Trigona Sp Research Articles

The Effect of Propolis Trigona sp. Water Extract from North Lombok on Blood Sugar Levels in Vivo

Propolis has been touted for its ability to regulate blood sugar levels in diabetes, but the effectiveness can vary depending on the region. A study was conducted to investigate the effect of propolis Trigona sp. water extract on blood sugar levels in vivo. The mice were divided into three groups, with four mice in each group. The positive control group received a 5 mg/kgBW glibenclamide suspension, the negative control group was given a 0.25% CMC-Na suspension, and the treatment group was administered with water extract of propolis at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW. All groups were induced with a 20% D-glucose solution intraperitoneally, and blood sugar levels were measured at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes via the tail vein. The blood sugar data was analyzed and presented descriptively. The Mann-Whitney statistical analysis was used to determine the results, revealing that the water extract of propolis at 300 mg/kgBW did not have a significant effect on reducing blood sugar levels in animals induced by a 20% D-glucose solution, with a significance value (p < 0.05).

SOSIALILISASI PEMBUATAN STUP SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI HASIL HUTAN BUKAN KAYU (HHBK) MADU TRIGONA SP

Manusela National Park borders several villages to the south. The proximity of the village location to the National Park is an opportunity to improve the family economy based on Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) through cultivating Trigona sp bees. The aim of Community Service activities is to educate and train the community of bee farming groups to provide stock. Community Service Activities were carried out in collaboration with the Manusela National Park Office, in Moso village, Central Maluku Regency on 21-25 November 2023. The communities who are stakeholders in this activity are honey farmer groups from 3 villages, namely: Moso village, Teluti Baru and Hattu. PKM activity participants are involved in all series of activities starting from delivering materials for making stups to placing stups. The resulting stup was 10 units and 3 units were placed in each village and 1 stup unit was placed around the location where the stup was made.

Performance of The Trigona,Sapiens Honey Agribusiness Developed By Communities Around The Laiwoi KPH Forest Area In Amonggedo District, Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province

The Trigona sp bee is a type of biodiversity that has high economic value and is a leading commodity for Non-Timber Forest Products (HhBk), which is developed by the community around the KPH Laiwoi forest area, Amonggedo District, Konawe Regency. The community and government of Amonggedo Baru sub-district, Mataiwoi Village, Puasana Village, and Amonggedo District have formed farmer groups and Gapoktan to cultivate Trigona sp bees. as a sector of economic improvement for society. This community partnership activity was conducted in Mataiwoi Village and Amonggedo Baru Village, Amonggedo District, Konawe Regency. The method used in this survey research is the Agribusiness Technology Transfer Approach. Data was collected through observation and interview methods. Based on the community profile above, the problem of research on the performance of the Trigona Honey Agribusiness developed by the community around the KPH Laiwoi Forest area, Amonggedo District, Konawe Regency is presented in detail as follows: 1. The performance of the Trigona, sp Honey Agribusiness is determined by human factors, capital, processing tools and machines, honey management methods and technology, markets, and non-economic environmental factors carried out using a Technology Transfer approach to the Trigona—Sp Honey Bee Agribusiness subsystem. The community around the KPH Laiwoi Forest Area, Amonggedo District, Konawe Regency developed them. 2. Trigona, sp honey bee production management developed by the community is moving the colony from the primary habitat on a dead tree to an artificial habitat in artificial STUP boxes with a start-up of 20 boxes per group

Formulation of Effervescent Tablet from Kelulut Bee (Trigona sp.) Pollen from East Kalimantan

Since the beginning of human history, bee honey has been used by humans. However, there are also other bee products such as bee pollen (BP), royal jelly, propolis, and beeswax. Previous research has identified that pollen contains amino acids, lipids, flavonoids, micronutrients and many fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamins A, E and D, as well as water-soluble vitamins such as vitamins B1, B2, B6 and C. The objective of this study is to formulate bee pollen as effervescent tablet. The method in this study used alkaline granulation which requires an oven process for 24 hours and the use of a combination of sodium bicarbonate with citric acid. Three formulas were optimized in this study. The stability test results showed that formula number 3 has an average moisture content of 0.5696±0.6154%, and average flow rate of 0.67±0.02054 g/sec, the average compressibility in formula number 1 is 0.046±0.0452%. Overall, it is also known that formula number 2 has the smallest dissolution time compared to other formulations. The effect of the combination of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate used in the formulation of effervescent tablets from bee pollen on the physical quality of the tablets, namely friability, hardness, and dissolving time, the higher levels of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate used do not have a significant effect on friability, hardness, and time dissolving effervescent tablets from bee pollen from kelulut bees (Trigona sp).

