Trust Beliefs Research Articles

Clinician acceptance of complex clinical decision support systems for treatment allocation of patients with chronic low back pain

BackgroundThe uptake of complex clinical decision support systems (CDSS) in daily practice remains low, despite the proven potential to reduce medical errors and to improve the quality of care. To improve successful implementation of a complex CDSS this study aims to identify the factors that hinder, or alleviate the acceptance of, clinicians toward the use of a complex CDSS for treatment allocation of patients with chronic low back pain.MethodsWe tested a research model in which the intention to use a CDSS by clinicians is influenced by the perceived usefulness; this usefulness, in turn is influenced by the perceived service benefits and perceived service risks. An online survey was created to test our research model and the data was analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling. The study population consisted of clinicians. The online questionnaire started with demographic questions and continued with a video animation of the complex CDSS followed by the set of measurement items. The online questionnaire ended with two open questions enquiring the reasons to use and not use, a complex CDSS.ResultsNinety-eight participants (46% general practitioners, 25% primary care physical therapists, and 29% clinicians at a rehabilitation centre) fully completed the questionnaire. Fifty-two percent of the respondents were male. The average age was 48 years (SD ± 12.2). The causal model suggests that perceived usefulness is the main factor contributing to the intention to use a complex CDSS. Perceived service benefits and risks are both significant antecedents of perceived usefulness and perceived service risks are affected by the perceived threat to autonomy and trusting beliefs, particularly benevolence and competence.ConclusionsTo improve the acceptance of complex CDSSs it is important to address the risks, but the main focus during the implementation phase should be on the expected improvements in patient outcomes and the overall gain for clinicians. Our results will help the development of complex CDSSs that fit more into the daily clinical practice of clinicians.

The relation between older adults’ trust beliefs in nursing home carers and adjustment to residential care

AbstractThe study examined the relation between older adults’ trust beliefs in nursing home carers (NHCs) and adjustment to residential care. Seventy-six older adults (mean age = 83 years, standard deviation = 7 years from UK nursing homes completed standardised scales of trust beliefs in NHCs and adjustment to residential care (satisfaction with care-giving, social engagement in the nursing home, loneliness and a latent measure). As expected, trust beliefs in NHCs were linearly associated with adjustment to residential care on all measures. There were quadratic relations between trust beliefs in NHCs and on given measures of adjustment to residential care (latent measure, satisfaction with care-giving and loneliness). Adults with very high and those with very low trust beliefs in NHCs showed depressed levels on those measures of adjustment to residential care relative to older adults with the middle range of trust beliefs. The research highlights the importance of older adults’ trust beliefs in NHCs for adjustment to nursing homes. The findings show though, that older adults who hold very high, as well those who hold very low, trust beliefs in NHCs are at risk for lower levels of adjustment.

Rekonsiderasi Budaya Manumbai Masyarakat Petalangan Melayu Riau Berbasis Al-Qur’an

Manumbai is a tradition of taking honey bee that is familiar to the people of Riau Malay Petalangan. In their view there remains a facet of inner strength, a power which cannot be reached by external effort. The unseen inner strength is greater than the outer strength. Therefore, doing a job with physical strength alone will not be sufficient, without being equipped with the effort to obtain supernatural inner strength. It has been popular that "Malay is synonymous with Islam" is a slogan that has been popular among the Riau Malay community. Even so, there still seems to be a discrepancy from what was popularized in the slogan. The author found that the manumbai procession (the ceremony for taking honey bees) in the culture of the Riau Malay Petalangan community seems to contradict the prohibitions in the al-Qur'an which are contained in the QS. Al-Nisa>'[4]: 171, namely' al-ghuluww "means transgressing the limit. This research uses a qualitative approach. While the method of interpretation in research uses the maudhu>'i> interpretation method. The stages in this research go through three stages, namely reading and tracing the literature (primary and secondary), which then analyzes the data with a descriptive analytical frame of mind, which in the end comes a conclusion. The author gives a reconsideration of the manumbai culture of the Riau Malay Petalangan community which seems to contradict the prohibition of the al-Qur'an through transformation. The desired consideration in this research is through changing the form of worship of the sialang tree which is believed to have magical powers to trust and complete belief in Allah, who is the giver and recipient of the prayers of all his servants' requests.
 Keywords: Reconsideration, Manumbai, Malay Culture.

