Triazole Groups Research Articles

Fungicides in second harvest corn: cercosporiose control and blotch, productivity, economic return and grain quality

Os objetivos desse trabalho foram avaliar a eficiencia de The aim of this study was evaluate efficacy fungicides to control cercospora leaf spot ( Cercospora zeae-maydis ) and helminthosporium leaf blight ( Exserohilumturcicum ), productivity, economic returns and quality of grain of corn culture of second crop in Farm Bandeirantes at Feliz Natal/MT. The treatments evaluated were: pyraclostrobina+epoxiconazol (0,7 L ha -1 ), trifloxistrobina+protioconazol (0,3L ha -1 ), azoxistrobina+cyproconazol (0,3 L ha -1 ), azoxystrobina (0,25 L ha -1 ), trifloxistrobina+ciproconazol (0,2 L ha -1 ) and control. Theapplicationof products occurred when corn was with 55 days, with a high propelled sprayer. The experimental design was a randomized block, with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The severity of each disease was visually determined through periodic analyses and ten plants were marked in each repetition, which were evaluated during the entire crop cycle. The data of severity obtained were used to calculate the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). It was also obtained the production per ha, the economic return (R$ ha-1) and physiological quality of grain was evaluated by germination tests and accelerated aging of the grains. All treatments had significant difference compared to the control sample in controlling cercospora leaf spot about the control of helminthosporiumleat blight, the fungicides trifloxystrobin+prothioconazol and trifloxystrobin+cyproconazol were not efficient, and the fungicides pyraclostrobina+epoxiconazol , azoxystrobina , azoxistrobina+cyproconazol were efficient. The treatments that had major production are from the group of triazoles+strobilurine and the fungicide pyraclostrobin+epoxyconazol showed greater economic viability. Not were differences among fungicides, and neither of the treatments compared to control, in germination and accelerated aging tests, showing that the grains have good quality characteristics

1,2,4-Triazole functionalized poly(arylene ether ketone) for high temperature proton exchange membrane with enhanced oxidative stability

A series of novel 1,2,4-triazole grafted poly(arylene ether ketone) membranes were prepared to absorb phosphoric acid and used as high temperature proton exchange membranes. Poly(arylene ether ketone) is firstly bromomethylated, followed by nucleophilic substitution of bromomethylated poly(arylene ether ketone) with 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole. The structure and the degree of substitution were confirmed by their 1H NMR spectra. 1,2,4-Triazole functionalized poly(arylene ether ketone) membranes exhibited high thermal decomposition temperature (Td(5%) higher than 271°C) and tensile strengths (higher than 78MPa). After doping with phosphoric acid, these membranes showed enhanced abilities to phosphoric acid absorption with increasing the amount of triazole groups on the side chains. Phosphoric acid doped MTZPAEK(2.15) showed the highest Wdoping value of 142% and the proton conductivity of 51mScm−1 at 190°C. Remarkably, all the membranes exhibited great oxidative stabilities and could retain their shapes for more than 50h in Fenton's reagent (3wt% H2O2, 4ppm Fe2+) at 80°C. This advantage could be ascribed to the unique sulfide groups, which were introduced by nucleophilic substitution reaction and acted as free radical scavengers. The supposed mechanism of enhancing oxidative stability by sulfide groups was confirmed via FT-IR.

Benign development of cotton with antibacterial activity and metal sorpability through introduction amino triazole moieties and AgNPs in cotton structure pre-treated with periodate

The research work presented herein was undertaken with a view to develop, characterize and highlight modified cotton fabrics that acquire durable antibacterial activity in concomitant with high metal sorption capacity. The development is based on reacting cotton cellulose previously oxidized by sodium periodate-with 4 amino-1,2,4 triazole in presence and absence of silver nano particles (AgNPs). The idea behind the periodate pretreatment is to convert (via oxidative cleavge) the 2,3-vicinal diol of the anhydroglucose units of cotton into aldehyde groups. The latter are easily reacting with the triazole groups in the modified cotton. On the other hand AgNPs were fabricated as per the reduction method using bio-material extracted from the root of licorice. By virtue of its reducing action, the bio-material converts Ag+ ions to Ag0 atom which is also stabilized Ag the bio-material in the form of cluster which is the agregate of about 5 Ag0. The clusters are cropped with the stabilizer thus forming silver nanoparticles.Measurement of the particle size displays a value of 8.7nm. Charactrisation of triazole treated cotton fabrics reveals the presence of the triazole moieties inside the structure of cotton. Furthermore, Fabrictreated with triazole in presence and absence of AgNPs exhibits a relatively high antibacterial activity against gram-negative tested bacteria (E. coli) as compared to that of gram-positive tested bacteria (S. aureus). The metal sorption of triazole treated cotton fabrics was higher than those of untreated or periodate pretreated fabric due to the increase in nitrogen centers created along the cellulose chains. Experimental data were accomplished through Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin sorption isotherm models. It was shown that sorption follows Langmuir isotherm model and suggests that the innovative fabric in question can adsorb metal ions from polluted dye bath.

