Triple-glazed Windows Research Articles

Heat Transfer with Phase Change in a Multilayer Construction: Simulation versus Experiment

The latent heat storage in the layer of phase change material (PCM) exposed to dynamic changes in boundary temperature was investigated numerically and experimentally. The original numerical model of heat transfer with phase change using a mushy volume approach was proposed and validated. The main improvement in the proposed model in comparison to others is that the compaction of the mesh and longitude of the time step were chosen after analysis of its impact in the field of error. The model was tested in the case of thin layer structure of the triple glazing window with one cavity filled with phase change material paraffin RT18HC. The experimental validation was carried out in the climatic chamber under dynamic changes in external temperature (from 10 to 50 °C) in a daily cycle. The highest accuracy was obtained for space discretization of the control volume 1 mm thick (12 CV for 12 mm of PCM layer) and 5 min time step. The obtained RMSE values, although they cannot be directly compared because of the very different approaches to the simulations, show that the proposed algorithm is sufficiently accurate for the assessment of energy storage in the PCM window. Both the simulation and experiment proved that, under specific conditions, implementation of the PCM into the structure resulted in delaying the peak for around 4 h.

Movable window insulation as an instantiation of the adaptive building envelope: An investigation of its cost-effectiveness in the U.S

Improving the performance of building envelope is essential to energy conservation and emission reduction. Adaptive building envelope (ABE) has the potential to effectively reduce building energy consumption at a lower cost. Movable window insulation is an instantiation of the ABE with great application potential in buildings, but it has not been systematically studied. Trying to fill this gap, this paper proposes an automatic control system and a manual control rule for movable window insulation. The energy consumption of double-glazed windows, triple-glazed windows, movable insulation with automatic/manual control, and electrochromic windows is compared in different scenarios using building energy simulation (BES). In some scenarios, the optimal solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) for windows with movable insulation is higher than that required by the building code. Triple-glazed windows are only effective in reducing the heating energy, while electrochromic windows are only effective in reducing the cooling energy. Infiltration has a great impact on the performance of movable insulation. The net preset value (NPV) analysis shows that movable insulation has a great application potential in Minneapolis, Atlanta, and Phoenix, while triple-glazed windows are only viable in some cases in Minneapolis. Electrochromic windows are not a profitable investment at their current prices.

Impacts of environmental and human disturbances on behaviour of captive kiwi (Apteryx mantelli)

ABSTRACT We studied the behaviour of 15 captive brown kiwi (Apteryx mantelli), and the effects of disturbance on their behaviour. They were all held in nocturnal display facilities, known in New Zealand as Kiwi Houses and referred to here as enclosures 1–4. Our detailed study first compiled a baseline assessment of normal behaviours of captive kiwi from which to define the abnormal. We found that abnormal behaviours (pacing and startle responses) were usually stimulated by one of three different sources of disturbance: noise generated by visitors viewing the kiwi through glass-viewing windows, noise resulting from heavy rainfall, and keeper interactions. As noise was a major contribution to disturbance, we quantified the volume of sound that reached the interior of the kiwi display spaces within each enclosure, and correlated it with kiwi behaviour. Our results show how abnormal behaviours among captive kiwi can be minimised by eliminating or reducing disturbances, and we suggest how the design and structure of the enclosures can be improved in the future by mitigating noise disturbance, (1) from visitors by installation of double or triple glazed window joinery, and (2) from outside by greater insulation in the roof and walls.

Energy efficiency of modernization of translucent building envelope structures

The article focuses on determining the energy efficiency of the translucent structures of building envelope (TSBE) use with different lighting and thermal parameters. The expediency of replacing TSBE with more modern ones with higher thermal resistance and lower solar radiations relative penetration coefficient (SRRPC) is considered. The comparison was made taking into account the influence of TSBE parameters on electricity consumption in the office premises on the compensation of heat energy losses, as well as its savings due to the receipt of solar radiation during the heating period, the removal of excess heat during the cooling period and energy savings through the use of daylight during a year. It was found that despite the smaller glazing area and light-transmitting characteristics of configuration No. 3 (profile Veka Softline 82 with triple-glazed window 4Solar-16Ar-4-12Ar-4і), electricity savings when changing the configuration of TSBE No. 1 to No. 3 leads to energy savings of 31.7 kWh/yr with the TSBE area of 0.5 m2 to 419.5 kWh/yr at 6 m2, and when replacing configuration No2 by No3 – from 24.7 (STSBE = 0.5 m2) up to 397.2 (STSBE = 6 m2). This makes it possible to determine the energy and economic feasibility of TSBE modernization by installing metal-plastic structures with different lighting and thermal parameters.

