Identification Of Triggers Research Articles

Should Adenosine Test be Performed Systematically at the End of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Procedure?

Pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection is a major limitation of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation and is a significant contributor for arrhythmia recurrence, particularly in patients with paroxysmal AF. Recent technological advances, including the use of steerable sheaths and force sensing catheters resulted in reduced incidence of PV reconnection; however its incidence remains unacceptably high. Additional efforts to reduce pulmonary vein reconnection include the use adenosine to detect dormant PV to left atrial (LA) electrical conduction as well as identification of non-PV triggers. While this strategy is associated with an increased detection rate of reconnection that can be further targeted with ablation, its effect on long-term arrhythmia control is controversial. Still, adenosine-induced PV reconnection appears to be an independent predictor of arrhythmia recurrence despite additional ablation. We favor its use in patients with paroxysmal AF as an additional step for risk stratification and prediction of arrhythmia recurrence.

Abstract PR07: RNAi mouse models: Revolutionizing drug discovery in vivo

Abstract RNA interference is a powerful tool for studying gene function, however, the reproducible generation of RNAi tools including RNAi transgenic mice remains a significant limitation. One main hurdle is the identification of potent RNAi triggers, or short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), that will induce stable and regulated gene silencing. Due to the lack of understanding of the requirements for shRNA biogenesis and target suppression, many predicted shRNAs fail to efficiently induce gene suppression. We have developed a “Sensor assay” that enables the biological identification of effective shRNAs at large scale and show that our assay reliably identifies potent shRNAs that are surprisingly rare and predominantly missed by existing algorithms. In addition, we have engineered a new miRNA scaffold, miR-E, that is more efficiently processed and thus produces more potent knockdown of target genes than our previous miR30 system. By combining our sensored miR-E based shRNAs with high efficiency ES cell targeting, we have developed a fast, scalable pipeline for the production of shRNA transgenic mice with reversible gene silencing. We show that RNAi can cause sufficient knockdown to recapitulate the phenotypes of knockout mice, particularly in cancer models. More importantly, unlike traditional knockout models, RNAi has the powerful advantage of reversibility, since the endogenous gene remains intact. Using this system, we generated a number of inducible RNAi transgenic lines and demonstrate how this approach can identify predicted phenotypes and also unknown functions for well-studied genes. In addition, through regulated gene silencing we are able to mimic drug therapy in mice without the actual drug molecule, allowing us to determine the therapeutic value and/or toxic effects associated with systemic gene suppression. Using this approach, we have been able to pinpoint potential toxicities associated with gene inhibition, results that will guide drug development to avoid target failures which will likely cause harmful and intolerable effects in patients. In a model of hepatocellular carcinoma, we demonstrate that short-term inhibition of a ribosomal protein is sufficient to induce stable cell cycle arrest of liver tumor cells. This system provides a cost-effective and scalable platform for the production of RNAi transgenic mice targeting any mammalian gene – mice with enormous predictive power that will shape our development of better tolerated therapies. This abstract is also presented as Poster B30. Citation Format: Prem Premsrirut, Lukas Dow, Gregory Hannon, Johannes Zuber, Scott Lowe, Lars Zender, Christof Fellmann. RNAi mouse models: Revolutionizing drug discovery in vivo. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: The Translational Impact of Model Organisms in Cancer; Nov 5-8, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2014;12(11 Suppl):Abstract nr PR07.

PO-1023 Over-prescription Of Adrenaline Auto-injectors In School Age Children?

Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening condition. Referral to specialist allergy services is vital to allow identification of triggers involved. One of the key purposes of these clinics is prescription of rescue medication, which can include adrenaline auto-injectors. Aim We reviewed all patients who attended the Paediatric Allergy Clinic and were supplied with an adrenaline auto-injector over the period of January 2008–December 2013. We aimed to compare this number with the number of children with anaphylaxis care-plans in schools within the Northern Health and Social care trust. Method We reviewed all submissions to the Adrenaline Auto-injector log-book. This is held at the Paediatric Allergy Clinic and completed each time a patient is seen who has been prescribed an adrenaline auto-injector. Information was obtained from the Public Health nursing team to ascertain the number of children with an anaphylaxis care-plan for school. Results In 2013 there were 49,286 children aged between 5–16 years within the NHSCT; 580 children were identified with an anaphylaxis care-plan held in school. Prevalence of school aged children at risk of anaphylaxis was 1.2%. Only 160 children (from birth to 18 years), with adrenaline auto-injector devices were reviewed at the allergy clinic in 2013, with 157 reviewed in 2012. Between January 2008 and December 2013 there was six fold increase in patients seen at the Paediatric Allergy Clinic. We reviewed a total of 476 submissions to the Adrenaline Auto-injector logbook; 339 new patients and 137 review patients. There were no specific trends identified with regard to gender but there was a majority of patients under 5 yrs. There was a predominance of nut allergy in the new and review patients. Of the 68 new patients identified with an egg allergy 18% had a sole egg allergy, all of who had been prescribed an adrenaline auto-injector. Conclusion There is a major shortfall with regard to the total number of children within the Northern HSCT who have been prescribed an adrenaline auto-injector and those who are seen at the Paediatric Allergy Clinic. This study has focused future efforts to review each of these patients in a formal paediatric allergy setting.

Abstract 2974: RNAi mouse models: Revolutionizing drug discovery in vivo

Abstract RNA interference is a powerful tool for studying gene function, however, the reproducible generation of RNAi tools including RNAi transgenic mice remains a significant limitation. One main hurdle is the identification of potent RNAi triggers, or short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), that will induce stable and regulated gene silencing. Due to the lack of understanding of the requirements for shRNA biogenesis and target suppression, many predicted shRNAs fail to efficiently induce gene suppression. We have developed a “Sensor assay” that enables the biological identification of effective shRNAs at large scale and show that our assay reliably identifies potent shRNAs that are surprisingly rare and predominantly missed by existing algorithms. In addition, we have engineered a new miRNA scaffold, miR-E, that is more efficiently processed and thus produces more potent knockdown of target genes than our previous miR30 system. By combining our sensored miR-E based shRNAs with high efficiency ES cell targeting, we have developed a fast, scalable pipeline for the production of shRNA transgenic mice with reversible gene silencing. We show that RNAi can cause sufficient knockdown to recapitulate the phenotypes of knockout mice, particularly in cancer models. More importantly, unlike traditional knockout models, RNAi has the powerful advantage of reversibility, since the endogenous gene remains intact. Using this system, we generated a number of inducible RNAi transgenic lines and demonstrate how this approach can identify predicted phenotypes and also unknown functions for well-studied genes. In addition, through regulated gene silencing we are able to mimic drug therapy in mice without the actual drug molecule, allowing us to determine the therapeutic value and/or toxic effects associated with systemic gene suppression. Using this approach, we have been able to pinpoint potential toxicities associated with gene inhibition, results that will guide drug development to avoid target failures which will likely cause harmful and intolerable effects in patients. In a model of hepatocellular carcinoma, we demonstrate that short-term inhibition of a ribosomal protein is sufficient to induce stable cell cycle arrest of liver tumor cells. This system provides a cost-effective and scalable platform for the production of RNAi transgenic mice targeting any mammalian gene - mice with enormous predictive power that will shape our development of better tolerated therapies. Citation Format: Prem K. Premsrirut, BoYoung Yoon, Marina Pesic, Lukas E. Dow, Johannes Zuber, Scott W. Lowe, Gregory J. Hannon, Lars Zender, Christof Fellmann. RNAi mouse models: Revolutionizing drug discovery in vivo. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2974. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2974

Ribosomally encoded antibacterial proteins and peptides from Pseudomonas.