Product Commercialization through Crowdfunding Websites: A Consumer-Centric Approach

Crowdfunding websites have emerged as a novel financing channel to promote new ideas and facilitate innovative product development. The crowd can examine the project online and provide their support in the form of a donation or in exchange for reward. The study argues that the success of crowdfunding refers not only to financial resources but also to the connection among individuals on the crowdsourcing website. Considering the characteristics of online funders and product development, this study proposes an integrative model to examine the relationships among individuals’ traits, affordance of website design, individual cognition, and funding intention. A survey was conducted to collect and analyze empirical data from the largest Taiwanese crowdfunding website. The research results demonstrate that individuals’ altruism and innovativeness significantly affect their trusting belief in the crowdfunding proposer; design affordance is also an important antecedent of trust and risk perception. Moreover, trust and risk perception significantly affect individuals’ attitude and further intention to donate the crowdfunding project. This study suggests both practical and theoretical views for elucidating and enhancing the effectiveness of crowdfunding.

How Children Feel Matters: Teacher-Student Relationship as an Indirect Role Between Interpersonal Trust and Social Adjustment.

Previous studies have demonstrated positive correlations between children’s interpersonal trust and social adjustment. However, the psychological mechanism underlying this effect is still unclear. The current study tested the indirect roles of teacher–student relationships from both students’ and teachers’ perspectives in a Chinese context. In total, 709 pupils from grade three to grade five, and their 17 head teachers from a Chinese public primary school participated in this study. The Children’s Generalized Trust Beliefs Scale, Social Adjustment Scale for Children and Adolescents, and Teacher–Student Relationship Questionnaire were used in this study. All these variables were correlated with each other. Structural equation models showed that the interpersonal trust indirectly influenced social adjustment through the teacher–student relationship from students’ perspectives, while the teacher–student relationship from teachers’ perspectives did not play an indirect role. These findings suggest that the teacher–student relationship perceived by students is more important for children’s social adjustment than that perceived by teachers. Both parents and teachers should pay more attention to developing children’s interpersonal trust, build better teacher–student relationships, and focus more on how children feel about the relationship.

The Causal Effect of Trust

Under weak contract enforcement the trading parties’ trust, defined as their belief in other’s trustworthiness, appears important for realizing gains from trade. In contrast, under strong contract enforcement beliefs about other’s trustworthiness appear less important, suggesting that trust and contract enforcement are substitutes. Here we show, however, that trust and contract enforcement can be complements, and identify the key mechanisms that drives this complementarity. We demonstrate that under weak contract enforcement trust has no effect on gains from trade, but when we successively improve contract enforcement, larger effects of trust emerge. Likewise, improvements in contract enforcement lead to no increases in gains from trade under low initial trust, but generate high increases in gains from trade when initial trust is high. We identify three key mechanisms: (1) heterogeneity in trustworthiness; (2) strength of contract enforcement affecting the ability to elicit reciprocal behavior from trustworthy types, and screen out untrustworthy types; (3) trust beliefs determining willingness to try such strategies.

Unjustified trust beliefs: Trust conflation on sharing economy platforms

Previous research has addressed the benefits of trust mechanisms on sharing economy platforms, and digital trust cues are widely accepted to immediately boost trust beliefs amongst peer consumers; yet little is known about whether such trust beliefs are justified. Our mixed-methods, abductive research explores trust conflation by peer consumers who are relatively unfamiliar with a platform, and how this may differ from the trust differentiation of more experienced peer consumers. We find that when peer consumers start to use a sharing economy platform, they perceive that various digital trust cues influence multiple trustees across different levels simultaneously, forming unjustified beliefs provoked by trust conflation relating to the platform intermediary and peer providers. Once peer consumers have had more time to gain relevant knowledge, they develop more accurate beliefs by differentiating relationships between digital trust cues and multiple trustees.

