Tuberculosis-like Lesions Research Articles

Prevalência para tuberculose caprina no semi-árido paraibano

A tuberculose é uma enfermidade infecciosa, de distribuição mundial, provocada por micobactérias patogênicas, que afeta o homem e diversas espécies de mamíferos. Visando determinar a prevalência da Tuberculose Caprina e identificar fatores de risco associados à infecção foram tuberculinizados, através do Teste Tuberculínico Comparado (TCC), 1.866 caprinos de diferentes raças e idades, oriundas de 84 propriedades localizadas na microrregião de Monteiro, Estado da Paraíba, Brasil. A interpretação do TCC foi aferida pelo cálculo da diferença obtida entre as cutimetrias correspondentes às respectivas tuberculinas, antes e 72 horas após a inoculação: negativa, quando PPD bovina for menor que a aviária ou maior em até 1,8mm; suspeita ou inconclusiva, reação à PPD bovina maior que a aviária entre 1,9 e 2,4mm; positiva, reação à PPD bovina maior ou igual a aviária em 2,5mm. Das cabras submetidas ao TCC, 0,47% (9/1866), reagiram positivamente (IC 95% = 0,23-0,94%). A prevalência de propriedades positivas para a Tuberculose Caprina foi de 10,71% (IC 95% = 5,02-19,37%). Quando submetido à necropsia e exame histopatológico, um caprino positivo ao teste tuberculínico apresentou lesões compatíveis com tuberculose; também foi detectada a presença de Bacilos Álcool Ácidos Resistentes (BAAR) através da bacterioscopia direta; em relação ao tamanho do rebanho, as propriedades que possuíam um número maior de animais ( >25), apresentaram maior ocorrência da doença e a presença de infecção foi evidenciada nas propriedades que criavam bovinos em associação com caprinos e que não realizavam testes tuberculínicos nos bovinos.

Molecular characterisation of Mycobacterium bovis isolates from cattle carcases at a city slaughterhouse in Uganda

During a period of eight months, the carcases of 16,800 slaughter cattle were inspected at a city abattoir in Uganda. Eighty-seven of them had tuberculosis-like lesions and tissue samples were...

IS1245 RFLP analysis of strains of Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis isolated from pigs with tuberculosis lymphadenitis in Portugal

From the end of 2004 increasing numbers of tuberculosis-like lesions were detected in regular meat inspections of pigs at regional abattoirs. Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis was identified as the cause...

Patterns of lesions of bovine tuberculosis in wild red deer and wild boar

The data obtained from a survey of Mycobacterium bovis infection in wild red deer (Cervus elaphus) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) conducted in France in the 2005/06 hunting season were...

MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS IN WILDLIFE IN FRANCE

In early 2001, tuberculosis-like lesions were detected in three hunter-killed red deer (Cervus elaphus) in the Brotonne Forest (Normandy, France), and Mycobacterium bovis was isolated. In subsequent hunting seasons, two surveys were conducted in the area. In the first survey (2001-02 hunting season), nine (13%) of 72 red deer sampled were positive for M. bovis. In the 2005-06 hunting season, the prevalence of M. bovis infection increased to 24% (chi2=3.85, df=1, P=0.05; 33 positive among 138 sampled). The prevalence remained stable in juveniles, but it increased significantly in adults: from 13% in 2001-02 to 32% in 2005-06 (chi2=5.13, df=1, P=0.02). Wild boar (Sus scrofa) were heavily infected in both surveys. One roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and one red fox (Vulpes vulpes) also tested positive in the second survey. Mycobacterium bovis was not isolated from Eurasian badgers (Meles meles). Spoligotyping and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat analysis demonstrated that all M. bovis strains isolated from wildlife were of the same genotype. Thus, the wildlife outbreak involved only a single strain, and this strain was the same as that circulating in nearby cattle herds since 1995. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the presence of macroscopic lesions as a diagnostic criterion were evaluated from the data obtained from red deer. Necropsy seems to be satisfactory as a routine tool to monitor the disease in wild red deer populations in which bovine tuberculosis has become established.

Risk factors associated with the prevalence of tuberculosis-like lesions in fenced wild boar and red deer in south central Spain

In recent decades the management of large game mammals has become increasingly intensive in south central Spain (SCS), resulting in complex epidemiological scenarios for disease maintenance, and has probably impeded schemes to eradicate tuberculosis (TB) in domestic livestock. We conducted an analysis of risk factors which investigated associations between the pattern of tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) across 19 hunting estates from SCS and an extensive set of variables related to game management, land use and habitat structure. The aggregation of wild boar at artificial watering sites was significantly associated with an increasing risk of detecting TBL in both species, which probably relates to enhanced opportunities for transmission. Aggregation of wild boar at feeding sites was also associated with increased risks of TBL in red deer. Hardwood Quercus spp. forest availability was marginally associated with an increased risk of TB in both species, whereas scrubland cover was associated with a reduced individual risk of TBL in the wild boar. It is concluded that management practices that encourage the aggregation of hosts, and some characteristics of Mediterranean habitats could increase the frequency and probability of both direct and indirect transmission of TB. These findings are of concern for both veterinary and public health authorities, and reveal tuberculosis itself as a potential limiting factor for the development and sustainability of such intensive game management systems in Spanish Mediterranean habitats.