Effect of Temperature and Duration of Gasbio Heat Energy on Bee Pollen Bioactive Compounds and Bee Propolis Extraction Trigona sp

Processing of dried bee pollen and propolis extraction to optimize the use of processed by-products of Trigona sp bees in the general public by utilizing biogas as heat energy. This research uses bee pollen and raw bee propolis (Trigona sp). The aim of the research was to determine the effect of temperature and length of time for drying bee pollen and propolis extraction on bioactive compounds. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications, consist with (1) Bee pollen drying temperature with sunlight, 45 oC, 55 oC, 65 oC, and 75 oC, (2) Long oven time 3 days, 2,5 hours, 2 hours, 1 hour, and 15 minutes. Meanwhile, the treatment for propolis extraction with distilled water solvent is (1) Temperature 70 oC, 75 oC, 80 oC, 85 oC, and 90 oC, (2) Length of extraction time is 220 minutes. Data were analyzed using Variant ANOVA. If there is a significant difference and effect (P<0.05) or highly significant (P<0.01), then proceed with least significant difference test. Dried bee pollen research results the best bioactive compounds were obtained at a temperature of 65 oC (T3) with protein content (14.09 %), total phenol (1.314 mgGAE/g), and antioxidant content (53.97 ug/mL). The best results for propolis extraction were at a temperature of 70 oC (T0) with antioxidants (21.15ug/mL) and total phenolics (0.357 mgGAE/g). Gasbio can be used as an alternative heat for drying bee pollen and propolis extraction, but when use gasbio must determine the right temperature and time.

Development Strategy of Klanceng Honey Livestock (Trigona Sp) in Lubuk Raja, Ogan Komering Ulu District

Honey bee cultivation is one of the livestock businesses that can play a role in meeting the economic needs of the community. This research was conducted in order to find out what strategies are appropriate in developing the Klanceng (Trigona sp) honey livestock business so that the marketing and development of the Klanceng (Trigona sp) honey livestock business can develop and be able to add economic value to the people of Lubuk Raja District, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency. The results of this research are internal factors include strengths and weaknesses, namely that employees have undergone training, the availability of nectar production facilities is quite extensive, cultivation management has been implemented and they already have market share. The weaknesses of the Klanceng Honey Farming Business (Trigona SP) in Lubuk Raja District, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency are seasonal factors, funds, not being able to harvest every day, simple product packaging and lack of knowledge of marketing media. External factors include opportunities and threats. The strategiesis using the S-O strategy or power of opportunity strategy, namely utilizing government support in expanding the marketing area for honey products, utilizing nearby shops and honey collecting agents to market the harvest of Klanceng honey bee products (Trigona sp), then utilizing social media as a promotional tool honey products, as well as changing old packaging in the form of marjan bottles into more attractive glass bottles, developing technology for cultivating livestock Klanceng honey bees (Trigona sp) and finally renting land in an area that is in season.

Effect of Propolis Trigona Sp on Expression of TNF-α in Superficial Dermal Burns through In Vivo Test

Abstract: Burn is caused by exposure to high-temperature substances such as hot, solid liquids or gases such as smoke, steam, engines, stoves, radiators and objects that emit heat energy. In severe burns, there is an excessive neutrophil inflammatory response that triggers SIRS, where there is an excessive increase in pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNFα and IL-6. Propolis contains a number of compounds, such as flavonoids, CAPE, phenol compounds, arginine, ferulic acid and albumin which play a good role in healing burns. This study aimed to find out the effect of propolis on TNF-α expression through in-vivo testing in cases of superficial dermal burns. This was an experimental and laboratory study to assess the bioactive compounds contained in Trigona Sp propolis. Descriptive analysis was performed on the bioactive composition of Trigona Sp propolis and experimental effectiveness of propolis on TNF-α expression in superficial dermal burns. The study was conducted at the laboratory of experimental animals "Alike Quality System", Manado. The results showed that the group treated with propolis had smaller burn areas compared to the groups treated with 1% silver sulfadiazine or with 0.9% NaCl. Granulation had been formed throughout all wounds, however, macroscopically, burns with propolis treatment showed reddish wound appearance while treated wounds with 1% silver sulfadiazine and 0.9% NaCl were darker in color and had thicker crust formation. The one-way ANOVA test showed no significant difference between propolis and 1% silver sulfadiazine on TNF-α expression in dermal superficial burns (p=0.666) meanwhile the effect of propolis compared with NaCl 0.9% on TNF-α expression in dermal superficial burns, showed significant differences (p=0.006 and p=0.040). In conclusion, administration of propolis can reduce the expression of TNF-α in superficial dermal burn. Keywords: propolis; Trigona sp; burns; in vivo study

