True Form Research Articles

Цитокіновий профіль у хворих на істинну та інфекційну (мікробну) екзему

Цитокіновий профіль у хворих на істинну та інфекційну (мікробну) екзему

Мінеральна щільність кісткової тканини у хворих із коксартрозом із супутньою патологією хребта

Summary. Relevance. Combined pathology of the lumbar spine and hip joint is rightly considered one of the serious problems of modern orthopedics. Among the many factors that can cause lumbar spine pain, a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) of the vertebral bodies in the form of osteoporosis may play a role. Objective: to study BMD in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip joints with concomitant pathology of the spine. Materials and Methods. The analysis of data of densitometric and statistical research of 62 patients who had grade III-IV coxarthrosis (CA) with concomitant pathology of the spine was carried out. Results. Decreased BMD in patients with grade III CA was found in 22 (35.4%) in the form of osteopenia and in 8 (12.9%) as osteoporosis; in patients with grade IV CA – in 4 (6.4%) and in 17 (27.4%) – respectively. It was found that BMD in patients with grade IV CA is significantly lower than in patients with grade III and there is a probable medium-strength relationship between a stage of CA and BMD of the femoral neck. It has been proven that patients with hypoplastic coxarthrosis and the true form of lumbar vertebral syndrome (LVS) have probably lower mean BMD values and exactly these groups of patients have the highest incidence of osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusions. 51 (82%) patients with grade III-IV CA revealed a decrease in BMD in the form of osteopenia and osteoporosis, the degree of which depends on the severity of the disease and functional insufficiency of the limb. Changes in BMD have their own characteristics in patients with different types of CA and forms of LVS.

The Actuality in Yi Hwang's Family Letters and Critical review on Property Management

본 논문의 목적은 퇴계의 가서에 담긴 다양한 퇴계의 모습을 조망한 후, 그 가운데 가장 논란이 되는 가산경영 활동에 대해 철학적 분석을 시도하는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 먼저 가서에 담긴 진솔한 퇴계의 모습에 대해 살펴볼 것이다. 이 부분에 대한 검토는 퇴계 가서에 대한 선행연구의 분석을 통해 진행할 것이다. 다음으로 퇴계의 여러 모습 가운데 가장 두드러지게 이슈화되고 있는 가산경영과 관련된 문제에 대해 살펴볼 것이다. 많은 사람들이 가서에 드러난 퇴계의 여러 모습 가운데 막대한 재산과 관련된 부분에 가장 많은 관심을 표현하고 있기 때문이다. 퇴계의 재산 규모는 어느 정도였는지, 그 가운데 부모와 처가로부터 상속받은 재산의 규모는 얼마이고 퇴계 스스로 증식한 재산의 규모는 얼마인지, 그러한 재산 증식을 위해 어떠한 방식으로 가산경영 활동을 했는지 등에 대해 살펴볼 것이다. 퇴계의 가산경영 활동에 대한 구체적 내용을 검토한 후, 마지막으로 퇴계의 가산경영 행위에 대한 철학적 정당화 작업을 시도할 것이다. 퇴계가 소유했던 막대한 재산은 한편으로는 전후 처가로부터 상속받은 것이었지만, 다른 한편으로는 본인이 가산경영 활동을 통해 증식한 것이었다. 퇴계는 효율적 농장 관리를 통한 생산증대에서부터 교역을 통한 재산증식, 노비의 신공을 합리적으로 징수하는 것에 이르기까지 가계 전반에 걸쳐 가산경영 활동을 주도했다. 그런데 이런 가산경영 활동이 기존의 문집에 드러난 퇴계의 모습과 다소 충돌하는 듯한 인상을 준다. 다시 말해 많은 사람들은 가산경영활동을 선비 학자가 하는 일로 보지 않으려는 경향이 있다는 것이다. 그렇다면 왜 많은 사람들은 가산경영 활동을 선비 학자의 일로 보는 것을 어색해하는 것일까? 그것은 아마 가산경영 활동을 은연중에 다소 하찮은 것으로 보려는 시각이 잠재되어 있기 때문일 것이다. 그렇다면 가산경영 활동을 하찮은 일로 보려는 시각은 철학적 측면에서 볼 때 어떤 관점에서 나온 것일까? 여기서 논자는 한나 아렌트의 견해를 소개하고 이것을 맹자의 관점에서 비판적으로 고찰해 볼 것이다. 이런 작업을 통해 우리는 이황의 가산경영활동이야말로 단순한 가족공동체의 유지를 넘어 성현의 가르침을 믿고 실천하는 참된 유학자의 모습이라는 것을 밝힐 것이다.The purpose of this paper is to consider various aspects of Yi Hwang(李滉) contained in family letters(家書) and then to attempt a philosophical analysis of the most controversial issue of property management. To achieve this goal, we will first look at the true form of Yi Hwang in family letters. A research of this part will be conducted through an analysis of prior study on Yi Hwang s family letters. Next, we will look at the issue of Yi Hwang s property management activities, which is the clearest issue among various features of Yi Hwang. We will look at the scale of the assets of the eviction, how much of the property inherited from his parents and his parents-in-laws, how much of the wealth that Yi Hwang has multiplied for himself, and how they engaged in additional management activities to increase his property. Finally, we will try to do a philosophical justification for Yi Hwang s property management activities. Here we will introduce Hannah Arendt s views on this issue, and consider it critically from Mengtzu(孟子) s point of view. Through this work, we will reveal that Yi Hwang s property management activities are the true activities of Confucian scholars who believed in saint teaching beyond the maintenance of the family community.

