Triadic Reciprocal Determinism Research Articles

The Influence of Intolerance of Uncertainty on Social Anxiety in University Students: The Sequential Mediating Effect of Core Self-Evaluation and Attentional Control.

Social anxiety is a serious and prevalent psychological problem among university students, with intolerance of uncertainty playing an important role in its formation and development. The underlying mediating processes remain elusive despite the existing research on the association between these two constructs. This investigation developed a sequential mediation model grounded in the triadic reciprocal determinism theory to examine the intermediary roles of core self-evaluation and attentional control. Utilizing a convenience sampling method, a total of 1580 undergraduate students were recruited for this study. The study variables were assessed using scales measuring intolerance of uncertainty, core self-evaluation, attention control, and social interaction anxiety. The results revealed a significant and positive predictive relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and social anxiety (effect = 0.10; SE = 0.02; 95% CI = [0.00, 0.05]; p < 0.001). Intolerance of uncertainty directly and indirectly impacted social anxiety via three pathways: the independent mediating influence of core self-evaluation (effect = 0.15; SE = 0.02; 95% CI = [0.12, 0.18]; p < 0.001), the independent mediating influence of attentional control (effect = 0.03; SE = 0.01; 95% CI = [0.02, 0.05]; p < 0.001), and a serial mediation effect involving both core self-evaluation and attentional control (effect = 0.04; SE = 0.01; 95% CI = [0.03, 0.06]; p < 0.001). These direct and indirect effects contributed 30.03% and 69.97% to the overall effect, respectively. This study offers novel insights for interventions and treatments targeting social anxiety in university students.

Optimization of Appraisal Case Teaching in Law from the Perspective of Social Cognitive Theory

In response to the challenge of implementing the method of appraisal case analysis in legal education, this study explores the optimization of legal case teaching using social cognitive theory. Social cognitive theory, as a crucial framework for individual learning and behavioral change, provides systematic theoretical support for legal education. The application of observational learning, the cultivation of self-efficacy, and the impact of triadic reciprocal determinism offer concrete guidance and insights for the implementation of the appraisal method. Applying these theories can effectively promote the implementation of the appraisal method and ultimately improve the quality of legal education.

Analysis of influencing factors of orthopedic nurses' spiritual care competencies based on structural equation model.

To comprehensively understand the spiritual care competencies of orthopedic nurses and analyze the factors that affect them. This study employed convenience sampling to conduct a cross-sectional survey among orthopedic nurses at Hefei First People's Hospital. Data was collected utilizing a general information questionnaire, alongside the Chinese versions of the Spiritual Care Competence Scale, the Spiritual Care Perspective Scale, the Professional Identity Assessment Scale, and the Hospital Ethical Climate Scale. Guided by the Person-Environment Fit theory and the Triadic Reciprocal Determinism theory, a structural equation model was utilized to analyze the influencing factors and pathways related to the spiritual care competence of orthopedic nurses. A total of 112 valid questionnaires were obtained, yielding an overall score of 68.92 ± 11.03 for orthopedic nurses' spiritual care competencies, with an average score of 3.14 ± 0.50 per item. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation (all P < 0.01) between spiritual care competence and the scores for spiritual care perspective, professional identity assessment, and hospital ethical climate. The spiritual care perspective, professional identity, and hospital ethical climate emerged as the influencing factors of orthopedic nurses' spiritual care competence, exhibiting total effects of 0.30, 0.53, and 0.85, respectively. Notably, the hospital ethical climate exerts an indirect influence on spiritual care competence through the mediation of spiritual care perspective and professional identity, with the indirect effect accounting for 61.18% of the total effect. There remains significant potential for enhancing the spiritual care competencies of orthopedic nurses. The hospital's ethical climate not only has a direct and positive impact on spiritual care competence but also indirectly influences it through the lens of nurses' spiritual care perspectives and professional identity assessments. Hospital administrators may wish to consider strategies for bolstering the hospital's ethical climate, fostering a deeper spiritual care perspective and heightened professional identity among nurses, and ultimately improving their spiritual care competence.

How Perceived Child-Friendly Communities Alleviate Adolescents' Psychological Reactance.