Potensi Pengembangan Budidya Lebah Trigona Sp Di Kecamatan Mowila Kabupaten Konawe Selatan

Trigona sp beekeeping is a business that has been carried out by many people in Mowila District, Konawe Selatan Regency, but not many know about the prospects for developing this business in the future. This study aims to analyze the development potential of Trigona sp honey bees in Mowila District, Konawe Selatan Regency. This research was carried out in July-June 2022 by taking the research location in Mowila District, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The research location was determined purposively (purposive sampling) with the consideration that in a village located in Mowila District, there is a relatively large population developing the Trigona sp beekeeping business. The number of respondents taken in this study was 80 respondents. The analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis using the SWOT analysis technique. The results using the SWOT analysis in this study indicate (1) the S-O strategy (a.) Increasing the relatively good quality of honey in order to increase production and is supported by easy colony maintenance and the availability of plantation crops as a feed source. (b.) Improving infrastructure and supported by local government policies in an effort to promote the processing of Trigona sp. honey bees. (2) W-O strategy (a.) Consumer demand is quite large, extension agents must be more active in conducting training and providing guidance in carrying out Trigona sp honey bee cultivation business puzzles from extension agents. (b.) Forming livestock groups assisted by the active role of extension agents. (3) S-T strategy (a. Supported by easy bee care can increase production so that income can increase.) and (4) W-T strategy (a.) Increase human resource skills so that they can increase the ability of breeders to process Trigona sp. bee cultivation business. (b) Participate in many trainings held by the Animal Husbandry Service or related institutions so that they can overcome the effects of weather and reduce the effect of unstable prices in conducting Trigoan sp. beekeeping.

Inventory of plants as food source for Apis sp. and Trigona sp. in Tlekung Batu East Java Indonesia

This study aims to identify plant species and analyze the density (D), frequency (F), Importance Value Index (IVI) of each plant that is a source of food for Apis sp. and Trigona sp. in Tlekung Village. This research was conducted using survey and sampling methods in 3 garden locations where there is honey bee cultivation. Each location has 10 plots, one plot has an area of 1m x 1m. Data analysis using RD, RF, and IVI formulas. The results of the study were 2579 individuals consisting of 37 species from 20 families and 18 orders. The plant species that has the largest IVI is Synedrella nodiflora (66.30) from the family Asteraceae order Asterales as well as recommendations to be provided around the garden to support the feed of Apis sp. and Trigona sp.

Effect of Rotational Speed and Extraction Time on The Physicochemical Qualities of Klanceng Honey (Trigona sp.)

Klanceng honey is one of the livestock produced by the Trigona sp. Bees cultivated by KTH Telaga Lestari, Ngebel Village, Ponorogo. The quality of klanceng honey needs to be improved through the extraction process to optimize the quality of honey. The research objective is to determine the physical and chemical qualities (pH, acidity, reducing sugar content, water content, and specific gravity). The method used in this research was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Factorial with two factors, which were rotational speed (30 (A1), 31 (A2), and 32 (A3) Hz) and extraction time (4 (B1), 5 (B2), and 6 (B3) minutes). The tested variables were pH, acidity, reducing sugar content, water content, and specific gravity. The data was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that speed rotation had a significant effect (P<0.05) on pH 3.68±0.08, a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on acidity 197.22±21.21, and reducing sugar content 68.46±25.71. In contrast, the rotational speed did not significantly affect water content and specific gravity (P>0.05). The results showed that the extraction time used had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on acidity 156.67±44.82 and reducing sugar content 62.56±30.09, a significant difference (P<0.05) on water content 27.33±0.50 and extraction time used did not give effect (P>0.05) to pH and specific gravity. In conclusion, the research results showed that the rotational speed of 32 Hz (A3) and the extraction time of 4 minutes (B1) gave the best value for pH, acidity, reducing sugar content, water content, and specific gravity.

