True Path Research Articles

Labour Policies of the Centre Right in the Neoliberal Era: The True Path Party

Labour Policies of the Centre Right in the Neoliberal Era: The True Path Party

The Importance and Value of Knowledge in the Religion of Islam

This article discusses such questions as: what place is given to knowledge in the religion of Islam? What honorable place is given to literate people and teachers? And also it is about religious sciences and secular sciences, and that every Muslim in his life should strive to gain knowledge. The journal explores the critical role of knowledge in Islam. It highlights how Islam, as the true religion of Allah, emphasizes the acquisition of knowledge as essential for leading a righteous life. The teachings of the Holy Quran and the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) underscore that a Muslim is responsible before Allah for all actions and must pursue knowledge to avoid error and find the true path. The Quran encourages reflection and knowledge acquisition, linking religious values and scientific understanding, emphasizing the harmony between religion and science. Islam views education as the foundation of personal and societal prosperity, where knowledge gained must be applied for the benefit of others. Teachers hold an esteemed place in Islamic society, as they shape individuals into wise, ethical, and productive members of society. The article concludes that education fosters human progress, and Muslims must respect teachers and continue striving for knowledge, which ultimately leads to personal growth and societal welfare.

Refined Aircraft Positioning Based on Stochastic Hybrid Estimation with Adaptive Square-Root Unscented Particle Filtering

The positioning of civil aviation aircraft relative to a geographic reference point on Earth in a Cartesian frame is significant to detect the deviations from the desired path, especially for high-altitude airports or special airports based on performance-based navigation (PBN). To obtain these critical deviations during aircraft approach and landing, it is fundamental to estimate the continuous flight variables and discrete flight modes simultaneously with enough accuracy. With the coordinate conversion between the North, East, and Down (NED) frame and the geographic coordinate system based on World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS-84) considered, this study proposed a non-linear stochastic hybrid estimation algorithm with adaptive square-root unscented particle filtering (ASR-UPF) to estimate the true path. The probabilities of mode transition, represented by the normal cumulative density function of continuous states, determine whether to proceed with mode transitions. In addition, the adaptive update characterized by tracking variable noise and the importance sampling distributions based on the results of square-root unscented Kalman filtering (SR-UKF), as a comparative study of continuous system filtering, were used. The experiments illustrated the ASR-UPF is able to reduce the state estimation error more effectively, and more promptly track the error caused by incorrect mode estimation with adaptability compared to the SR-UKF. A further test with real flight data indicates that the proposed method gives the refined estimation of position and azimuth in NED frame.

Macro- and micro-mechanical behavior of CSU-LRS-1 lunar soil simulant under true triaxial loading path

Macro- and micro-mechanical behavior of CSU-LRS-1 lunar soil simulant under true triaxial loading path

Formation of philosophical and legal ideas of Taoism

The article examines the philosophical trend of Taoism, which arose in ancient Chinese philosophy around the VI-V centuries BC. e. The founder of Taoism is Lao-Tzu, who formulated the system based on the principle of knowing the Tao as the only true path. The purpose of this article is to analyze the evolution of philosophical and legal concepts that arose within the framework of Taoism. The interaction between the key principles of Taoist philosophy and the legal system is highlighted, as well as the impact of this interaction on the formation of socio-cultural norms and values is evaluated.
 Lao Tzu’s Tao Te Ching defines the key concepts and ideas of Taoism. Attention is drawn to the important statements of Lao Tzu, which reveal the relationship between Taoism and life, morality and nature.
 The article examines the views of various scientists on the principles of Taoism. The text also analyzes the main principles of Taoism, expressed in the «Tao-De-Ching». The Tao is considered as the ruling law of all that exists, inaccessible to the senses, associated with natural chaos. The principle of «u-wei» is defined as a return to the original nature.
 Special attention is paid to the principle of non-intervention, which means a unique approach to state management. According to the opinion of one of the scientists identified in this work, the ruler, following the principles of Taoism, should not intervene by force in natural processes, but should act in accordance with the natural properties of things.
 Emphasis is placed on the fact that with the help of such principles, the state, according to the teachings of Lao Tzu, develops in its own way, without artificial intervention. Criticism of the government that uses force and artificial methods shows the ineffectiveness of such an approach from the point of view of Taoism. The article also examines the concept of the culture of law in the context of Taoism, where adherence to the principles of this teaching ensures legitimacy and legalization, the expression of the will of society, not the state. Emphasizes the perceived need for citizens to adhere to Taoist principles in order to achieve spiritual and physical self-improvement in relation to Taoism.
 Overall, the article reveals the key aspects and development of Taoism as an important philosophical direction in the ancient Chinese context.