When children enter adolescence, their personality traits easily give rise to psychological reactance (PR). PR involves a desire for autonomy and independence, as well as an aversion to parental and social rules and restrictions. Factors that influence PR include physiological, familial, and social aspects. However, most studies on adolescent noncompliance have primarily focused on rebellious behavior. Little research has examined motivational state reactance, although its interaction with environmental perception can significantly affect adolescents' lives. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the perceived friendliness of the community environment and cognitive processing at different quality of life (QoL) levels in relation to PR among adolescents. Propensity score matching was performed on a sample of 3546 adolescents, collected in Sanya, China. The results show that child-friendly communities (CFCs) had a significantly negative impact on adolescents' PR levels. Additionally, QoL had a moderating effect, meaning that the higher the QoL, the stronger the role of a CFC in alleviating PR. In contrast to claims that PR is determined by temperament or character profiles, this study reveals the importance of environmental shaping through triadic reciprocal determinism and a focus on the key role of the community environment.

Path analysis of illness perception, medication beliefs, family support on inhaler adherence in elderly COPD patients: Based on triadic reciprocal determinism

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the pathways through which personal factors (demographic characteristics, illness perception, medication beliefs) and environmental factors (family support) influence adherence to inhaler therapy among Chinese elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) based on the triadic reciprocal determinism. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted from June 2022 to December 2023 using the Test of Adherence to Inhalers (TAI), the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ), the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) and the Family Support Scale to investigate 305 elderly COPD patients (mean age 70.96 years, 213 males) from the Department of Respiratory Medicine of a comprehensive hospital in Anhui, China mainland. Path analysis was performed using AMOS 22.0. ResultsPath analysis showed that illness perception, necessity beliefs, concerns beliefs and family support all had direct effects on inhaler adherence, while age had an indirect effect on adherence. Additionally, necessity beliefs and concerns beliefs exhibited significant mediating effects between illness perception and inhaler adherence. Family support respectively mediated the relationships between necessity beliefs, concerns beliefs and inhaler adherence. ConclusionA multidimensional approach targeting cognitive, belief and family factors holds promise for substantially improving inhaler adherence among elderly COPD populations. Practice ImplicationsThis study provided new perspectives for improving inhaler adherence in COPD patients. Healthcare providers should emphasize improving patients' illness perception and medication beliefs, considering the important impact of family support on inhaler adherence.

Public perceived efficacy of emergency infrastructure project: antecedents in a triadic reciprocal determinism

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the influencing factors of public perceived efficacy of emergency infrastructure projects based on the triadic interactive determinism, and analyze the relationship among these factors.Design/methodology/approachBased on the triadic interactive determinism, we explored the factors influencing public perceived efficacy of emergency infrastructure project and empirically verified the relationship among these factors and perceived efficacy by using data drawn from a questionnaire survey of 491 residents near Leishenshan Hospital, Jiangxia District, Wuhan, China.FindingsPrior experience, emotional response, personal expectation, public trust, context message and interactivity level, namely behavior, individual and environment, affect the perceived efficacy of public emergency infrastructure projects.Practical implicationsThe results offer an insight into public perceived efficacy of emergency infrastructure project from the perspective of antecedents in a triadic reciprocal determinism, which provides a reference basis for the sustainable development of the emergency infrastructure projects. This study also suggests valuable practical implications to government departments to improve the quality of administrative decision-making effectively.Originality/valueAlthough existing studies have found some influencing factors of public perceived efficacy in general infrastructure, there is still a lack of systematic carding and quantitative description of influencing factors of public perceived efficacy of emergency infrastructure projects. This study bridges this gap by exploring the determinants and their influencing relationship of public perceived efficacy especially for emergency infrastructure projects.

Paradoxical leadership and employee creativity: the roles of harmonious work passion and proactive personality

