Triangular Technique Research Articles

Surgical Corner of the Mouth Lift – Case Study

A smile is an expression of joy and sympathy, serving as a vital element of social communication. The process of aging has a notable impact on both skin elasticity and muscle tone, which consequently results in alterations in the appearance of the corners of the mouth and the overall smile. Notably, the emergence of 'marionette lines,' vertical wrinkles extending from the mouth's corners to the base of the chin, signifies a visible manifestation of the aging process. These changes exert influence on both aesthetic aspects and personal hygiene, potentially leading to the development of inflammatory conditions.This article presents a case study focusing on a female patient who underwent surgical correction of the mouth's corners due to recurrent angular cheilitis. The patient presented with ptotic mouth corners, excessive salivation, and erythema at the angles of the mouth, often accompanied by painful discomfort during exacerbations of the inflammatory condition. The treatment method applied in this specific case involved the utilization of the triangular technique. Subsequent to the surgical procedure, the patient expressed satisfaction with the outcome, and her mouth corners remained free from inflammatory episodes for a duration of two years.

Legal Protection Against Traditional Cultural Expressions in Batik Bakaran in Pati Regency Based on Indonesian Regulations

Traditional cultural expressions result from intellectual activity, experience, or understanding, expressed by community groups in the context of tradition, which are dynamic and can experience development. Protecting Traditional Cultural Expressions is regulated in Article 38 of Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. Batik Bakaran, as a form of the traditional cultural heritage of the people of Pati Regency, has the potential and characteristics to obtain protection for Traditional Cultural Expressions so that unauthorized use from other countries does not occur and protects the rights of local communities. This study aims to find out and analyze whether Batik Bakaran has the potential to get legal protection against Traditional Cultural Expressions as well as the urgency and implications of Legal Protection for Traditional Cultural Expressions in Batik Bakaran in Pati Regency. This research uses the type of Juridical Empirical research using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques by way of literature study and based on the results of interviews, observation, and documentation. Data validity uses triangular techniques. The results of this study indicate the potential of Batik Bakaran as a traditional cultural heritage that has characteristics as part of Traditional Cultural Expression.

Multi Criteria Decision Making for Evaluation and Ranking of Cancer Information

Cancer is a disease that is rapidly expanding in prevalence all over the world. Cancer cells can metastasize, or spread, across the body and impact several different cell types. Additionally, the incidence rates of several subtypes of cancer have been on the rise in India. The countermeasures for the cancer disease can be taken by determining the specific expansion rate of each type. To rank the various forms of cancer’s rate of progression, we used some of the available data. Numerous studies are available in the literature which show the growth rate of cancer by different techniques. The accuracy of the scheme in determining the highest growth rate may vary due to the variation in the dependent factors. Within the context of this research, the Fuzzy triangular technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), is utilized to rank the various categorizations of cancer with the help of four groups of medical professionals acting in the capacity of decision-makers. The number of decision-makers may variate according to the required accuracy of results. The findings of the three-dimensional Fuzzy TOPSIS analysis categorize each variety of cancer according to the rate at which it spreads over time. Numerical results along with visual representation are presented to examine the efficiency of our proposed work.

An Automatic Isotropic Triangular Grid Generation Technique Based on an Artificial Neural Network and an Advancing Front Method

To improve the efficiency and automation of the traditional advancing front method (AFM) of unstructured grid generation, a novel isotropic triangular generation technique is developed based on an artificial neural network (ANN). First, some existing high-quality triangular grids are used as data sources, and then an automatic extraction method of training dataset is proposed. Second, the dataset is input into the ANN to train the network by the back-propagation (BP) algorithm, and then some typical patterns are identified through iterative learning. Third, after inputting the initial discretized fronts, the grid generator starts from the shortest front, and the adjacent front information is collected as the input of the neural network to choose the most proper pattern and predict the coordinates of the new point until the grid covers the whole computational domain. Finally, the initial grid is smoothed to further improve the grid quality. Some typical two-dimensional (2D) geometries are tested to validate the capability of the ANN-based advancing front triangle generator. The experimental results demonstrate that the efficiency of the proposed ANN-based triangular grid generator is about 30 percent higher than that of the traditional AFM, and grid quality has also been improved significantly.