Glass Beads Test with True Triaxial Stress Path Achieved by Conventional Triaxial Apparatus

The impact of fabric anisotropy, fractal dimension, and breakage on the strength and deformation of granular materials were diminished by uniform-size spherical glass beads. Triaxial drained and undrained tests were performed on glass beads based on a novel method to substitute true triaxial stress paths with conventional triaxial apparatus equivalents with varying intermediate principal stress coefficients (b-values). The result indicates that all specimens manifested a noticeable strain-softening phenomenon. The peak strength decreased with increasing b-value, and the specimens showed more pronounced dilatancy. This pattern is similar to the results of the true triaxial test in current research. Compared to the undrained test, the peak friction angle in the drained test displayed a greater variation with varying b-values, which indicated that the mechanical response of glass beads is sensitive to water. This difference provides experimental evidence for comprehending effective stress in granular materials with constant friction coefficients. The experiments reflect the effect of b-value changes on the p-q stress path, as well as on the peak stress ratio, the state transition stress ratio, and the critical state stress ratio. The specimens exhibited a distinct shear band at different b-values ranging from 0.2 to 0.6, which is different from observations in conventional triaxial tests for granular materials.

The Contribution of South Asian Visionaries in the Advancements of Science and Technology Post-Independence Era- A Far-Reaching Review

Swami Vivekananda was a South Asian visionary and a futuristic thinker of Indian civilization. Science, technology, engineering and medicine in today’s human mankind needs to be re-envisioned and re-organized with the passage of Indian history and the visionary timeframe. Swami Vivekananda always thought of the youth of India. In this article, the author deeply elucidates on Swami Vivekananda’s teaching and its relevance to the futuristic vision of education in free India. Today man and mankind are in the crossroads and crevices of a deep environmental engineering crisis and socio-economic crisis of immense proportions. The author deeply elucidates on the true path of Swami Vivekananda’s teaching in global society and the futuristic vision of the value system of India in post-independence era. The author deeply with cogent and lucid insight elucidates the various stages of development and the progress of free India post-independence India. Surely and veritably a new era in the vast scientific firmament of India will emerge if students, teachers, scientists and policy makers across the globe takes effective steps in the proper application of Global and United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Ayat-Ayat Tentang Dakwah Nabi Muhammad SAW dalam Alqur’an: Aktualisasi dan Ideologi yang Berusaha Ditanamkan

This article discusses one of the procedures of the Prophet Muhammad in developing the Islamic religion or what is usually called Da'wah. Knowledge about this da'wah can lead humans to become people who invite society toward the Creator. The number of people who want to show the true path of Islam alienates people from it, this cannot be separated from their level of understanding of the Prophet's preaching of Islam. The purpose of this article is to reveal the verses of the Qur'an about the preaching of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, how it is actualized today, and what ideology these verses want to instill. The research method applied by the author in this paper is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The results obtained by the author from the research that has been carried out are that there is an actualization of the Prophet Muhammad's preaching which leads to the preaching of love or preaching with a loving approach and the ideology of preaching that is attempted to be instilled in these preaching verses is the ideology of preaching.

Improving the Robustness of DTW to Global Time Warping Conditions in Audio Synchronization

Dynamic time warping estimates the alignment between two sequences and is designed to handle a variable amount of time warping. In many contexts, it performs poorly when confronted with two sequences of different scale, in which the average slope of the true alignment path in the pairwise cost matrix deviates significantly from one. This paper investigates ways to improve the robustness of DTW to such global time warping conditions, using an audio–audio alignment task as a motivating scenario of interest. We modify a dataset commonly used for studying audio–audio synchronization in order to construct a benchmark in which the global time warping conditions are carefully controlled, and we evaluate the effectiveness of several strategies designed to handle global time warping. Among the strategies tested, there is a clear winner: performing sequence length normalization via downsampling before invoking DTW. This method achieves the best alignment accuracy across a wide range of global time warping conditions, and it maintains or reduces the runtime compared to standard usages of DTW. We present experiments and analyses to demonstrate its effectiveness in both controlled and realistic scenarios.