Consumers’ Behavioural Intentions to Reuse Recommender Systems: Assessing the Effects of Trust Propensity, Trusting Beliefs and Perceived Usefulness

Recommender systems (RSs) are widely utilised across industries as a tool to provide users with recommendations based on their preferences. This paper reports on an examination of the influence of trusting belief on behavioural intentions to reuse RSs, emphasising the effects of trust propensity, perceived usefulness and product type. Data collected in Australia with 366 participants was used. A new approach (MICOM and PLS-MGA) was performed to assess the moderating effect of product type. The research results indicate that trust propensity has a positive and significant direct effect on consumers’ trusting belief in an ongoing relationship. The results also suggest that consumers’ trusting beliefs and perceived usefulness of RS positively and significantly affect their intention to reuse RSs. Perceived usefulness of RS is more important compared to trusting beliefs in predicting consumers’ behavioural intention to reuse RSs. Trusting beliefs partially mediate the impact of perceived usefulness on behavioural intentions to reuse RSs. The results also showed an insignificant difference between the effect of different product types on Australian consumers’ behavioural intention to reuse RSs. These results have implications for the design of RSs.

Understanding the role of information in marine policy development: establishing a coastal marine protected area in Nova Scotia, Canada

Canada has expanded its marine protected area (MPA) coverage in line with the Aichi Biodiversity Target of protecting 10% of its marine territory by 2020. In 2018, a consultation process was launched to designate an Area of Interest surrounding the Eastern Shore Islands area off the coast of Nova Scotia, as the potential 15th Oceans Act MPA in Canada ( DFO 2021a ). This region has a fraught history with external conservation interventions and, consequently, there was a significant level of local mistrust in the process. This study explored the role of information in the consultation process and how it interplayed with the historical context, political pressures, trust, and mistrust among stakeholders and rightsholders. Drawing on interviews, a detailed desktop analysis, and participant observation at consultation meetings, this paper describes what worked well and what could be improved with respect to the sources of information used and the channels through which stakeholders and rightsholders accessed it. This case study demonstrates that while preferences for information sources and channels are context specific and varied, they are inherently personal and influenced by shared histories, trust, and individual beliefs.

Interpersonal trust in adolescents with psychiatric disorders and borderline pathology.

Background:Adolescents with features of borderline personality disorder (BPD) may experience deficits in interpersonal trust; however, a simultaneous comparison of interpersonal trust among adolescents with BPD, other psychiatric disorders, and no psychiatric conditions (healthy controls) has never been conducted.Objective:The aims of this study were to 1) explore differences in interpersonal trust (emotional trust, honesty beliefs, and reliability beliefs) between these three groups, and 2) examine the incremental value of BPD features in association with interpersonal trust over and above internalizing and externalizing.Method:Adolescents (N = 445, 67.9% female, Mage = 15.13) recruited from two psychiatric hospitals (psychiatric sample, n = 280) and community organizations (healthy sample, n = 165) completed measures of BPD features, interpersonal trust, and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. Psychiatric adolescents also completed an interview assessing BPD (n = 83 BPD). ANCOVA and hierarchical linear regression were used for analyses.Results:Emotional trust differed significantly across all three groups, with the lowest level of emotional trust in adolescents with BPD. Reliability was also lower in the two psychiatric groups relative to healthy controls. BPD features were significantly, inversely associated with emotional trust and reliability beliefs when controlling for internalizing and externalizing pathology. Post-hoc analyses testing specificity of the three forms of trust found that lower emotional trust predicted BPD diagnosis over and above the other two forms of trust.Conclusions:Findings highlight emotional trust as a correlate and important target of intervention for adolescents with BPD, and add to knowledge on interpersonal trust deficits for adolescents with psychiatric disorders more broadly.

