Trust Management Research Articles

A Trust Management Method Based on Ensemble Learning for Ocean-Oriented Cloud-Edge Collaborative Networks

A Trust Management Method Based on Ensemble Learning for Ocean-Oriented Cloud-Edge Collaborative Networks

Smart Healthcare: A Dynamic Blockchain-Based Trust Management Model Using Subarray Algorithm

Smart Healthcare: A Dynamic Blockchain-Based Trust Management Model Using Subarray Algorithm

Multimedia Data Transmission with Secure Routing in M-IOT-based Data Transmission using Deep Learning Architecture

The proliferation of Multimedia Internet of Things (MIoT) introduces unprecedented challenges in ensuring the security and reliability of data transmission. This paper proposes a novel approach, the Hierarchical Trust Aware Blockchain (HTaB) model, designed to address the complex requirements of MIoT networks. The HTaB model combines the strengths of blockchain technology and a hierarchical trust structure to enhance data integrity, secure routing, and trust management. The integrated blockchain component of the HTaB model is rigorously evaluated, demonstrating the validation of eight blocks per second, a consensus mechanism time of 15 milliseconds, and an average block creation time of 12 seconds. These metrics affirm the efficiency and responsiveness of the blockchain in safeguarding MIoT data transmissions. Simulation results across varying network sizes showcase the scalability of the HTaB model, indicating high throughput, low Latency, and a robust packet delivery ratio. Comparative analyses against Conventional RPL and a Generic Trust Scheme underscore the competitive advantages of the HTaB model, exhibiting superior energy efficiency, higher throughput, a remarkable packet delivery ratio, and minimal packet loss. This paper comprehensively explains the HTaB model’s capabilities in securing and efficiently transmitting multimedia data within MIoT networks. The proposed model presents a promising solution for addressing the evolving challenges in MIoT environments, providing a foundation for further research and practical implementation in real-world scenarios.

2020년 개정 부가가치세법과 저작권신탁관리제도

Korea’s Value Added Tax Act had treated the supply of goods or services related to trust property in a manner similar to consignment transactions, without explicit statutory provisions. In 2020, the amended Value Added Tax Act (Act No. 17653, dated December 22, 2020, partially amended, enforced from January 1, 2022) designated the trustee as a taxpayer and established specific regulations aimed at preventing tax avoidance and securing tax claims related to trusts.
 The amended Value Added Tax Act primarily focused on real estate trusts and money trusts, giving insufficient attention to copyright trusts, which are mainly used for the management and utilization of copyrights.
 When examining the issues arising from the amended Value Added Tax Act, focusing on the case of music copyright trust management organizations, first, Copyright trust management organizations are expected to bear a significant amount of tax compliance costs in carrying out business registration obligations for trust property belonging to trusts established after January 1, 2022. Next, in accordance with Article 5 of the supplementary provisions of the amended Value Added Tax Act, a situation may arise in which consignor taxation and trustee taxation are applied simultaneously for a considerable period of time, which may undermine the original purpose of introducing the copyright trust, which is to effectively manage and utilize copyright for copyright holders and users. Finally, when applying the consignor’s taxation regulations in cases where the consignor is unknown, Value Added Tax Act does not specify otherwise. Furthermore, within the trustee’s taxation regulations, there are no regulations addressing the application of Value Added Tax exemption on copyright fees.
 As recommendations for addressing the Value Added Tax issues surrounding copyright trust management, the following are proposed. First, the regulations on the registration of trust property comprehensive businesses allowed for real estate collateral trusts of trust companies should be allowed for copyright trust management organizations approved by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism under Article 105 of Copyright Act. Next, when applying Article 5 of the Supplementary Provisions to the revised Value Added Tax Act, copyright trust management organizations must be allowed to selectively exclude application. Finally, in consideration of the characteristics of copyright trusts, a value-added tax practice in the form of consignment trading centered on copyright trust management organizations should be prepared.
 This study is meaningful in that it presents issues and improvement measures in VAT practice related to intellectual property rights not addressed in the VAT area, especially copyright trust management systems using copyright as trust property.