PurposeThe process of fostering and enhancing employee creativity (EC) is multifaceted and involves various challenges and contradictions, with paradoxical leadership (PL) playing a crucial role. However, previous research has neglected the importance of employee emotions, resulting in an incomplete understanding of the underlying mechanisms. To address this gap, this study draws upon the triadic reciprocal determinism of social cognitive theory to construct a moderated mediation model. The objective is to investigate the mediating role of harmonious work passion (HP) in the relationship between PL and EC. Furthermore, the study aims to explore the moderating effect of proactive personality (PP).Design/methodology/approachTwo surveys were carried out in eight enterprises situated in China. A total of 337 employees took part in the questionnaire survey to explore the correlation between PL, PP and HP. Additionally, 42 supervisors participated in evaluating the creativity of their subordinates. To test the proposed hypotheses, this study utilized hierarchical regression analysis on a sample of supervisor-subordinate pairs.FindingsParadoxical leadership is positively correlated with employee harmonious work passion. Harmonious work passion is positively correlated with employee creativity. Harmonious work passion plays a mediating role between paradoxical leadership and employee creativity. Proactive personality moderates the relationship between paradoxical leadership and harmonious work passion. Proactive personality moderates the indirect effect of harmonious work passion on the relationship between paradoxical leadership and employee creativity.Practical implicationsThe results of this study provide practical suggestions for improving EC. For example, organizations can select supervisors who exhibit PL qualities and enhance the training programs for leaders in the domain of paradoxical thinking. Furthermore, it is crucial for leaders to prioritize the development of employees' HP and to be attentive to the distinct individual variations present within their workforce.Originality/valueThis study enriches the research on the mediating and moderating mechanism between PL and EC and opens the black box from the perspective of emotion. Moreover, this research examines the boundary condition under which PL functions. The study reveals the interaction of environment, personality, cognition and emotion on creativity and provides a new perspective and empirical support for future research.

Self-efficacy Activation Factors: Analysis of Saudi English Language Learners' Self- Efficacious Discourse

This qualitative study aims at investigating Saudi English language learners' self-efficacy activation factors. Seventy-eight participants were recruited through random sampling wherein 46 belonged to English department, 20 belonged to Computer Science department, and 12 were enrolled in Business Management Diploma at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. Initially, classroom observation was carried out to identify the items for the unstructured questionnaire. Unstructured questionnaire and interviews were employed as the main data generation tools. Content analysis was employed to the participants' self-efficacious discourse derived from the data which revealed three main themes: 1) ideological beliefs activated learners’ self-efficacy; 2) good management of time improved language learning outcomes; and 3) teachers’ active role in engaging the learners in language practicing sessions and in LMS activated their self-efficacy. Bandura's triadic reciprocal determinism framework was incorporated in the analysis and discussion of the participants' discourse in relation to the emerged themes. The twofold analysis revealed learners' ideological beliefs as the main psychological factor; time management as the main personal factor; and learners' engagement in technologically assisted learning (LMS) as the main environmental factor that constituted learners' reciprocal determinism for achieving the language learning outcomes.

An FsQCA Exploration of Multiple Paths to Sales Performance: Evidence from China

ABSTRACT Purpose Sales performance is one of the critical roles in boosting firm performance, making motivating salespeople a concern for many managers. However, few existing studies on sales performance improvement from the holistic perspective exist. Based on triadic reciprocal determinism, this paper explores the combinations of the factors that may influence sales performance. Methodology/approach Based on matching questionnaires from 154 salespeople and their supervisors, this paper employs fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to delve into the inherent complexity of factors influencing sales performance. Findings The results revealed that a combination of personal (family motivation, challenge stress and hindrance stress), behavioral (adaptive selling behavior) and environmental factors (organizational innovation climate and business environment) determine sales performance. Specifically, three paths lead to high sales performance, and one path leads to non-high sales performance. Significantly, the path with an organizational innovation climate can explain high sales performance more effectively than other paths. Research implications This paper makes a valuable contribution to the literature on B2B sales literature by exploring triadic reciprocal determinism. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first fsQCA attempt to address sales performance based on Chinese samples. Practical implications This paper offers an essential basis for sales managers to plan sales strategies. The sales managers could refer to the three paths leading to high sales performance to achieve sales targets. Further, the one path leading to non-high sales performance should be avoided in strategy decision-making. Originality/value/contribution The paper examines different approaches to achieving high and non-high sales performance using the fsQCA method, which offers a unique and relevant perspective on B2B sales literature.