Members of the Pseudomonas genus produce diverse secondary metabolites affecting other bacteria, fungi or predating nematodes and protozoa but are also equipped with the capacity to secrete different types of ribosomally encoded toxic peptides and proteins, ranging from small microcins to large tailocins. Studies with the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa have revealed that effector proteins of type VI secretion systems are part of the antibacterial armamentarium deployed by pseudomonads. A novel class of antibacterial proteins with structural similarity to plant lectins was discovered by studying antagonism among plant-associated Pseudomonas strains. A genomic perspective on pseudomonad bacteriocinogeny shows that the modular architecture of S pyocins of P. aeruginosa is retained in a large diversified group of bacteriocins, most of which target DNA or RNA. Similar modularity is present in as yet poorly characterized Rhs (recombination hot spot) proteins and CDI (contact-dependent inhibition) proteins. Well-delimited domains for receptor recognition or cytotoxicity enable the design of chimeric toxins with novel functionalities, which has been applied successfully for S and R pyocins. Little is known regarding how these antibacterials are released and ultimately reach their targets. Other remaining issues concern the identification of environmental triggers activating these systems and assessment of their ecological impact in niches populated by pseudomonads.

Spotlight on the April 22 Issue

Trigger identification is a mainstay of migraine management. Seventeen patients with migraine kept 3-month electronic diaries. Reduction in stress over 2 days was associated with a nearly 5-fold increased risk of migraine onset within 6 hours, supporting the “let-down phenomenon” that may help identify periods of increased vulnerability and encourage stress management. See p. 1395 From editorialist Peter J. Goadsby: “What do we tell our patients and what can we do in practice? I have said for many years to patients: be boring—a little grief regularly and no excesses. It is silly advice since it would make life less …

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Decrease in Body Weight of a Transgenic Knock-in Mouse Model for TDP-43

The majority of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases as well as many patients suffering from frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTLD) with ubiquitinated inclusion bodies show TDP-43 pathology, the protein encoded by the TAR DNA-binding protein (Tardbp) gene. We used recombinase-mediated cassette exchange to introduce an ALS patient cDNA into the mouse Tdp-43 locus. Expression levels of human A315T TDP-43 protein were 300% elevated in heterozygotes, whereas the endogenous mouse Tdp-43 was decreased to 20% of wild type levels as a result of disturbed feedback regulation. Heterozygous TDP-43(A315TKi) mutants lost 10% of their body weight and developed insoluble TDP-43 protein starting as early as 3 months after birth, a pathology that was exacerbated with age. We analyzed the splicing patterns of known Tdp-43 target genes as well as genome-wide gene expression levels in different tissues that indicated mitochondrial dysfunction. In heterozygous mutant animals, we observed a relative decrease in expression of Parkin (Park2) and the fatty acid transporter CD36 along with an increase in fatty acids, HDL cholesterol, and glucose in the blood. As seen in transmission electron microscopy, neuronal cells in motor cortices of TDP-43(A315TKi) animals had abnormal neuronal mitochondrial cristae formation. Motor neurons were reduced to 90%, but only slight motoric impairment was detected. The observed phenotype was interpreted as a predisease model, which might be valuable for the identification of further environmental or genetic triggers of neurodegeneration.

The role of the inflammasome in cardiovascular diseases

Inflammasome is a very important signaling platform sensing a variety of triggers of the innate immune system. Inflammasome promotes the production of important pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18. Tight control of inflammasome activity is, therefore, essential and occurs at multiple levels. The activation of inflammasome pathways is linked to the pathogenesis of various prevalent disorders including cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis, ischemic injury, cardiomyopathy, and Kawasaki disease. The study of the inflammasome in the cardiovascular system has led to the identification of important triggers and endogenous modulators, and to the exploration of new treatment strategies based on the inhibition of inflammasome activation or its end products, i.e., IL-1β and IL-18. In summary, the discovery of the inflammasome has greatly advanced our understanding of how the innate immune system interferes with cardiovascular disease development and progression, and targeting inflammasome provides new avenues for the treatment and management of cardiovascular diseases.

Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in Modulating Cardiac Arrhythmias