Tail flap for eyelid reconstruction: An alternative to the Tenzel flap

Purpose: To describe a technique of eyelid reconstruction with the tail flap method and also to evaluate the post-surgical outcome in a group of patients. Methods: This was a prospective case series study on nine patients who had undergone an eyelid reconstruction with the tail flap method. The study had been conducted from July 2014 to July 2019. The follow-up continued for six months to one year. Results: A total of nine patients with ten eyelid defects, 2 (22%) patients had unilateral eyelid coloboma, 1 (11%) had lower lid defect associated with Treacher-Collins syndrome,1 (11%)with bilateral upper eyelid coloboma, only one eyelid undergone lid reconstructive surgery associated with craniofacial anomalies,1 (11%) with Juvenile xanthogranuloma of the left upper eyelid,1(11%) with Basal cell carcinoma in the right upper lid, 3(34%) with Meibomian gland carcinoma 2 in lower eyelid and 1 in upper lid undergone lid reconstructive surgery with triangular flap. Among nine patients, a total of ten eyelid defects were repaired with the triangular flap technique, 5 (50%) in the upper eyelid and 5 (50%) in the lower eyelid. The eyelid defects were completely repaired with tail flap in all patients. All patients were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. The cosmetic outcomes of surgical intervention were excellent in 5(50%) cases, good in 3(30%) cases, fair enough in 2(20%) cases. Conclusions: Tail flap is an alternative surgical method to the well-established Tenzel flap in eyelid reconstruction. Keywords: Tail Flap; Tenzel Flap; Eyelid Defect; Lid reconstruction

The Triangular technique for abdominal myofascial plication.

Abstract:Introduction: Abdominoplasty has two main principles: First: removal of abdominal wall excess fat and skin. Second: narrowing of the waistline. Myofascial plication is a fundamental part of abdominoplasty that is done by most surgeons to strengthen the weakened abdominal wall as well to achieve a narrow waistline. Despite numerous techniques were depicted for anterior abdominal wall plication, there is no general agreement among plastic surgeons about the ideal technique. In this article, the authors are demonstrating and evaluating the triangular technique for myofascial plication. Patients and Methods: Between January 2019 and February 2020, the authors applied the triangle plication technique on 19 women with rectus muscle diastasis who underwent anterior abdominal wall plication as a part of conventional abdominoplasty. The patients were followed up for 7-12 months post-operative. The results were assessed mainly by measuring the reduction in the waist to hip ratio, patients' satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, and by an external observer using the Global Aesthetic Improvement SCORE (GAIS). Results:Patients’ satisfaction, were graded as excellent in 95% of cases and the GAIS ranged between 4 – 5 in 95% of cases with 17.3% average reduction of ratio waist to hip measures and 19.3% average reduction of the vertical length of the rectus sheath.Conclusion:Abdominal myofascial triangular plication is a simple technique that results in improvement of the trunk contour with a narrower waistline and facilitates tension-free closure of abdominoplasty incision and with high patients’ satisfaction rates. Keyword: Abdominoplasty, Myofascial, Plication, triangle technique

Application of modified triangular injection technique on MMC to decrease ARM current

Abstract In the area of the converter, the main focus of research is going on to improve the performance of Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC). This paper discusses the triangular injection modulation structure as well as the capacitor voltage balancing approach of the submodule (SM) for MMC converters to maintain a minimum harmonic profile as well as to achieve a lower arm current. To identify the value of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and arm current as a minimum in comparison with some well-known modulation methods from literature, a converter structure was developed in MATLAB Simulink environment, and the simulation results showed that the value of arm current and THD profile of MMC in case of this method was lower in comparison with typical modulations. A small prototype of the converter driven by the triangular injection method has been presented to confirm this method's validity.

