Trust In Doctors Research Articles

Factors associated with the choice of primary care facilities for initial treatment among rural and urban residents in Southwestern China.

ObjectiveTo explore influential factors contributing to the choice of primary care facilities (PCFs) for the initial treatment among rural and urban residents in Southwestern China.MethodsA face-to-face survey was conducted on a multistage stratified random sample of 456 rural and 459 urban residents in Sichuan Province from January to August in 2014. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on residents’ characteristics, provider of initial treatment and principal reason for the choice. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with choosing PCFs for the initial treatment.ResultsThe result showed that 65.4% of the rural residents and 50.5% of the urban residents chose PCFs as their initial contact for medical care. Among both rural and urban residents, the principal reason for choosing medical institutions for the initial treatment was convenience (42.3% versus 40.5%, respectively), followed by high quality of medical care (26.5% versus 29.4%, respectively). Compared to rural residents, urban residents were more likely to value trust in doctors and high quality of medical care but were less likely to value the insurance designation status of the facilities. Logistic regression analysis showed that both rural and urban residents were less likely to choose PCFs for the initial treatment if they lived more than 15 minutes (by walk) from the nearest facilities (rural: OR = 0.15, 95%CI = 0.09–0.26; urban: OR = 0.19, 95%CI = 0.10–0.36), had fair (rural: OR = 0.49, 95%CI = 0.26–0.92; urban: OR = 0.31, 95%CI = 0.15–0.64) or poor (rural: OR = 0.14, 95%CI = 0.07–0.30; urban: OR = 0.22, 95%CI = 0.11–0.44) self-reported health status. Among rural residents, attending college or higher education (OR = 0.21, 95%CI = 0.08–0.59), being retired (OR = 0.90, 95%CI = 0.44–1.84) and earning a per capita annual income of household of 10,000–29,999 (OR = 0.24, 95%CI = 0.11–0.52) and 30,000–49,999 (OR = 0.26, 95%CI = 0.07–0.92) were associated with lower rates of seeking care at PCFs.ConclusionEfforts should be made to improve the accessibility of PCFs and to upgrade the services capability of PCFs both in rural and urban areas in China. At the same time, resources should be prioritized to residents with poorer self-reported health status, and rural residents who retire or have better education and higher income levels should be taken into account.

Usos de Internet por parte de los ciudadanos puertorriqueños en su relación con los médicos

En este artículo discutimos cómo incide la utilización de Internet para la búsqueda de información de salud por parte de los ciudadanos puertorriqueños en la relación médico-paciente. En el mismo se explora si los pacientes comparten la información encontrada con sus médicos, además, de cómo es la reacción del doctor ante la búsqueda de información de salud en Internet por parte de sus pacientes o clientes. También, se trata de contestar la interrogante de si las búsquedas en línea mejoran la confianza en el médico y si estos profesionales de la salud recomiendan la consulta de páginas web de salud.

A Study on the Influence of Patient Participation on Patient Trust-Based on Sample Survey in China.

Trust plays a central role in a doctor – patient relationship, and patient’s trust in doctors is the most important factor in trust relationship between the doctor and the patient. By reviewing the existing studies, this study proposes that patient participation is an antecedent variable influencing patient trust, and the patient can take the initiative to participate in diagnostic activities with the aim of establishing and maintaining the psychological contract with the doctor, thereby strengthening doctor-patient trust. In this study, we propose the model on the relationship between the patient participation, the patient’s psychological contract and the patient trust, and then conduct an empirical study. The research findings indicate that patient participation is an antecedent variable for the patient’s psychological contract and patient trust; the patient’s psychological contract is a mediator variable between the patient participation and the patient’s trust in doctor; patient participation can be categorized as three dimensions: information search, responsible behavior, and interpersonal relationship. Thus, we should encourage patient participation, advocate the shared decision-making, and promote the synergic improvement of interpersonal trust and universal trust between doctors and patients.

Communicating with Vulnerable Patient Populations: A Randomized Intervention to Teach Inpatients to Use the Electronic Patient Portal.