The autonomic nervous system plays an important role in the modulation of cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis. Decades of research has contributed to a better understanding of the anatomy and physiology of cardiac autonomic nervous system and provided evidence supporting the relationship of autonomic tone to clinically significant arrhythmias. The mechanisms by which autonomic activation is arrhythmogenic or antiarrhythmic are complex and different for specific arrhythmias. In atrial fibrillation, simultaneous sympathetic and parasympathetic activations are the most common trigger. In contrast, in ventricular fibrillation in the setting of cardiac ischemia, sympathetic activation is proarrhythmic, whereas parasympathetic activation is antiarrhythmic. In inherited arrhythmia syndromes, sympathetic stimulation precipitates ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death except in Brugada and J-wave syndromes where it can prevent them. The identification of specific autonomic triggers in different arrhythmias has brought the idea of modulating autonomic activities for both preventing and treating these arrhythmias. This has been achieved by either neural ablation or stimulation. Neural modulation as a treatment for arrhythmias has been well established in certain diseases, such as long QT syndrome. However, in most other arrhythmia diseases, it is still an emerging modality and under investigation. Recent preliminary trials have yielded encouraging results. Further larger-scale clinical studies are necessary before widespread application can be recommended.

Developing Hazard Lines in Response to Coastal Flooding and Sea Level Change

Flooding is a current and future risk to the coastal zone. Currently, coastal planners use historical data to estimate the frequency and magnitude of flooding and develop planning tools such as hazard lines. However, in the face of climate variability and change, such flood risk estimation methods and the resultant planning tools are inadequate. This article outlines the steps, assumptions, key complexities and uncertainties associated with developing and applying hazard lines that incorporate sea level change projections. A case study, involving Lake Macquarie City Council in New South Wales, Australia, highlights the advantages and limitations of the hazard line approach at the local council level. The key findings are that hazard lines using global or state-wide sea level change benchmarks typically result in overgeneralised and inconsistent risk assessments and that new methods of flood risk estimation, flood planning and flood mitigation are required. Alternatives recommended include a move away from definitive sea level projections based on state or countrywide approximations towards the development of regionally specific adaptation plans that utilise flexible approaches, such as the identification of critical thresholds and triggers, to manage potential flood risk and enable decision-making under uncertainty.

Event trigger identification for biomedical events extraction using domain knowledge

In molecular biology, molecular events describe observable alterations of biomolecules, such as binding of proteins or RNA production. These events might be responsible for drug reactions or development of certain diseases. As such, biomedical event extraction, the process of automatically detecting description of molecular interactions in research articles, attracted substantial research interest recently. Event trigger identification, detecting the words describing the event types, is a crucial and prerequisite step in the pipeline process of biomedical event extraction. Taking the event types as classes, event trigger identification can be viewed as a classification task. For each word in a sentence, a trained classifier predicts whether the word corresponds to an event type and which event type based on the context features. Therefore, a well-designed feature set with a good level of discrimination and generalization is crucial for the performance of event trigger identification. In this article, we propose a novel framework for event trigger identification. In particular, we learn biomedical domain knowledge from a large text corpus built from Medline and embed it into word features using neural language modeling. The embedded features are then combined with the syntactic and semantic context features using the multiple kernel learning method. The combined feature set is used for training the event trigger classifier. Experimental results on the golden standard corpus show that >2.5% improvement on F-score is achieved by the proposed framework when compared with the state-of-the-art approach, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed framework.

Haliucinacijų etiologijos aspektai

Hallucinations are misperceptions of things or events with one or more senses when an internal or external trigger doesn’t exist. They can be divided into visual, audioverbal, olfactorical, tactile and gustatory. Hallucinations develop due to 3 main pathophysiologicalmechanisms: psychophysiological, psychobiochemical (neurohormone dependent) and psychodynamic. Etiology of these perceptions consists of many things and is not always binned to psychiatric illnesses. These are some of the etiological factors which will be mentioned further bellow: psychosis, delirium, dementia, Charles Bonnet syndrome, Anton syndrome, seizures, migraine, Lhermitte syndrome, sleep disorders and “Alice in Wonderland” syndrome. Audioverbal hallucinations are thought to be a misperceptionof one’s own thoughts which are understood as the speech of someone else. This happens because of distorted function of frontotemporal efferents. These parts of brain are known for their sensorial region activation in the brain and also for the identification and perception of triggers that arise in a person. Furthermore, and increased activity of Wernicke’s region, right putamen, thalamus, and nucleus caudatus was also noticed. During the events of audioverbalhallucinations increased activity of Broca’s region and dorsal cortex of gyrus cinguli were noticed. Subcortical structures might also be the reason or the regulating part of the brain responsiblefor the manifestation of hallucinations which originate in the cortex. Visual hallucinations appear after triggering the primary or associational visual cortex, deafferetion mechanism, when there is some sort of damage to the periferial or central parts of nervous system responsible for visual perceptions. In addition, sleep and wakefulness cycles might be unbalanced and there can be some cognitive disorders.

