Triggering Process Research Articles

A rigid-flexible coupling pretravel error model for a touch-trigger probe in an on-machine inspection system

Touch-trigger probes are widely used in on-machine inspection (OMI) systems, which have become increasingly important in an interprocess inspection. The pretravel errors are often compensated by data-driven calibration. However, its accuracy is significantly affected by its internal mechanical structure and trigger mechanism. In this paper, we propose a rigid-flexible coupling pretravel error model, considering the bending of the stylus and the lifting of the stylus carrier in the triggering process. This paper presents a method to identify the acceleration of machine tool by fitting the measured results at different speeds into quadratic curves and establishes the response error model. The trigger force of 73 direction probes is identified by a three-directional force sensor. The trigger force identified by the experiment is analyzed in the rigid-flexible simulation model, and the trigger resistance threshold of the probe is obtained. The simulation model of trigger error is established. Through the response error model and trigger error simulation model proposed in this paper, the probe pretravel error compensation accuracy can be improved by 39.6%.

Photodynamic-Chemodynamic Cascade Reactions for Efficient Drug Delivery and Enhanced Combination Therapy.

Nanomedicines with photodynamic therapy and reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐triggered drug release capabilities are promising for cancer therapy. However, most of the nanomedicines based on ROS‐responsive nanocarriers still suffer from serious ROS consumption during the triggered drug release process. Herein, a photodynamic‐chemodynamic cascade strategy for the design of drug delivery nanosystem is proposed. A doxorubicin hydrochloride‐loaded ROS‐responsive polymersome (DOX‐RPS) is prepared via the self‐assembly of amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol)‐poly(linoleic acid) and poly(ethylene glycol)‐(2‐(1‐hexyloxyethyl)‐2‐devinyl pyropheophorbide‐α)‐iron chelate (PEG‐HPPH‐Fe). The RPS can effectively deliver a drug to tumor site through passive targeting effect. Upon laser irradiation, the photosensitizer HPPH can efficiently generate ROS, which further causes in situ oxidation of linoleic acid chain and subsequent RPS structural destruction, permitting triggered drug release. Intriguingly, catalyzed by HPPH‐Fe, ROS will be regenerated from linoleic acid peroxide through a chemodynamic process. Therefore, ROS‐triggered drug release can be achieved without ROS over‐consumption. The in vitro and in vivo results confirmed ROS generation, triggered drug release behavior, and potent antitumor effect of the DOX‐RPS. This photodynamic‐chemodynamic cascade strategy provides a promising approach for enhanced combination therapy.

Influence of Trigger Injection on Performances of a Single-Gap Pseudospark Switch

Trigger injection and its influence on performances of a single-gap pseudospark switch were studied by using a high-dielectric trigger unit and two types of pulse generators, where pulse parameters, polarity effect, anode voltage, and electrode geometries were varied. It is found that pulses with the rising edge of nanosecond scale can cause diffused electron emission in a large region of the trigger unit, while the slower pulses result in a localized surface flashover. The trigger injection is strongly polarity-dependent, and the way of applying the negative pulse voltage to the outer electrode is more favorable. Not all injected electrons can contribute to the triggering process, and the only factors that can lead to higher charge quantity and energetic components of electrons with a short injection delay are helpful to reduce the trigger delay. A model considering the potential penetration is presented to explain the influence of trigger injection, anode voltage, and electrode geometries. When trigger injection is strong enough or the ratio of cathode hole diameter to its thickness is relatively large, the trigger delay remains constant at different anode voltage; otherwise, it decreases as the anode voltage increases.

Modeling Radioimmune Response—Current Status and Perspectives

The combination of immune therapy with radiation offers an exciting and promising treatment modality in cancer therapy. It has been hypothesized that radiation induces damage signals within the tumor, making it more detectable for the immune system. In combination with inhibiting immune checkpoints an effective anti-tumor immune response may be established. This inversion from tumor immune evasion raises numerous questions to be solved to support an effective clinical implementation: These include the optimum immune drug and radiation dose time courses, the amount of damage and associated doses required to stimulate an immune response, and the impact of lymphocyte status and dynamics. Biophysical modeling can offer unique insights, providing quantitative information addressing these factors and highlighting mechanisms of action. In this work we review the existing modeling approaches of combined ‘radioimmune’ response, as well as associated fields of study. We propose modeling attempts that appear relevant for an effective and predictive model. We emphasize the importance of the time course of drug and dose delivery in view to the time course of the triggered biological processes. Special attention is also paid to the dose distribution to circulating blood lymphocytes and the effect this has on immune competence.

