Trochanteric Flip Research Articles

Midterm results of trochanteric flip osteotomy technique for management of fractures around the hip.

In this study, we aimed to investigate safety and efficacy of the trochanteric flip osteotomy with surgical hip dislocation technique in selected displaced acetabular and femoral head fractures with clinico-radiological outcome and potential complications. We retrospectively reviewed 32 patients from January 2009 to June 2014. Selected displaced acetabular fractures with comminution and/or cranial extension of posterior wall, marginal impaction, intraarticular fragment, femoral head fractures and hip fracture-dislocations were operated by this modified approach of trochanteric flip osteotomy and surgical hip dislocation. Patients were evaluated for fracture reduction, femoral head viability, trochanteric union, abduction power, and functional evaluation was done by Merle d'Aubigné-Postel scoring system. Minimum follow-up was 24 months. Reduction was judged to be anatomical in 84.38% of cases, and within 1-3 millimetres in 9.38% of cases. All osteotomies healed in an anatomical position. Heterotopic ossification was found in 2 patients limited to Brooker class I. Osteonecrosis developed in 1 patient. 2 patients developed arthritis of the hip as sequelae of poor reduction. Abduction power was MRC 5/5 in all except in 1 patient (4/5). Mean Merle d'Aubigné-Postel score was 16.18; overall good to excellent result was achieved in 87.5% of cases. Trochanteric flip osteotomy with surgical dislocation allows better intraarticular assessment, control of intraarticular fragments, assists accurate reduction and the fixation of complex acetabular and femoral head fractures, without compromising femoral head vascularity and abductor strength. This technique has provided excellent midterm results in the management of complex injuries around the hip.

The role of trochanteric flip osteotomy in fixation of certain acetabular fractures

PurposeComplete visualization of certain acetabular fractures of posterior wall or column with cranial extension involving superior dome from standard surgical exposures is a challenge. Osteotomy of the greater trochanter has been used to enhance fracture visualization, especially the dome, in posterior and lateral exposures of the acetabulum. It also decreases the need for excessive muscle retraction. The purpose of the study was to investigate the outcome associated with trochanteric flip osteotomy in the management of certain acetabulum fractures. MethodsFrom January 2011 to December 2013, 25 displaced acetabular fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation. The fractures were managed using a Kocher–Langenbeck approach along with trochanteric flip osteotomy. At 3rd, 6th and 24th month follow-up, all patients had radiographic examination and underwent a final clinical evaluation based on the modified Merle d'Aubigne and Postel score. The strength of the abductors was assessed according to the Medical Research Council (MRC) grading system. ResultsCongruent reduction was achieved in all patients and all osteotomies healed within an average period of 3.8 months. All our patients were allowed full weight bearing at the end of 3 months and with no abductor lurch at the end of 6 months follow-up. There were no cases of avascular necrosis of femoral head. None of the patients had any neurovascular complication or infection by the end of the follow-up period. ConclusionTrochanteric flip osteotomy is a very effective technique to fix certain acetabular fractures especially those with dome involvement. It is more accurate and associated with no significant complications compared with conventional way.

Complete Resection of a Massive Synovial Osteochondromatosis of the Hip Using an Anterior Approach: A Report of Two Cases

Arthroscopic excision of synovial osteochondromatosis of the hip is commonly performed. However, when the lesion extends to the extra-articular space of the hip joint, excision using arthroscopy becomes difficult. Although surgical dislocation of the hip with a trochanteric flip osteotomy is commonly used, manual access to the inferomedial portion of the acetabulum remains difficult. In this case report, we describe arthroscopic resection followed by open surgery using an anterior approach with or without surgical dislocation to excise a synovial osteochondromatosis of the hip that had extended to the extra-articular space and formed a herniation sac. Excision was completed without complications. An anterior approach with or without surgical dislocation should be considered as a surgical option for the treatment of a massive synovial osteochondromatosis of the hip joint.