Implementation of advanced practice nurse clinic for management of behavioral symptoms in dementia: A dyadic intervention (innovative practice)

Behavioral symptoms are common in all types of dementia and often result in significant caregiver stress and illness, institutionalization of the patient, and reduced quality of life for the patient and caregiver. Health care practitioners often lack the expertise or time to adequately assess behavioral symptoms or counsel caregivers about interventions. Our goal was to implement a specialty clinic managed by advanced practice nurses to assess and manage behavioral symptoms associated with dementia. The clinic evaluations consisted of an assessment of the patient by the Nurse Practitioner during the time that the family caregiver(s) was interviewed by the Clinical Nurse Specialist and focused on an assessment of the cognitive and functional abilities of the patient, identification of triggers for the problematic behaviors, and assessment of caregiver coping. We evaluated 66 dyads since implementation in February 2010. The patients were primarily female, Caucasian, 74.3 years of age with Alzheimer's disease. The majority of caregivers were spouses (n = 44) followed by adult children (n = 20) and then siblings (n = 2). Targeted interventions were developed and caregiver counseling, support, and education were an integral part of the consultation and included written information, video instruction, and internet resources. Evaluations indicated caregivers and referring providers found the appointment helpful in managing behavioral symptoms and caregiver stress.

Using virtual environments for trigger identification in addiction treatment

This paper presents a novel application of virtual environments to assist in encouraging behavior change in individuals who misuse drugs or alcohol. We describe the user-centered design of a series of scenes to engage users in the identification of triggers and to encourage discussions about relevant coping skills. Results from the initial testing of this application with six service users showed variation in user responses. Results also suggested that the system should encourage group discussion and that it was linked to a small improvement in users’ confidence in understanding and identifying triggers.

Lung cancer stem cells, p53 mutations and MDM2.

Over the past few decades, advances in cancer research have enabled us to understand the different mechanisms that contribute to the aberrant proliferation of normal cells into abnormal cells that result in tumors. In the pursuit to find cures, researchers have primarily focused on various molecular level changes that are unique to cancerous cells. In humans, about 50 % or more cancers have a mutated tumor suppressor p53 gene thereby resulting in accumulation of p53 protein and losing its function to activate the target genes that regulate cell cycle and apoptosis. Extensive research conducted in murine cancer models with activated p53, loss of p53, or p53 missense mutations have facilitated researchers to understand the role of this key protein. Despite the identification of numerous triggers that causes lung cancer specific cure still remain elusive. One of the primary reasons attributed to this is due to the fact that the tumor tissue is heterogeneous and contains numerous sub-populations of cells. Studies have shown that a specific sub-population of cells termed as cancer stem cells (CSCs) drive the recurrence of cancer in response to standard chemotherapy. These CSCs are mutated cells with core properties similar to those of adult stem cells. They reside in a microenvironment within the tumor tissue that supports their growth and make them less susceptible to drug treatment. These cells possess properties of symmetric self-renewal and migration thus driving tumor formation and metastasis. Therefore, research specifically targeting these cells has gained prominence towards developing new therapeutic agents against cancer. This chapter focuses on lung cancer stem cells, p53 mutations noted in these cells, and importance of MDM2 interactions. Further, research approaches for better understanding of molecular mechanisms that drive CSC function and developing appropriate therapies are discussed.

A Potential Link between Environmental Triggers and Autoimmunity.