Production and tests of the ADDC for the Micromegas detector of the ATLAS New Small Wheel

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will perform a series of upgrades to allow luminosity increases during the next physics runs expected from 2022 on. These will also significantly increase the trigger rates of all the detectors. As part of the ATLAS Phase-I upgrade, the current Small Wheel muon detectors will be replaced with state-of-the-art New Small Wheel (NSW) detectors to cope with the increased luminosity of the LHC. The Address in Real Time Data Driver Card (ADDC) is designed to transmit the trigger data from the resistive Micro-Mesh Gaseous Structure (Micromegas) detectors of the NSW. The ART ASIC on the ADDC is a custom-designed chip to receive the Address in Real Time (ART) signals from the VMM front-end ASIC and perform hit-selection processing. The processed trigger data is then sent to the Trigger Processor (TP) through optical links. A total of 512 ADDCs will be installed on the detector close to the front-end boards. Therefore, those cards must be able to work properly in a high radiation and magnetic field environment. After four rounds of prototyping, the ADDC production was launched in January of 2019. 600 ADDC boards have been produced and tested with an automated test stand. This test setup can simulate the front-end signals and provide "Level-1 Data Driver Card" (L1DDC) functions as well as part of the TP functions. Thus, the ADDC functionality and stability can be verified without the remaining NSW electronics. This paper describes the ADDC hardware prototype development, radiation and integration testing, and the ADDC automated production test procedure.

3D dynamics of the Orion cloud complex

We present the first study of the three-dimensional (3D) dynamics of the gas in the entire southern Orion cloud complex. We used the parallaxes and proper motions of young stellar objects (YSOs) from Gaia DR2 as a proxy for gas distance and proper motion, and the gas radial velocities from archival CO data, to compute the space motions of the different star-forming clouds in the complex, including subregions in Orion A, Orion B, and two outlying cometary clouds. From the analysis of the clouds’ orbits in space and time, we find that they were closest about 6 Myr ago and are moving radially away from roughly the same region in space. This coherent 100-pc scale radial motion supports a scenario where the entire complex is reacting to a major feedback event, which we name the Orion-BB (big blast) event. This event, which we tentatively associate with the recently discovered Orion X stellar population, shaped the distribution and kinematics of the gas we observe today, although it is unlikely to have been the sole major feedback event in the region. We argue that the dynamics of most of the YSOs carry the memory of the feedback-driven star formation history in Orion and that the majority of the young stars in this complex are a product of large-scale triggering, which can raise the star formation rate by at least an order of magnitude, as for the head of Orion A (the Integral Shape Filament). Our results imply that a feedback, compression, and triggering process lies at the genesis of the Orion Nebula Cluster and NGC 2023/2024 in Orion B, thus confirming broadly the classical feedback-driven scenario proposed in Elmegreen & Lada (1977, ApJ, 214, 725). The space motions of the well-known young compact clusters, σ Orionis and NGC 1977, are consistent with this scenario. A momentum estimate suggests that the energy of a few to several supernovae is needed to power the coherent 3D gas motion we measure in this paper.

Reliability evaluation of non-repairable systems with failure mechanism trigger effect

Trigger effect indicates that some events occur because of the trigger of other events. This kind of effect often appears in the operation of products and leads to failure. Due to the randomness of trigger events, it is difficult to predict the reliability of a product that embraces triggering processes. In this paper, we develop a new reliability model for non-repairable systems with the trigger effect. The effect is divided into two types: degradation-degradation trigger effect and degradation-overstress trigger effect. To model this effect, the degradation process is described by the continuous or discrete stochastic process, while the overstress process is described by the homogeneous Poisson process. Furthermore, a method integrating Petri Net and Monte Carlo is proposed to evaluate the complex system reliability. To demonstrate the proposed model, a conductive slip ring in an electromechanical orientation device is introduced as a case, where the trigger effect of one trigger mechanism and three dependent basic mechanisms are considered. It is shown that the trigger time model and system modeling method can describe the trigger failure behaviors and evaluate the reliability of complex systems with the trigger effect.