Trust Beliefs, Biases, and Behaviors in Borderline Personality Disorder: Empirical Findings and Relevance to Epistemic Trust

This review summarizes empirical research on trust in BPD, including three primary areas: the prevalence of paranoia, trustworthiness appraisals, and trust-related behaviors in economic exchange paradigms. Connections to the largely theoretical study of epistemic trust in BPD are highlighted. In trust appraisal paradigms, people with BPD have a bias to rate others as untrustworthy. In behavioral exchange games, they report lower trust in partners and are more likely to rupture cooperation. Recent research has suggested potential explanations for these findings, including differences in affective processing, aberrant social norms and expectations, and difficulty attending to and incorporating social cues. People with BPD commonly experience paranoia, generally regard others as untrustworthy, and act accordingly. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of altered trust processing and to integrate empirical research with recent theoretical research on epistemic trust.

A Bayesian Trust Inference Model for Human-Multi-Robot Teams

In this paper, we develop a Bayesian inference model for the degree of human trust in multiple mobile robots. A linear model for robot performance in navigation and perception is first devised. We then propose a computational trust model for the human multi-robot team based on a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN). In the trust DBN, the robot performance is the network input, the human trust feedback to each individual robot and the human intervention are the outputs (observations). The categorical Boltzmann machine is used to capture the multinomial distributions that model the conditional dependencies of the DBN. We introduce the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm for the model learning and personalization. A factorial form of the EM algorithm is adopted for the multi-robot system where each robot has its corresponding latent trust state in the human mind. Bayesian inference is conducted to find the trust states, i.e., the trust belief. Based on the inferred trust states, we further derive the formulation to predict human interventions for model validation. A simulated human-UAV collaborative search mission is conducted with humans-in-the-loop. The experiment results show the Bayesian trust inference model can infer the degrees of human trust in multiple mobile robots and also predict human interactions with relatively high accuracy (72.2 $$\%$$ ). These findings confirm the effectiveness of DBNs in modeling human trust towards multi-robot systems.

‘Tell us what, but not how’ – understanding intra-organisational trust among principals and LEA officials in a decentralised school system

ABSTRACT During the last two decades, researchers and practitioners have shown great interest in research concerning how to implement change in local schools. The research repeatedly stresses the importance of trust among colleagues, yet few studies have examined intra-organisational trust, or the absence of such, during a change process within a decentralised school system that includes local education authorities (LEAs) and local schools. This qualitative study of a municipality reveals principals’ and LEA officials’ views of intra-organisational trust, while managing a situation of a lack of quality within their school organisation. The article presents empirical data from interviews using the analytical perspective from intra-organisational trust to explore trust, or lack thereof. To analyse the statements, a framework of attributes of trust belief (views of co-workers’ benevolence, ability, integrity and predictability) is used. The results describe increasing trust belief among principals and LEA officials comprised in a collectivistic approach of building a new structure for quality and improvement work. The article contributes to the understanding of what creates trust as well as how the relationship between intra-organisational trust and school development can be understood.

Affinity, Trust, and Information

Mutually beneficial trades often rely on both trust and trustworthiness. In exchanges where no history of behavior is observable, however, where does trust come from? Recent evidence suggests that the level of affinity parties in an exchange feel for each other positively affects trustworthiness and can, therefore, affect trust. We propose a simple model that predicts a positive relationship between trust beliefs, affinity, and trustworthiness and a negative relationship between the dispersion of trust beliefs and affinity level. Furthermore, the model suggests that trust should be slower to update after a shock to trustworthiness when affinity is high. We show that the model's predictions are supported by data from two unrelated datasets-a proprietary survey of Italian entrepreneurs and an extensive international survey (Eurobarometer). Finally, using data on international trade, we show that, in line with our model, adverse shocks to trustworthiness cause a reallocation of trade from low-affinity to high-affinity partners, and especially so in trust-intensive industries.

Listening to bank customers: the meaning of trust

PurposeIn banking services, trust is crucial to any relational exchange situation. Using the example of Israeli banks, the main research question driving this paper is – What are the reasons for trusting or not trusting banks? To date, few studies have examined the reasons of ongoing low trust during so-called “normal times”.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is unique in approaching the study of customer trust in banks through qualitative analysis by using the interdisciplinary trust approach.FindingsThe results offer important insights regarding situational normality, structural assurance and customers’ tendencies to trust the bank. The insights about trust derived from this complicated relationship between customers and banks reveals that customers grow dissatisfied and their level of trust consequently decreases when they perceive an imbalance in the exchange relationship with their bank.Originality/valueThis study provides novel insights into hidden attitudes and feelings behind each component of trust beliefs in the bank–customer trust relationship through interdisciplinary trust perspective.