Unstable Posterior Acetabular Fractures: Early Results of Delayed Reduction and Fracture Fixation Using the Kocher-Langenbeck Approach with Trochanteric Flip Osteotomy

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Does digastric trochanteric flip osteotomy increase complications in treatment of complex acetabular fractures

Objective To observe the short-, mid- and long-term surgical complications of complex acetabular fractures treated by the Kocher-Langenbeck (K-L) approach combined with digastric trochanteric flip osteotomy (DTFO). Methods We reviewed the 40 cases of complex acetabular fracture that were treated at our department from December 2009 through December 2013. They were 34 men and 6 women, from 17 to 73 years of age (average, 47.6 years) . Of them, 19 were treated by K-L approach combined with DTFO, including 17 males and 2 females, with a mean age of 44.7±11.7 years. The other 21 controls were treated simply through the K-L approach, including 17 males and 4 females, with a mean age of 42.8±14.4 years. The 2 groups were compared in terms of intraoperative results, postoperative outcomes and surgical complications like infection, sciatic nerve injury, heterotopic ossification, femoral avascular necrosis, and post-traumatic arthritis. Results The 40 cases were followed up for an average of 29.7 months (range, from 18 to 59 months) . The operation time for the DTFO group (248.2±123.2 min) was significantly shorter than that for the control group (276.1±50.6 min) , the satisfactory reduction rate for the DTFO group (100.0%) was significantly higher than that for the control group (90.5%) , the hip intorsion (19.7°±3.5°) , hip extorsion (26.1°±4.3°) , and hip abduction (40.5°±4.7°) at one year postoperation in the DTFO group were significantly superior to those in the control group (14.3°±6.0°, 21.0°±7.2°, 31.9°±10.8°, respectively) , and the hospital stay for the for the DTFO group (19.0±7.1 d) was significantly longer than that for the control group (13.6±4.9 d) (P 0.05) . Infection or iatrogenic sciatic nerve injury occurred in none of the patients. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of positive Trendelenburg test, hip function, heterotopic ossification, femoral avascular necrosis, or post-traumatic arthritis at the last follow-ups (P>0.05). Conclusions In the surgical treatment of complex acetabular fractures, especially those involving the acetabular dome area and the femoral head, K-L approach combined with DTFO can obtain larger surgical exposure field, good fracture reduction and functional recovery, without obviously increasing surgical complications. This technique only slightly increases intraoperative bleeding and transfusion, and results in longer hospital stay. Key words: Acetabulum; Fractures, bone; Osteotomy; Postoperative complications

Surgical hip dislocation according to Ganz for excision of osteochondromas in patients with multiple hereditary exostoses.

We report a prospective cohort study of the midterm results of surgical dislocation of the hip (according to Ganz) to perform resection of osteochondromas involving the femoral neck in patients with multiple hereditary exostoses (MHE). Hip range of movement (ROM) was assessed pre- and post-operatively. Patients' judgment of post-operative reduction of pain, symptoms, the Rand 36-item Health Survey (RAND-36) and complications were analysed. Symptomatic osteochondromas of the femoral neck were removed in 20 hips (17 patients) between 2007 and 2012. There were nine men and eight women with a mean age at the time of surgery of 29 years (11 to 47). Mean follow-up was 46 months (26 to 73). At latest follow-up, mean ROM was significantly increased in all directions. Post-operatively the pain associated with the lesion was either significantly decreased or non-existent. There was a significant improvement in seven RAND-36 sub-domains. Encountered complications in four patients were pseudoarthrosis of the trochanteric osteotomy, traumatic separation of the trochanteric osteotomy, a pertrochanteric femoral fracture and avasvular necrosis. Histological analysis revealed osteochondromas in all hips. This study confirms the Ganz trochanteric flip osteotomy provided a reliable approach to osteochondromas of the femoral neck that are otherwise difficult to access for surgical resection. The procedure offered significant improvement in the quality of life, although one should be aware of the serious complications can arise despite the relatively safe procedure. When daily function and activities are affected, resection of osteochondromas of the proximal femur according to Ganz is indicated to significantly improve quality of life.