Differential Analysis of T-Cell Activation by a Library of Membrane-Tethered, Monovalent, Fab’-Based Synthetic T-Cell Receptor Agonists

T cells mediate adaptive immunity by identifying pathogenic peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) molecules presented on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs). The T cell-APC junction, where T-cell receptors (TCRs) bind pMHC, is necessary for productive TCR triggering; T cells activate in response to single-molecule densities of membrane-bound agonist pMHC, but they do not respond to pMHC in solution. Crosslinked pMHC or multivalent antibodies can be used to activate T cells from solution, but these widely used strategies produce different activation profiles than natural, monovalent, membrane-associated pMHC. Here, we introduce a library of strictly monovalent Fab’ fragments that bind three distinct epitopes on the TCR complex and activate T cells when coupled to a supported lipid bilayer via DNA complementation. Like pMHC, these synthetic Fab’-based ligands are inactive from solution. I will discuss the differential activation profiles of T cells in response to the library of ligands and the insights these data provide about the physiochemical and mechanical requirements for productive TCR triggering. The intrinsically modular nature of the hybrid Fab’-DNA ligands facilitates control of numerous physical aspects of the TCR triggering process to explore T-cell activation by synthetic ligands. Notably, the Fab's used can activate polyclonal populations of T cells, and so they can be used in studies for which T-cell activation by pMHC is not possible. These studies additionally have potential to inform the design of cancer immunotherapies such as bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs), which are structurally similar to the synthetic Fab’ ligands.

Coulomb stress and gravity changes associated with the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikoura Earthquake, New Zealand: Application for aftershock triggering and fault interaction process analysis

The Kaikoura earthquake on November 14, 2016 is one of the largest and most complex earthquakes in New Zealand since 1947. Despite the fact that it has ruptured about 12 separate faults, triggered 2132 aftershocks within one week of the mainshock and induced considerable stress changes, few studies have been conducted to comprensively investigate the characteristics. The current study examines the horizontal and vertical displacements as well as the stress and gravity changes, aftershock distributions and also find out whether these changes affect the surrounding regions along the complex fault systems. The study covers the entire area affected by the Kaikoura event, which includes the northern part of the South Island and the southern part of the North Island. The dislocation theory was employed to evaluate the coseismic slip model on the multiple faults. The displacement results revealed that the maximum horizontal displacement is about 6 m and the vertical about 2 m, which are reasonably consistent with earlier study findings. Besides, the stress and gravity changes are quite complicated and inhomogeneous as evidenced by our coseismic model, demonstrating the complexity of the Kaikoura earthquake as well. Almost all the aftershocks are distributed in places where the stress and gravity change are found to be significant. In order to investigate the stability of our stress change models, we applied different friction coefficients and receiver fault parameters. The results justify the friction coefficient (μ=0.4) and the receiver fault parameters (230°, 70°, 150°) are suitable to define good stress change estimates. According to the stress change results at 15 km depth, the northern parts of the mainshock region, Hundalee fault, Humps fault and Jordan thrust areas together with the Wellington area are closer to failure and situated in a seismic risk zone. The multidimensional analysis adopted in this paper is helpful for making decisions and applications of stress and gravity change models in assessing seismic hazards.

Evolutionary stages and triggering process of a complex eruptive flare with circular and parallel ribbons

ABSTRACT We report multiwavelength study of a complex M-class solar eruptive flare that consists of three different sets of flare ribbons, viz. circular, parallel, and remote ribbons. Magnetic field modelling of source active region NOAA 12242 exhibits the presence of 3D null-point magnetic topology that encompasses an inner bipolar region. The event initiates with the faint signatures of the circular ribbon along with remote brightening right from the pre-flare phase that points toward the ongoing slow yet persistent null-point reconnection. We first detected flux cancellation and an associated brightening, which are likely signatures of tether-cutting reconnection that builds the flux rope near the polarity inversion line (PIL) of the inner bipolar region. In the next stage, with the onset of M8.7 flare, there is a substantial enhancement in the brightening of circular ribbon, which essentially suggests an increase in the rate of ongoing null-point reconnection. Finally, the eruption of underlying flux rope triggers ‘standard flare reconnection’ beneath it producing an abrupt rise in the intensity of the parallel ribbons as well as enhancing the rate of null-point reconnection by external forcing. We show that within the the fan dome, the region with magnetic decay index n > 1.5 borders the null-point QSL. Our analysis suggests that both the torus instability and the breakout model have played role toward the triggering mechanism for the eruptive flare. This event is a nice example of the dynamical evolution of a flux rope initially confined in a null-point topology that subsequently activates and erupts with the progression of the circular-cum-parallel ribbon flare.