Design Guidelines for Thermal Comfort and Energy Consumption of Triple Glazed Fluidic Windows on Building Level

AbstractThere has been a growing trend for buildings with large glazing size. As a trade‐off, this comes with enhanced solar heat input and/or reduced thermal insulation. Several approaches are being followed to reduce the energy consumption in these buildings, including the prolific field of smart windows. In a previous report, a fluidic window device for thermal harvesting and air‐conditioning was introduced. Using this example, the impact of a building's window‐to‐wall ratio on the triple glazed fluidic window's energy consumption and user thermal comfort is evaluated, providing design guidelines for large‐scale implementation of such smart windows with real‐world buildings. The analysis shows that the proposed window design reduces the primary energy demand as compared to using a conventional air‐conditioning system. Building simulation results indicate that the system enables satisfying thermal comfort for buildings with different window‐to‐wall ratios. Although a higher window‐to‐wall ratio improves the heat pump efficiency, it requires more heating and cooling energy. On‐device photovoltaic modules may be used for changing this relationship. In this case, the proposed device may become self‐sufficient once the transfer efficiency is high enough. It is argued that similar considerations should be applied to other types of smart window technologies.

Investigation of natural aeration in home offices during the heating season – case study

Buildings are more and more airtight in order to meet the energy performance requirements of national regulations. To provide appropriate air quality for occupants’ energy conscious ventilation systems are installed. However, in residential buildings natural ventilation methods are widely used. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic lots of people working initially in offices suddenly started to perform their activities at home, so they worked in so called home-office regime. Thus, rooms without mechanical ventilation were transformed from one day to other in offices. However, appropriate indoor air quality has to be provided since the human performance strongly depends by the CO2 concentration in the air. The aim of this research was to analyse and compare different natural aeration methods which can be adopted in this cases from energy point of view. A residential building built in 2014 was taken as an example, having gas filled triple glazed windows Class 3. The air change rates were determined at different temperatures having the window fully opened or tilted. Measurements were performed with and without occupants in the room in order to validate the results obtained from CO2 balance equation. The energy demand for heating up the fresh air was analysed. It was shown that up to 18% energy saving may be obtained choosing properly the aeration strategy. The paper draws the attention of stakeholders on the fact that changing the function of a room can lead to significant increase of energy consumption, which can be mitigated controlling properly the aeration process.

Life cycle sustainability assessment of window renovations in schools against noise pollution in tropical climates

Because of the significant increase in the number of noise complaints, reducing and limiting noise pollution have become prevalent subjects related to the retrofitting of school buildings. The present case study considers a multi-apartment school building in the city of Johor, Malaysia. The life cycle criteria evaluated in this study are carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and the cost and social impacts of each window type. The preliminary assessment showed that the school's current noise level is 74.31 dB (A), which exceeds the acceptable threshold of 55 dB (A). In the next step, three more windows were applied and reevaluated, with the triple glazing window performing the best (48.66 dB (A)), followed by the double glazing window (51.3 dB (A)). In terms of carbon emissions and cost, the preference window had the best performance. Meanwhile, considering the social aspect, the double glazing window performed the best. Because three different windows were deemed the best choice depending on which of the four criteria was considered, multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) was applied by TOPSIS to weigh and estimate each alternative. The final decision was made by giving priority to the four criteria as follows: noise (0.322), cost (0.257), CO2 emissions (0.227), and SLCA (0.194). The MCDM process revealed that the double glazing window is the most sustainable choice for school buildings. Furthermore, two sensitivity analyses were performed to eliminate human subjectivity involved in AHP.