Application of Trochanteric Flip Osteotomy with Herbert Screw to Treat Pipkin I,II Fracture of the Femoral Head

There is no definite protocol in management of Pipkin fracture in relation to operation approach and internal fixations. The aim is to explore the therapeutic effects of internal fixation with Herbert screws for the treatment of Pipkin type I and type II femoral head fractures through the trochanteric flip osteotomy (TFO) approach. From January 2010 to December 2014, 12 cases of type I and II Pipkin fracture (including 8 type I,4 type II) treated through TFO approach and internal fixation with Herbert screws. All the patients were followed up 1-4 years with an average of 2.6 years. The whole osteotomies and acetabular fractures healed within 6 to 12 weeks. All patients achieved healing of femoral head fracture after 12-16 months without femoral head necrosis. Heterotopic ossification (HO) occurred in 1 cases after operation which were left untreated. At the last follow-up, excellent and good rate was 91.7%. Treatment of type I, II Pipkin fracture through TFO approach can provide good visualization and protect of the femoral head blood supply. The treatment of internal fixation with Herbert screws is effective for Pipkin type I and type II femoral head fracture.

Surgical Treatment of Synovial Osteochondromatosis of the Hip Using a Modified-Hardinge Approach with a Z-Shaped Capsular Incision.

Synovial osteochondromatosis of the hip is a rare condition, and the surgical treatment approach for this condition requires complete removal of loose bodies combined with synovectomy. While these, procedures are generally accepted as the optimal treatment method, this is still controversial topic. Recent studies have reported that open surgical procedures remain acceptable for synovial osteochondromatosis of the hip. These procedures include the dislocation of the femoral head, and complications such as femoral head necrosis and bursitis or great trochanter non-union due to trochanteric osteotomy have been reported. The present study reports a modified technique for surgical dislocation through a Z-shaped capsular incision without trochanteric flip osteotomy for the treatment of synovial osteochondromatosis of the hip.

Surgical hip dislocation for treatment of cam femoroacetabular impingement.

Background:Cam femoroacetabular impingement is caused by a misshapen femoral head with a reduced head neck offset, commonly in the anterolateral quadrant. Friction in flexion, adduction and internal rotation causes limitation of the hip movements and pain progressively leading to labral and chondral damage and osteoarthritis. Surgical hip dislocation described by Ganz permits full exposure of the hip without damaging its blood supply. An osteochondroplasty removes the bump at the femoral head neck junction to recreate the offset for impingement free movement.Materials and Methods:Sixteen patients underwent surgery with surgical hip dislocation for the treatment of cam femoroacetabular impingement by open osteochondroplasty over last 6 years. Eight patients suffered from sequelae of avascular necrosis (AVN). Three had a painful dysplastic hip. Two had sequelae of Perthes disease. Three had combined cam and pincer impingement caused by retroversion of acetabulum. All patients were operated by the trochanteric flip osteotomy with attachments of gluteus medius and vastus lateralis, dissection was between the piriformis and gluteus minimus preserving the external rotators. Z-shaped capsular incision and dislocation of the hip was done in external rotation. Three cases also had subtrochanteric osteotomy. Two cases of AVN also had an intraarticular femoral head reshaping osteotomy.Results:Goals of treatment were achieved in all patients. No AVN was detected after a 6 month followup. There were no trochanteric nonunions. Hip range of motion improved in all and Harris hip score improved significantly in 15 of 16 cases. Mean alpha angle reduced from 86.13° (range 66°–108°) to 46.35° (range 39°–58°).Conclusion:Cam femoroacetabular Impingement causing pain and limitation of hip movements was treated by open osteochondroplasty after surgical hip dislocation. This reduced pain, improved hip motion and gave good to excellent results in the short term.

Surgical hip dislocation is a reliable approach for treatment of femoral head fractures.