Compared Catalytic Efficiency of Click-Dendrimer-Stabilized Late Transition Metal Nanoparticles in 4-Nitrophenol Reduction

Transition metal nanoparticles (TMNPs) are very efficient catalysts even without ligands for a large number of reactions. On the other hand, comparison between catalytic efficiencies of TMNPs is key to mechanistic understanding. Here late TMNPs stabilized by a click dendrimer containing an arene core and 27 triethylene glycol (TEG) termini have been synthesized for Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag and Au by NaBH4 reduction in water of TM cations that are coordinated to the dendritic triazole groups. All these late TMNPs have been characterized by transmission electron microcopy with core sizes being between 1.4 and 5.2 nm and by UV–vis spectroscopy. The catalytic activities of these freshly synthesized TMNPs under N2 have been compared for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) by NaBH4, a standard reference reaction. Kinetic studies and induction times for this reaction have been recorded. They show that the catalytic activity is all the better as the metal atoms are more electron rich and that the click dendrimer frame sterically inhibits the rate-limiting approach of the substrates to the TMNP surface. These stereoelectronic trends are in agreement with Ballauffs’ mechanism involving NP restructuration as rate limiting. Catalysis of 4-nitrophenol reduction by NaBH4 by eleven “click” dendrimer-stabilized late yransition-metal nanoparticles is compared. A remarkable increase of catalytic activity has been disclosed in the periodic table upon increasing the TM atomic number both from the first row down to the third-raw TMs and within the same row of transition metals.

Design, Synthesis, and Reactivity of Multidentate Ligands with Rhenium(I) and Rhenium(V) Cores

Synthetic pathways to a range of potentially N3O‐tetradentate ligands designed to coordinate to rhenium cores, as well as their coordination behaviors towards different rhenium cores (oxidation states +I and +V) are investigated. Two functionalized N‐{[1‐(4‐R)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl]methyl}‐2‐(pyridin‐2‐ylmethoxy)aniline derivatives L1H (R = methyl acetate) and L2H (R = 4‐nitrophenyl) act exclusively as bidentate ligands and lead to the formation of mononuclear tricarbonylrhenium(I) complexes of the general formula [(LH)Re(CO)3Cl] with L = L1 or L2. Both complexes are characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and in the case of [(L2H)Re(CO)3Cl], single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The rhenium is coordinated by three carbonyl groups, a chlorine atom and two nitrogen atoms of a triazole group, and a nitrogen of the aniline ring of the ligand, respectively. A theoretical study shows complex [(L2H)Re(CO)3Cl] is the most stable structural isomer. In addition, the oxorhenium(V) complex [(L3)ReO] is isolated and fully characterized after the reaction of the ReV precursor [ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with L3H3 [methyl 2‐(4‐{[2‐(2‐hydroxyphenylamino)‐2‐oxoethylamino]methyl}‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)acetate]. Its corresponding 99mTc complex was achieved with a good radiochemical yield (> 90 %). The convenient synthesis of this ligand, coupled with its high affinity for [ReO]3+ and [99mTcO]3+ cores, make it a promising chelator for biomedical applications.