Modelling of thermal processes in a glazing structure with temperature dependent optical properties - An example of PCM-window

Abstract The presented study proves the possibility of modelling variable optical properties actuated by a temperature inside the layer of phase change material (PCM) placed in a glass container. The new approach was implemented in ESP-r simulation tool by refining solar.F subroutine. The paper presents the results of numerical analysis of complex, triple glazed PCM-window. The optical properties substitution due to the change of phase is executed by refined control algorithm for windows. The idea of the control/actuator algorithm and its implementation in ESP-r software was described. The new approach was computationally tested for office room equipped with triple glazed window. The outer cavity was filed with paraffin. Five different paraffin waxes were analysed as a PCM filling and compared with traditional triple glazed window. The optical properties of the whole glazing used in the simulations were determined experimentally for liquid and solid state of PCM. The results were analysed in terms of energy for cooling, energy for lighting, visual discomfort, glare effect and thermal discomfort. It was concluded that there is none optimal type of PCM, and the best solution is to divide the glazing into sections filled with PCM with different melting temperatures.

Feasibility study of an off-grid container unit for industrial construction

This article presents solutions for improved energy efficiency by adapting a shipping container building in Shanghai for off-grid operation. While this prototype is based on a single unit, larger buildings made from multiple units constructed at factories is the ultimate goal. Previous studies of container buildings have revealed gaps concerning the quality of construction and thermal comfort. In this study, the heat transfer resistance of a typical container building wall has been improved from 1.0 m2K/W to around 3.7 m2K/W by installing Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP), verified through measurements. VIPs reduce the temperature dependence of the heating need and the thermal bridges from the steel beams. Through validated building performance simulation using the software IDA ICE, the energy use and indoor air quality were examined for different ventilation scenarios and indoor temperature setpoints in Shanghai. A wider range of heating and cooling setpoints outside operation hours, lowering the heating setpoint at night and upgrading to triple glazed windows were found to be the most economic energy saving measures. Combined with roof rainwater harvesting, the possibility of achieving near self-sufficiency of water and electricity in the suburbs of Shanghai shows promise in the quest for a higher degree sustainable living.

A Resilience and Environmentally Sustainable Assessment Framework (RESAF) for Domestic Building Materials in Saudi Arabia

In Saudi Arabia, the carbon footprint and energy use that results from using concrete in construction is a major negative contributor to the environmental effects of building materials. Likewise, the impact of annual cooling and heating energy demands has an equally prominent role to play. These demands need to be assessed and benchmarked in order that reduction targets can be set. Saudi Arabia presents its own unique context and local conditions, which creates a challenge when utilizing generic frameworks for assessing the environmental impact of domestic buildings. In meeting this aim, this paper presents a resilience and environmental sustainability assessment framework (RESAF) developed specifically for domestic buildings in Saudi Arabia. RESAF helps designers/builders to minimize the carbon footprint of the building fabric and reduce in-use energy demands of domestic buildings in Saudi Arabia. This paper shows how this framework can be used to reduce, by approximately 23%, the carbon impact from construction materials, primarily by substituting a portion of cement for pulverized fly ash (PFA) or ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). A reduction of 19% in annual cooling and heating energy demand were additionally achieved throughout the building’s life, simply by increasing insulation and using triple-glazed windows. The importance of passing these alternative solutions through the resilience filter is highlighted, not least questioning whether they are really fit-for-purpose.

Solar thermal performance of two innovative configurations of air-vacuum layered triple glazed windows

This study reports the optimal solar thermal performance of two innovative configurations of air-vacuum layered triple glazed window or Integrated Vacuum Window (IVW). These are when the vacuum layer of IVW is facing the warm or indoor side, i.e. IVWwarm, and when the vacuum layer of IVW is facing the cold or outdoor side, i.e. IVWcold, positions at dynamic solar insolation under winter and summer EN-ISO standard ambient conditions. A theoretically and experimentally validated finite element model is employed. The results show that in winter conditions, although the U-value of IVWwarm of 0.33 Wm−2K−1 is lower than that of IVWcold of 0.49 Wm−2K−1, the IVWcold has a higher solar heat gain. In sunny winter conditions, IVWcold provides higher energy efficiency while in winter night, IVWwarm provides higher energy efficiency than IVWcold. The results show that in summer conditions the U-value of IVWwarm and IVWcold are 0.34 Wm−2K−1 and 0.51 Wm−2K−1 respectively, while IVWwarm provides lower cooling-load and higher energy-efficiency compared to IVWcold. It is concluded that setting the vacuum gap at the indoor side position provides lower cooling-load and higher energy-efficiency compared to setting the vacuum cavity at the outdoor side position in summer ambient conditions.