기술신탁의 법경제적 분석에 관한 연구

Trust is a system derived from Common law, but it is widely used in Civil law countries, and technology trust can be said to be of great significance as a system that can maximize the economic utility of the trust system. In this study, based on the legal structure of technology trust, an economic analysis of the internal relationship of technology trust and technology trust management institutions was attempted to discuss how technology trust achieves efficiency. The summary of the contents is as follows. First of all, it was discussed that technology trust imposes fiduciary duty on the trustee to solve the problem of agency and transaction costs. The fiduciary duty of the existing trust law is applied as it is to technology trust, and in addition, the fiduciary duty is incorporated into contracts to reduce transaction costs. It was explained that since the fiduciary duty is a standard, not a rule, and costs are incurred, judicial costs are being reduced through sub-standards that specify the contents of the fiduciary duty. Regarding the restrictions on the participation of commercial corporations by technology trust management institutions, it was explained that the participation of private corporations increases the economic utility of society as a whole. It was presented based on the fact that existing trust companies are unlikely to handle technology trust business, that the scope of business activities of technology trust management business has expanded, which has increased the incentives for for-profit corporations to participate in the market, and that participation of for-profit corporations can contribute to increasing social welfare from a legal and economic perspective. Lastly, in relation to the non-dispute obligation imposed by the contract between the technology trust management institution and the licensee, it was reviewed whether the person concerned in the request for invalidation trial of the prior licensee was reviewed. Since the technology trust management institution is the least cost avoider compared to the licensee, the licenseeʼs request for invalidation trial can be justified. A request for invalidation trial by a licensee is a case in which a legal act is invalidated by applying the inalienability rule, and it can be said that the license contract itself is highly likely to create an external effect to a third party. Even if there is a non-dispute agreement in terms of the welfare of society as a whole, if this cannot be justified in terms of external effects, the licensee can claim for invalidation despite the non-dispute agreement. The criterion for determining the legitimacy of a non-dispute agreement is the case where transaction costs are minimized, and it is judged that the transaction costs can be minimized by leaving it to the judgment of the court.

Board Independent, Firm Size, CEO Ownership, and Accounting Conservatism: Evidence Banking Company in Indonesia

The aim of this study is to provide empirical findings regarding a range of determinants that may impact accounting conservatism. Specifically, the research will examine the effects of company size, CEO ownership, and independent boards. Secondary data, specifically information derived from annual financial reports, is utilized in this study. Information for financial reports is acquired from the IDX data stream and website. From 2013 to 2022, the population of this study comprises all banking institutions listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Significantly positive effects of board independence and company size on accounting conservatism are demonstrated by the findings of this study. Furthermore, CEO ownership has a significant negative impact on accounting conservatism, according to the findings of this study. The findings of this study present a practical illustration for stakeholders regarding the responsibilities of shareholders, which may prove beneficial in overseeing the organization’s operations. This research demonstrates that when a company is owned by its CEO, its conservatism decreases. The findings of this research have implications for decision-makers who rely on financial reports. Stakeholders can place trust in managers who provide information about the company through financial reports that reflect its condition.

Navigating the path to economic empowerment: overcoming challenges in digital platforms for economic empowerment