Femoral head fractures are rare injuries; incongruency and instability are indications for surgical intervention. Anterior, posterior, and transtrochanteric surgical approaches have been proposed, but the exposure is limited with classical approaches. Surgical hip dislocation allows for a 360° view of the head and may facilitate a reduction in selected head fractures, but to our knowledge, few studies have reported on the results with this technique. We therefore report on the (1) quality of fracture reduction; (2) modified Harris hip score at a minimum of 2 years (mean, 6 years, range, 26-122 months); and (3) frequency of complications, including avascular necrosis (AVN), arthritis development, and heterotopic ossification, in a case series of patients with femoral head fractures treated with this approach. The procedure involves digastric trochanteric flip osteotomy and safe dislocation of the femoral head, preserving its vessels. Using this technique we are able to reduce all displaced femoral head fractures under direct view. Definitive fixation is performed through this approach with 2.7-mm nonabsorbable screws. The same technique may be used also for Pipkin IV fractures to fix transverse, T-type, posterior wall, or posterior column acetabular fracture. Between 2004 and 2011, we used this approach to manage all displaced femoral head fractures in patients younger than 55 years old. A total of 17 patients were thus treated; of those three were lost to followup before 2 years, and one was excluded from study because of severe preoperative neurological impairment, leaving 13 for analysis here. Patient demographic, injury, and surgical variables as well as complications were recorded and retrospectively evaluated. Radiographic outcome was scored according to Matta's criteria on postoperative radiographs. Outcomes were evaluated with the modified Harris hip score. Minimum followup was 24 months (mean, 77 months; SD, 32.8 months). Fracture reduction was anatomic in eight hips and imperfect in five. Mean clinical score was 82 points (SD, 7.7). One patient developed symptomatic femoral head AVN and underwent total hip arthroplasty 4 years after the index procedure; no other patient underwent arthroplasty. Besides this patient, signs of arthritis (Grade I according to Tönnis classification) were found in one patient and heterotopic ossification was recorded in two patients, but neither was symptomatic. Our experience with surgical dislocation shows clinical results comparable to previously reported outcomes in femoral head fractures treated with common approaches; we also present a similar rate of AVN and a lower rate of posttraumatic arthritis, but a higher risk of heterotopic ossification. Further case-control studies are necessary to confirm these statements. Level IV, therapeutic study.

Operative treatment of displaced Pipkin type I and II femoral head fractures

The optimal surgical approach for the treatment of femoral head fracture remains controversial. We retrospectively reviewed patients with Pipkin type I and II femoral head fractures managed surgically through posterior Kocher-Langenbeck approach and Ganz trochanteric flip approach aiming to define the best approach with the least morbidity. Between May 1995 and November 2010, 23 patients (14 men and 9 women) with an average age of 39.1years (range 27-62) were treated by open reduction and internal fixation of femoral head fractures (5, Pipkin type I; and 18, type II) through Kocher-Langenbeck approach in 11 patients and trochanteric flip (digastric) osteotomy in 12. The two approaches were compared regarding operative time, difficulty of reduction and fixation, amount of blood loss, occurrence of femoral head osteonecrosis or heterotopic ossification and the final functional outcome. The scale of Brooker was used to document heterotopic ossification. The modified Merle d'Aubigne and Postel as well as Thompson and Epstein scores were used for final evaluation. Trochanteric flip approach was associated with less operative time, less blood loss and improved visualization facilitating direct screw fixation compared with Kocher-Langenbeck approach. Non-union of the trochanteric osteotomy developed in one patient. Heterotopic ossification was seen more in trochanteric flip-approached cases. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head occurred in one patient (8.1%) of trochanteric flip-approached group and two (18.1%) of posterior approach group. All patients were followed up for an average of 31months (range 24-84). Except for one patient, the final outcomes were equal in the two groups. Despite the limited number of patients, we can conclude that good final outcome does not necessarily follow a specific approach.

