, the interstitial condition differed. In groups B (light pulse 12-hr from ‘dawn’) and C (light pulse 16-hr from ‘dawn’) the testis had acquired an expanded interstitium of juvenile Leydig cells lacking any lipid deposits, whereas group A (light pulse 8-hr from ‘dawn’) had a smaller interstitium which was becoming heavily lipoidal. Surviving members of each group were now given continuous 16-hr photoperiods (16L-8D) for a further 34 days. Group A responded with complete spermatogenesis, but in groups B and C the testes remained regressed, although the tubules in group C, but not group B, had become clear of lipids. The significance of these results is discussed and it is speculated that avian refractoriness may involve varying FSH LH titres consequent on their release being dependent on different photosensitive phases of a circadian rhythm. Such differential gonadotropin release has already been proved to occur during the period of post-refractory gametogenetic recovery.

Effect of Captopril on Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

The present study was performed to investigate the nephroprotective effects of captopril in experimentally induced nephrotoxicity in rats. To demonstrate this effect, serum level of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) was chosen. Histological examination of kidney was also performed. For the purpose of the study 35 long Ivan rats were taken divided into five groups(G-A,G-B,G-C,G-D and G-E)comprising 7 rats each. Group A received .75ml distilled water subcutaneously in addition to normal diet, and served as control . Group B was treated with gentamicin 125mg/kg subcutaneously for 9 days and served as experimental group. Group C,D and E were designed to demonstrate the nephroprotective effect. In this part of experiment, group C was treated with only gentamicin 125mg/kg subcutaneously for 9 days and served as control. Group D and group E were treated with captopril 9mg/kg and 11mg/kg orally respectively, in addition to gentamicin. Mean serum creatinine and BUN level raised highly significantly in group B in comparison to group A after 9 days treatment with gentamicin. Histological findings showed a number of necrosed proximal convoluted tubules in group B whereas normal architecture is preserved in group A. Co administration of captopril prevented significantly gentamicin induced increase serum creatinine and BUN. Though histological findings did not correlate with biochemical findings and there are significant numbers of necrosed proximal convoluted tubules. From the result and observations of the present study and their comparison with the works of other researchers, it may be concluded that captopril is beneficial in protecting gentamicin induced nephropathy. Thus, it could be useful in nephrotoxic conditions, such as hypertension with acute glomerulonephritis, acute renal failure and chronic renal failure. But before establishing captopril as a therapeutically effective nephroprotective agent further studies should be carried out to determine the nephroprotective effect and its cellular mechanism as well as any clinical trial for suitability of using in man. Key Words: Captopril; Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity. DOI: 10.3329/jdmc.v18i1.6297 J Dhaka Med Coll. 2009; 18(1) : 3-7