Wild boar and red deer display high prevalences of tuberculosis-like lesions in Spain

We describe the distribution of tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Spain. Animals with TBL were confirmed in 84.21% of mixed populations (n=57) of red deer and wild boar and in 75% of populations of wild boar alone (n=8) in central and southern Spain (core area). The prevalence of TBL declined towards the periphery of this region. In the core area, the prevalence ranged up to 100% in local populations of wild boar (mean estate prevalence 42.51%) and up to 50% in red deer (mean estate prevalence 13.70%). We carried out exploratory statistical analyses to describe the epidemiology of TBL in both species throughout the core area. Prevalence of TBL increased with age in both species. Wild boar and red deer mean TBL prevalence at the estate level were positively associated, and lesion scores were consistently higher in wild boars than in red deer. The wild boar prevalence of TBL in wild boar did not differ between populations that were or were not cohabiting with red deer. Amongst the wild boars with TBL, 61.19% presented generalized lesions, and the proportion of generalized cases was similar between sex and age classes. In red deer, 57.14% of TBL-positive individuals presented generalized lesions, and the percentage of generalized cases increased with age class, but did not differ between the sexes. These results highlight the potential importance of wild boar and red deer in the maintenance of tuberculosis in south central Spain.

Intestinal and pulmonary mycotic lymphadenitis in cattle

Among 4877 slaughtered cattle with tuberculosis-like lesions in lymph nodes, 94 cases (1.9 per cent) revealed fungal hyphae on histopathological examination. The survey period was 12 years and most of the affected animals (greater than 77 per cent) were beef cattle. Affected nodes were mesenteric in 84 cases (89.4 per cent), mediastinal and/or bronchial in seven cases (7.4 per cent), and in three cases (3.2 per cent), both mesenteric and mediastinal nodes were affected. The incidence of mycotic lymphadenitis was unrelated to year of study or season. Eighty-two of the cases were re-examined histologically and immunohistochemically. All lesions were granulomatous in nature and, in 26 cases, eosinophilic asteroid bodies (rosette formation) around hyphae were found. In 75 cases, immunofluorescence staining identified the agent as a zygomycete, probably Absidia corymbifera and, in one case, there was a concurrent infection with a Candida species. In seven cases that did not react with the antibodies employed, a diagnosis of zygomycosis was suggested on the basis of hyphal morphology. Hyphae of Aspergillus spp. were not found in any of the lesions. A concurrent fungal and mycobacterial infection (M. avium) was diagnosed in one case. Thus, zygomycetes are the main cause of macroscopically apparent mycotic lymphadenitis, a sporadic disease most probably caused by feeding with mouldy food stuffs.

Evidence of spinal tuberculosis at the beginning of the fourth millennium BC from Arene Candide cave (Liguria, Italy)

This paper describes tuberculosislike lesions affecting the spine of Neolithic skeleton found in Arene Candide cave (Liguria, Italy) and representing one of the earliest cases of this disease in Europe. The burial is attributed to middle Neolithic (square-mouthed pottery culture) whose layers date, by 14C, to the first half of the fourth millennium BC. The skeleton, well preserved in the postcranial portion, belongs to a male aged about 15 years having a very light body build. Resorptive lesions localized to the lower thoracic and upper lumbar vertebral bodies, collapse and angular kyphosis, resulting from complete destruction of T11 and T12 and partial destruction of T10 and L1, are the main pathologic features. The morphology of the lesions, sites involved, and age of the specimen are consistent with a diagnosis of tuberculous spondylitis (Pott's disease). The extreme gracility of the skeleton, along with other signs of stress (Harris lines, enamel hypoplasia) suffered during the last years of life, and the limited bony regeneration point to a disease process in its late phase having arisen at the beginning of adolescence. The funerary ritual suggests that the social integration of this adolescent was not prevented by the severe infirmity.

Malacoplakia-like lesion in the lymph node of a pig

Among 112 mandibular and mesenteric lymph nodes with tuberculosis-like lesions from slaughtered pigs, one tuberculous lymph node had a malacoplakia-like granulomatous lesion; no similar lesion has been recorded before in animals.