Cognition and Reality

My study rebuilds the basic cognitive principle to approach the true form of motion reality. Scientific study and development has always been led by facts but has never been able to reach the basic truth. This is related to our basic sensory and cognitive modes. Our cognition and practices have been developed based on functionally created facts which are at odds with the motion directed natural principle formed in reality. Our basic sensory form is integrated by interactive features formed based on interactions between our senses and environment. We do not sense the true motion features of reality. This cognitive mode successfully meets our survival needs of interacting with the environment. However, for the development of a sustainable civilization it’s necessary to break through the ultimate barrier between cognition and reality. We need to realize the functions and limitations of our cognitive mode and how that effects human social practice and development, and most importantly, the natural world. This is the way to fundamentally understand and solve the societal and environmental problems caused by human development.

Axisymmetric Schwarzschild models of an isothermal axisymmetric mock dwarf spheroidal galaxy

Aims. The goal of this work is to test the ability of Schwarzschild’s orbit superposition method to measure the mass content, scale radius, and shape of a flattened dwarf spheroidal galaxy. Until now, most dynamical model efforts have assumed that dwarf spheroidal galaxies and their host halos are spherical. Methods. We used an Evans model (1993, MNRAS, 260, 191) to construct an isothermal mock galaxy whose properties somewhat resemble those of the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy. This mock galaxy contains flattened luminous and dark matter components, resulting in a logarithmic profile for the global potential. We tested whether the Schwarzschild method could constrain the characteristic parameters of the system for different sample sizes and whether this was possible without knowledge of the functional form of the potential. Results. When assuming the true functional form of the potential of the system, the Schwarzschild modelling technique is able to provide an accurate and precise measurement of the characteristic mass parameter of the system and accurately reproduces the light distribution and the stellar kinematics of our mock galaxy. When assuming a different functional form for the potential of the model, such as a flattened Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) profile, we also constrain the mass and scale radius to their corresponding values. However in both cases, we find that the flattening parameter remains largely unconstrained. This is likely because the information content of the velocity dispersion on the geometric shape of the potential is too small. Conclusions. Our results using Schwarzschild’s method indicate that the mass enclosed can be derived reliably, even if the flattening parameter is unknown, and already for samples containing 2000 line-of-sight radial velocities, such as those currently available. Further applications of the method to more general distribution functions of flattened systems are needed to establish how well the flattening of dSph dark halos can be determined.