71. Can the novel lumboiliac triangle technique based on biplane oblique fluoroscopy facilitate transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for patients with L5-S1 disc herniation combined with high iliac crest? A case-control study of 100 patients

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) via the transforaminal approach is difficult at L5-S1 in patients presenting with high iliac crests (HIC). The conventional wisdom is that measurement using lumbar radiography, CT or MRI is necessary. PURPOSE To introduce a lumbo-iliac triangular (LI-Tri) technique based on biplane oblique fluoroscopy and verify whether it facilitates transforaminal PELD for patients with L5-S1 LDH combined with HIC. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING Retrospective case-control study. PATIENT SAMPLE The definition of HIC is derived from Choi's degree system, classifying the relationship between the location of the highest point of the iliac crest and the adjacent bony structures such as the L5 pedicle, and the L4 inferior and S1 superior endplates. In our patient selection, the highest point of the iliac crest above the mid-point of the L5 pedicle (Type>5) was regarded as ‘HIC.’ Between January 2016 and December 2016, 100 patients with LDH combined with HIC were treated with PELD via a unilateral transforaminal approach in two tertiary spine centers. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) clinical symptoms and signs of unilateral neurological deficit including radiculopathy, paresthesia, motor weakness that did not respond to conservative treatments including medication, physiotherapy, and nerve root blocks for 6 weeks; (2) symptoms corresponding to preoperative MRI and/or CT scans. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) definite segmental instability (anterior or posterior displacement>3 mm or the angle change of the endplate>15 ° on the dynamic radiography); (2) severe central canal stenosis (less than 10 mm) on preoperative MRI or CT; (3) cauda equina syndrome; (4) highly migrated nucleus pulposus beyond the low rims of adjacent pedicles; and (5) suspected infection or malignant diseases. OUTCOME MEASURES Besides the mean operative duration, clinical outcome evaluation included the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score and visual analog scale (VAS) score without the usage of analgesic to truly reflect the intensity of back and leg pain. Relevant complications, including intraoperative conversion from conventional puncture to LI-Tri technique, postoperative dysthesias and motor weakness were also recorded. METHODS The LI-Tri technique was used in the first 50 patients (applied group) with L5-S1 disc herniation. The other 50 patients were classified as non-applied group, in which the conventional puncture process was performed. The puncture location was considered unsatisfactory after 20 puncture attempts, regarded as a difficult puncture. If this occurred in the non-applied group, the LI-Tri technique was introduced into the puncture process, as with the applied group. Three senior surgeons with experience of over 500 transforaminal PELD cases performed the surgeries. The intervals of follow-up were scheduled at 1 day, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after surgery. Postoperative MRI or CT examinations were recommended, especially for patients without satisfactory symptom relief. RESULTS No significant difference was observed with respect to demographic information (P .05, respectively). With the exception of the back pain VAS and ODI at 1 day postoperatively, no significant difference was observed in the three parameters at other time-points postoperatively between two groups (P>.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS For patients with L5-S1 LDH combined with HIC treated by transforaminal PELD, the LI-Tri technique is simple and effective in preoperative evaluations, locating the skin entry point and guiding the puncture trajectory. Compared to the conventional technique, it shows advantages in terms of reducing intraoperative surgical duration and promoting fast postoperative recovery. FDA DEVICE/DRUG STATUS This abstract does not discuss or include any applicable devices or drugs.

Nonlinear stability and existence of compressible vortex sheets in 2D elastodynamics

The nonlinear stability and local existence of compressible vortex sheets for the two-dimensional isentropic elastic fluid are established in the usual Sobolev spaces. The problem has a characteristic free boundary, and the Kreiss–Lopatinskiĭ condition is satisfied only in a weak form. This paper completes the previous works [6,7] of the first three authors where the weakly linear stability of the rectilinear vortex sheets is proved by means of an upper triangularization technique. Our proof is based on certain higher-order energy estimates and an appropriate modification of the Nash–Moser iteration. In particular, the estimate for the normal derivatives of the characteristic variables can be recovered from that for the linearized divergences and vorticities.