Assessment of Femoral Head and Head-Neck Junction Perfusion Following Surgical Hip Dislocation Using Gadolinium-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging

The purpose of the present study was to quantify perfusion to the femoral head and head-neck junction using gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging following three surgical dislocations of the hip (trochanteric flip osteotomy, standard posterior approach, and modified posterior approach). The medial femoral circumflex artery was cannulated in fifty fresh-frozen cadaveric hips (twenty-five pelvic specimens). One hip on each pelvic specimen was randomly chosen to undergo one of the three surgical dislocations, and the contralateral hip was used as a control. Gadolinium enhancement on the magnetic resonance imaging scan was quantified in both the femoral head and head-neck junction by volumetric analysis using custom magnetic resonance imaging analysis software. A polyurethane compound was then injected, and gross dissection was performed to assess the extraosseous vasculature. Magnetic resonance imaging quantification revealed that the trochanteric flip osteotomy group maintained almost full perfusion (mean, 96% for the femoral head and 98% for the head-neck junction). The standard posterior approach almost completely compromised perfusion (mean, 4% for the femoral head and 8% for the head-neck junction). Six specimens in the modified posterior approach group demonstrated partial perfusion (mean, 32% in the femoral head and 26% in the head-neck junction). Three specimens in the modified posterior approach group demonstrated almost full perfusion (mean, 96% in the femoral head and 97% in the head-neck junction). Gross dissection revealed that all specimens in the standard posterior approach group and seven of ten in the modified posterior approach group sustained disruption of the ascending branch of the medial femoral circumflex artery. All specimens in the standard posterior approach group demonstrated disruption of the inferior retinacular artery. The inferior retinacular artery remained intact in nine of ten specimens in the modified posterior approach group. One specimen in the modified posterior approach group that had disruption of both the ascending medial femoral circumflex artery and inferior retinacular artery demonstrated a substantial decrease in perfusion (7% in the femoral head and 5% in the head-neck junction). The trochanteric flip osteotomy preserves the vascular supply to the femoral head and head-neck junction. The standard posterior approach disrupts the vascular supply and should be completely abandoned for surgical hip dislocation. Despite reduced enhancement, substantial perfusion of the femoral head and head-neck junction was present in the modified posterior approach group, likely because of the preservation of the inferior retinacular artery. The modified posterior approach produced variable results, indicating that improvement to the modified posterior approach is needed. Our study provides previously unreported quantitative magnetic resonance imaging data on the perfusion to the femoral head and head-neck junction during common surgical approaches to the hip.

Surgical Dislocation Technique for the Treatment of Acetabular Fractures

Surgical hip dislocation allows for a 360° view of the acetabulum and may facilitate a reduction in selected acetabular fractures. To our knowledge there is no description in the literature of the different techniques used to reduce acetabular fractures through this approach. The aims of this study are to describe a technique of hip surgical dislocation to treat a variety of acetabular fracture patterns and to ascertain the early results with this technique, including the quality of fracture reductions achieved, clinical results, operative time, and complications such as avascular necrosis and heterotopic ossification. The procedure involves digastric trochanteric flip osteotomy and safe dislocation of the femoral head, preserving its vessels. T-type, transverse fractures alone or associated with posterior wall could be reduced with specific clamps and reduction adequacy can be judged by direct view. Anterior column fixation could be performed with one or two screws; the posterior column could be fixed with a single posterior plate or with two plates if a transverse fracture is associated with a posterior wall fracture. Between 2005 and 2011, we used this approach selectively to manage those types of fractures; during the period in question, we treated 312 acetabular fractures surgically, of which 31 (10%) were treated using this approach. Patient demographic, injury, and surgical variables as well as complications were recorded. Outcomes were evaluated with the Merle d'Aubigné and Postel system. Radiographic outcome was scored according to Matta's criteria on postoperative radiographs (AP and Judet views). Minimum followup was 24 months (mean, 43 months; range, 24-87 months). Fracture reduction was defined as anatomic in 65% cases, imperfect in 16%, and poor in 19%. Mean Merle d'Aubigné score was 15 points (out of 18, with higher scores being better). Two patients developed symptomatic femoral head avascular necrosis. In complex cases, surgical dislocation presents several advantages; a single approach may reduce surgical time, permit direct intraarticular assessment, and facilitate screw placement closer to the articular surface. It also presents several limitations; some difficulties with bone-reduction clamp positioning, limited fixation of the anterior column, and a small risk of greater trochanter malunion.

