Trend Of Various Types Research Articles

Research on Game-Theoretic Supply Chain Optimisation Strategies Based on Multiple Linear Regression and BP-PSO Combined Time Series Analysis

Vegetable commodities have a short cycle, and supermarkets generally replenish goods based on historical sales and demand for each commodity. Vegetable commodities are different from other commodities with relatively stable supply chain planning and market environment, so the automatic pricing and replenishment decisions of fresh food superstores on commodities are of great significance. This paper focuses on the problem of commodity pricing and replenishment strategy. Firstly, through multiple linear analysis regression analysis, the relationship between total quantity and cost plus pricing, fit a one-dimensional linear fitting equation, and visualise the correlation between sales price and total quantity, secondly, observe the trend of various types of vegetables through matlab time-series analysis, establish BP neural network prediction model, predict the total quantity of sales and total quantity of replenishment in the coming week, and formulate the commodity pricing and replenishment strategy using Linear programming to establish the optimization model, verify the feasibility of the model, the parameter normality test and residual test and visual inspection error, analyse the parameter significance, use BP neural network to test the fitting effect. The results of the study, based on the game theory of supply chain replenishment and pricing strategy to establish a mathematical model.

A study on the 10-year trend of surgeries performed for lumbar disc herniation and comparative analysis of prescribed opioid analgesics and hospitalization duration: 2010–2019 HIRA NPS Data

BackgroundThis study, utilizing the claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service of Korea, aimed to examine the 10-year (2010–2019) trends in various types of lumbar spine surgeries performed on patients diagnosed with lumbar herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD), and the current status of opioid prescriptions, as well as the duration of postoperative hospital stays based on the type of surgery performed.MethodThis retrospective cross-sectional study examined patients with one or more national health insurance claims carrying a primary or secondary diagnosis of HIVD (ICD-10 codes: M511, M518, M519) over a 10-year period (2010–2019). From the patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery, we selected those who did not require reoperation within 30 days following the initial lumbar surgery. Our final study sample comprised patients who underwent only one type of surgery.ResultsAmong the patients diagnosed with HIVD and subsequently undergoing lumbar surgery between 2010 and 2019, a slight downward trend was observed in those undergoing open discectomy (OD); however, OD persistently accounted for the highest proportion over the 10 years. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) demonstrated a consistent upward trend from 2016 to 2018. When inspecting trends, we noted a consistent escalation over the decade in the postoperative opioid prescription rates of strong opioids (50.7% in 2010 to 77.8% in 2019) and tramadol (50.9% in 2010 to 76.8% in 2019). Analyzing these trends by surgery type, spinal fusion exhibited a slightly higher rate of opioid prescriptions than other lumbar surgeries. Regarding the length of postoperative hospital stays, patients undergoing PELD recorded the shortest stay (7.04 ± 6.78 days), while spinal fusion necessitated the longest (20.14 ± 12.18 days).ConclusionThis study analyzed the trends in types of lumbar spine surgeries, opioid analgesic prescriptions, and length of hospital stays over 10 years (2010–2019) among patients with HIVD in Korea. Our data and findings provide valuable evidence that may prove beneficial for clinicians and researchers involved in HIVD-related practices.

Changing content plan structure of companies operating in Russia and represented on VK

The article identifies six main types of content: communication, entertainment, situational, news, sales, and reputation. The study analyzes changes in content plan structure of companies providing various categories of consumer goods in 2022. The reviewed companies operate in Russia, have official accounts VK and actively interact with users. These companies’ activity on VK has been reviewed and analyzed and trends in various types of content placement considered. The regularities in companies’ content plan change and types of prevailing content for 2022 have been highlighted. The article concludes that Russian companies are facing a serious challenge related to the vacated market niches due to a number of foreign brands market withdrawal. Companies that change their content plan in the direction of active interaction with users and effective use of available social network opportunities will have a clear advantage over those ones that continue to focus their efforts on Western resources, access to which is significantly hindered, and advertising placement and use of paid promotion tools are illegal.

Prediction of Social Dynamic Agents and Long-Tailed Learning Challenges: A Survey

Autonomous robots that can perform common tasks like driving, surveillance, and chores have the biggest potential for impact due to frequency of usage, and the biggest potential for risk due to direct interaction with humans. These tasks take place in openended environments where humans socially interact and pursue their goals in complex and diverse ways. To operate in such environments, such systems must predict this behaviour, especially when the behavior is unexpected and potentially dangerous. Therefore, we summarize trends in various types of tasks, modeling methods, datasets, and social interaction modules aimed at predicting the future location of dynamic, socially interactive agents. Furthermore, we describe long-tailed learning techniques from classification and regression problems that can be applied to prediction problems. To our knowledge this is the first work that reviews social interaction modeling within prediction, and long-tailed learning techniques within regression and prediction.