Autoimmune diseases have registered an alarming rise worldwide in recent years. Accumulated evidence indicates that the immune system's ability to distinguish self from nonself is negatively impacted by genetic factors and environmental triggers. Genetics is certainly a factor, but since it normally takes a very long time for the human genetic pattern to change enough to register on a worldwide scale, increasingly the attention of studies has been focused on the environmental factors of a rapidly changing and evolving civilization. New technology, new industries, new inventions, new chemicals and drugs, and new foods and diets are constantly and rapidly being introduced in this fast-paced ever-changing world. Toxicants, infections, epitope spreading, dysfunctions of immune homeostasis, and dietary components can all have an impact on the body's delicate immune recognition system. Although the precise etiology and pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases are still unknown, it would appear from the collated studies that there are common mechanisms in the immunopathogenesis of multiple autoimmune reactivities. Of particular interest is the citrullination of host proteins and their conversion to autoantigens by the aforementioned environmental triggers. The identification of these specific triggers of autoimmune reactivity is essential then for the development of new therapies for autoimmune diseases.

EPA-1139 – Influence of personality traits on depression severity in adolescents

Introduction Recognizing the link between depression and personality traits in adolescents can alleviate identification of individual triggers for developing and diagnosing depression, treatment approach and plan as well as at-risk individuals for suicide ideation. Current studies suggest that depression is linked to several personality traits according to psychobiological model such as: harm avodiance, novelty seeking and self-directedness. Also, personality traits appear to contribute to the onest and course/severity ofdepression. Often, this is more pronounced if there are adverse social factors affectingthe overall family functioning of particular adolescent. Material and Methods Our study was conducted on the Clinical Department for Children and Adolescents during 6-month period. We included both female and male adolescentes (15 years and older) entering the psychatric treatment and diagnosed as depressive disorder according to criteria of ICD-10. Personality traits (temperament and character)were assesed with, Temperament and Character Inventory-revised’ (TCI, Cloninger) and depressive symptoms with, Beck Depression Inventory’ (BDI). The social factors were identified through the region-specific questionnaire. Conclusion Our study has shown that severity of depression correlates with specific temperament and character traits according to psychobiological model but also how adverse social factors have significant impact on presentation of depressive symptoms. It might be possible that such negative social enviroment could impact the development of specific personality traits which predispose individual for development of depression

Ecological consequences of global climate change for freshwater ecosystems in South Africa

Freshwater resources in South Africa are under severe pressure from existing anthropogenic impacts and global climate change is likely to exacerbate this stress. This review outlines the abiotic drivers of climate change, focusing on predicted changes in temperature and precipitation. The consequences of global climate change for freshwater ecosystems are reviewed, with effects grouped into those related to water quantity, water quality, habitat and aquatic biological assemblages. Several guiding principles aimed at minimising the potential impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystems are discussed. These guidelines include those focused on water quantity and the maintenance of appropriate environmental flows, integration of global climate change into water quality management, conservation planning for freshwater biodiversity, the promotion of ecosystem resilience, and extending climate change science into policy and public discourse. Proactive assessment and monitoring are seen as key as these will allow for the identification of ecological triggers and thresholds, including thresholds of vulnerability, which may be used to monitor and inform decisions, as well as to improve the ability to forecast based on this knowledge.

Using compositional semantics and discourse consistency to improve Chinese trigger identification

Due to the special characteristics and challenges in Chinese language, event extraction in Chinese is much more difficult than that in English. In particular, the state-of-the-art Chinese event extraction systems suffer much from the low recall in trigger identification due to the failure in identifying unknown triggers and the inconsistency in identifying trigger mentions. To resolve these two issues, this paper proposes an inference mechanism to infer unknown triggers via the compositional semantics inside Chinese words and another inference mechanism to recover trigger mentions via the discourse consistency between Chinese trigger mentions. Here, various morphological structures are explored to better represent the compositional semantics inside Chinese triggers and automatically identify the head morpheme as the governing sememe of a trigger in inferring unknown triggers. Evaluation on the ACE 2005 Chinese corpus justifies the effectiveness of our approach over a strong baseline in Chinese event extraction, in particular trigger identification.

Perceived triggers of asthma: key to symptom perception and management.

Adequate asthma management depends on an accurate identification of asthma triggers. A review of the literature on trigger perception in asthma shows that individuals vary in their perception of asthma triggers and that the correlation between self-reported asthma triggers and allergy tests is only modest. In this article, we provide an overview of psychological mechanisms involved in the process of asthma triggers identification. We identify sources of errors in trigger identification and targets for behavioural interventions that aim to improve the accuracy of asthma trigger identification and thereby enhance asthma control.