Pros and Cons of Surgical Hip Dislocation for the Treatment of Femoroacetabular Impingement

A more detailed understanding of the anatomy of the medial femoral circumflex artery enabled the development of the modern technique for surgical hip dislocation. Although the surgical hip dislocation is best known as an open method for treating femoroacetabular impingement, it allows the surgeon to address a variety of different hip pathologies, including femoral head and posterior wall acetabular fractures, chondral defects requiring cartilage restoration techniques, and excision of benign tumors. When the technique of an extended retinacular flap is added, surgeons are able to perform intra-articular osteotomies and open reduction of slipped capital femoral epiphysis while preserving the blood supply to the femoral head. The surgical hip dislocation allows direct observation of both intra-articular and extra-articular impingement and a means of correcting both during 1 procedure. The downsides of the surgical hip dislocation are largely related to the trochanteric flip osteotomy, with up to half of patients reporting mild residual lateral hip pain 1 year postoperatively. Trochanteric nonunion and residual abductor weakness are also potential complications of the surgical hip dislocation technique. Several studies have shown improved pain and functional outcomes in short-term and mid-term follow-up after treatment of femoroacetabular impingement. It has a low complication rate in the hands of experienced surgeons and is an important technique for addressing complex intra-articular hip pathology that would be technically challenging arthroscopically.

The Efficacy of Trochanteric Flip Osteotomy in Cases of Femoral Head Fracture

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of the trochanteric flip osteotomy in cases of femoral head fractures. Materials and Methods: Between May 2000 and January 2012, we evaluated 14 cases of femoral head fractures treated by trochanteric flip osteotomy in combination with the Kocher-Langenbeck approach after a minimum follow-up of one year. There were 13 men and one woman and the average follow-up period was 36.4 months. The clinical results were evaluated according to Merle d’Aubigne-Postel scores and the Thompson-Epstein scoring scale and the radiological results were evaluated according to time to union of fractures and osteotomy site. We also evaluated the incidence of complications. Results: At the last follow-up, mean Merle d’Aubigne-Postel score was 16.4 and 11 cases out of 14 patients presented with good to excellent, two cases presented with fair, and one case presented with a poor clinical result according to the Thompson-Epstein scoring scale. Radiologically all cases achieved union of fractures and osteotomy site and the mean time to union of the osteotomy site was 7.9 weeks. Complications included one case of heterotopic ossification which did not disturb hip function, two cases of avascular necrosis of the femoral head, and one case of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. Conclusion: The trochanteric flip osteotomy in the case of a femoral head fracture showed good clinical and radiological results through good visualization and accurate reduction of the fracture site. However, conduct of further studies including larger number of patients is needed in order to evaluate the incidence of complications such as avascular necrosis of the femoral head.

Rationales for the Bernese approaches in acetabular surgery

PurposeTo present two new approaches to acetabular surgery that were established in Berne, and which aim at enhanced visualization and anatomical reconstruction of acetabular fractures.MethodThe trochanteric flip osteotomy allows for surgical hip dislocation, and was introduced as a posterior approach for acetabular fracture management involving the posterior column and wall. For acetabular fractures predominantly involving the anterior column and the quadrilateral plate, the Pararectus approach is described.ResultsFull exposure of the hip joint, as provided by the trochanteric flip osteotomy, facilitates anatomical reduction of acetabular or femoral head fractures and safe positioning of the anterior column screw in transverse or T-shaped fractures. Additionally, the approach enables osteochondral transplantation as a salvage procedure for severe chondral femoral head damage and osteoplasty of an associated inadequate offset at the femoral head–neck junction. The Pararectus approach allows anatomical restoration with minimal access morbidity, and combines advantages of the ilioinguinal and modified Stoppa approaches.ConclusionsUtilization of the trochanteric flip osteotomy eases visualization of the superior aspect of the acetabulum, and enables the evaluation and treatment of chondral lesions of the femoral head or acetabulum and labral tears. Displaced fractures of the anterior column with a medialized quadrilateral plate can be addressed successfully through the Pararectus approach, in which surgical access is associated with minimal morbidity. However, long-term results following the two presented Bernese approaches are needed to confirm that in the treatment of complex acetabular fractures the rate of poor results in almost one-third of all cases (as currently yielded using traditional approaches) might be reduced by the utilization of the presented novel approaches.