Trust in the nurse: Findings from a survey of hospitalised children.

To measure hospitalised children's trust in the nurse. Trust is central to the therapeutic relationship between the nurse and the patient. There can be no trusting relationship between the nurse and child if the parents have no trust or block the relationship (Bricher [Journal of Clinical Nursing, 8: 452, 1999]). This study was a cross-sectional, correlational descriptive design using a self-complete questionnaire to measure children's trust in nurses, to examine the relationship between children's trust and their parents, and the correlations between trust and medication adherence, fear and interactions with the nurse. A modified version of the Children's Trust in General Nurses Scale designed by Rotenberg et al. (Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing, 20: 298, 2015) was used. This Scale is a short self-report questionnaire designed to elicit information on children's beliefs in, and attitudes to, trust in nurses. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement for observational studies was applied (von Elm [British Medical Journal, 335: 806, 2007]). The results indicated high levels of trust beliefs in the nurse. The children's and parents' trust beliefs were found to be correlated. Gender did not influence trust beliefs. Younger children had higher levels of trust than older children, particularly in relation to the perceived honesty of the nurse. Trust beliefs in the nurse lessened with previous exposure to the hospital setting. One-fifth of children reported fear of the nurse. Positive interaction with the nurse was shown to be positively related to adherence to care. Children's level of trust in the nurse can be measured. A trusting child is likely to be less fearful and experience clinical procedures as less threatening and is more likely to adhere to treatment. Children's nurses should recognise that trust can change with age and with multiple hospital admissions.

A decision paradox: benefit vs risk and trust vs distrust for online dating adoption vs non-adoption

PurposeOnline dating services have been growing rapidly in recent years. However, adopting these services may involve high risk and trust issues among potential users toward both online dating services and the daters they introduce to users. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how perceived benefits vs risks, and trust vs distrust affect user adoption vs non-adoption intentions toward using this rather controversial information and communications technology in the context of online dating.Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modeling was used to evaluate the research model using data from a survey of 451 single individuals.FindingsThe results indicated that perceived benefits play more essential roles in adoption, while perceived risks affect non-adoption more. Individuals' trust in online dating service predicts a major portion of the variation in user benefit perceptions, while distrust in online dating service and in daters that users might select significantly influence perceived risks. Moreover, benefit and risk perceptions can mediate the impacts of trust and distrust on both adoption and non-adoption decisions.Originality/valueThis study extends theories of decision-making in the use of controversial information technologies such as in the case of online dating. It investigates the coexistence of various trust and distrust beliefs as well as benefit and risk perceptions, and their different impacts on adoption and non-adoption in online dating services.

How Social Presence, and Word of Mouth, Affects Online Purchase Intentions in Pakistan: The Mediatory Role of Sellers’ Personal, and Social Commerce Constructs.