Background Patient portals are expanding as a means to engage patients and have evidence for benefit in the outpatient setting. However, few studies have evaluated their use in the inpatient setting, or with vulnerable patient populations. Objective This article assesses an intervention to teach hospitalized vulnerable patients to access their discharge summaries using electronic patient portals. Methods Patients at a safety net hospital were randomly assigned to portal use education or usual care. Surveys assessed perceptions of discharge paperwork and the electronic portal. Results Of the 202 prescreened eligible patients (e.g., deemed mentally competent, spoke English, and had a telephone), only 43% had working emails. Forty-four percent of participants did not remember receiving or reading discharge paperwork. Patients trained in portal use ( n = 47) or receiving usual care ( n = 23) preferred hospitals with online record access (85 and 83%, respectively), and felt that online access would increase their trust in doctors (85 and 87%) and satisfaction with care (91% each). Those who received training in portal use were more likely to register for the portal (48% vs. 11%; p < 0.01). Conclusion Patients had positive perceptions of portals, and education increased portal use. Lack of email access is a notable barrier to electronic communication with vulnerable patients.

Impact of Risk-Benefit Perception and Trust on Medical Technology Acceptance in Relation to Drug and Device Lag: A Tripartite Cross-Sectional Survey.

New drug and medical device introduction in Japan usually lags behind that in the West. Many reports indicate that in Japan, the associated risks are considered greater than the benefits recognized in other countries. This study aimed to compare the relationship between risk-benefit perception and acceptance of medical technologies in 3 leading markets. A tripartite cross-sectional survey of the general public was used. In total, 3345 adults in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Japan participated, and sexes and age groups were equally represented. Questions about the perception of risk, benefit, and acceptance of medical and other scientific technologies, and trust of medical product providers or regulatory authorities were included. Five-step Likert coding for risk/benefit/acceptance of 4 medical items (x-rays, antibiotics, vaccines, and cardiac pacemakers) and 6 general items (such as automobiles and airplanes) were collected. Relationships between benefit perception and acceptance were linear for 4 medical technologies. The relationship had a similar slope but was shifted downward in Japan compared with the UK and US ( P < .01), suggesting a lower acceptance in Japan for all benefit perceptions. The trend was the same between risk perception and acceptance, except for slopes that were negative. Correspondence analysis showed a strong correlation among acceptance of medical technologies, benefits of medical technologies, trust in doctors, and trust in the Department of Health. The UK and US attributes were clustered with positive responses such as "useful," "acceptable," and "trustworthy," whereas Japan was clustered with intermediate to negative responses such as "neither" and "untrustworthy." Acceptance of medical technologies was low in Japan because of significant differences in trust for doctors and authorities compared with that in the UK and US. This is a possible basis for delays of 24 to 60 months for medical product approval in Japan.

Doctor-Patient Trust Among Chronic Pain Patients on Chronic Opioid Therapy after Opioid Risk Reduction Initiatives: A Survey.

This analysis examined patients' perceptions about trust within the doctor-patient relationship related to managing opioid pain medications. We compared perceptions among chronic opioid therapy (COT) patients who were and were not exposed to opioid risk reduction initiatives. Between 2014 and 2016, we surveyed 1588 adults with chronic pain receiving COT about their trust in their prescribing doctor, their perceptions of their doctor's trust in them, their concerns about opioid prescribing, and their knowledge of opioid safety concerns. The population included adults receiving care in intervention settings that implemented opioid risk reduction initiatives and control settings with similar COT patients that did not. Overall, 82.2% of COT patients said they trusted their doctor's judgment, with more agreement among patients in the control clinics (86.3%; n = 653) than in the intervention clinics (77.9%; n = 935; P = .002). Similarly, slightly more patients in the control clinics believed their physician trusted how they managed their opioid pain medicines (91.1%) compared with the intervention clinics (86.2%; P = .002). The percent who worried that their doctor would stop prescribing opioid pain medicine was 29.3% in intervention clinics and 21.8% in control clinics (P = .007). Although COT patients typically reported favorable perceptions of doctor-patient trust in managing opioid pain medicines, implementation of opioid risk reduction initiatives may have reduced levels of trust for a minority of COT patients. This suggests that it may be possible to implement opioid risk-reduction initiatives while sustaining high levels of doctor-patient trust for most COT patients.