Ecclesiology as Political Theology: On Delivering on a Transformative Strategic Orientation in Ecclesiology

This three-section article reappraises both Edward Schillebeeckx’s continuing significance and the relationship between ecclesiology and political theology. Having identified two differing sets of concerns within political theology, the first section argues that the claim that the church is the true form of political theology needs to be disciplined by a Schillebeeckx-like critical ecclesiology if it is to avoid ecclesiological idealism. The second section argues that such transformative ecclesiology is itself an act of intra-ecclesial political theology; and the third that it needs to be pursued with greater political astuteness than Schillebeeckx manifested in his theology of ministry.

The determination of the true geometrical form of Great Ephesus theater, Turkey by using field surveys

The current deals with the determination of the ‘true’ geometrical shape of the Great theatre of Ephesus, which is the largest theatre in Asia Minor. To detect the geometrical form of the theatre a precise point dataset was created using terrestrial measurements performed directly on the theatre site. The well-known ellipse and circle fitting algorithms were presented for detecting the precise geometrical shape of the amphitheatre rings. The study reveals that ellipse geometry fits well to the theatre arcs that is amphitheatre rings are generally elliptical in shape. The precise metric values of the parameters of the geometrical shape were computed to characterise theatre features.

A plastic ocean: Behind the lens

A plastic ocean: Behind the lens

Phagocyte Responses to Cell Death in Flies.

Multicellular organisms are not created through cell proliferation alone. It is through cell death that an indefinite cellular mass is pared back to reveal its true form. Cells are also lost throughout life as part of homeostasis and through injury. This detritus represents a significant burden to the living organism and must be cleared, most notably through the use of specialized phagocytic cells. Our understanding of these phagocytes and how they engulf cell corpses has been greatly aided by studying the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster Here we review the contribution of Drosophila research to our understanding of how phagocytes respond to cell death. We focus on the best studied phagocytes in the fly: the glia of the central nervous system, the ovarian follicle cells, and the macrophage-like hemocytes. Each is explored in the context of the tissue they maintain as well as how they function during development and in response to injury.

Antecedents of brand hate in the fast food industry

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of brand hate in detail which is the extreme negative emotion toward brands, by giving a comprehensive explanation concerning how brand hate evolves in consumers. More specifically, antecedents of brand hate are empirically assessed in this study.Design/methodology/approachThis study used primary data from 250 fast food brand consumers in Pakistan. Multiple regression analysis in SPSS was used to test the hypotheses related to the antecedents of brand hate.FindingsResults indicate that brand hate is instigated by five antecedents, which are negative past experience, symbolic incongruity, poor relationship quality, ideological incompatibility and rumor, with rumor being the biggest instigator.Originality/valueAntecedents of brand hate are assessed theoretically and empirically in this study which helps in understanding the true form of brand hate. More specifically, poor relationship quality and rumor are presented as the antecedents of brand hate according to the recommendations of the theory of hate.

Construcción del conocimiento didáctico del contenido y su transferencia a la práctica: retrato de un profesor universitario

The great change that higher education has gone through in the last few years has had specific consequences for the teaching and learning processes, as well as for teacher training. The appearance of new curricular structures, the proposal of new methods of teaching centered explicitly on student learning, and the new understanding of the work of the professor who is emerging after these changes are generating certain educational and teaching demands which compare to nothing that has existed in the recent history of European universities. The interuniversity study that we present seeks to manifest and make visible those good practices with which professors focus on the student and their learning process. Our methodological approach is of the phenomenological type, and we have opted for a multiple case study. The observation of a non-participant, in-depth interviews (biological and memory stimulation) and material analysis were used in order to collect information. The case study that we will talk about provides evidence that the importance given to the disciplinary theory education, and its relationship with research experience characterize the construction of the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), and give true form and educational meaning to the subject of teaching.