From Patronage to Commodification: The Urban Policies of the True Path Party in The Neoliberal Era

In the study, the urban policies of the centre-right in the struggle to establish neoliberal hegemony in Turkey, which became clear in the 1980s, were examined by focusing on the True Path Party (TPP). Thus, it is aimed to reveal the change in the urban policies of the Party in the neoliberal process. In order to achieve the stated purpose, historical comparative research method was used in the study. It is thought that a comparative examination of the period from the establishment of the Party to Demirel's Presidency and the period when Çiller was Chairman of the Party can reveal the discontinuities, dilemmas and continuities experienced between the two periods in the Party's land policies, depending on the neoliberal perspective. It has been concluded that in the Party's discourses about the city in the period until Demirel's Presidency, it highlighted the patronage-based populist policies that were widely implemented during the Justice Party period, rather than the commodification process implemented by Motherland Party. During the Çiller period, TPP's urban policies went hand in hand with capital accumulation based on marketization and were based on the exploitation of non-commodified urban spaces, similar to the Özal period. However, while Özal was able to gain the consent of both the urban poor and the capital for a long time in sharing urban rent with the policies he implemented, Çiller could not achieve the balance between these two interest groups competing on urban land with the new property and zoning regulations she implemented. Thus, Çiller broke the Party away from Demirel's discourse, which made abundant references to welfare policies, and this caused the support of the urban poor, whose importance was increasingly increasing in the transforming social structure of the country, to shift towards new political movements. As a matter of fact, the Party lost the support of the most urban voters among its voter base and could not win any metropolitan municipality in the 1999 local elections.

Meşruiyet Arayışından Meşruiyet Kaybına: 1980’den 2000’e DYP-Ordu İlişkileri

This study focuses on the True Path Party-Army relations from the birth of the TPP until the period when Çiller left the Party chairmanship. Thus, it is aimed to reveal how the Party's national popular policies have changed as a result of its relations with the Army. In order to achieve the stated aim, historical comparative research method was used in the study. It is thought that a comparative examination of the period from the founding of the Party to Demirel's Presidency and the period when Çiller was the Chairman of the Party can reveal the discussions, dilemmas and continuities between the two periods in the Party's relations with the Army. As a matter of fact, the TPP's most important national popular move to expand its voter base since its foundation was based on the discourse of democracy. The rhetoric of 'resistance against military tutelage' was placed at the center of the Party's discourse on democracy. The Party's attitude towards the civilian administration's dominance over the Army in the period leading up to Demirel's presidency constitutes an important example of the civilianization efforts in Turkish political life. During the Çiller period, this effort was replaced by an essentialist nationalist understanding adorned with the themes of 'flag, azan and land'. In this period, the Party went from a period in which it strengthened its legitimacy through the Army to a period in which it lost legitimacy through the Army.

Analysis and development of elliptical tool path in trochoidal milling

Trochoidal milling has been developed to extend the cutting tool life as compared to conventional milling. It is widely used in the machining of slots and corners of molds and dies. There are several tool paths typically used in trochoidal milling such as true, circular, variable-feed, and variable-step trochoidal tool paths. However, these paths suffer from low material removal rates, low surface qualities, high CPU processing times, and/or the requirement of high-dynamic machine tools. Elliptical trochoidal tool path showed its capability to improve the material removal rate, but the expected low surface quality of the produced slot. In this paper, the elliptical tool path will be analyzed analytically and experimentally. The effect of elliptical tool path on material removal rate, cutting forces, walls waviness, and surface roughness have been investigated. A novel linear elliptical-based tool path has been proposed to enhance the elliptical tool path performance by improving both material removal rate and surface quality. A Performance index has been utilized to evaluate the performance of these processes. An analytical model for the local maximum chip thickness in elliptical tool path has been conducted to correlate this path with the cutting forces. The slot walls waviness has been modeled based on the cutting tool path geometry and validated experimentally with error less than 11%. The experimental results showed that the elliptical tool path improved the material removal rate by 11%, with a slight reduction in the maximum resultant cutting force by 3%. On the other hand, the walls waviness and surface roughness have been increased by 45% and 38% respectively as compared to the typical true trochoidal tool path. The introduction of linear paths at the elliptical path sides in the linear-elliptical tool path improved the performance index about 18 times by improving the material removal rate, waviness, and surface quality by 5%, 300%, and 74% respectively, without a significant effect on cutting forces. Therefore, the novel linear-elliptical paths are promising tool paths in increasing the performance of trochoidal milling due to the improved material removal rate, walls waviness, and surface quality, without a significant effect on cutting forces, which will improve the process machinability and cost-effectiveness.