Factors influencing the willingness to participate in medical research: a nationwide survey in Taiwan

BackgroundParticipation rate is one of the main challenges medical researchers face. We examined how demographic background and trust in medical research affect the willingness of people to participate in medical research in Taiwan.MethodsData from the 2011 Taiwan Genomic Survey (a nationwide representative face-to-face survey) were analyzed. The survey included a vignette of a researcher conducting a clinical trial of an investigative medicinal product, and questions for interviewees regarding their willingness to participate in research after they were informed of the scenario description. A total of 3,159 people, aged 18 to 70 years, were sampled, and 1,538 of them completed the survey. With missing data excluded, a total of 1,389 respondents were included in the final analysis.ResultsAbout 12 percent of the respondents answered that they would be willing to participate in medical research. Respondents who had college degrees or above and were married or lived with significant others were less likely to participate in medical research. By contrast, male respondents, and respondents whose household family members had biomedicine-related degrees or had one themselves were more likely to participate in medical research. After adjustment for demographic factors, respondents were more likely to participate in medical research if: (1) they expressed trust in doctors conducting medical research; (2) they agreed that doctors would never ask them to join medical research studies that might harm them; (3) they thought that participating in a medical research study would be safe; and (4) they agreed that researchers had no selfish reasons for doing the medical research.DiscussionSome of our findings, such as the effects of education level and marital status on participation in medical research, are different from most findings of previous studies conducted in other countries. This study is useful for developing strategies to improve participant recruitment. Relevant discussions on research ethics and policies, such as the importance of public trust in medical researchers, could also be based on this study.

Trust in doctors and non-doctor sources for health and medical information.

10086Background: Patients today have unprecedented access to health and medical information (HMI) from a diverse range of sources. This access helps inform patients, but it may also misinform and a...

Does a Consumer-Targeted Deprescribing Intervention Compromise Patient-Healthcare Provider Trust?

One in four community-dwelling older adults is prescribed an inappropriate medication. Educational interventions aimed at patients to reduce inappropriate medications may cause patients to question their prescriber’s judgment. The objective of this study was to determine whether a patient-focused deprescribing intervention compromised trust between older adults and their healthcare providers. An educational brochure was distributed to community-dwelling older adults by community pharmacists in order to trigger deprescribing conversations. At baseline and 6-months post-intervention, participants completed the Primary Care Assessment Survey, which measures patient trust in doctors and pharmacists. Changes in trust were ascertained post-intervention. Proportions with 95% confidence intervals (CI), and logistic regression were used to determine a shift in trust and associated predictors. 352 participants responded to the questionnaire at both time points. The majority of participants had no change or gained trust in their doctors for items related to the choice of medical care (78.5%, 95% CI = 74.2–82.8), communication transparency (75.4%, 95% CI = 70.7–79.8), and overall trust (81.9%, 95% CI = 77.9–86.0). Similar results were obtained for participants’ perceptions of their pharmacists, with trust remaining intact for items related to the choice of medical care (79.4%, 95% CI = 75.3–83.9), transparency in communicating (82.0%, 95% CI = 78.0–86.1), and overall trust (81.6%, 95% CI = 77.5–85.7). Neither age, sex nor the medication class targeted for deprescribing was associated with a loss of trust. Overall, the results indicate that patient-focused deprescribing interventions do not shift patients’ trust in their healthcare providers in a negative direction.