Model dependence of the pion form factor extracted from pion electroproduction

In 2008 the Jefferson Laboratory $F_\pi$ Collaboration released results for the pion electromagnetic form factor, which they extracted from pion electro-production data. The measured values for the pion form factor are model dependent, and require the use of the Vanderhaeghen, Guidal and Laget Regge Model for their extraction. While agreement between this model and data is impressive, the theoretical implementation of gauge invariance is less satisfying. We would like to establish how well the extracted form factor corresponds to the true form factor. To do this, we use a simple toy model, which imposes gauge invariance in a more theoretically satisfying way. The model form factor is extracted from our model cross section using the method employed by the $F_\pi$ Collaboration to extract the experimental pion form factor. We conclude that the reconstructed model form factor is a reasonable representation of the true model form factor for the kinematics chosen, although we note that the extracted form factor is smaller than the true form factor. This suggests that current extracted values of pion form factor may be overestimated.

Coarsening in nanocrystalline thin films: A 4D problem

Materials properties of polycrystalline solids depend strongly on the microstructure. Hence, investigating grain microstructures as they change during grain growth, e.g., by thermal annealing, is of utmost importance. Historically, this has been done by optical microscopy yielding only a two-dimensional characterization. Consequential problems have long been recognized. In particular, a two-dimensional section through a three-dimensional polycrystal yields a rather poor idea about the true size and form of the individual grains, and therefore of the microstructure, and in addition, such a section represents only a snapshot in time and does not give any clues about structural changes during grain growth. In the present study, we investigate coarsening in nanocrystalline thin films using a modified three-dimensional Potts model. By taking the increased importance of higher order grain boundary junctions, i.e. triple lines, at smaller grain sizes into account, it is shown that the microstructure, as well as the associated growth kinetics, undergo distinct changes during coarsening.

Grammar Is Our Savior: A Normative Guide to Emancipation as Expounded In the Vākyapadīya

Emancipation has long been a topic in theistic and non-theistic religions around the globe while the presence of diverse interpretations of and ways towards it tells us the amount of interest people had in liberating themselves. The Indian philosophy is no exception in proposing and debating paths to emancipation for over a few millenia. A proponent of the non-dualistic philosophy or Advaita Vedanta, Bhartṛhari (fl. 500 – 700 CE) in his dense work entitled Vākyapadīya expounds a novel way to emancipation through the proper recognition of the language in use that creates the phenomenal world. His thoughts as a grammarian and a philosopher largely influenced both formation and transformation of at least a large part of what we know today as the Indian philosophy of language. The discourse perspective clearly observed in the Vākyapadīya that the language in use represent the most unpolluted form of language, which is comparable to the characteristics of the supreme reality, enabled Bhartṛhari to propose a normative guide to emancipation with the support of yogic practices that were already current during his time. The objective of this study is to examine succinctly how Bhartṛhari delineates his guide to emancipation through the proper understanding of descriptive grammar, which he recognizes as the true form of the language we use.

Climbing the corporate ladder: desired leadership skills and successful psychopaths

Purpose Many of the characteristics embodied by successful psychopaths, such as superficial charm, cool decisiveness and a grandiose self-worth, are often treated synonymously with corporate leadership qualities. Consequently, it is possible that successful psychopaths are actively being selected for corporate positions as they exemplify the perfect candidate. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether or not the recruitment for positions of higher social status are inadvertently seeking out individuals with psychopathic tendencies to run their companies using similar characteristics in their job advertisements. Design/methodology/approach The current study will provide a deeper understanding of successful psychopaths whilst exploring the role of the “Westernized” corporation in recruiting successful psychopaths into their businesses through character descriptions in 25 executive career advertisements using Wexler’s (2008) psychopathic Personality Dimensions And Positively Reinforced Corporate Labels. Findings The results demonstrated that corporations are seeking out characteristics that are synonymous to Factor 1 psychopathic personality traits, which could increase the propensity of successful psychopaths in the workplace. Research limitations/implications Although the sample was representative for the current study, the sample size is minimal. Further, most companies in the sample were taken from the public sector. Given the implicit sample bias, the results and conclusions must be interpreted with caution. Future research should expand the relationship between psychopathic personality traits and corporate labels in a broader context. Practical implications The results also allude to potential protective factors that could be put in place by corporations during their hiring process. These factors include measures for empathy and emotional IQ. Beyond the hiring process, it is suggested that incentive-based promotions should be lessened and replaced with incentives that promote care and respect for one another. Social implications Whilst the inability for the public to conceptualize white-collar crime as a true form of crime conducted by powerful individuals is apparent, it is suggested that change should begin with public awareness and academia. With additional research on psychopathy in the field of criminology and organizational psychology, public awareness can be amplified. Originality/value The current study allows for an interdisciplinary perspective towards the concept of successful psychopathy by highlighting the increased potential for corporate scams and white-collar criminality. Specifically, the current study introduces a psycho-social criminological perspective.