Comparative Analysis of Income of KTH Pattiro and KTH Lanniti on Trigona sp Honeybee Product in Rompegading Village, Cenrana District, in District Maros

The aim of the study was to find out how much the comparison and difference in income of KTH Pattiro and KTH Lanniti in the production of honey bee forest products Trigona sp in Rompegading Village, Cenrana District, Maros Regency. The data collection method was carried out through interviews with members of the Forest Farmer Group using a questionnaire. Respondents were determined by census as many as 30 people consisting of 15 members of the Pattiro Forest Farmers Group and 15 members of the Laniti Forest Farmers Group. The results showed that the comparison or comparative income of the Pattiro forest farmer group was Rp. 17,205,000/year, with an average forest farmer group income of Rp. 1,147,000/year. Meanwhile, the Lanniti forest farmer group's income from Trigona sp madi bees is Rp. 19,241,000/year, with an average income of Rp. 1,1281,733/year with a difference in income of Rp. 2,036,000/year. Compared to the district minimum wage (UMK) of Maros district, which is around 2,135,000/month, the contribution of Trigona sp honey bees is around 5% per person per month or its contribution to income is still in the very small category.

ANALISIS PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT DARI BUDIDAYA MADU TRIGONA (TRIGONA SP.) DESA PEMEPEK KECAMATAN PRINGGARATA LOMBOK TENGAH

This research aims to analyzed the level of the average income of the people of pemepek village of pringgarat sub-district central lombok regency from trigonasip honey bee cultivation, and to also analyze the contribution of the level of income from Trigona sp honey bee cultivation towards the respondent income. The type of data used in this research is qualitative and quantitative, the source of data used is from primary data and secondary data. The data collection method used in this research is observation, interview, and questionnaire with the aim to explore data verbally.The result of this research showed the average net profit from Trigona sp honey bee business in pemepek village of pringgarat sub-district central lombok regency is Rp 10.092.459/ year from 3 (three) productions in 1 (one) year. The struggle faced by Trigona sp honey bee farmer in pemepek village is that it is rather difficult to find new honey bee colony. The Trigona sp honey bee side business contribution towards the respondent household income in pemapek village is huge, where the Trigona sp honey bee side business achieve 66%, which is the highest presentation compared to other non-farming business income. Pemepek village's Trigona sp honey in the interest of business worthiness is very worthy to develop due to achieving R/C > from 1 that in the amount of 22,6 R/C thus it could be presumed to be worthy to be ran in pemepek village of pringgarat sub-district central lombok regency.

Contribution of Trigona Honey Bee Business (Trigona sp) to Farmers' Income in Bengkaung Village, West Lombok Regency

The research was conducted in Bengkaung Village, Batu Layar District, West Lombok Regency with the aim of finding out farmers' income from Trigona Honey Bee (Trigona sp.) cultivation and plantation farming as well as analyzing the contribution of Trigona Honey Bee cultivation to the total of farmers' income. The research uses primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from interviews with farmers, while secondary data was obtained from related agencies. The number of respondents was 36 farmers. The data analysis took the form of income analysis, cost analysis and analysis of the percentage of contribution of the Trigona Honey Bee cultivation business to the total of farmers' income. The results show that the average annual income of farmers from the Trigona Honey Bee cultivation business is IDR. 15,162,075 while the average total income of farmers per year is IDR. 35,914,739 which means the contribution of the Trigona Honey Bee Cultivation is 42%. Meanwhile, the obstacles faced in cultivating Trigona Honey Bee are the shortages of bee's food during the rainy season, predator interference, lack of post-harvest knowledge which causes the queen of the bee to die during the harvesting process and the farmers' ignorance of good honey harvest times.