Enablers to seeking professional help for psychological distress–a study on Chinese primary care attenders

This study investigated enablers to seeking professional help for psychological distress among Chinese primary care attenders in Hong Kong. Nine focus groups and six individual interviews were conducted among adult patients with/without known distress, significant others of the distressed, and the general public. The identified potential enablers were further investigated in a questionnaire survey with data from 1626 patients. Survey respondents who had sought professional help for distress (n = 231) and those without this experience (n = 1395) showed similar attitudes to the enabler items. However, the first group had more “strongly agree” responses and their top five enablers were: crisis caused by distress, distress affecting daily life, wanting to treat associated physical symptoms, having trust in doctor, and encouragement by family/friends to seek help. Qualitative interviews found that the patients often somatised distress and they felt comfortable to consult for somatic symptoms. There was strong family involvement in help-seeking whereas the doctors were the authoritative figures to convince the patients for treatment. The findings, in line with Western literature, indicate that crisis and interference in daily life due to distress are the top enablers to seeking professional help. The other three key enablers are likely to be influenced by Chinese culture.

Health seeking behavior and related factors among hypertensive and diabetic patients contracting medical service in Fangzhuang community health service center

Objective To investigate the health-seeking behavior and related factors among hypertensive and diabetic patients contracting medical service in Beijing Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center. Methods By using stratified random sampling method, 830 contracted hypertensive and diabetic patients were selected in the study. A face to face questionnaire survey was conducted in Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center from November 2016 to January 2017. Total 800 questionnaires were completed, and the medical behavior and influencing factors of patients were analyzed. Results The first-contact rate of community for hypertensive and diabetic patients was 73.0%(584/800). The reasons for choosing community service were: near home (86.3%, 690/800), shorter waiting time (71.4%, 571/800) and trust in doctors (50.3%, 402/800); while the reasons for not choosing community service were less drug varieties (76.1%, 609/800), poor facilities (32.1%, 257/800) and lower technical level (11.4%, 91/800). Its influencing factors were: frequent need of accompanying for visit (χ2=5.719, P=0.012), family income (χ2=4.540, P=0.021), awareness of service scopes(χ2=64.668, P=0.000), purpose of service(χ2=19.234, P=0.000), frequency of doctor contact(χ2=9.367, P=0.001), the awareness of referral(χ2=5.736, P=0.011). Conclusion The community health service centers should take the advantage of easy access, short waiting time and patients′ trust, at the same time should improve the service conditions and quality, so as to increase the first-contact rate for patients contracting medical service. Key words: Hypertension; Diabetes mellitus; Community health centers; Contract services

Zaufanie do lekarzy oraz przekonania osób starszych na temat efektywności medycyny w walce z chorobami nowotworowymi

Wstęp: Polska należy do krajów o najwyższych wskaźnikach umieralności na raka. Ponad 60% zachorowań na raka w Europie i USA odnotowuje się u osób powyżej 65. r.ż. W walce z chorobami nowotworowymi niezbędne są nie tylko działania makrostrukturalne, lecz również poprawa samej relacji lekarz–pacjent. Ważnym elementem tej relacji jest zaufanie pacjenta.W niniejszym artykule przedstawione zostały badania dotyczące zaufania osób starszych do lekarzy oraz ich przekonania na temat efektywności medycyny w walce z chorobami nowotworowymi, atakże wpływ takich zmiennych jak płeć, status ekonomiczny i wykształcenie na poziom zaufania do lekarza i medycyny.Materiały i metody: Badania socjologiczne zrealizowano w 2012 r. we Wrocławiu wśród 329 starszych osób. Zastosowano próbę kwotową. Jako metodę zastosowano wywiad kwestionariuszowy owysokim poziomie standaryzacji. Zastosowano dostępne metody analizy danych jakościowych.Wyniki: Większość badanych deklaruje zaufanie do lekarza, ale w różnym stopniu. Poziom zaufania do lekarza zależny jest od dochodów i wykształcenia; 44,98% zgadza się ze stwierdzeniem, że„współczesna medycyna (…) skutecznie radzi sobie z leczeniem nowotworów”, natomiast 55,02% respondentów nie zgadza się z tym stwierdzeniem. Istnieje zależność pomiędzy tym przekonaniem awysokością dochodów badanych.Wnioski: Poziom zaufania do lekarzy i medycyny jest zróżnicowany ze względu na zmienne społeczno-demograficzne wyznaczające nierówności w sferze zdrowia, tj. wiek, sytuację ekonomiczną ipoziom wykształcenia. Uzyskane wyniki posłużą do wypracowania skuteczniejszych działań z zakresu promocji zdrowia i profilaktyki onkologicznej ukierunkowanych na osoby starsze.