Fractal Approach Based Simplified and Generalized Sector Detection in Current Error Space Phasor Based Hysteresis Controller Applied to Multilevel Front-End Converters

The current error space phasor (CESP) based hysteresis controller employed for front-end converter requires two (inner and outer) hysteresis bands for vector selection and sector detection, respectively. As a result of this, the CESP moves out of the fixed (hexagonal) inner boundary many times in one fundamental cycle (and touches outer hysteresis band) to detect appropriate sector. This distorts the supply current waveform and increases the implementation complexity. To provide effective solution to the said issue, in this article, a fractal approach with a triangularization technique is proposed and analyzed to eliminate the outer hysteresis band and lookup table for sector change detection. The novelty proposed in this article is the integration of the fractal approach to CESP-based hysteresis controller, which reduces the complexity of the implementation of CESP-based hysteresis controller for any general multilevel front-end converter. The detailed analysis of the proposed technique for sector detections is presented considering the voltage space phasor structure of three-level and five-level converters. A generalized flowchart for any multilevel converter employing CESP-based hysteresis controller with proposed sector detection technique is developed and presented. Laboratory prototype is developed for a three-level flying capacitor front-end converter with an effective capacitor voltage balancing scheme. The experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed current controller in terms of unity power factor and low harmonic distortion in the line current under various practical conditions.

A Mesh Grading Technique for Near-fault Seismic Wave Propagation in Large Velocity-contrast Viscoelastic Earth Media

ABSTRACT Seismic ground motions at a site are greatly affected by nearby many factors, such as strong heterogeneity, irregular interface, topographic relief, and large attenuation. To consider such factors, a simple triangular mesh grading technique is proposed for the efficient simulation of viscoelastic wave bidirectional propagation at irregular interface of large velocity-contrast earth media with rugged topography. The ground motions from finite-fault seismic source of a M w 5.2 hypothetical earthquake are simulated. The simulation results showed that the existence of soil basin and interlayer can impact greatly ground motions, and should be considered in studying ground motions.

Digital Authentication using Ciliry Feature Development

Security can be improved in authentication. Our methods of authentication and identification are done by Ciliary Features based matching. A novel study is improvement of biometric system for human authentication recognition application development. This authentication application mainly extracts the ciliary features from human iris, and these features are classified and matched with real time authentication application. The features extraction and recognition performance by Triangular Filtering Technique CILIARY Gradient Technique. This system consists of five steps they are Pre-processing level, Filtering level, Enhancement level, Extraction and matching level. The Features extraction techniques are CILIARY Region properties extraction, Matching and Classification.

Z-plasty as an alternative choice for the treatment of recurrent local sternal wound infections.

Sternal wound infections after sternotomy are associated with high morbidity, high mortality, and prolonged hospital stay. The recurrence rate of sternal wound infections after single-stage closure is greater than expected. The aim of the study is to present our results of a consecutive series of Z-plasty for the treatment of recurrent sternal wound infections. Between March 2015 and March 2017, a total of 9 patients were referred to our clinic with a recurrent sternal wound infection due to sternotomy with or without osteomyelitis. All patients previously underwent one or more surgical procedures for sternal infection. Negative pressure wound therapy and several debridement methods were performed before reconstruction. Two triangular double-transposition fasciocutaneous flap techniques as Z-plasty under local anesthesia was performed for all of the patients. The flaps survived completely without any tissue loss. There were no major postoperative complications. One patient had recurrent infection after the flap procedure and was treated with antibiotic therapy. At 6months of follow-up, all of the patients were able to return to normal activities of daily living with a high patient satisfaction rate. Local sternal wound reconstruction is an effective, rapid, and simple with Z-plasty associated with low recurrence risk. We believe that Z-plasty can be used for recurrent local sternal wound infections as an alternative treatment option for selected patients without mechanical dehiscence.