Effects of cyberbullying on the academic life of Ghanaian tertiary students

PurposeThis study aims to examine the effects of cyberbullying on the academic lives of Ghanaian university students. It also establishes whether cyberbullying victims, perpetrators, victim-perpetrators and bystanders differed in their thoughts on the effects of cyberbullying on students’ academic lives.Design/methodology/approachThis study is anchored on Bandura’s theory of triadic reciprocal determinism and Abraham Maslow’s theory of needs. This study uses a cross-sectional survey design and quantitative approach to collect the data from 1,374 students from three public universities. The authors use descriptive statistics and ANOVA techniques to analyse the data.FindingsThe results show that the effects of cyberbullying on academic life are difficulty concentrating on studies, difficulty studying in groups and difficulty assessing important academic information online. There is also a statistically significant difference among cyberbullying victims, perpetrators, victim-perpetrators and bystanders in their thoughts on the effects of cyberbullying on students’ academic lives.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the literature on cyberbullying in the Ghanaian tertiary education environment. Even though the impact of cyberbullying on academics in Ghanaian universities may seem minimal, it is still imperative that it be checked, as it is significant enough to disrupt effective academic work. Thus, this study adds to the existing literature on cyberbullying from a developing country perspective.

How Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Promotes Part-Time Entrepreneurial Behavior: The Moderating Role of Entrepreneurial Resources

With the convergence of China’s “entrepreneurial society” and the “digital age,” part-time entrepreneurial behavior (PEB) has received widespread attention as a new form of labor relations and entrepreneurial paths. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) is an important indicator of entrepreneurs’ confidence in their skills and in coping with uncertain entrepreneurial challenges. However, studies on how ESE affects different types of PEB have not been thoroughly carried out. To fill the existing research gap, the primary objective of this paper is to thoroughly investigate the individual impact of three key factors, namely organizational management self-efficacy (OMSE), opportunity development self-efficacy (ODSE), and risk-taking self-efficacy (RTSE), on economic profit-driven part-time entrepreneurial behavior (EPEB) and self-value-driven part-time entrepreneurial behavior (SPEB), respectively. Based on the “cognition-environment-behavior” logic of triadic reciprocal determinism, this study also aims to examine the moderating effect of entrepreneurial resources (ERs) and attempt to understand how external factors regulate internal factors (OMSE, ODSE, and RTSE) to form the results of EPEB and SPEB. This study adopted a quantitative research approach with a questionnaire survey, taking 457 part-time entrepreneurs in 11 major cities as subjects. The main results show that (1) OMSE and ODSE have a positive effect on EPEB, while RTSE has an inverted U-shaped effect on it; (2) ODSE and RTSE have a positive effect on SPEB, and OMSE has an inverted U-shaped effect on it; and (3) ERs play a positive moderating role in the above processes. The results can not only effectively guide part-time entrepreneurs in PEB but also provide a reference for the government to improve part-time entrepreneurship policies.

Tale of the tape: psychometric investigation of two popular teacher self-efficacy scales

ABSTRACT This study compares the psychometric properties of two popular teacher self-efficacy scales, namely, Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) and Teacher Efficacy Scale (TES). This study was quantitative in nature and distributed the two scales to 287 preservice teachers in the USA and in Australia. Findings indicate that the two scales function well and show linear measurement properties after Rasch optimization. However, the TES’s factor of general teacher efficacy was found to have very low reliability. Regression analyses indicated a significant positive relationship between the Student Engagement subscale of TSES and TES. There is a limited relationship between the two popular scales that have been used for decades. Therefore, we argue for the need for a new scale that will reflect all components of Bandura’s Triadic Reciprocal Determinism.

How mumpreneurs achieve high entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and development: Evidence from China

There is a noticeable dearth of specific research focusing on female entrepreneurship, particularly concerning women with young children who play a crucial role in developing countries and exhibit higher levels of entrepreneurship compared to those without children. This study investigates the factors influencing entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and development (EORD) among Chinese mumpreneurs within the framework of the triadic reciprocal determinism theory. By employing a combination of multiple regression analysis, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, and necessary condition analysis, this study identifies the antecedent conditions that are both sufficient and necessary for recognising and developing an entrepreneurial opportunity. The findings indicate that innovativeness, network capability, social support, family interference with entrepreneurship, and digital entrepreneurship exert significant influences on the EORD process, and can be categorised into three distinct high EORD pathways. Notably, innovativeness emerges as a crucial factor in this process. Additionally, for mumpreneurs, the contextual factors embedded in the social structure must not be disregarded. Particularly within the traditional social division of labour system, society exerts a rigid impact on mumpreneurs, and the substantial familial responsibilities they bear also present challenges. However, amidst this predicament, digital technology creates new possibilities for them.