ON THE EXPECTED UNIFORM ERROR OF BROWNIAN MOTION APPROXIMATED BY THE LÉVY–CIESIELSKI CONSTRUCTION

AbstractThe Brownian bridge or Lévy–Ciesielski construction of Brownian paths almost surely converges uniformly to the true Brownian path. We focus on the uniform error. In particular, we show constructively that at level N, at which there are $d=2^N$ points evaluated on the Brownian path, the uniform error and its square, and the uniform error of geometric Brownian motion, have upper bounds of order $\mathcal {O}(\sqrt {\ln d/d})$ , matching the known orders. We apply the results to an option pricing example.

Simultaneous photon counting and charge integrating for pulse pile-up correction in paralyzable photon counting detectors

Objective. In photon counting detectors (PCDs), electric pulses induced by two or more x-ray photons can pile up and result in count losses when their temporal separation is less than the detector dead time. The correction of pulse pile-up-induced count loss is particularly difficult for paralyzable PCDs since a given value of recorded counts can correspond to two different values of true photon interactions. In contrast, charge (energy) integrating detectors work by integrating collected electric charge induced by x-rays over time and do not suffer from pile-up losses. This work introduces an inexpensive readout circuit element to the circuits of PCDs to simultaneously collect time-integrated charge to correct pile-up-induced count losses. Approach. Prototype electronics were constructed to collect time-integrated charges simultaneously with photon counts. A splitter was used to feed the electric signal in parallel to both a digital counter and a charge integrator. After recording PCD counts and integrating collected charge, a lookup table can be generated to map raw counts in the total- and high-energy bins and total charge to estimate pile-up-free true counts. Proof-of-concept imaging experiments were performed with a CdTe-based PCD array to test this method. Main results. The proposed electronics successfully recorded photon counts and time-integrated charge simultaneously, and whereas photon counts exhibited paralyzable pulse pile-up, time-integrated charge using the same electric signal as the counts measurement was linear with x-ray flux. With the proposed correction, paralyzable PCD counts became linear with input flux for both total- and high-energy bins. At high flux levels, uncorrected post-log measurements of PMMA objects severely overestimated radiological path lengths for both energy bins. After the proposed correction, the non-monotonic measurements again became linear with flux and accurately represented the true radiological path lengths. No impact on the spatial resolution was observed after the proposed correction in images of a line-pair test pattern. Significance. Time-integrated charge can be used to correct for pulse pile-up in paralyzable PCDs where analytical solutions may be difficult to use, and integrated charge can be collected simultaneously with counts using inexpensive electronics.

Simulation of the Damage and Failure Characteristics of Coal under True Triaxial Static–Dynamic Loads

The damage evolution rules for coal under true triaxial combined static–dynamic loads are important to understand and reveal the mechanism of rockburst in coal mines. The numerical simulation was carried out using FLAC3D to explore the coupling effect of static and dynamic stress, especially the influence of dynamic load parameters. The results show that the increase in dynamic load amplitude not only makes the plastic zone grow exponentially and shortens the damage development time, but also decreases the residual strength of the coal sample, which leads to a much more violent dynamic failure. The stress wave propagation can be more stable in the coal sample with the increase in dynamic load frequency and the development time of the plastic zone also shows synchronous fluctuating features, and when the frequency is like the intrinsic frequency of the coal sample, the dynamic load has a significant stimulation effect. The static and dynamic loads have different damage effects on the coal sample under the true triaxial stress path, the weight decreases in descending order, namely the minimum principal stress, the maximum principal, the amplitude of the dynamic load and, lastly, the dynamic stress frequency, according to the entropy weight method analysis.