Capital Fulfillment Strategy For Trigona Honey Bee Smes In Balangan Sembung Village, Mengwi District, Badung Regency

Bali has started to develop honey bee cultivation of the stingless bee type. The type of honey bee that is widely cultivated by the people of Bali is the Trigona laevicep species known as "snake-kele" The cultivation of the honey bee kele-kele (Trigona Sp) is now being eyed by the public, because the results of this beekeeping are very promising, while in terms of investment costs it is not too big and this bee doesn't sting. Br Balangan, Sembung village, is one of the villages that has been cultivating honey bees, but they do not understand how efforts should be made to increase the number of bee colonies due to limited capital. Through the addition of bee colonies, it is hoped that the amount of production will increase and be profitable in the long term. In response to this, the University of Waradewa Community Service team provided assistance with the Strategy for fulfilling UKM Capital for the group of honeysuckle beekeepers at Br. Balangan, Sembung Village, Mengwi District, Badung Regency.. Honey is a commodity from non-timber forest products (HHBK) which has many benefits, and there is quite a high demand for consumer honey for catfish honey, but currently the production of honey is still low due to a lack of colonies/ nest of sorrel. Breeders need to add more colonies by buying plots of catfish that already have queens from Kalimantan. In order to increase the capital of the breeders, it is necessary to provide assistance in determining the Strategy for fulfilling the Capital for UKM Honey Bees Trigona Sp. in Br. Balangan. Through the fulfillment of capital, honey production can increase so that Br. Balangan becomes a village producing catfish honey.

Persepsi Masyarakat Kth Buttu Puang Untuk Pengembangan Budidaya Trigona Sp. Di Desa Mirring Kabupaten Polman

Persepsi Masyarakat Kth Buttu Puang Untuk Pengembangan Budidaya Trigona Sp. Di Desa Mirring Kabupaten Polman

Pemberdayaan Kelompok Tani Hutan AOK melalui Budidaya Lebah Trigona SP dengan Inovasi Pemanfaatan Limbah Non B3 berupa Pipa PMK dan Plat Tangki

Purpose: This research aims to find out how to make Trigona Sp beehives using non-B3 solid waste in the form of used PMK pipes and tank plates and to see the savings and handling of household waste handled by Trigona Sp beehives made from PMK pipes. Apart from that, through this research we can also see the contribution of the KTH Aok group in utilizing household waste in the form of used cooking oil in the Dul village area as a natural pesticide. Methodology: The method used in this research is a case study where direct observations are made of the innovations implemented at KTH Aok and will be explained using qualitative descriptive methods. This research will be carried out in the cultivation garden of the Community Empowerment Program run by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Pangkal Balam "Aok Bee Farm" in Dul Village, Pangkalan Baru Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. Result: non-B3 solid waste in the form of PMK pipes and tank plates can be used as stands for Trigona Sp beehives which are sturdier and more resistant to unpredictable weather. To make it, simply cut the used PMK pipe and tank plate according to the specified size, then weld the cut pipe and plate to join the two parts together until it is finished and can be used as a tool for Trigona Sp bee nests. Through this tool, we can handle Non-B3 waste as well as household waste in the form of used cooking oil which is placed in a container in this tool which is useful for pesticides for pests that attack bee colonies. Conclusion: By using this innovative Trigona Sp beehive holder, you can handle non-B3 solid waste in the form of used PMK pipes and tank plates by cutting and shaping them in such a way that it becomes a holder that can place Trigona Sp beehives.

Analisis Faktor Produksi Dalam Pengembangan Budi Daya Lebah Madu Klanceng (Trigona sp) Di Kampung Madu (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Banjaranyar Kabupaten Ciamis Provinsi Jawa Barat)

Trigona sp. Bees, also known as bumble bees, are stingless bees and do not depend on bee pollen for their nutritional needs. The resin contained in the plant is needed for the production of propolis in the hive, so that Trigona sp can be cultivated anywhere with other types of bees. The aim is to find out the production factors that support the reproductive development of the klanceng honey bee (Trigona sp), the factors that influence the production of the klanceng honey bee (Trigona sp), and the factors that affect the income of the klanceng honey bee. (Trigona sp) influenced the research conducted. Factors affecting oyster production (Trigona sp) (land area, number of insects, equipment and labor wages). From the research results it is known that the variables of land area, number of insects, fixed costs and variable costs affect bee production, and from the results of multiple linear regression analysis the following equation is obtained, besides that the number of hives, fixed costs and variable costs that affect beekeeper income is variable, while land area has no effect. The results of the analysis of multiple linear regression tests produce the following equation, With any measure of commercial profitability, beekeeping is very profitable for agriculture.