Lacking the presence of human and social elements is claimed one major weakness that is hindering the growth of e-commerce. Social commerce reintroduces the social aspect of shopping to e-commerce, increasing the degree of social presence in online environment. Drawing upon the social presence theory, the purpose of this paper is to understand the overall level of social presence that tends to impact the behavior of customers with regards to online purchase intentions and trusting the sellers. Lu et. al. (2016) theorizes the nature of social aspect in online SC marketplace by proposing a set of three social presence variables that produced positive impacts on trusting beliefs which in turn result in online purchase behaviors. We proposed a theoretical framework modifying Lu model to incorporate Wang & Yu (2015) conceptualization of word of mouth, as well as social commerce constructs as proposed by Hajli (2015). Hence, we hypothesized that social presence along with word of mouth positively affects Perceptions of sellers Integrity, Benevolence, and Competence. They also positively affect social commerce constructs such as Ratings & Reviews (RT), Recommendations & Referrals (RE), and Forums & Communities (FC). These personal and social commerce factors affect purchase intentions. Social Presence was measured by Social Presence of Web (SPW), Perception of Others (SPO), and Social Presence of Interaction with Sellers (SPI), whereas word of mouth (WOM) was classified as Positive valence WOM, Negative valence WOM, the content of WOM (WOMC). Empirical validity was established by conducting a survey using a close-ended questionnaire. Data were collected from 200 respondents from Karachi, with certain key target areas in mind. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation modeling. The results suggested that WOMC has a positive and significant effect on all 6 personal, and social commerce constructs. Positive WOM seems to effect Recommendations, and Forums & Communities, whereas negative WOM affected Ratings. Positive WOM also affect sellers’ perception of Benevolence and Competence. Social Presence of Web (SPW) have a positive and significant effect on Competence, as well as Forums, and Ratings, whereas the Perception of Others (SPO) affects Benevolence. Interestingly, the Presence of Interaction with Sellers (SPI), seems to affect Competence negatively. Lastly, Ratings & Reviews seems to be the only factor having a significant effect on Purchase Intentions. Hence, Factors like Negative valence WOM, WOMC, and SPW affect purchase intentions through ratings & Reviews.

The effects of personality and locus of control on trust in humans versus artificial intelligence

IntroductionWe are increasingly exposed to applications that embed some sort of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm, and there is a general belief that people trust any AI-based product or service without question. This study investigated the effect of personality characteristics (Big Five Inventory (BFI) traits and locus of control (LOC)) on trust behaviour, and the extent to which people trust the advice from an AI-based algorithm, more than humans, in a decision-making card game. MethodOne hundred and seventy-one adult volunteers decided whether the final covered card, in a five-card sequence over ten trials, had a higher/lower number than the second-to-last card. They either received no suggestion (control), recommendations from what they were told were previous participants (humans), or an AI-based algorithm (AI). Trust behaviour was measured as response time and concordance (number of participants' responses that were the same as the suggestion), and trust beliefs were measured as self-reported trust ratings. ResultsIt was found that LOC influences trust concordance and trust ratings, which are correlated. In particular, LOC negatively predicted beyond the BFI dimensions trust concordance. As LOC levels increased, people were less likely to follow suggestions from both humans or AI. Neuroticism negatively predicted trust ratings. Openness predicted reaction time, but only for suggestions from previous participants. However, people chose the AI suggestions more than those from humans, and self-reported that they believed such recommendations more. ConclusionsThe results indicate that LOC accounts for a significant variance for trust concordance and trust ratings, predicting beyond BFI traits, and affects the way people select whom they trust whether humans or AI. These findings also support the AI-based algorithm appreciation.

Sources of influences on customers' trust in ride-sharing: why use experience matters?

PurposeDespite the growing popularity of ride-sharing in China, our understanding regarding users' trust and behavioral intention toward this new type of hailing service is still limited. This study aims to examine the joint influences of institution-based, process-based and characteristic-based antecedents on customers' trust and continuance intention toward ride-sharing. Furthermore, the study aims to investigate if the relative influences of institution-based and process-based antecedents on trust are contingent upon customers' prior experience.Design/methodology/approachDrawing upon trust-building literature and the elaboration-likelihood model, we developed a research model and conducted an online survey to users of Didi, the largest ride-sharing platform in China. We used the structural equation modeling technique to analyze the collected data and examine the proposed research model.FindingsTher major research findings of the study suggest that structural assurance, government support, platform reputation and disposition to trust exhibit significant and different degrees of influences on customers' trust beliefs and continuance intention toward ride-sharing. A multi-group analysis further suggests that customers with less use experience focus more on government support and platform reputation, while customers with more use experience are more likely influenced by structural assurance.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the extant literature by identifying the joint influences of institutional-based, process-based and characteristic-based antecedents on users' continuance intention of ride-sharing service and uncovers the mediation mechanism of trust and perceived risk. Moreover, the study refines the boundary condition of the proposed research model by revealing the moderating effect of use experience.