This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the challenges faced by economic empowerment digital platforms. As these online platforms revolutionize the economic landscape, they encounter various hurdles that hinder their potential for fostering financial inclusion and empowerment. Through an extensive analysis of existing literature and empirical studies, this survey identifies and categorizes the key challenges faced by these platforms. The survey reveals that regulatory frameworks pose significant obstacles to economic empowerment digital platforms. Issues such as unclear or outdated regulations, varying legal requirements across jurisdictions, and the need for compliance with consumer protection and data privacy laws hinder platform operations and expansion. Moreover, the absence of standardized regulations often leads to legal uncertainties and challenges in ensuring fair competition. Furthermore, the survey highlights the persistent challenge of trust and reputation management within economic empowerment digital platforms. As these platforms rely heavily on user-generated content and interactions, establishing trust among users becomes critical. Issues such as fraudulent activities, identity verification, and dispute resolution mechanisms emerge as key challenges that platforms must address to maintain user trust and credibility. The survey also addresses the technological challenges faced by economic empowerment digital platforms. Issues such as cybersecurity threats, data breaches, and privacy concerns pose significant risks to both platform operators and users. Platforms must invest in robust security measures and adopt innovative technologies to mitigate these challenges and safeguard user information and transactions. Additionally, the survey examines challenges related to financial inclusion and accessibility. Despite the potential for economic empowerment, certain groups, such as individuals from low-income communities or those lacking digital literacy, may face barriers in accessing and utilizing these platforms. Bridging the digital divide and ensuring equal opportunities for all individuals to participate and benefit from these platforms remains an ongoing challenge. Finally, the survey highlights the need for collaboration and cooperation among stakeholders. Platform operators, policymakers, regulatory bodies, and user communities must engage in constructive dialogue to address the challenges faced by economic empowerment digital platforms effectively. Collaborative efforts can lead to the development of regulatory frameworks, industry standards, and best practices that foster a conducive environment for these platforms to thrive.

Исследование трансформации рынка частных инвестиций в России на современном этапе

The need to ensure the stable development of the Russian economy and financial market in the current geopolitical conditions presupposes the use of domestic financial resources as the main source of investment. Of particular scientific and practical importance is the identification and research of key trends and growth drivers in the development of the Russian private investment market, the main participants of which are resident individuals. The analysis of the features and changes in the functioning of the domestic stock market at the present stage allowed us to substantiate the conclusion about the strengthening of the role of the retail investor, including due to the universal digitalization of society and increasing the availability of basic exchange instruments for the mass consumer, whose investment behavior is now becoming decisive in the transformation of the Russian stock system as the largest element of the financial market in the country. A study of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the activities of resident individuals on the stock exchange in the segment of trust management and brokerage services, which allowed to assess the volume of their investment, investment activity, share of participation in auctions, including in certain market segments, industry rotation of investments, investment horizon, as well as to identify the significant changes in the retail investor's investment preferences, which affected the structure and quality of his portfolio. The factors and areas of activity that contribute to the solution of the task identified at the state level as a priority to stimulate the process of transforming the savings of the population into long-term investments are identified.

Values mapping workshop: What are your integrated care values?

Background: In the integrated care literature, functional aspects such as organisational forms, improving processes, funding issues and ICT challenges are dominant. However, although a lot has been written about these features, it is still difficult to understand why integrated care sometimes works, and sometimes does not. The scale-up of integrated care and the measurement of its impact therefore remain challenging.
 By focusing our efforts on structural or process elements, we might underestimate the role of human factors and relationships in integrated care. Concepts as trust, belief and relationship management seem fundamental. It is essential to also include these in our thinking, because after all integrated care is about people and for people. In integrated health care programmes and networks, lots of people with a variety of backgrounds and values work together; relations are key. This workshop provides insight in these “human factors” and lets participants experience the role of underlying values.
 Why a workshop? A workshop format offers the opportunity to actually perform and experience the values mapping exercise. Both individually and groupwise.
 Target audience: Our workshop will be of interest to professionals, managers and policy and decision makers seeking to learn more about the role of values in integrated care. Researchers may also find our workshop relevant, because we will use the exercise for data collection and we present several theoretical insights.
 Workshop structure
 
 Welcome and Introduction (10 min)
 
 - The importance of normative integration?
 - Who are you and made you choose this session?
 
 Theoretical background (10 min)
 
 - What are values?
 - What does recent research show us?
 