A tool for the parametric assessment of operational energy use and embodied GHG emissions in a single-family house concept study

Present day European legislation focuses upon the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in buildings through better design and technological solutions, with a view to reduce operational energy use and embodied GHG emissions. Currently, environmental performance assessment tools for buildings lack in assessing these parameters over the entire lifecycle of a building. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a well-established methodology that gives a clear insight into the potential environmental impacts during the service life of a building. However, architect, engineer and constructor (AEC) professionals consider LCA as complex and time consuming. This paper builds upon a methodology for the development of a parametric analysis tool (PAT), which comprehensively assesses operational energy use and embodied GHG emissions during the lifecycle of a building. In this phase of the PAT’s development, the complexity of the tool has been increased by expanding the number of parameters from four (i.e. insulation thickness, window types, North façade glazing area and South façade glazing area) to seven (i.e. climatic zones, solar shading and electricity emission factors). This has increased the amount of parametric permutations from 1,372 to 12,348. The PAT has been applied to a conceptual two-storey single-family house, developed by the Norwegian ZEB Research Centre, which is assumed to be in either Oslo (Norway) or Lecce (Italy). The results show that the choice of insulation thickness influences total energy use less than the selection of shading types or glazing areas. The results also show the parametric selection with the least amount of operational energy use (34kWh/m2/yr) in the Lecce climate consists of triple-glazed windows (0.5W/m2k), 10m2 of glazing on the north façade, 20m2 of glazing on the south facade. The results show the parametric selection with the lowest total GHG emissions in the Oslo climate (7.8kgCO2eq/m2/yr) consists of triple glazing (0.5W/m2k), 10m2 of glazing on the north facade and 20m2 glazing on the south facade. This is because a lower electricity emission factor (132gCO2eq/kWh for Norway and 290gCO2eq/kWh for Italy) was used for converting operational energy use to GHG emissions, even though the Oslo climate has a higher heating demand compared to Lecce. In conclusion, this paper shows how complex design options can be evaluated in a holistic way through PAT to ascertain the best selection of design criteria for low GHG emissions and low operational energy use.

Thermal Performance Optimization and Experimental Evaluation of Vacuum-Glazed Windows Manufactured via the In-Vacuum Method

Windows are essential in buildings; however, they have poor thermal performance, so extensive research has been conducted on improving their performance. In this study, we developed vacuum-glazed windows with excellent insulation via the in-vacuum method, which shortens the manufacturing time and vacuuming degree considerably. In addition, the configuration of the pillars, low-emissivity (low-e) coating, and frame from a thermal performance perspective was experimentally optimized. The results revealed that the optimal pillar placement spacing is 40 mm and that the low-e coating surface must be located inside the vacuum layer to maximize insulation performance. The vacuum-glazed window produced by the in-vacuum method was applied to an actual residential building to investigate its thermal performance, which was compared with that of a triple-glazed window. The results showed that the center-of-glazing heat flow of the vacuum-glazed window was approximately 0.8 W/m2K lower than that of the triple-glazed window. The difference between the average indoor and outdoor surface temperatures during the nighttime was found to be up to 35.1 °C for the vacuum-glazed window and 23.1 °C for the triple-glazed window. Therefore, the energy efficiency of the building can be greatly improved by applying vacuum windows manufactured via the in-vacuum method and optimized for the best thermal performance.

Modelling of a net-zero energy condo in a cold climate using an interdisciplinary design framework

Developing buildings which generate the amount of energy that they use (energy net-zero) in cold climates has the potential to significantly reduce overall energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in these locations. This study introduces a design methodology which first iteratively reduces building loads from a synthesis of architectural, engineering, and building science strategies to achieve a minimized annual energy consumption. Then this optimized load is generated via on-site systems, and finally the overall design is validated within the goals of sustainability and high performance (as compared to benchmark designs). This strategy was applied to a detailed design-based analysis of a mid-rise, net-zero energy residential condo in Toronto, Canada. The building was developed within this iterative and computational process that draws on literature from passive house design, R2000, and ASHRAE 90.1 standards - as well as existing efficient building designs across various climates. Modelling using the eQuest building energy simulation software, relevant weather data, and hourly use profiles yielded energy consumption data which informed design modifications. Loads were systematically reduced by optimizing across building orientation, building layout and footprint, building materials, and architectural modifications. Furthermore, the use of Heat Recovery Ventilation (HRV) and Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) HVAC systems reduced heating and cooling demand and emissions in this mid-rise multi-unit residential building (MURB). Energy demand was further reduced by designing a high-performance building envelope with an improved window-to-wall ratio, triple glazed windows, airtight building enclosure, and high R-value insulation. On-site energy generation via the rooftop and facade solar array allowed for net-zero operation. The proposed methodology yielded a building design with annual energy consumption and GHG emissions reduced by 54.3% and 95.3% respectively.