Multifunctional triazolylferrocenyl Janus dendron: Nanoparticle stabilizer, smart drug carrier and supramolecular nanoreactor

Owing to their unique broken symmetry, amphiphilic Janus dendrimers and dendons provide fascinating properties for material, biological, pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. The integration of various organometallic moieties into these macromolecules will further offer the opportunity to form complex and intelligent architectures and materials. Here, we report a novel, simple and multifunctional Janus dendron containing redox‐reversible hydrophobic ferrocene (Fc) unit, complexing‐effective 1,2,3‐triazole ligand and biocompatible hydrophilic triethylene glycol termini. Silver and gold nanoparticles were firstly successfully prepared by using the Janus dendron as the reducing agent of Au(III) and Ag(I), and the stabilizer of the corresponding nanoparticles. The redox response of the Fc moiety was then employed to trigger the release of model drug, rhodamine B, encapsulated in supramolecular micelles formed by the self‐assembly of the Janus dendron. Finally, the precise and excellent metal‐complexing ability of the triazole group in this dendron was fully utilized to stabilize a water‐soluble Cu(I) catalyst, forming supramolecular nanoreactors for the catalysis of the copper(I)‐catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition click reaction in only water. The multifunctional characteristics of this dendron highlight the potential for organometallic Janus dendrimers and dendrons in the fields of functional materials and nanomedicines.

Synthesis and CO2 Capture Behavior of Porous Cross-Linked Polymers Containing Pendant Triazole Groups

Porous cross-linked polymers containing pendant triazole groups were synthesized from glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) in the presence of divinylbenzene via high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) templating method followed by functionalization with sodium 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATANa). They were characterized with FTIR, SEM, BET, and mercury intrusion and assessed as CO2 adsorbents. With interconnected hierarchical porous structure and abundant triazole groups which absorbed CO2 chemically in 1:1 stoichiometry, the adsorbents exhibited high CO2 adsorption capacity (3.6 mmol g–1, at 25 °C and 1 atm) and rate, and good CO2/N2 selectivity (∼30). The adsorbents also displayed easy CO2 desorption with medium desorption heat (58 kJ/mol CO2), acceptable moisture endurance, and excellent recyclability. The results suggest that these functionalized porous polymers are potential adsorbents for CO2 capture.

여름잎마름병(Summer patch) 병원균에 대한 살균제의 억제효과 조사

국내 Kentucky bluegrass로 조성된 골프장이나 잔디 재배지에서 여름철에 여름잎마름병 발생으로 인한 피해가 심각한 상황이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 여름잎마름병방제약제가 아직까지 등록되어있지 않아 병원균에 효과적인 약제를 선발하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 전형적인 여름잎마름병 병징에서 병원균을 분리하였고 ITS1과 ITS4 염기서열 분석으로 Magnaporthiopsis poae로 동정되었다. 잔디용으로 사용되는 10개의 약제를 대상으로 병원균 반응을 조사한 결과, 약제의 농도가 높아질수록 병원균 생장을 억제하였고 시간이 경과할수록 병원균 억제효과가 떨어지는 것이 관찰되었다. triazole계 약제 4종(metconazole, myclobutanil, propiconazole과 tebuconazole)의 병원균 억제효과는 100%로 나타났다. 다음으로 thiophanate-methyl의 억제효과가 높았으며 strobilurin계의 약제인 azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin과 trifloxystrobin 약제를 비교하였을 때는 pyraclostrobin 약제가 가장 높게 나타났으며 다음으로 azoxystrobin과 trifloxystrobin 순으로 나타났다. Fludioxonil과 fluxapyroxad의 병원균 억제효과는 trifloxystrobin과 유사하게 나타났다. Summer patch is the most serious disease at turfgrass field or golf course established with Kentucky bluegrass during high temperature season in Korea. Nevertheless, chemicals for the summer patch control are not yet registered in Korea. We isolated the pathogens from the turfgrass showing typical summer patch symptoms and identified as Magnaporthiopsis poae by using the internal transcribed spacer ITS1 and ITS4 sequences of rDNA. The inhibition rates of the pathogen were investigated for 10 fungicides. As results, the pathogen growth was suppressed when chemicals concentration increased and negatively correlated with incubation period with the chemicals. In triazole group, all chemicals (metconazole, myclobutanil, propiconazole and tebuconazole) treated showed the inhibition rates by 100%. Thiophanate-methyl showed the next highest inhibition effect against a summer patch pathogen. In strobilurin group, pyraclostrobin was the highest suppression effect compared with azoxystrobin and trifloxystrobin. Inhibition effect of fludioxonil and fluxapyroxad on pathogen was similar to the trifloxystrobin. Based on the results, triazole and carboxamide groups are strongly recommended due to the highest inhibition effect on the summer patch pathogen, Magnaporthiopsis poae.