The Influence of Decision-Making Logic on Employees' Innovative Behaviour: The Mediating Role of Positive Error Orientation and the Moderating Role of Environmental Dynamics.

The derivation of employees' innovative behaviour is a complex multi-stage process influenced by decision logic. However, previous research on the relationship between the two has not been comprehensive without considering the individual level of employees, and the mechanism of action between the two is still unclear. Based on the behavioral decision theory, the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions and triadic reciprocal determinism. This study investigates the mediating effects of positive error orientation between decision-making logic and employees' innovative behavior, and the moderating effects of environmental dynamics between decision-making logic and employees' innovative behavior, focusing on the individual level. The questionnaire data was obtained from 403 employees randomly selected from 100 companies in Nanchang, China, in various industries such as manufacturing, transportation, storage and postal services, trade, and wholesale and retail trade. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. Effectual logic had a significantly positive impact on employees' innovative behavior. The direct effect of causal logic on employees' innovative behavior was not significant, but the total effect was significantly positive. Positive error orientation played a mediating role between both types of decision-making logic and employees' innovative behavior. Moreover, environmental dynamics played a negative moderating role between effectual logic and employees' innovative behavior. This study expands the application of behavioral decision theory, the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions and triadic reciprocal determinism in employees' innovative behaviour, enriches the research on the mediating and moderating mechanism between employees' decision-making logic and innovative behaviour, and provides a new research perspective and empirical support for subsequent related research. The results of this study provide practical suggestions for promoting employees' innovative behaviour. For example, employees need to cultivate logical thinking, train their decision-making ability, form a positive error orientation, and objectively assess the external environment.

Violence on the front line: a qualitative comparative analysis of the causes of patient violence towards medical staff in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.

COVID-19, reduced funding and a shortage of healthcare workers has led to growing international concern about patient violence towards medical staff in medical settings. As the number of reported physical and verbal assaults increases, many medical staff are considering leaving their positions due to the resulting impact on their mental and physical wellbeing, creating a critical need to understand the causes for violence towards medical staff working on the front line. This study aims to examine the causes for patient violence towards medical staff in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. A case library was created containing twenty reported incidents of patient violence towards medical staff during the pandemic in China. Based on the Triadic Reciprocal Determinism (TRD) theory, we identify the personal, environmental, and behavioral factors, that cause incidents of violence towards medical staff. The outcome was set as 'Medical Staff Casualties', referring to whether, due to the violence experienced, the medical staff member was injured or died, or only experienced threatening or insulting behavior. Data was analyzed using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to clarify the relationship between the different conditions and their relationship with the outcome. The study's results reveal that Relationship Closeness is a necessary condition for patient violence in the presence of outcome. Secondly, four distinct types of causes for patient violence towards medical staff were identified: Strong Relationship Oriented Violence, Healthcare Resources and Services Mismatched Violence, Violence caused by Ineffective Patient-Physician Communication, and Ineffective Communication Superimposed Low Patient Compliance Violence. Scientific guidance is provided for the creation of measures to prevent future violence towards medical staff from occurring. Strict precautions should be taken for preventing violence to protect a healthy society and harmonious medical environment, emphasizing the need for joint governance of multiple participants.

Strengthening The Sense of Patriotism in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, Indonesia Based on The Islamic Boarding School System

This is a new study that shows how the process of strengthening patriotism in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, based on Pondok Pesantren Al-Azhar Menganti Gresik, is being carried out. The significance of this study can be seen in various issues concerning patriotism education for good citizens in countries such as Singapore, Japan, and Belgium. The researcher used a qualitative research method with a case study approach, in-depth interviews, and comprehensive analysis through condensation data, data display, and conclusions to arrive at the conclusion that Madrasah Ibtidaiyah's process of strengthening patriotism can shape students' personalities through several programmes. Parents and the madrasah worked together. According to Albert Bandura's triadic reciprocal determinism social learning theory, all elements play a reciprocal role in the process of strengthening the patriotism personality in students.