Partially dynamic life cycle assessment of windows indicates potential thermal over-optimization

To reach the environmental goals set by EU, Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) and national building regulations will demand reductions in building’s energy consumption. Energy consumption goals for buildings are pursued through high thermal performance building components (HTPBC). Paradoxically, building regulations have no requirements regarding the embodied energy of buildings and components. To meet the requirements set by governments, HTPBCs in most cases require an increasing embodied energy (from insulation), assumed to be paid back during the service-life of HTPBCs. Accounting for decarbonization of the future energy supply, the expected payback might not be feasible in terms of total environmental footprint, since the future energy supplies are expected to be greener than the building’s embodied energy. Using roof windows as a case study, we assess if strict demands for building’s energy consumption, will lead to more sustainable buildings if all temporal variations in terms of global warming impacts across the service-life are taken into account. A comparison of double and tripple glazed windows reveals that the expected net energy savings obtained during the use phase are compromised by relatively higher impacts induced in the production stage. The case study indicates requirements of building’s energy performance might compromise the overall sustainability of building component solutions, as the additional embodied energy required to produce triple glazed windows most likely will not be compensated for by saved operational energy, when taking into account the forecasted decarbonatization of the building energy future supply.

Influence of the orientation on the optimal glazing size for passive houses in different European climates (for non-cardinal directions)

The construction sector accounts for a major part of European energy stock, so enhancing the energy performance of building is becoming more and more important. The improvement of the energy performance of building can be achieved through passive design measures and these have to be made in early design phases. Among them is the position and size of glazing in buildings. The study focuses on different deviations of the main glazed façade of a single-family building from the south and how this affects the energy flows through the glazing. The study was conducted for different European climates that are classified Cfb according to the Köppen-Geiger classification, namely Ljubljana, Budapest, Munich and Stockholm. The calculations were made for the orientations: WSW, SW, SSW, S, SSE, SE, ESE and for different U-values and g-values of the glazing. For each orientation and glazing properties type the optimal share of glazing (AGAW) was calculated. The optimal share of the glazing of the main façade for the climate of Ljubljana is between 38 and 42% of the façade, depending on the glass properties of the triple glazing windows. By tilting the main façade, the optimal share of glazing decreases, for example between 0 and 20% of glazing for the ESE orientation or between 0 and 24% for the WSW orientation. The optimal glazing areas remained very similar for Budapest and it is also possible to forecast the optimal areas for climates that have different cooling and heating requirements but similar solar gains for separate orientations (Stockholm and Munich). This means that the results are also applicable for other places that are classified as Cfb according to the Köppen-Geiger classification.

Cooling energy performance and thermal characteristics of a naturally ventilated slim double-skin window

A slim double-skin window (SDSW), which is a window that is naturally ventilated through a thin cavity of 20 mm, has recently been developed. This study aims to analyze the cooling energy performance of SDSW through field measurement and to numerically investigate its thermal characteristics and the influence of outer single glazing on it. The results of the field measurement showed that the room in which SDSW was installed had 9% less total cooling energy for a week in summer as compared to the room in which the triple glazing window was installed. The simulation results indicated that by changing the type of outer single glazing, the total solar heat gain (TSHG) differed by up to 34%. In addition, when the outer single glazing was low-emissivity glass, SDSW was the most effective. In the heat-transfer mode of the TSHG, the type of outer single glazing significantly affected short- and long-wavelength radiation rather than convection.