Research on the Implementation Mechanism and Path of News Reality in the Perspective of Social Media——Analysis based on 10 cases of public opinion reversal

Social media platforms have become the preferred channel for the vast online public to obtain information and convey attitudes, and play an extremely important role in public opinion supervision. However, in such a highly "free" social media field, the truth presentation path of news often "twists and turns". In view of this, the article will analyze several cases in detail to explore the true presentation mechanism and path rules behind the reversal of news.

Ложь в оценке исламской рациональной теологии

The article discusses the topical problem of the legitimacy and moral justification of lying and deception in Islam and other faiths. It is shown that, on the one hand, all faiths unequivocally define God as the bearer and exponent of goodness and truth, while evil has a human dimension and is a result of the deeds of Satan (Iblis), who leads people astray from the true path, predetermined by the Holy Spripture. On the other hand, the Kantian formula of the categorial imperative, whose core is the pro-hibition of lying, cannot satisfy religious theodicy, anthropology and, most importantly, practice. The latter has long used lies for many humanitarian, medical-biological, psychological, educational and oth-er reasons, including in the name of salvation. It is emphasized that the Qur'an and the Sunnah, adat and Sharia strictly limit the use of lies and deseption, endorsing it only in isolated, private, and excep-tional cases. By giving certain confessional “sanctions” for the use of lying in some cases, Islam once again proves that it is not only a speculative structure and form of worldview, but also a practical, vital attitude, a unity of theory and practice.

Aeolian Sand Test with True Triaxial Stress Path Achieved by Pseudo-Triaxial Apparatus

Aeolian sand is a special roadbed filler, but its three-dimensional mechanical properties are rarely studied. To obtain the characteristic of its deformation, strength on the deviatoric plane, and failure in three dimensions, a series of triaxial drained tests on aeolian sand in the Tengger Desert, under the condition of the constant average principal stress, p, were conducted by an equivalent alternative method to achieve a true triaxial stress path by a pseudo-triaxial apparatus. The results show that the method can better determine the strength. The peak shear stress decreases gradually with the increase of the intermediate principal stress coefficient, b, at the same p. Compared with the SMP and Mohr–Coulomb criteria, the peak shear stress is near the strength lines predicted by both criteria. At a lower p, the specimen exhibited strain-softening behaviours, but at a higher p, it showed hardening behaviours. Under the conditions of a higher p and lower b, the specimen exhibited contraction first and then dilatancy. The specimen deformation is greatly affected by anisotropy, and as the p-value increases, the effect of the initial anisotropy on the specimen begins to weaken. The εs (generalized shear strain)/η (stress ratio)-εs curves, can be expressed by a linear equation, of which the slope is affected by the b-value. The experiment verifies the feasibility and rationality of the equivalent method. The test data provide support for the maintenance of desert roadbeds and the sustainable development of the economy and society in ecologically fragile areas.

The signing of the peace agreement in Colombia. Old wine in new skins: Implications for national security and organized crime

Recent scholarship has seen the peace agreement between Colombian government and the Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARC) guerrillas a milestone in closing more than 50 years of internal armed conflict. Indeed, the traditional practice of subversive warfare between the two sides ended. However, this did not imply a true path to peacebuilding. The empirical and statistical evidence indicates the worsening of the conflict through the transformation of its practices and representations, into terrorism and transnational organized crime. This article contends that the FARC, as a political party, a new insurgent group, and a criminal actor, continues to have a main role.

Cadar dan Tradisi Diskursif "Taat" bagi Perempuan Muslim Indonesia

Eva F. Nisa. 2023. Face-Veiled Women in Contemporary Indonesia. London and New York: RoutledgeMost studies of face-veiled Muslim women are placed in the stereotype discourse; a part of subordination or terrorist group affiliation. Many scholars also argue that those women’s bodies are exploited under the patriarchal structure and its religious interpretation with the dominant male’s perspective. Eva F. Nisa in this book has proposed a different perspective, employing ethnographic research and taking a case study of two women communities of Islamic revivalist backgrounds (Jamaah Tabligh and Salafi Movement) in Indonesia. Throughout developing from Saba Mahmood’s theory of the politic of piety mostly, Nisa found that the Islamic lifestyle is the firm argument among the cadari, in which they practice the term of taat, which is part of a discursive tradition in Islam, to strengthen their path in the true path of Islam.