Initiation mechanism of mudflow-like loess landslide induced by the combined effect of earthquakes and rainfall

The events of landslides induced by the combined effect of earthquakes and rainfall are more dangerous than those induced by earthquake or rainfall. The Yongguang loess landslide induced by the Minxian–Zhangxian Ms 6.6 earthquake in 2013 is a typical example of a landslide induced by the combined effect of an earthquake and rainfall. A few scholars have carried out relevant research on this landslide, but the initiation mechanism of this kind of landslide has not been elucidated. Therefore, the initiation mechanism of loess landslide under the combined effect of earthquakes and rainfall is studied through indoor geotechnical tests, shaking table slope model tests and numerical simulations. The indoor geotechnical tests show that the mechanical properties of Q3 loess would change significantly (the mechanical strength would decrease sharply) when soaked in water and that its strength would be further lowered under dynamic action. The slope model test results show that the infiltration depth at the slope top is deeper than that of the slope surface after continuous heavy artificial rainfall and that the natural frequency of the shoulder of the front edge of the slope top is closer to the frequency of the loading wave than it is in other parts of the slope; so the amplification effect of the seismic ground motion at the shoulder of the front edge of the slope top is more significant and the soil damage is more serious under seismic dynamic action. With the rapid increase in the residual deformation and pore water pressure of the soil mass, the loess properties change substantially, that is, loess liquefaction occurs when the pore water pressure and residual deformation reach a certain threshold. Under the action of the subsequent seismic ground motion, the liquefied loess mass of the front edge of the slope top rushes out along the sliding bed and slides down the slope surface in the form of a loess mudflow; that is, a mudflow-like loess landslide is induced. A simplified mechanical model is used in the numerical simulation test and can reproduce the triggering process of this kind of loess landslide. In this research, the initiation mechanism of mudflow-like loess landslide induced by the combined effect of earthquakes and rainfall is revealed by comprehensively considering a variety of test results, and a sliding distance calculation formula is proposed, providing a foundation for the prevention and control of this kind of landslide disaster.

Integration and Commissioning of the Software-based Readout System for ATLAS Level-1 Endcap Muon Trigger in Run 3

The Large Hadron Collider and the ATLAS experiment at CERN will explore new frontiers in physics in Run 3 starting in 2022. In the Run 3 ATLAS Level-1 endcap muon trigger, new detectors called New Small Wheel and additional Resistive Plate Chambers will be installed to improve momentum resolution and to enhance the rejection of fake muons. The Level-1 endcap muon trigger algorithm will be processed by new trigger processor boards with modern FPGAs and high-speed optical serial links. For validation and performance evaluation, the inputs and outputs of their trigger logic will be read out using a newly developed software-based readout system. We have successfully integrated this readout system in the ATLAS online software framework, enabling commissioning in the actual Run 3 environment. Stable trigger readout has been realized for input rates up to 100 kHz with a developed event-building application. We have verified that its performance is sufficient for Run 3 operation in terms of event data size and trigger rate. The paper will present the details of the integration and commissioning of the software-based readout system for ATLAS Level-1 endcap muon trigger in Run 3.