Indications and types of keratoplasties: Trends in the past 10 years (2011-2020) in Eastern India.

To observe the trends of various types of keratoplasties in different etiologies over a period of 10 years (2011-2020) in a tertiary eye care center of eastern India. A retrospective review of patients undergoing keratoplasties from 2011 to 2020 was performed in a tertiary eye care hospital situated in eastern part of India. Apart from demographic data, primary indication for each surgery and type of procedure carried out was recorded. For comparison, data were divided into two time periods: Group I: Jan 2011 to Dec 2015 and Group II: Jan 2016 to Dec 2020. Over a period of 10 years, a total of 2365 (Group I: 902, Group II: 1463) keratoplasties were performed. The average age of patients was 45.8 ± 19.9 and 46.9 ± 20.9 years in Group I and Group II, respectively. Among all the corneal grafts, 1747 (74%) surgeries were full-thickness. Although optical penetrating keratoplasty (OPK) was most the common indication for full-thickness keratoplasties, Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) remained most performed lamellar keratoplasty. Keratitis, corneal scars, and bullous keratopathies remain to be most common indications in both groups. Number of lamellar keratoplasties increased significantly from Group I to Group II for corneal scars (P = 0.02), bullous keratopathies (P = 0.01), and endothelial dystrophies (P = 0.00). With change in time, the indication and technique of keratoplasty has witnessed a changing trend from full-thickness keratoplasty to lamellar keratoplasty. There is rise in trend of lamellar keratoplasties over the period.

Analysis of changing trend of water resources and water environment quality in china from 2009 to 2019

Based on the statistical analysis of China Water Resources Bulletin, China environmental situation Bulletin and national environmental statistics yearbook during 2008-2019, we summarized the water resources and water environment quality of seven major basins, and the proportion, main pollutants and change trend of various types of water quality are discussed. Meanwhile, wastewater discharge and pollution discharge are also analyzed. The results show that in the recent years, the overall water environment quality in China is improving, but the overall water environment quality is still not optimistic. Water resources are not only the basis for human survival and development, but also a strategic resource for the development of the national economy. According to the <<World Water Development Report 2018>> issued by the United Nations, the current global water demand is increasing at a rate of 1% per year. This demand will continue to increase, and my country's water resources are even scarcer, and the per capita consumption is only 1/4 of the global average. In the face of this situation, understanding the state and changing trends of my country's water resources and water environment, and putting forward targeted resource conservation and pollution control measures are of great significance to alleviating the problem of my country's water shortage.

Prediction of complex public opinion evolution based on improved multi-objective grey wolf optimizer

In an emergency, predicting the evolution trends of network public opinion is of great significance for governments to manage the situation and associated social public opinion trends. Most of the existing public opinion prediction models have the disadvantages of long time consumption, limited types of predicted public opinion categories and low-accuracy prediction results. To improve the ability to predict the evolutionary trend of complex public opinion, an improved multiobjective gray wolf optimizer (IMOGWO) is proposed. IMOGWO uses logistic and Lotka-Volterra models to initialize the wolf population and improve the population validity; it designs a nonlinear function to adjust the population update factor to improve the exploration and exploitation ability and the local search ability of the wolf population; and it introduces the elite retention policy and a Pareto-optimal solution set to achieve multiple objectives using the principle of a nondominated solution set. In simulation experiments, various network emergencies were taken as empirical analysis cases. The experimental results show that the improved multiobjective GWO has good accuracy and universality on complex public opinion evolution prediction and can better predict the evolution trends of various types of complex public opinion than other tested methods.

APCI: An R and Stata Package for Visualizing and Analyzing Age-Period-Cohort Data.

Social scientists have frequently attempted to assess the relative contribution of age, period, and cohort variables to the overall trend in an outcome. We develop an R package APCI (and Stata command apci) to implement the age-period-cohort-interaction (APC-I) model for estimating and testing age, period, and cohort patterns in various types of outcomes for pooled cross-sectional data and multi-cohort panel data. Package APCI also provides a set of functions for visualizing the data and modeling results. We demonstrate the usage of package APCI with empirical data from the Current Population Survey. We show that package APCI provides useful visualization and analytical tools for understanding age, period, and cohort trends in various types of outcomes.

Security Trend and Trust in India's E-Governance Framework

In an e-governance framework, the end user frequently falls victim to the digital divide and a lack of required knowledge regarding self-protection against cyber-attacks. The purpose of this research is to examine the threats to the e-governance framework, end users' trust in the security of e-governance applications, and end users' security behaviour on the Internet. Additionally, the research forecasts future trends in various types of security attacks in India. To forecast future trends in various types of security attacks in India, historical data from the CERT-in annual report is gathered (2006 to 2020). To forecast future trends, the AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) is applied to the collected data. Additionally, an anonymous survey of 1,000 end users was conducted to ascertain end users' trust in the security of e-governance applications and some end users' security behaviour on the Internet. The research concludes that five of the six attack categories identified by CERT-in will see a consistent increase in the next five years.