The Antioxidant Activity and Induction of Apoptotic Cell Death by Musa paradisiaca and Trigona sp. Honey Jelly in ORL115 and ORL188 Cells.

Head and neck cancer patients usually need nutritional support due to difficulties in swallowing and chewing. Therefore, this study aimed to formulate Musa paradisiaca and Trigona sp. honey jelly (MTJ) as a convenient functional food. The antioxidant properties were analysed using 2,2'-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) and 2,2'-azinodi 3-ethylbenthiazolinesulfonate (ABTS) assays. Cytotoxicity was assayed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test and the induction of apoptosis was observed via caspase-3/7 activity assay. The identification of phenolic compounds was done via ultra-high-performance-liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (UHPLC-MS/MS). The antioxidant analysis exhibited: the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of DPPH inhibition, 54.10 (SD = 4.51) μg/mL; the FRAP value, 30.07 (SD = 0.93) mM TEQ/100 g; and the ABTS value, 131.79 (SD = 8.73) mg TEQ/100 g. Cinnamic acid was the most abundant phenolic compound, followed by maleic acid and salicylic acid. The IC50 for ORL115 and ORL188 were 35.51 mg/mL and 43.54 mg/mL, respectively. The cells became rounded and dissymmetrical which reduced in number and size. The apoptotic cell death in ORL115 and ORL188 was deduced as caspase-3/7 activities that significantly increased (P < 0.05). The study evidenced that the antioxidant activity of MTJ could influence the induction of apoptosis in ORL115 and ORL188 in future investigations and verifications.

Effective Behavior of Insects Pollinators of Flowers in Gadung Mango Clone 21 Variety

Pollinating insects are referred as support services, namely services by the processes in the ecosystems that support human well-being by maintaining or enhancing ecosystem services. The availability of flowers, diversity, and behavior of visiting pollinator insects affect the effectiveness of pollination to increase the formation of fruit sets of mango plants. The purpose of this study is to observe the behavior of pollinator insects visiting the mango gadung clone 21 varieties and their effectiveness in increasing the formation of fruit sets. Research has been carried out on two flower seasons: March-May (Off season) and July-September (On season) 2020. Visiting behaviors observed were the number of visits per minute (foraging rate) and the length of visit per flower (flower handling time). Pollination effectiveness was measured from the number of fruit sets formed from the open flower panicles and confined with a tangerine gauze. The results of the study obtained seven species including Apis sp., Trigona sp., Xylocopa sp., Polistes sp. 1, Polistes sp. 2, Chrysomya sp., and Eristalis sp. Visits of pollinating insects on the highest number of mango panicle flowers were (31.69 ± 7.69) flowers / 60 seconds by Trigona sp insects, and the lowest numbers were (2.70 ± 0.67) flowers / 60 seconds by Eristalis sp. insects. The longest visits of pollinator insects on mango flowers were obtained by Eristalis sp for (25.3 ± 8.50) sec/individual/flower and the shortest visits were by Trigona sp for (1.8 ± 0.63) seconds/individual/flower. Insect pollination increases fruit formation by 267.5%. Keywords: insect visits, pollinating insects, fruit formation, gadung 21 varieties mango

Effects of Apis Mellifera, Apis Cerana, and Trigona SP on 20 M Sprint Performance

This study aimed to determine the effect of three types of honey from three different honey bee species on increasing stamina and anti-fatigue effect by examining their effects on the biochemical process in the anaerobic pathway. Tests were carried out on humans who had met the specified criteria. The method used in this study was an experimental method involving 30 healthy students. The inclusion requirements consisted of males aged 18-20 years, weight 50-70 kilograms, height 160-170 cm, normal momentary blood sugar levels 140 mg/dL, VO2max 35-40 ml/kg/min, normal blood pressure, and not having severe diseases such as diabetes, asthma, kidney failure, hepatitis, as well as other serious diseases that hinder physical activity. Volunteers had also filled out informed consent stating their willingness to participate in the research to completion. The results of this study showed that there was a change between pre and post in each groups, indicating that each honey content had a significant impact on improving the participant performance. In addition, this study found changes in the three types of honey (Apis Mellifera, Apis Cerana, Trigona SP) in the participant running performance improvement. However, there was no significant difference between the three types of honey.