Stereo- and substituent-enabled divergent synthesis of 5,6-spiroketal analogs of avermectin containing a triazole function

Stereo-divergent construction of a 5,6-spiroketal moiety, together with an efficient strategy to access various avermectin analogs containing a triazole group, has been accomplished. In the spirocyclization event, a C21R spiroketal product was selectively obtained using Zn(OTf)2 as a Lewis acid. Conversely, use of Sc(OTf)3 afforded a C21S spiroketal compound as the major product. One pot triazole formation between three TMS-alkyne substrates and organic azides effectively provided the corresponding anti-triazole products. This strategy generates stereochemical and substituent diversity among avermectin analogs. Some of the 5,6-spiroketal analogs showed anti-nematodal activity comparable to ivermectin.

Fungal treatment for the removal of endocrine disrupting compounds from reverse osmosis concentrate: Identification and monitoring of transformation products of benzotriazoles

The removal of 27 endocrine-disrupting compounds and related compounds (suspect effect) from a reverse osmosis concentrate using an alternative decontamination method based on a fungal treatment involving Trametes versicolor was assessed. In addition to chemical analysis, the toxicity of the treated water during the treatment was monitored using a bioluminescence inhibition test and estrogenic and anti-estrogenic tests.The compounds 1H-benzotriazole (BTZ) and two tolyltriazoles (TTZs), 4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (4-MBTZ) and 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (5-MBTZ), were present in the reverse osmosis concentrate at the highest concentrations (7.4 and 12.8 μg L−1, respectively) and were partially removed by the fungal treatment under sterile conditions (58% for BTZ and 92% for TTZs) and non-sterile conditions, although to lesser extents (32% for BTZ and 50% for TTZs).Individual biotransformation studies of BTZ and the TTZs by T. versicolor in a synthetic medium and further analysis via on-line turbulent flow chromatography coupled to an HRMS-Orbitrap allowed the tentative identification of the transformation products (TPs). Six TPs were postulated for BTZ, two TPs were postulated for 4-MBTZ, and four TPs were postulated for 5-MBTZ. Most of these TPs are suggested to have been generated by conjugation with some sugars and via the methylation of the triazole group. Only TP 148 A, postulated to be derived from the biotransformation of BTZ, was observed in the effluent of the bioreactor treating the reverse osmosis concentrate.

Antimicrobial surfaces obtained from blends of block copolymers synthesized by simultaneous ATRP and click chemistry reactions

A series of amphiphilic block copolymers based on styrene (S) and a monomer bearing both thiazole and triazole groups (MTA) were synthesized by combination of ATRP and click chemistry. In particular, two approaches were followed; the direct ATRP from a PS macroinitiator of the pre-synthesized MTA antimicrobial monomer; and the simultaneous synthesis and polymerization of the MTA through a one-step ‘click chemistry’/ATRP process. Both strategies conduct to well-defined block copolymers with controlled molecular weight and low polydispersity. Subsequent quaternization of the thiazole and triazole groups of MTA units with butyl iodine renders systems with antimicrobial properties. Although these systems presented relatively low antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi in aqueous media, the preparation of surfaces functionalized with these copolymers leads to potent antimicrobial surfaces, especially against gram-positive bacteria.

Electronic Properties of Triazoles. Experimental and Computational Determination of Carbocation and Radical-Stabilizing Properties.

Three fluorobenzenes substituted with meta-triazole groups have been prepared, and 19F chemical shifts indicate that these triazole groups are all inductively electron-withdrawing in character, with the 1,5-triazole being the most electron-withdrawing. σ+ values for these three triazoles have also been determined from solvolysis rates of substituted cumyl trifluoroacetates. When substituted in the para-position, the 1,4 and the 2,4-triazoles are cation-stabilizing, whereas the 1,5-triazole is carbocation-destabilizing. γ+ values indicate that the 1,4 triazole group is cation-stabilizing relative to the phenyl group, albeit the 1,5 triazole is significantly destabilizing relative to phenyl. These studies all suggest that the 1,5-triazole group exerts a strong electron-withdrawing effect on carbocations that is not offset by a resonance effect. The three triazole groups all enhance the methylenecyclopropane rearrangement rate and are therefore radical stabilizers. The smallest stabilizing effect is seen for the 1,5-triazole, and this is attributed to the triazole group being twisted out of conjugation in the developing benzylic radical. Finally, the anionic triazole group is the most effective radical-stabilizing group. Computational studies indicate that these triazole groups all stabilize benzylic radicals by a spin delocalization mechanism.