 Values mapping exercise (individually, 10 min)
 Start the exercise with examining your own integrated care values by carefully identifying the values and norms underpinning integrated care.
 Position the values on the map. The different boxes on the map reflect the importance of the particular value, ranging from ""not important"" to ""very important"". Please take your time; repositioning or shuffling is okay!
 Reflection in pairs (10 min)
 Reflect on your values map with your ‘partner’
 Discuss possible differences between you and your partner
 Please explain: why are these values important to you? Could you provide an example from practice?
 How do you apply these values in your work and collaborations?
 Plenary discussion: Learnings and takeaways (10 min)
 Reflection on the exercise; reflections on the role of values, linkage to the introduction/theory, collaborative sharing of experiences
 What are your takeaways?
 What golden rules could you formulate?
 Plenary discussion: Practical applicability (10 min)
 
 Discussion about how can we use values and the workshop insights for:
 
 How can we use values in network governance?
 How can values help us in decision-making?
 How can we use values in accountability?
 
 This interactive workshop will be facilitated by: 1) Prof Mirella Minkman, PhD (Vilans and TIAS/Tilburg University, The Netherlands - Role: Chair, theoretical reflections), 2) Nick Zonneveld MSc. (Vilans and TIAS/Tilburg University, The Netherlands – Role: Moderator, reflections)"

RTRV: An RSU-assisted trust-based routing protocol for VANETs

Routing in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) enables efficient communication and data exchange between vehicles and infrastructure components, which is a critical aspect of providing intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Due to the dynamic nature of VANETs, where vehicles have high mobility and frequent link disconnections, secure routing protocols are essential for establishing reliable and efficient communication paths. Employing trust criteria in routing is an effective solution that routing protocols use to become secure. In this paper, we propose an RSU-assisted trust-based routing protocol for VANETs (RTRV), which considers trust criteria to provide secure routing. To identify and limit malicious nodes from disrupting the routing, RTRV provides a more reliable monitoring process for trust management, which increases resistance to trust-based attacks. In the monitoring process, as each data packet is sent to a next-hop, two vehicles observe the behavior of the next-hop in forwarding the packet, and the observations are then used to update the direct trust of the next-hop. The observations are additionally reported to RSUs, which gather the reports to update the indirect trust of the next-hop and provide recommendations to vehicles within their transmission range. In addition to indirect trust management, in RTRV, RSUs play an active role in the routing of data packets, which improves the routing performance. We simulated the proposed protocol in different scenarios with SUMO and OMNeT++ tools and then compared it with the TGRV protocol. The results of our analysis conclusively show that RTRV outperforms TGRV in terms of packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and average hop count in both scenarios, with and without RSU. Specifically, in the RTRV without RSU scenario, when the percentage of malicious vehicles reaches 25%, RTRV achieves a 3.8% higher packet delivery ratio compared to TGRV. Furthermore, RTRV demonstrates significantly reduced end-to-end delay and average hop count, with values 0.14 and 0.11 times lower than TGRV, respectively. In addition, the cost and security analysis demonstrate that the proposed protocol has acceptable overheads in memory, communication, and computation and is also resistant to critical trust-based attacks.

T-FedHA: A Trusted Hierarchical Asynchronous Federated Learning Framework for Internet of Things

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning system designed to effectively address potential data privacy concerns, making it particularly promising for the Internet of Things (IoT). However, challenges arise due to the trust and heterogeneity of IoT devices. FL often assumes devices are trustworthy and curious, which is impractical in the realistic IoT environment where the trustworthiness of participating devices becomes an intractable problem. Additionally, the diverse computational power and communication efficiency across IoT devices impact the efficiency and performance of FL. To address these challenges and enable the effective implementation of FL in the IoT environment, this article proposes a Trusted Hierarchical Asynchronous Federated Learning Framework (T-FedHA). The framework introduces a “Device-Edge-Central” hierarchy and employs a distributed trust management model. This model manages the trust of IoT devices, selecting devices that meet trust requirements for FL training. This enhances the security and trustworthiness of the overall FL system. Furthermore, T-FedHA integrates standard FL methods with a hierarchical asynchronous strategy that includes edge servers. This approach improves model aggregation and update processes, employing an asynchronous technique that considers the staleness of model updates to enhance overall performance and effectiveness. Extensive experiments confirm the efficacy of T-FedHA. The distributed trust management model efficiently calculates and manages IoT device trust, allowing only trusted devices to participate in FL training. The hierarchical asynchronous approach proves more feasible and efficient, as well as robust and flexible, contributing to the reliability of the proposed framework.