“Bioshock infinite” e o fenômeno da violência legítima: uma análise a partir das contribuições de Hannah Arendt

This research aims at contributing to the understanding of the contemporary “legitimate violence” phenomenon. For this, the paper presents the analysis of the fictional work “BioShock Infinite” through the philosophy of Hannah Arendt, considering the link between Law and art forms. The methodology employed is that of a bibliographic research, based on Gilbert Durand’s mythocritique, which aims at revealing the imagistic meanings behind art. It resulted in the advancement in understanding the symbology behind the name Columbia, the different forms of manifestation of tyranny and the role of the founding fathers as ancestors for American society. In addition, it resulted in a better perception of how the artistic work symbolizes the erosion of freedom in tyrannical regimes, of how propaganda is an essential tool for lying in politics, of how violence is the weapon of a government without authority, and of how the privileged citizens tolerate the oppression of the less favored people due to the banality of evil, depersonifying them. Finally, it culminates in the idea that necessity operates as one of the worst types of violence and that civil disobedience is the true form of legitimate violence.

Тувинское горловое пение как нематериальное культурное наследие и как культурный бренд Тувы

В статье анализируются проблемы сохранения тувинского горлового пения — хѳѳмея, который рассматривается как нематериальное культурное наследие Тувы. Соответственно, за основу взяты рекомендации ООН о том, какие задачи должны решаться.Разнообразной информации, в том числе научной, о хѳѳмее собрано много, прежде всего двумя государственными учреждениями Тувы, призванными изучать и развивать тувинское горловое пение — Международным научным центром «Хѳѳмей» и Центром развития тувинской традиционной культуры и ремесел. Есть много публикаций, однако, к сожалению, специализированных каталогов работ по хѳѳмею, а также по исполнителям хѳѳмея, пока нет. Другая группа задач — учет, сбор аудио- и видеозаписей, а также возможность доступа к ним заинтересованных лиц, пока также не решена. Отчасти этим занимаются лишь энтузиасты, при этом иностранные ценители хѳѳмея.Важнейшая задача — сохранение аутентичных, подлинных форм нематериального культурного наследия — осложняется тем, что традиции, передающиеся устным путем, являются «живыми», изменчивыми по своей природе. Сегодня искусство хѳѳмея существует как в своем первозданном виде, так и в современных музыкальных формах, где оно соединяется с различными жанрами популярной, авангардной, джаз и рок музыки и успешно вписался в современные направления world music. Этот успех влияет на международные культурные связи Тувы, на развитие этнокультурного туризма, поэтому может и должен рассматриваться в качестве одного из брендов современной тувинской культуры, а также как этномобилизующий фактор.Профессия артиста горлового пения в 2011 г. в России была легализирована, хѳѳмейжи получили право на специальные профессиональные льготы. И этот факт можно расценивать как организационную победу. Но и сам хѳѳмей, как любая другая форма творчества, нуждается в правовой охране. В мире наблюдается тенденция к аналогизации его с так называемым европейским механизмом звукоизвлечения (двухголосия). Хѳѳмей может быть внесен в государственные и межгосударственные реестры как достояние тувинской этнической культуры. Однако, основная цель здесь — легализация правильной методики обучения студентов хѳѳмею в учебных заведениях культуры.Для дальнейшего развития хѳѳмея важно также международное сотрудничество, как научное, так и практическое.