Self-anticorrosion performance efficiency of renewable dimer-acid-based polyol microcapsules containing corrosion inhibitors with two triazole groups

Abstract Renewable polyurethane microcapsules based on a dimer-acid-based polyol were prepared through interfacial polymerization with a homogenizer and sonicator. The dimer-acid-based polyol was used to produce a dimer ester-toluene diisocyanate prepolymer by reacting with toluene 2,4-diisocyanate (TDI). Then, the dimer ester-toluene diisocyanate prepolymer was reacted with 1,4-butanediol (BD) in order to form the shell of the microcapsules, which contained triazole- and oleate-derivative corrosion inhibitors as core materials for anticorrosion effects in coating systems. The resultant microcapsules using a homogenizer (DTM) and a sonicator (DSM) consisted of the anticorrosion agent core and renewable polyurethane shell, and were prepared under controlled optimum conditions (2000–8000 rpm, 500 W). Specific core contents were approximately 47–58%, and the ratios of the shell thicknesses to the capsule diameters were approximately 0.08. The anticorrosion properties of the self-healing coatings based on smart microcapsules were investigated on scratched panels using the salt spray test. The scratch test revealed that the self-healing coating system had significant ability to prevent corrosion growth. Anticorrosion coating surfaces with functionalized smart microcapsules did not corrode so notably that the corrosion-resistance effect, as the rusting degree, was attenuated by the salt spray, and the rusting degree of the self-healing microcapsules increased to 0.045% of the panel area.

Synthesis, crystal structures and luminescence properties of seven mononuclear zinc(II), cadmium(II), cobalt(II) and nickel(II) complexes with 5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole.

Due to their versatile coordination modes and metal-binding conformations, triazolyl ligands can provide a wide range of possibilities for the construction of supramolecular structures. Seven mononuclear transition metal complexes with different structural forms, namely aquabis[3-(4-methylphenyl)-5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazolato-κ2N1,N5]zinc(II), [Zn(C14H11N4)2(H2O)], (I), bis[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-κ2N3,N4]bis(nitrato-κO)zinc(II), [Zn(NO3)2(C14H12N4)2], (II), bis(methanol-κO)bis[3-(4-methylphenyl)-5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazolato-κ2N1,N5]zinc(II), [Zn(C14H11N4)2(CH4O)2], (III), diiodidobis[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-κ2N3,N4]cadmium(II), [CdI2(C14H12N4)2], (IV), bis[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-κ2N3,N4]bis(nitrato-κO)cadmium(II), [Cd(NO3)2(C14H12N4)2], (V), aquabis[3-(4-methylphenyl)-5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazolato-κ2N1,N5]cobalt(II), [Co(C14H11N4)2(H2O)], (VI), and diaquabis[3-(4-methylphenyl)-5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazolato-κ2N1,N5]nickel(II), [Ni(C14H11N4)2(H2O)2], (VII), have been prepared by the reaction of transition metal salts (ZnII, CdII, CoII and NiII) with 3-(4-methylphenyl)-5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (pymphtzH) under either ambient or hydrothermal conditions. These compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All the complexes form three-dimensional supramolecular structures through hydrogen bonds or through π-π stacking interactions between the centroids of the pyridyl or arene rings. The pymphtzH and pymphtz- entities act as bidentate coordinating ligands in each structure. Moreover, all the pyridyl N atoms are coordinated to metal atoms (Zn, Cd, Co or Ni). The N atom in the 4-position of the triazole group is coordinated to the Zn and Cd atoms in the crystal structures of (II), (IV) and (V), while the N atom in the 1-position of the triazolate group is coordinated to the Zn, Co and Ni atoms in (I), (III), (VI) and (VII).

Two trinuclear transition metal(II)–Radical complexes with triple-triazole bridges

Two new transition complexes were obtained by using triazole nitronyl nitroxide radical as ligand. The complexes with formula [M3(4-Me-3-Nit-trz)6](ClO4)6 [M = Co(II) 1, Ni(II) 2; 4-Me-3-Nit-trz = 2-[3-(4-methyl-l,2,4-triazolyl)]-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide] were characterized structurally and magnetically. They were both linear trinuclear structures with neighboring metal ions triply bridged by triazole NN moieties and the molecules have a three-fold axis. All of the metal ions in 1 and 2 are in octahedral environment and adopt two kinds of coordination modes. The radical oxygen atoms participate in the 6-membered chelation at the terminal nickel(II) or cobalt(II) ions and the central nickel(II) or cobalt(II) ion is coordinated to six nitrogen atoms from six triazole group. The magnetic behaviors for 1 and 2 indicate that the metal ions and the direct coordinated radicals are strongly antiferromagnetically coupled. A theoretical model has been developed to interpret the magnetic data for complex 2.