Effect of Human Resource Management Practices and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure on Employee Outcomes: Examining the Moderating Role of Trust in Management

This paper has examined the relationship among HRM practices, CSR disclosure and employee outcomes. This study contributes to previous literature by examining the moderating impact of trust in management among HRM practices_ employee outcomes, and CSR disclosure_employee outcomes relationships. Based on theory of Social information processing (SIP) trust in management was taken as moderator among HRM practices and employee outcomes. While, on the basis of Social exchange theory (SET) trust in management was taken as moderator among CSR disclosure and employee outcomes. This study sample consist of 250 managerial employees from banking sector of Pakistan. Primary data was collected through physical distribution of structured questionnaires and analysed using various statistical tools like, correlation and regression analysis with the help of SPSS software. Results showed affirmative link among HRM practices, CSR disclosure and employee outcomes. Moderation of trust in management among above relations is also confirmed.

Natural disaster literacy in Iran: Survey-based evidence from Tehran

Based on a survey of 502 participants conducted in 2020/2021, this study investigates the state of natural disaster literacy in the Iranian capital of Tehran, which is one of the main metropolitan areas of the country. The results of the empirical investigation using logistic regressions suggest that household income level, trust in Iran's natural disaster management, fear of natural disasters, perceived frequency of natural disasters, and internet usage show positive associations with natural disaster literacy. Additionally, a natural disaster literacy index (DLI) for Tehran City is created, ranging from 0 to 100, using 14 natural disaster literacy indicators. Ordinary least squares (OLS) estimations with the final index provide additional evidence of previous findings. When comparing the average DLI scores of the northern and southern phone districts, spatial inequality within Tehran City becomes visible, where the northern subsample has significantly higher DLI scores than the southern subsample. The conclusion highlights the limited impact of natural disaster experience and formal education on natural disaster literacy, emphasizing the effectiveness of specialized disaster training programs especially targeted at low-income households. Moreover, increasing trust between citizens and the organizations responsible for natural disaster management and educating citizens about the possible risks and frequency of natural disasters in the region help to motivate citizens to be better prepared.

Can a Village Website Be an Indicator of Public Transparency?

The village is the lowest unit that must be a government structure which in financial management is based on the principles of good governance and transparency. Transparency as accountability to all stakeholders as well as a supervisory effort to minimize fraudulent forms of financial management. One form of transparency is through the management of village websites. But in reality the village website has not been managed optimally. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the transparency of village financial management through websites in 280 villages that are within the scope of the Grobogan Regency area. The method used is qualitative research with a descriptive interpretation approach, namely observing, describing and interpreting objects and then drawing conclusions. Data collection based on content analysis regarding village management achievements. The results showed that the utilization of village websites in Grobogan Regency as a form of transparency had not been maximized. The lack of transparency is due to the lack of information provided, and many websites only provide tools with no content in them, thereby triggering a possible decrease in public and other stakeholders’ trust in village management

Employee Trust in Management: Evidence from the Greek Private and Public Sectors

In contrast to the vast literature on trust in management, the aspect of employee trust towards managers in Greece is still under researched. This paper aims to fill this gap by exploring the factors which determine employee trust towards managers in the case of the Greek dual labor market. Primary data collected through a questionnaire survey of employees are explored in a model where employee and workplace characteristics and employee’s experiences of economic depression are predictors of employee trust towards managers. The analysis of two different samples "public sector with workplace representation" and "private sector without workplace representation" allow for inferences and conclusions about the effects of the duality of the Greek labor market on employee trust towards managers. The results indicate differences in the effects of age, workplace tenure and hours worked on employee trust in management between public sector employees (trade union members) and private sector employees (not being members).