Dislocated intra-articular femoral head fracture associated with fracture-dislocation of the hip and acetabulum: report of 12 cases and technical notes on surgical intervention

This report describes case series of the femoral head fractures associated with fracture-dislocation of the hip joint to evaluate the mid- and long-term outcomes and to highlight the surgical technique of fixation of the femoral head from the posterior trochanteric flip osteotomy approach. Twelve patients (6 men and 6 women) with dislocated femoral head fractures (mean age at the time of injury, 56 years; range, 23-80) were followed up for mean period of 9.7 years (range, 5-20). All dislocations were reduced within less than 6 h after the injury. The type of femoral head fracture was classified according to the Pipkin classification on radiographs and CT. Five patients were classified as type I, 2 as type II, 2 as type III, and 3 as type IV. The clinical and radiological outcomes were assessed by Thompson and Epstein's regimen. Excluding 2 patients with Pipkin type III, the outcome of 9 patients was excellent/good, and poor in 1. The latter patient sustained Pipkin type IV and developed osteoarthritis 1 year after surgery and consequently required total hip arthroplasty. We conclude that small fragment of the femoral head less than 1 cm can be removed, while larger fragments should be fixed by bioabsorbable screws or pins in all types of femoral head fractures. In Pipkin type IV fractures, surgeons should always take anatomical reduction in the acetabulum into consideration during surgery.

Scintigraphic assessment of bone status at one year following hip resurfacing

ObjectivesTo study the vascularity and bone metabolism of the femoral head/neck following hip resurfacing arthroplasty, and to use these results to compare the posterior and the trochanteric-flip approaches.MethodsIn our previous work, we reported changes to intra-operative blood flow during hip resurfacing arthroplasty comparing two surgical approaches. In this study, we report the vascularity and the metabolic bone function in the proximal femur in these same patients at one year after the surgery. Vascularity and bone function was assessed using scintigraphic techniques. Of the 13 patients who agreed to take part, eight had their arthroplasty through a posterior approach and five through a trochanteric-flip approach.ResultsOne year after surgery, we found no difference in the vascularity (vascular phase) and metabolic bone function (delayed phase) at the junction of the femoral head/neck between the two groups of patients. Higher radiopharmaceutical uptake was found in the region of the greater trochanter in the trochanteric-flip group, related to the healing osteotomy.ConclusionsOur findings using scintigraphic techniques suggest that the greater intra-operative reduction in blood flow to the junction of the femoral head/neck, which is seen with the posterior approach compared with trochanteric flip, does not result in any difference in vascularity or metabolic bone function one year after surgery.

Femoral Neck Narrowing following Hip Resurfacing using Posterior and Ganz Approaches at Two Years

We report a retrospective review of femoral head/neck ratios on post-operative and two year follow-up radiographs following hip resurfacing arthroplasty. The patients were in two matched groups, having had surgery through a posterior approach or via a Ganz trochanteric flip. There was no significant difference in femoral neck narrowing at follow up between the two surgical approaches. However, we found significant narrowing of the femoral neck in both groups by the time of the two year follow-up radiograph.

Trochanteric flipアプローチを用いたhip resurfacingの大腿骨頭血流

Trochanteric flipアプローチを用いたhip resurfacingの大腿骨頭血流