ANALISIS KESULITAN GURU IPS DALAM MENYUSUN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN DI SMP NEGERI KECAMATAN IBU

Researching aims to know the ability of teachers in drafting device of learning in Junior High School the country Mother Subdistrict of West Halmahera Regency.this is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The population in this research, is a teacher-teacher Mother in Subdistrict 5 IPS schools with numbered 8 teachers. Engineering data collection i.e. observation, interview and documentation.The validity of the data in this study using triangular techniques i.e. checking from a variety of sources in different ways. Qualitative data analysis techniques, namely, the reduction of the data, the presentation of the data, and draw conclusions. Based on the results of the it can be concluded that: the ability of a teacher in drawing up a learning device in Sub junior's mother is still having difficulty in integrating various social material into SK/KD/indicators as well as the selection of appropriate learning materials.Keywords: teacher trouble, IPS, Device learning

Endonasal Triangular Technique for nasal valve rhinoplasty: a ten year review

The nasal valve is the main regulator of airflow in the nose. Consequently, the collapse of the nasal valve has a significant impact on nasal obstruction and hence quality-of-life of patients. Several nasal valve rhinoplasty techniques are being used, from cartilage grafts to endonasal resection of the upper lateral cartilage. We describe a new endonasal approach to nasal valve rhinoplasty, the Triangular Technique, and assess its efficacy and complication rate over ten years. A retrospective study of patients who underwent nasal valve rhinoplasty at three regional hospitals from Jan 2004 to May 2014 was conducted. Subjective reports were used to assess the improvement of nasal obstruction. 24 patients were included. 3 months postoperatively, 19 patients reported improvement in nasal obstruction. 4 patients required revision surgery. 2 of these 4 patients had substantial symptom resolution post revision surgery. 10 patients were followed up for more than 5 years (range: 5.8 to 10.3 years), 9 of who reported continued satisfaction and none or minimal nasal obstruction after nasal valve rhinoplasty compared to before surgery. There were no reported complications. The Triangular Technique is a straightforward endonasal technique to address collapsed nasal valves with minimal associated co-morbidities.

Patient related outcomes and ergonomic evaluation of triangular 3-port or ‘two-hand’ TEP hernioplasty: a preliminary analysis in a university hospital

Background: Standard TEP technique requires three skin incisions for placement of three trocars in the midline. This can be done by 3 port triangular technique or two-hand technique. This study reports a preliminary analysis of peri-operative outcomes and ergonomics characteristics of this procedure in our setup.Methods: N=10 patients underwent triangular 3 port technique or two-hand TEP hernioplasty after informed written consent in Department of Surgery, King George’s Medical University UP between January to June 2016 after institutional ethical approval. Patient related outcomes in terms of quality of life (QOL) and ergonomic evaluation of the technique have been reported in this study.Results: The mean duration of surgery was 79.4±4.5 minutes with duration of hospital stay 2.4±0.5 days. The time to return to routine work was 1.0±0.2 days and office work was 4.0±1.8 days. Hernioplasty related QOL calculated using Carolina comfort scale showed improved with increased follow up period. Ergonomically the procedure can be safely performed without added stress on the surgeon.Conclusions: ‘Two-hand approach’ or triangular 3-port TEP hernioplasty is ergonomically feasible and enables a surgeon to perform surgery safely using basic principles of laparoscopy.