ALICE Central Trigger System for LHC Run 3

A major upgrade of the ALICE experiment is in progress and will result in high-rate data taking during LHC Run 3 (2022-2024). The LHC interaction rate at Point 2 where the ALICE experiment is located will be increased to 50 kHz in Pb–Pb collisions and 1 MHz in pp collisions. The ALICE experiment will be able to read out data at these interaction rates leading to an increase of the collected luminosity by a factor of up to about 100 with respect to LHC Runs 1 and 2. To satisfy these requirements, a new readout system has been developed for most of the ALICE detectors, allowing the full readout of the data at the required interaction rates without the need for a hardware trigger selection. A novel trigger and timing distribution system will be implemented, based on Passive Optical Network (PON) and GigaBit Transceiver (GBT) technology. To assure backward compatibility a triggered mode based on RD12 Trigger- Timing-Control (TTC) technology, as used in the previous LHC runs, will be maintained and re-implemented under the new Central Trigger System (CTS). A new universal ALICE Trigger Board (ATB) based on the Xilinx Kintex Ultrascale FPGA has been designed to function as a Central Trigger Processor (CTP), Local Trigger Unit (LTU), and monitoring interfaces. In this paper, this new hybrid multilevel system with continuous readout will be described, together with the triggering mechanism and algorithms. An overview of the CTS, the design of the ATB and the different communication protocols will be presented.

Electrochemically triggered sensing and recovery of mercury over sodium alginate grafted polyaniline

An efficient potential triggering process has been established over chemically functionalized SA-g-PANI under optimum conditions to enable the sensing and extraction of residual mercury ions present in wastewater and soil samples.

Global models for short-term earthquake forecasting and predictive skill assessment

We present rigorous tests of global short-term earthquake forecasts using Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence models with two different time kernels (one with exponentially tapered Omori kernel (ETOK) and another with linear magnitude dependent Omori kernel (MDOK)). The tests are conducted with three different magnitude cutoffs for the auxiliary catalog (M3, M4 or M5) and two different magnitude cutoffs for the primary catalog (M5 or M6), in 30 day long pseudo prospective experiments designed to forecast worldwide M ≥ 5 and M ≥ 6 earthquakes during the period from January 1981 to October 2019. MDOK ETAS models perform significantly better relative to ETOK ETAS models. The superiority of MDOK ETAS models adds further support to the multifractal stress activation model proposed by Ouillon and Sornette [J. Geophys. Res.: Solid Earth 110, B04306 (2005)]. We find a significant improvement of forecasting skills by lowering the auxiliary catalog magnitude cutoff from 5 to 4. We unearth evidence for a self-similarity of the triggering process as models trained on lower magnitude events have the same forecasting skills as models trained on higher magnitude earthquakes. Expressing our forecasts in terms of the full distribution of earthquake rates at different spatial resolutions, we present tests for the consistency of our model, which is often found satisfactory but also points to a number of potential improvements, such as incorporating anisotropic spatial kernels, and accounting for spatial and depth dependant variations of the ETAS parameters. The model has been implemented as a reference model on the global earthquake prediction platform RichterX, facilitating predictive skill assessment and allowing anyone to review its prospective performance.

Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease: An Immunologic Perspective

Background: Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHscT) is an immune triggered process, leading to profound immune dysregulation and organ dysfunction. Three phases summarize the development of the immunopathophysiology of acute GVHD: an afferent phase, an efferent phase and an effector phase. A panel of plasma biomarkers including IL-2-receptor-a, TNF receptor-1, IL-8, and hepatocyte growth factor has been suggested as a confirmatory tool for the diagnosis of acute GVHD at the onset of clinical symptoms and to provide prognostic information independent of GVHD severity. Initial therapy for acute GVHD ranges from a simple observation or a trial of topical corticosteroids for skin GVHD of stage Ι or ΙΙ, to systemic treatment in patients with grade ΙΙ-ΙV acute GVHD. Objectives: The aim of this work is to summarize the most recent available data concerning acute graft versus host disease from biology, immunopathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy. Material and Methods: We searched the PubMed and Google scholar databases for relevant studies acute graft-versus-host disease an immunologic perspective. Conclusion: Acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) remains the second leading cause of death following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT). Over the last five years, the progress in understanding the pathophysiology of this immune based-process helped redefine graft versus host reaction and opened new possibilities for novel preventive and therapeutic approaches.