Synthesis, in vitro antiproliferative activity and kinase profile of new benzimidazole and benzotriazole derivatives

Protein kinase 2 (CK2), a member of the serine/threonine kinase family, has been established as a promising target in anticancer therapy. New derivatives of known CK2 inhibitors 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole (TBBi) and 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzotriazole (TBBt) bearing azide or substituted triazole groups were synthesized. Their influence on the activity of human recombinant CK2α and cytotoxicity against normal and cancer cell lines were evaluated. TBBi derivatives with triazole substituted with carboxyl substituent (7 and 10) exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity against CK2 with Ki value in the range of 1.96–0.91μM, respectively. New TBBi derivatives 2, 3, 5 and 9 have demonstrated the EC50, in the range of 12–25μM and 13–29μM respectively towards CCRF-CEM and MCF-7 cells. Derivatives TBBi decreased viability of cancer cells more efficiently than BALB cells and the biggest differences were observed for the azide substituted compounds 3 and 5. The effect of the most active compounds on the activity of eight off-target kinases was evaluated. Inhibitory efficiency of CK2-mediated p65 phosphorylation was demonstrated for the TBBi and compound 12.

Cationic and Neutral Rotaxanes Having Different Functional Groups in the Axle Molecule and Their Coordination to PtII.

Dibenzo[24]crown-8 (DB24C8) forms rotaxanes with a linear molecule having a dialkylammonium group and a triazole group as well as with the acetylation product of a cationic axle molecule. The former cationic rotaxane is stabilized by multiple intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the NH2+ and oxyethylene groups. The neutral rotaxane contains the macrocycle in the vicinity of the terminal aryl group. The co-conformation of both the cationic and neutral rotaxanes can be fixed by coordination of the triazole group of the axle molecule to PtCl2 (dmso)2 . A 1 H NMR spectroscopic study on the thermodynamics of the Pt coordination revealed a larger association constant for the rotaxanes than for the corresponding axle molecules and a larger value for the neutral rotaxane than for the cationic rotaxane.

Thiol grafted imine-based covalent organic frameworks for water remediation through selective removal of Hg(ii)

An outstanding and selective material for Hg(ii) polluted water remediation based on an imine-linked COF endowed with triazole and thiol groups.

Selective trihydroxylated azepane inhibitors of NagZ, a glycosidase involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to β-lactam antibiotics.

The synthesis of a series of d-gluco-like configured 4,5,6-trihydroxyazepanes bearing a triazole, a sulfonamide or a fluorinated acetamide moiety at C-3 is described. These synthetic derivatives have been tested for their ability to selectively inhibit the muropeptide recycling glucosaminidase NagZ and to thereby increase sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to β-lactams, a pathway with substantial therapeutic potential. While introduction of triazole and sulfamide groups failed to lead to glucosaminidase inhibitors, the NHCOCF3 analog proved to be a selective inhibitor of NagZ over other glucosaminidases including human O-GlcNAcase and lysosomal hexosaminidases HexA and B.

A Novel Chain-Growth CuAAC Polymerization: One-pot Synthesis of Dendritic Hyperbranched Polymers with Well-Defined Structures

This highlight presents an overview of our recent achievements on developing a chain-growth copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) polymerization of multifunctional ABm (m ≥ 2) monomers to produce structurally defined hyperbranched polymers in one pot. The chain-growth mechanism is attributed to the dedicate complexation between copper(I) catalyst and triazole groups that confine the copper catalyst in the polymers and selectively favor the polymer–monomer reaction rather than the monomer–monomer reactions. The living nature of this CuAAC polymerization was extensively explored to demonstrate the intriguing features of multibatch addition of various AB2 monomers to produce hyperbranched polymers with high molar mass, low dispersity, core-shell segmented structures, and tunable solubility. 1 Background 2 Development of Living Chain-Growth CuAAC Polymerization 3 Functionalization and Segmented Structure in Hyperbranched Polymers 4 Conclusion