Scene search based on the adapted triangular regions and soft clustering to improve the effectiveness of the visual-bag-of-words model

The storage size of the image and video repositories are growing day by day due to the extensive use of digital image acquisition devices. The position of an object within an image is obtained by analyzing the content-based properties like shape, texture, and color, while compositional properties present the image layout and include the photographic rule of composition. The high-quality images are captured on the basis of the rule of thirds that divide each image into nine square areas. According to this rule, salient objects of an image are placed on the intersection points or along the imagery lines of the grid to capture the position of the salient objects. To improve image retrieval performance, visual-bag-of-words (VBoW) framework-based image representation is widely used nowadays. According to this framework, the spatial relationship between salient objects of an image is lost due to the formation of a global histogram of the image. This article presents a novel adapted triangular area-based technique, which computes local intensity order pattern (LIOP) features, weighted soft codebooks, and triangular histograms from the four triangular areas of each image. The proposed technique adds the spatial contents from four adapted triangular areas of each image to the inverted index of the VBoW framework, solve overfitting problem of the larger sizes of the codebook, and overwhelmed the problem of the semantic gap. The experimental results and statistical analysis performed on five image collections show an encouraging robustness of the proposed technique that is compared with the recent CBIR techniques.

The Management of Scout in Student Building Character in SMP N 1 BASO

This research was based on the fail to buil the student character by scout activity. The purpose of this research is to analyze the management of scout activity in school. It used qualitative approach to analyse the management of scout activity in school. It used qualitative approach to analyse, to organize, to execute and to supervise the management scout in school. The data collected from headmaster, vice headmaster, scoutmaster and students. Had been doing by obsevation, interview and documentations. It was also analyzed by data reduction technique, data sample and summarizing to determine the exact implementation for character building. The data was examined by triangular technique and source. The research showed that scout management in effort to build student character was done by school by formulating, deciding and developing character values in scout vision, mission, purpose and work plan. Yet it was not determined the duty and right of scout implementer approplated whith the competency so it has not been developing the attitude of sprituality, emotion, social, intelectuality and phisic of student. It happened because the headmaster had not executed the supervision and monitory, report and follow-up the work plan. It is excepted to all school element to cooperate in doing scout management to build scout character in student.

Simbolisasi dalam Metode Numerik sebagai Representasi Konsep dan Prosedur

The purpose of this research is to analyze the ability of interpret symbols in numerical methods. The extent of the interpretation at the level of procedure and calculation only, or its already at the level of understanding of the concepts represented by symbols with good and right way. This type of research is qualitative research. The data that obtained are analyzed in descriptive. The election of the subject based on purposive sampling technique, i.e. taking the subject with considerations/criteria 6 semester students who was taking the course numerical methods, critical and active in discussions. The subject is only drawn by 1 student, subsequently coded MN1.The material is focused in determining the approximate root of equation with the method of false position. The methods used to collect data in this research is the observation, tests and interviews. So, that the triangular used in this research is the triangular techniques. Conclusion based on the results of the research showed the new symbols to interpret NM1 limited calculation procedure only. NM1 considers, with the same symbol but different forms of counting operation, was a mistake. NM1 gives the wrong result of conclusion renders the procedure is only seen from the similarity to the symbol, not the views of the concept behind the use of the symbol.

Triangular Distribution-Based Companding Technique for Reducing PAPR of OFDM Systems

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology promises to be a key technique for achieving high data rates in the present as well as future broadband wireless communication systems. In spite of several advantages, one of the major drawbacks of OFDM system is its high peak to average power ratio (PAPR), which degrades the overall performance and results in many restrictions for practical applications. To reduce the PAPR, a novel PAPR reduction technique is proposed here that provides optimum bit error rate (BER) performance, better design flexibility and more degrees of freedom compared to other existing companding schemes. In this proposed technique, original distribution function of OFDM signal magnitude is transformed into a triangular distribution function for achieving a favorable trade-off between PAPR reduction and BER performance. A theoretical performance study with general formulas of the proposed scheme is presented and a comparative analysis is done with the existing algorithms. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme can substantially outperform the existing non-linear companding transform (NCT) techniques in terms of PAPR reduction, BER and power spectrum density (PSD) performance.