Trust matters: Patients’ and providers’ accounts of the role of trust in hypertension care in rural Tanzania

Background: Recent research indicates that biomedical response to the growing burden of non-communicable diseases in low income African countries is impacted by poor health care seeking, non-adherence to medication and poor continuation with hospital care. One of the potential entry points to addressing these challenges is improving patient trust in doctors. The objective of this study was to investigate whether trust matters to patients and doctors/providers within the context of hypertension care in rural Tanzania. Methods: The research employed qualitative approach. In-depth audio-taped interviews with patients and providers in both western care and traditional healing system were conducted in two predominantly rural districts of Tanzania. The interview transcripts were coded and analysed thematically. Results: A total of 36 patients and 8 providers were interviewed . There was a consensus among patients and providers in both western and traditional healing systems that patient trust in doctors matters for NCDs response in rural Tanzania. Benefits of trust in doctors were cited by participants as extending beyond patients to doctors, hospitals and health sector. Trust in doctors was described to facilitate patient’s health care seeking choices, participation in care and disclosure, adherence practices, return for hospital care, reduced financial burden and relief, healing or cure. Trust in doctors was also described to increase doctor/provider’s societal reputation, work morale and income. Further, trust in doctors was described to increase hospitals’ and health sector’s societal reputation, income and drive healthcare resource increment. Despite the benefits, disadvantages of patient trust in doctors were also mentioned. Some participants indicated that trust in doctors may increase patient’s vulnerability to malpractices when doctors misuse the trust vested in them. Also, trust was considered as potentially contributing to trusted doctors’ behaviour changes such as excessive self-pride, faking being busy and sluggishness in care provision as well as increasing their work load. Conclusion: The findings suggest that trust in patient-doctor relationship matters for hypertension care in rural Tanzania. Improving trust in the patient-doctor relationship may be one of the important lenses in addressing some of the challenges of non-communicable disease response in low income African countries.

Measuring Healthcare Quality - Paradigm of Medqual.

SUMMARY – Medical activity is assumed to be service activity the effects of which can be measured. The SERVQUAL scale was used as a starting point for our research, which resulted in a new, adopted scale called MEDQUAL. The MEDQUAL scale aims to measure the quality of healthcare provided by medical staff of one hospital department instead of the overall quality of hospital services or parts of services on which medical staff in one department has no influence. The study was conducted in a clinical hospital department in Croatia and included 300 respondents (169 patients and 131 medical staff members). The MEDQUAL scale, designed and tested in the study, showed high reliability in all established dimensions, i.e. trust in doctors (Cronbach’s Alpha 0.923), nursing professionalism (0.913), medical professionalism (0.938), and departmental organization (0.810). The scale proposed evaluates both patient satisfaction with the quality of healthcare received and medical staff satisfaction with the quality of healthcare provided. The results were comparable to the groups of respondents, departments, and institutions with potential longitudinal studies of this phenomenon. MEDQUAL is a simple, repeatable and cost-effective scale, applicable to almost all departments and used for measuring the quality of healthcare services both provided and received, the aim of which is to contribute to the assessment of healthcare quality and its improvement.