Modelling of an airflow window and numerical investigation of its thermal performances by comparison to conventional double and triple-glazed windows

In this paper, we numerically investigate thermal characteristics and performances of a triple-glazed airflow window, by comparison to conventional double and triple-glazed ones. Numerical simulations were performed with a nodal model of the airflow window, which has been first validated from experiments.Both experimental and numerical results show that the air supply preheating through the airflow window is significant, ranging from approximately 10–20 °C without solar radiation and during sunny periods, respectively. In the first case, the energy gain comes from both solar radiation and heat loss recovery through the window, while only from heat loss recovery in the second one. Then, additional simulations have been performed in order to compare the airflow window to a conventional airflow ventilation system combined to conventional double and triple-glazed windows. Numerical results point out that, due to the entering fresh outdoor air, the airflow window causes a stronger cold wall effect. However, at the same time, it reduces cold draught risks (air supply preheating of about 10 °C) and heat losses too. Indeed, for the same reason, the outer face temperature of the airflow window glazing is low and subsequently external heat transfers by convection and radiation reduced.Results also show that, in comparison to conventional windows, energy needs to heat a room are lower if this one is equipped with an airflow window. The reduction approximately ranges from 5% for night-time to 90% for daylight conditions. The main reason is the significant reduction in energy needs to heat the fresh air entering the room, by 36% and 79%, respectively. For an entire day, we found that the energy balance sheet is approximately neutral for an airflow window (−70 Wh), while negative for conventional double and triple-glazed ones (−572 Wh and −653 Wh, respectively).Finally, we compare and discuss the airflow window performance in terms of thermal transmittances, Ug and Uw values, and solar heat gain coefficients, gg and gw values. Results obtained for the airflow window point out that Ug and Uw significantly decrease when the airflow rate increases, due to an increase in the air supply preheating, especially until 15 m3 h−1. Results also show that it outperforms the double-glazed window at any airflow rate and the triple-glazed one for airflow rates from just 3 m3 h−1. At the opposite, gg and gw increase with the airflow rate, especially until 15 m3 h−1 and the comparison points out that the airflow window outperforms both the double and triple-glazed ones at any airflow rate. As an example, for an airflow rate of 15 m3 h−1, that is for practical applications in residential or office buildings, the glazing solar heat gain coefficient of the airflow window is approximately 20 and 30% higher than double and triple-glazed ones, respectively.

Thermally improved triple-glazing windows considering the condensation resistance (TDR) and thermal transmittance (U-factor) to meet Korean standards

The purpose of this study is to identify effective methods of improving the condensation resistance and thermal insulation performance of triple-glazed windows. These improvements should satisfy the required temperature difference ratio (TDR) of the Design Standard for Preventing Condensation in Apartment Buildings and the required thermal transmittance (U-factor) of the Construction Standards for Energy-Efficient Green Homes. In apartment buildings, various alternatives were selected for tilt-and-turn triple-glazed windows that directly face the exterior. The TDR was calculated using a three-dimensional heat transfer simulation performed with TRISCO (Physibel, Belgium), and the U-factor was calculated after the Window/Therm simulation. Under the same glazing composition, compared with Case 1 with an aluminum spacer, Case 2 with a TPS; thermal insulation spacer showed a 19.5% lower TDR on average, and Case 3 with a TPS and a 5-mm extended glazing overlap height of the frame exhibited a 23.4% lower TDR on average, thereby verifying that the condensation resistance performance was improved. The application of thermal insulation spacers is essential along with the extended glazing overlap height of the frame for satisfying the required TDR criteria of region III and above. Among the 16 alternatives that met the region II criteria of the design standard, two alternatives met the required mid region U-factor criteria of the construction standards, and 12 alternatives met the required southern region U-factor criteria. As a result, the most effective alternatives for satisfying the required TDR and U-factor of Korean design standards were outlined.

Numerical and experimental study on the thermal performance improvement of a triple glazed window by utilizing low-grade exhaust air

Exhaust air insulation building envelope can recover and utilize the low-grade energy inherent in the exhaust air to prevent the heat transfer through the building envelope. The study investigates a triple glazed exhaust-air window (TGEW), which can switch its operation mode between the cooling and heating season. A two-dimensional numerical model was proposed to analyze the conjugated heat transfer in the TGEW. The experiment test of the TGEW was conducted and used to validate the proposed two-dimensional numerical model. The utilization efficiency of exhaust air within the TGEW was experimentally investigated under real outdoor weather condition. Numerical simulations were carried out to investigate the thermal performance improvement of the triple-glazed window by utilizing the exhaust air. Hourly and accumulated cooling/heating loads of the TGEW were calculated and compared with that of a conventional triple-glazed window (TGW). Results indicate that compared to the conventional TGW, the TGEW can reduce 25.3% and 50.1% of the annual accumulated cooling and heating loads. This demonstrates that the TGEW is applicable to the buildings installed with the fresh air supply system and can potentially contribute to decrease the cooling and heating loads through the window by utilizing the exhaust air.