PREPARING THE NURSING WORKFORCE TO CARE FOR OLDER ADULTS IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Abstract Nurses entering the workforce may have limited education in gerontological nursing. Therefore, many nurses are unprepared to provide quality care to older adults. An unprepared nursing workforce could negatively influence older adults’ health outcomes. This study aimed to determine differences in senior nursing students’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceived competency about older adults based on enrollment in a bachelor of science in nursing degree (BSN), associate’s degree nursing (ADN), and practical nursing (PN) program that offers geriatric content in curricula. Albert Bandura’s social cognitive, triadic reciprocal determinism model provided the theoretical framework to underpin this research study. A non-experimental, descriptive survey design included a convenience sample of students enrolled in a BSN, ASN, and PN program. A total of 178 students participated in the study. Palmore Facts on Aging Quiz 2, Kogan’s Attitudes Toward Old People Scale, and the Hartford Geriatric Nurse Competency tool was used to collect data. From the results, it is clear that students enrolled in BSN, ADN, and PN programs demonstrated limited knowledge about facts on aging. Students’ attitudes toward older adults were positive, and a correlation was found between knowledge and attitudes. Students perceived competency about older adults was high but purely subjective. Students’ preference to work with older adults post-graduation in the PN group was higher than students in the BSN and ADN groups. These findings underscore the need to systematically design an evidence-based curriculum inclusive of geriatric content across (BSN, ADN, and PN) programs to prepare the nursing workforce to care for older adults.

Bandura’s Triadic Reciprocal Determinism model and teacher self-efficacy scales: a revisit

ABSTRACT This study aimed to reignite the discussion of the elusive concept of teacher self-efficacy through the lens of Bandura’s social cognitive theory and more specifically the Triadic Reciprocal Determinism model. It examined two commonly used teacher self-efficacy scales that were distributed to 154 Australian preservice teachers. Findings show that unfortunately the current scales do not fully capture the teacher self-efficacy construct; they generally assess one’s personal factors and the impact that they can have on teacher behavior, but very loosely try to capture the impact that the environment can have on one’s personal beliefs. Therefore, the results suggest that a new scale is needed in order to assess the reciprocated effects and understanding of teacher self-efficacy if it is to fully capture the elusive underpinning within the conceptual triadic reciprocal deterministic manner, which it should if it is to be fully understood and applied within the context of teaching.

A Social Cognitive Theory Approach to Understanding Parental Attitudes and Intentions to Vaccinate Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine represents a path towards global health after a worldwide pandemic. Yet, the U.S. response to the vaccination rollout has been politically polarized. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the contextual factors that influence parents' attitudes towards health officials and their intention to vaccinate children, focusing on communication behaviors, personal factors, and geographic locations. We use Bandura's triadic reciprocal determinism (TRD) model which posits reciprocal influence between personal factors, environmental factors, and behaviors. We found that personal factors (having younger children and identifying as Republican partisans), and the behavioral factor of conservative news use were significantly related to more negative attitudes towards health officials and lower vaccination intentions. Conversely, Democrats and liberal news use were significantly related to warmer attitudes and greater vaccination intentions. The environmental factor of geographic location across four states with different partisan dynamics was not significantly related to attitudes and behavioral intentions. Results from a post-hoc analysis show that news media use and partisanship were the strongest correlates of parents' attitudes towards health officials. This evidence points to the politicization of the COVID-19 vaccine being a key consideration regarding vaccine uptake.

Triadic Reciprocal Determinism and Rational Choice Theory: A Case Study of Rohingya Refugee

Background: The similarities among the refugee looks like a phenomenon that needs further research. Those theories are a part of behaviorism and the decision-making approach. It can be used to predict alternatives choice and also which alternatives the actor or agent will determine. Aim: This study tries to analyze the behavior of Rohingya refugees with triadic reciprocal determinism and rational choice theory. It also profoundly concerns how the decision to act adopted by refugees is almost similar, whether in steps or goals. Method: This research uses a qualitative approach and sources from journals, articles, and interviews from online news. All the data sources will be analyzed with the theory already mentioned above. Findings: While Rohingya get safe and are placed in a temporary camp, some flee and do not want to wait for status determination. They have similar goals and behaviors that guide them to choose better alternatives. Being smuggled by a third party is one of the rational choices they make. That choice is determined based on behavior that constructs their rationale. Factors in triadic reciprocal determinism are also related to alternatives choice that they make, which is part of the social cognitive process.