Rabindranath Tagore’s Chandalika: An Amalgamation of Spiritual Conflict, Liberation and Rebel against Marginality

Rabindranath Tagore, the prominent voice of the Indian Renaissance skilfully presented the conflicts of spirituality, marginality and liberation in the form of a dance drama Chandalika. The play depicts the class consciousness and desire of a marginalised woman to liberate her inner self. She passionately yearns to challenge the social norms and rebel against the discriminations in society. The paper proposes to locate the conflicts, sense of liberation and marginalisation from the psyche of an ostracised woman Prakriti, in Chandalika. The study also focuses on the socio-cultural impulses of the playwright and the plight of a woman to break the social obstacle of marginality. The play tends the readers and the audience to rethink the idea of equality and liberation. The marginalised experience, differences are shown based on caste, gender bias and other conflicts are raised as an aesthetic exploration in the play. It questions the existing belief of caste and marginality. Tagore is imaginative and modernistic in the presentation of the play. The sequences in the play are depicted through dance. Dance in the play is a powerful symbol. Emotions, conflicts, struggles and dialogues are articulated in its true form with the help of the dance. The playwright further amalgamates the internal, spiritual conflicts of liberation against the social hegemony in the play Chandalika

Democratically SmartWorld

This paper discusses as to how the Human civilization has evolved over time, and how we already have become semi-humanoids. Living in the data driven society, we rely hugely on numbers and data, rationality and science (Lohr, 2013). Darwin postulated, and I paraphrase, complex organisms evolve out of the simplest ones, and the new, evolved and complex organisms evolve according to the natural selection and become better versions of yesterday (Ghiselin, 2013). This paper focusses on the development of a Universal system, which would help us solve all of the Global issues. Accordingly, this system proposes a Symbiotic relationship between the three major forces present on Earth- Humans, Nature and Technology. Currently, Humans have a Linear relationship with both of the forces. We are the Predators and Nature is the Prey. Because of this relationship, Human civilization have started to fear its own creations, which is reflected through what Prof. Stephen Hawking shared with BBC, “”...The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.... It would take off on its own, and re-design itself at an ever increasing rate.... Humans, who are limited by slow biological evolution, couldn’t compete, and would be superseded.....”((Cellan-Jones, 2014)). The system proposed in this paper will be Democratic in nature, where all the three forces have an equal voice to speak. The symbiotic relationship will be based on a concept known as Mutualism,” where all species mutually share the limited resource increasing both species ’ chances of survival or reproduction” ((Wolfe, 2016)). Till date, the World has not seen the true form of the Democracy. Instead, have witnessed pseudo Democracies, where the power is handed over to the few after the elections and the citizens stay where they were before. Instead, a true Democracy translates into- “By the People, for the People” ((Maskanian, n.d.)). The system is based on the principle, that to maintain a balance between powers, one need not go to war with it. Instead, try and understand one simple concept- “All is one, one is all”((Kotsos, n.d.)). As small as this statement is, it explains the entire functioning of the world. This paper will conclude with answering to the question, “The Distant Utopia or a mere Mirage?” and will also try to lay down the fundamentals of how to make the World Smart and not just few Cities, comparing the World to an Organism and Cities with Organs.

EFFECT OF OIL PRICES ON STOCK MARKETS: EVIDENCE FROM NEW GENERATION OF STAR MODEL

ABSTRACTThis paper aims to introduce an evidence of new generations of smooth transition regression model (STAR). It proposes two different forms of STAR model. First: a time varying STAR model (TVSTAR), which identify the estimated coefficients at each point of time. Second: a full specification STAR model (FSSTAR) which provides a consistent estimate even in the existence of some measurement errors, omitted variables and even if the true functional form is unknown. This study will consider the two proposed models and the traditional STAR model to examine the nonlinear relation between oil price and stock market index for two countries (Egypt and Turkey). Our results confirm the existing of a non‐linear relation between oil prices and stock return for both countries. The suggested models gives more accurate information about the time varying effect of oil price changes on stock markets and robust forecasts.