Characteristics of Frequent Dynamic Triggering of Microearthquakes in Southern California

AbstractDynamic triggering of earthquakes has been reported at various fault systems. The triggered earthquakes are thought to be caused either directly by dynamic stress changes due to the passing seismic waves, or indirectly by other nonlinear processes that are initiated by the passing waves. Distinguishing these physical mechanisms is difficult because of the general lack of high‐resolution earthquake catalogs and robust means to quantitatively evaluate triggering responses, particularly, delayed responses. Here we use the high‐resolution Quake Template Matching catalog in Southern California to systematically evaluate teleseismic dynamic triggering patterns in the San Jacinto Fault Zone and the Salton Sea Geothermal Field from 2008 to 2017. We develop a new statistical approach to identify triggered cases, finding that approximately 1 out of every 5 globalMw ≥ 6 earthquakes dynamically trigger microearthquakes in Southern California. The triggering responses include both instantaneous and delayed triggering, showing a highly heterogeneous pattern and indicating possible evolving triggering thresholds. We do not observe a clear peak ground velocity triggering threshold that can differentiate triggering earthquakes from nontriggering events, but there are subtle differences in the frequency content of the ground motion that may differentiate the earthquakes. In contrast to the depth distribution of background seismicity, the identified triggered earthquakes tend to concentrate at the edges of the seismogenic zones. Although instantaneously triggered earthquakes are likely a result of dynamic Coulomb stress changes, the cases of delayed‐dynamic triggering are best explained by nonlinear triggering processes, including cyclic material fatigue, accelerated transient creep, and stochastic frictional heterogeneities.

Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease: An Immunologic Perspective

Background: Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHscT) is an immune triggered process, leading to profound immune dysregulation and organ dysfunction. Three phases summarize the development of the immunopathophysiology of acute GVHD: an afferent phase, an efferent phase and an effector phase. A panel of plasma biomarkers including IL-2-receptor-a, TNF receptor-1, IL-8, and hepatocyte growth factor has been suggested as a confirmatory tool for the diagnosis of acute GVHD at the onset of clinical symptoms and to provide prognostic information independent of GVHD severity. Initial therapy for acute GVHD ranges from a simple observation or a trial of topical corticosteroids for skin GVHD of stage Ι or ΙΙ, to systemic treatment in patients with grade ΙΙ-ΙV acute GVHD. Objectives: The aim of this work is to summarize the most recent available data concerning acute graft versus host disease from biology, immunopathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy. Material and Methods: We searched the PubMed and Google scholar databases for relevant studies acute graft-versus-host disease an immunologic perspective. Conclusion: Acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) remains the second leading cause of death following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT). Over the last five years, the progress in understanding the pathophysiology of this immune based-process helped redefine graft versus host reaction and opened new possibilities for novel preventive and therapeutic approaches.

Si-coumarin-based fluorescent probes for ultrafast monitoring H2S in vivo

Fluorescent probes with high sensitivity, selectivity, and fast response are urgently required for fluorescent imaging. The introduction of silicon atom into coumarin skeleton have resolved abrupt and instant increment in fluorescent quantum yield (from 0.002 into 0.93) when the 3-azide was reduced to 3-amine. The hydrogen sulfide triggered reduction process has ultrafast kinetic and reached equilibrium within 25 s. A group of silicon substituted coumarins SiC-Azs were designed for sensitively monitoring cellular hydrogen sulfide in vivo. The probe SiC-Az2 can be highly selective and sensitive to monitor endogenous and exogenous hydrogen sulfide in Hela cells and zebrafish.

Implementation of the DAQ software in the ALTI Module of the ATLAS TileCal

The Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) is the central hadronic calorimeter (|η| < 1.7) of the ATLAS experiment, made out of iron plates and plastic scintillators. The TileCal is divided into three barrels along the beam axis, each of which is azimuthally segmented into 64 wedge-shaped modules, staggered in the 0 direction. TileCal online software is a set of Trigger and Data Acquisition (TDAQ) software, and its main purpose is to readout, transport and store physics data originating from collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The ATLAS Local Trigger Interface (ALTI) module is a new electronic board, designed for the ATLAS experiment at CERN, a part of the Timing, Trigger and Control (TTC) system. It is a 6U VME module which integrates the functionalities of four legacy modules, currently used in the experiment: Local Trigger Processor, Local Trigger Processor interface, TTC VME bus interface and the TTC emitter. ALTI module will provide the interface between the Level-1 Central Trigger Processor and the TTC optical broadcasting network to the Front-End (FE) electronics of each of the ATLAS sub-detectors. There is a need to develop and integrate the ALTI software in the Tile online software. Performance tests and maintenance of the ALTI module software will be carried out during the Long Shutdown 2 period (LS2), in preparation for Run 3 data-taking period.