Access to Health Care, Beliefs, and Behaviors about Colorectal Cancer Screening among Korean Americans

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers among Korean Americans (KAs) and their CRC screening rates are low. To raise the rates of CRC screening among KAs, it is necessary to improve our understanding of factors that influence their CRC screening behaviors. This study examined socio-demographics, access to health care, health and cultural beliefs, and behaviors about the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) for CRC screening among KAs aged 50 and older.MethodsBased on the health belief model, the cultural assessment model for health, and the Powe fatalism model, this study measured socio-demographics (age, gender, years in the U.S., marital status, education, employment, income, and acculturation), health care access (health insurance, having a regular doctor, physician recommendation, and trust in doctor), health beliefs (susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy), and cultural beliefs (physical space, health temporal orientation, personal control, and fatalism) and FOBT. A cross-sectional survey (n=202) was conducted. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThis study found that physician recommendation was the strongest factor in lifetime FOBT utilization in KAs. The results also revealed a positive association among health temporal orientation, health fatalism, and lifetime FOBT among KAs, while previous research found a negative association between fatalism and cancer screening. Years in the U.S., employment, and having a regular doctor were significantly associated with having had a FOBT in the previous year.ConclusionStudy results suggested the need for public education programs to increase physician recommendation among KAs. Furthermore, the positive relationships among health temporal orientation, health fatalism, and FOBT utilization in KAs suggests that KAs have a desire to maintain health and find cancer early despite their fatalistic view on health.

Medical Care Avoidance Among Older Adults.

Objective: To examine factors and reasons associated with medical care avoidance among older adults in the United States. Method: Analysis of data on 2,155 adults aged 65 and older, who completed the 2008 Health Information National Trends Survey. Results: Nearly one fourth of older adults reported medical care avoidance (n = 449; weighted % = 22.5%). Of these, more than one third reported doing so because of feeling uncomfortable when their body is examined (34.5%) or fearing a serious illness (35.9%) and with fewer reporting avoiding care because it made them think of dying (14.3%). Likelihood of avoidance was higher among those with worse self-reported health status, severe psychological distress, lower health self-efficacy, lower confidence in obtaining health information, lower trust in doctors, less patient-centered communication, lower perceived health care quality, and those who were current smokers. Qualitative reasons for avoidance corroborated quantitative results. Conclusion: Avoidance by older adults appears to be largely associated with evaluations of the quality of care and provider communication.

Measuring vaccine acceptance among Canadian parents: A survey of the Canadian Immunization Research Network

Parental decision making about childhood vaccinations is complex and multidimensional. There is a perception that the number of parents having concerns regarding childhood vaccinations has been increasing in Canada. The aim of this study was to explore vaccine hesitancy among Canadian parents and to examine factors associated with a parent’s intention to vaccinate his/her child. Informed by the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) this study assesses potential associations between parents’ knowledge, attitudes and beliefs toward vaccination and their intention to vaccinate their child in the future. A national sample of Canadian parents of children aged 24–59 months (N = 2013) was surveyed using an online survey methodology. Half of the surveyed parents strongly intended to have their child vaccinated in the future. Parents’ information needs and searches as well as parents’ trust in different institutions were associated with intention to vaccinate. Parents who reported having frequently looked for vaccine information, who considered that it was their role as parents to question vaccines, or who had previously experienced difficulty accessing vaccination services were less likely to strongly intend to vaccinate their child in the future. Parents who had a high level of trust in doctors and public health were most likely to strongly intend to vaccinate their child. Results of the multivariate analysis showed that positive attitudes (aOR = 8.0; 95% CI: 6.0, 10.4), higher perceived social support (aOR = 3.0; 95% CI: 2.3, 3.93), and higher perceived behavioural control (aOR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.4, 2.43) were associated with parents’ intention to vaccinate their child. Findings of this study suggest that trust-building interventions that promote pro-vaccine social norms and that address negative attitudes toward vaccination could enhance vaccine acceptance among Canadian parents.

ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH CARE QUALITY BY POPULATION OF ALMATY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

A survey of 1 194 respondents aged 45+ living in Almaty (Kazakhstan) to assess satisfaction with the quality of medical care was conducted. Specially trained interviewers visited respondents at home and filled questionnaires, which included questions on socio-demographic characteristics, the characteristics of medical care during the past year, bad habits, self-assessment of health, trust to doctors and the respondent's opinion on quality of health care. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Adjustment was performed for socio-demographic characteristics of respondents and the peculiarities of medical care. Altogether, 55.7 % (95 % CI 52.9; 58.5) of respondents were not satisfied with the quality of medical care. In multivariable analysis dissatisfaction with the quality of health care was associated with education, income, and self-, but the most influential factor was distrust of doctors (OR = 19, 95 % CI 12; 30). Thus, measures aimed at increasing the trust in doctors, especially the development of personalized medicine, have a potential increase the degree of satisfaction of the population with the quality of medical care. This study can serve as a start point for a panel study to monitor population's satisfaction with the quality of health care.

МОРАЛЬНО-ЭТИЧЕСКАЯ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩАЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛИЗМА БУДУЩЕГО ВРАЧА

Цель. Цель данной статьи – определить, какие этические принципы следует положить в основу современного медицинского образования в России.Метод или методология проведения работы. В основу исследования легли общенаучные методы– описательный, сравнительный, обобщающий – и социологический подход. Результаты. Ретроспективный анализ наиболее распространенных моделей врачебной этики позволил выявить их социальную обусловленность. Были рассмотрены конкретно-исторические факторы, обеспечившие приоритетность того или иного морально-этического принципа. В ходе исследования установлено сходство социокультурных условий современного российского общества, с одной стороны, и исторических обстоятельств древнегреческого (IV в.до н.э.) и западноевропейского (XV–XVI вв.) обществ, с другой стороны. К ним, прежде всего, относятся восстановление социального доверия общества к врачам и усиление индивидуального этико-психологического подхода к пациентам. Такой вывод дал возможность утверждать о необхо3димости расширения предметного поля гуманитарных дисциплин. Кроме того, социологический опрос студентов зафиксировал, с одной стороны, понимание гуманной сущности врачебной деятельности, с другой – узкопрагматические мировоззрение будущих медиков. Полученные данные подтвердили правильность вывода об актуализации в учебном процессе морально-этических принципов: «не навреди» и «делай добро», отражающих содержание двух исторически первых моделей врачебной этики. Подчеркивается, что акцентирование внимания в современных условиях на морально-этическом и эмоционально-психологическом содержании медицинского образования могло бы обеспечить возрождение авторитета профессии врача.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в сфере проектирования и прогнозирования учебно-воспитательного процесса медицинских образовательных учреждений.

The Image of Doctors in Europe: A Comparison of Countries

Patients expect a lot from doctors. They expect doctors to be trustworthy and competent, to discuss all treatment options with them, to inform them about mistakes made during the treatment and to put their interests before their own interests. This paper examines how the population of Europe assesses doctors in this respect and whether there are countries where the assessments are similar. In the "International Social Survey Programme - ISSP" the population in 32 countries was asked to assess the doctors in their respective countries. For this paper, data of 27,772 respondents from 18 European countries were analysed. The respondents were asked to rate 5 statements about doctors on a 5-point scale, with 1 indicating a positive assessment and 5 indicating a negative assessment. For each country, the mean values for the statements were calculated and grouped using cluster analysis to identify countries with similar assessments. "Doctors can be trusted" is the statement with the highest approval across all countries, with means ranging from 2.0 in Denmark to 2.7 in Russia. In most countries, the means of the following statements were close to each other: "Doctors discuss all treatment options with their patients", "The medical skills of doctors are as good as they should be", and "Doctors do not care more about their earnings than about their patients." In almost all countries, respondents were particularly skeptical about the statement "Doctors would tell their patients if they had made a mistake during treatment". Four clusters were identified, but there was no cluster that rated among the best for all five statements. With regard to trust, the discussion of treatment options and the pursuit of self-serving interests, doctors in Germany were not rated particularly well or particularly badly. In Germany, the population was more likely to think that doctors would not inform their patients about mistakes during the treatment. Trust in doctors seems to reflect the general level of trust in a country. The question arises why trust in doctors is high across countries if the respondents are much more skeptical regarding the other statements.