The isolation of an atypical mycobacterium from three wood pigeons with tuberculosis-like lesions

Cultural and biological tests were carried out on the livers and spleens of three wood pigeons. Acid-fast organisms were observed in histological sections and smears taken from tuberculosis-like lesions in the organs. Biological tests revealed that all the isolates sensitised the guinea pig to avian tuberculin. One was pathogenic for chickens while the remaining two were non-pathogenic. All were non-pathogenic for rabbits and domestic pigeons. The organisms could not be cultured on conventional media for Mycobacterium tuberculosis or media containing mycobactin. However they were readily maintained on 7H11 media. These results indicate a separate species of mycobacterium related to M avium.

A STUDY OF TUBERCULOSIS‐LIKE LESIONS IN CATTLE SLAUGHTERED IN QUEENSLAND MEATWORKS

Australian Veterinary JournalVolume 50, Issue 1 p. 18-18 Free Access A STUDY OF TUBERCULOSIS-LIKE LESIONS IN CATTLE SLAUGHTERED IN QUEENSLAND MEATWORKS L. Tammemägi B.V.Sc., Dr.med.vet, M.A.C.V.Sc., L. Tammemägi B.V.Sc., Dr.med.vet, M.A.C.V.Sc.Search for more papers by this authorG. C. Simmons B.Sc., G. C. Simmons B.Sc.Search for more papers by this authorRosemary Kelman B.Sc., Rosemary Kelman B.Sc.Search for more papers by this authorW. T. K. Hall B.V.Sc., M.A.C.V.Sc., W. T. K. Hall B.V.Sc., M.A.C.V.Sc.Search for more papers by this author L. Tammemägi B.V.Sc., Dr.med.vet, M.A.C.V.Sc., L. Tammemägi B.V.Sc., Dr.med.vet, M.A.C.V.Sc.Search for more papers by this authorG. C. Simmons B.Sc., G. C. Simmons B.Sc.Search for more papers by this authorRosemary Kelman B.Sc., Rosemary Kelman B.Sc.Search for more papers by this authorW. T. K. Hall B.V.Sc., M.A.C.V.Sc., W. T. K. Hall B.V.Sc., M.A.C.V.Sc.Search for more papers by this author First published: January 1974 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1974.tb09364.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume50, Issue1January 1974Pages 18-18 RelatedInformation

PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS IN PIGS*

Australian Veterinary JournalVolume 30, Issue 2 p. 54-54 PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS IN PIGS* First published: February 1954 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1954.tb08158.xCitations: 1 † *Tammemagi, L. (1953) .-Tuberculosis-like lesions in the submaxillary lymph nodes of pigs in Queensland. Queenslaid J . Agr, Sci., 10: 81–107. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume30, Issue2February 1954Pages 54-54 RelatedInformation

Tuberculosis-like lesions in the pig

Tuberculosis-like lesions in the pig

The susceptibility of the golden hamster (Cricetus auratus) to bovine, human and avian tubercle bacilli and to the vole strain of acid-fast bacillus (Wells)

All the four types of acid-fast bacilli used in this investigation have proved virulent for the golden hamster. Of the four types the bovine is the most virulent for the species and, after subcutaneous inoculation, gives rise to severe generalized progressive tuberculosis, the lesions containing enormous numbers of tubercle bacilli. The human type is also highly virulent for the hamster and produces general progressive tuberculosis closely resembling that set up by bovine bacilli. Caseation of the lesions in the organs was, however, less extensive in the human than in the bovine infections but there was little difference in this respect between the glandular lesions of the two infections, and multiplication of bacilli was as profuse in one as in the other. Avian bacilli can readily multiply in the tissues of the hamster and cause death, but appear unable to give rise to macroscopic tuberculous lesions. Only one hamster was injected with avian bacilli and the result of this experiment is not in accord with those of Balfour-Jones already quoted. The vole bacillus is less virulent for the hamster than either the bovine or the human type of bacillus. Of the two hamsters injected with this type of bacillus one was killed 152 days later, its general condition then being good and its body showing plenty of subcutaneous fat. Nevertheless the organs were found to contain tuberculosis-like lesions, numerous in the spleen and liver, and the lymphatic glands generally were enlarged. The remaining hamster died 188 days after inoculation and showed generalized disease very similar to that in the last hamster. The glandular and visceral lesions of both hamsters contained very numerous acid-fast bacilli but, in striking contrast to those produced by bovine and human bacilli, showed no evidence of caseation.Acid-fast bacilli were present in the faeces of all the hamsters; they were numerous in those of hamsters 3, 4, 5 and 2 and relatively sparse in those of hamsters 1 and 6.