Access Control, Key Management, and Trust for Emerging Wireless Body Area Networks.

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are an emerging industrial technology for monitoring physiological data. These networks employ medical wearable and implanted biomedical sensors aimed at improving quality of life by providing body-oriented services through a variety of industrial sensing gadgets. The sensors collect vital data from the body and forward this information to other nodes for further services using short-range wireless communication technology. In this paper, we provide a multi-aspect review of recent advancements made in this field pertaining to cross-domain security, privacy, and trust issues. The aim is to present an overall review of WBAN research and projects based on applications, devices, and communication architecture. We examine current issues and challenges with WBAN communications and technologies, with the aim of providing insights for a future vision of remote healthcare systems. We specifically address the potential and shortcomings of various Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) architectures and communication schemes that are proposed to maintain security, privacy, and trust within digital healthcare systems. Although current solutions and schemes aim to provide some level of security, several serious challenges remain that need to be understood and addressed. Our aim is to suggest future research directions for establishing best practices in protecting healthcare data. This includes monitoring, access control, key management, and trust management. The distinguishing feature of this survey is the combination of our review with a critical perspective on the future of WBANs.

A Comprehensive Review for 4-D Trust Management in Distributed IoT

A Comprehensive Review for 4-D Trust Management in Distributed IoT

EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION TRANSPARENCY VIA @GANJAR_PRANOWO'S INSTAGRAM CONTENT ON PUBLIC TRUST IN PANDEMIC SITUATION

In 2020, Central Java Province, led by Governor Ganjar Pranowo, stood out in the Saiful Mujani Research Center (SMRC) survey, ranking first among regional governments with a 73% approval rate for its swift and responsive pandemic policies, surpassing the national standard of 59%. This success prompted an investigation, particularly as Instagram emerged as Ganjar Pranowo's primary tool for communicating his governance efforts during the pandemic. Instagram, as a platform, demonstrated greater responsiveness than other social media platforms. Observations revealed heightened interaction levels on Instagram compared to Twitter, evident in increased comments and likes. Ganjar Pranowo strategically utilized Instagram for public interaction, disseminating information, fostering community support, and educating the public about COVID-19. This study explores the realm of Political Communication through online mass media, emphasizing the evolving role of mass media and Ganjar Pranowo's adept use of it for open communication during the pandemic. Employing a quantitative approach, the research utilized questionnaires distributed to @ganjar_pranowo Instagram followers in Central Java, complemented by interviews with selected informants. Simple linear regression analysis, grounded in the principles of Good Governance, served as the theoretical framework. Findings analyzed using SPSS 25.0, revealed a significant impact of information transparency on public trust. With a calculated F-value of 146.267 and a significance level of 0.000 (< 0.05), the study suggests that information transparency through Instagram content influences public trust in pandemic management by approximately 59.9%, with 40.9% influenced by unexplored variables.

TMETA: Trust Management for the Cold Start of IoT Services With Digital-Twin-Aided Blockchain

TMETA: Trust Management for the Cold Start of IoT Services With Digital-Twin-Aided Blockchain

Enhancement the Security by creating ontology-based Trust Management using Semantic Web tools

The most traditional policy models which do not consider dynamic nature of distribute systems and the limitation in addressing issues like adaptability, extensibility, and reasoning over security policies. The main cause of the flexibility and scalability issues in the environments of the Internet and dynamic networks is that there is no central control over the environments, and users are not predetermined. As a result, security and trust issues become critical in the various systems; enhancing the security of these environments would require adding trust to the existing security infrastructures. Few trust models have taken into account the semantic relationship for pervasive elements, despite the fact that numerous models have been proposed to address trust issues in dynamic environments; especially those who related to trust categories. In our work, we solve issues resulted from security and tracking the dynamics of participating communication devices in dynamic distributed networks. Through using ontology for trust management which it is define vocabularies used to described and represented an area of knowledge. For representation, we used semantic web's tools to represent the domain of the dynamic environment and we improv that the reasoning succusses in inference the trusted device and user exactly where we do query.