Mediating Role of Inhibition Control in the Relationship Between Age and Memory Changes Throughout Adulthood: An Aging Developmental Study in Iran.

This study aimed to investigate the age trends in various types of memory, including priming, working memory (WM), episodic memory (EM), and semantic memory (SM) from adulthood to old age, as well as the mediating role of inhibition control (IC) in the relationship between age and memory. A total of 796 healthy adults aged between 25 and 83 years participated in this cross-sectional study. They underwent assessment using a comprehensive battery of memory tests (adapted from the Betula battery), digit span tasks (to measure WM), and the Stroop color-word test (to measure IC). The scatter plot with locally estimated scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) fitting line showed EM and WM declined steadily from age 25, while SM exhibited a mild increase up to age 55 followed by a decline. Priming did not show significant changes with age. Mediation analysis and bootstrap tests indicated that IC mediated the relationship between age and EM (β=-0.097, P=0.002) and between age and SM (β=-0.086, P=0.001). Our results showed that age affects various types of memory differently, and inhibition control plays a fundamental mediating role in explaining age-related declines in SM and EM.

Advanced metal and carbon nanostructures for medical, drug delivery and bio-imaging applications.

Nanoparticles (NPs) offer great promise for biomedical, environmental, and clinical applications due to their several unique properties as compared to their bulk counterparts. In this review article, we overview various types of metal NPs and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in monolithic form as well as embedded into polymer matrices for specific drug delivery and bio-imaging fields. The second part of this review covers important carbon nanostructures that have gained tremendous attention recently in such medical applications due to their ease of fabrication, excellent biocompatibility, and biodegradability at both cellular and molecular levels for phototherapy, radio-therapeutics, gene-delivery, and biotherapeutics. Furthermore, various applications and challenges involved in the use of NPs as biomaterials are also discussed following the future perspectives of the use of NPs in biomedicine. This review aims to contribute to the applications of different NPs in medicine and healthcare that may open up new avenues to encourage wider research opportunities across various disciplines.

Exfoliative cytology of different body fluids- an important aid to primary diagnosis

Cytological examination of exfoliated cells in various effusion fluids is very challenging and of paramount importance for early diagnosis and management of various pathological processes. It is of utmost significance in identifying malignant cells and hence throws light on the cause, staging and prognosis of cancer. This study was carried out to know the different trends of various types of effusions for various pathological processes with an emphasis on malignant effusion in a tertiary care centre. Retrospective, analytical, observational study done over a period of one year from January 2019 to December 2019. A total of 418 cases including peritoneal and pleural and cerebrospinal fluid and urine were analyzed. Samples were centrifuged for five minutes at 2000 rpm and smears prepared from deposit were stained by Papanicolaou (PAP) and May-Grunwald- Giemsa (MGG) stains. Out of 418, 221 were peritoneal effusions, 172 were pleural, 20 cerebrospinal fluids and 5 urine. Out of 221 cases of peritoneal effusions, 144 were non neoplastic and 61 were malignant effusion. Out of total 172 pleural effusions 139 were non neoplastic and 27 neoplastic. Commonest malignancy in peritoneal and pleural fluid was adenocarcinoma from ovary and lung respectively. Cytological evaluation of various fluids is simple, rapid, inexpensive and less invasive tool with high accuracy and thereby reducing the need for invasive investigations. It is especially helpful in evaluating and staging malignancies thereby guiding the clinician in further management.

Методы разработки рекомендаций для повышения защищенности информационных систем

With the advent of information technologies, information systems have been widely used in organizations and enterprises. The use of information systems allows optimizing the workforce, automating all or part of business processes. However, the use of information systems requires the development of an information security system to minimize malicious attacks. To reduce the likelihood of malicious attacks, there are a large number of software and hardware-based information security tools. The complexity of computing the distribution of the components of information systems complicates the process of creating and configuring protection systems, the number of threats to security are increasing every year. For a timely response to information security incidents, including attacks, it is necessary to use information system security assessment tools to reduce the risks of security breaches. InfoWath statistics show the growth trend of various types of attacks, both from an external attacker and from an internal one. Therefore, one of the most important tasks is to correctly determine the security of information systems. The paper implements a mathematical model for assessing the security of an information system based on the selected methods. The architecture of the software package for assessing the security of the information system is formed.

Recent Trends in Various Types of Obesity Among Children and Adolescents in Shandong, China

Background: Childhood obesity has increased dramatically during the past decades. The present study examined the trends in various types of obesity among children and adolescents in Shandong, China from 2010 to 2019. Methods: Data for this study were obtained from two large cross-sectional surveys on students’ constitution and health carried out in 2010 and 2019. A total of 76 640 (38 822 in 2010 and 37 818 in 2019) students aged 7–17 years were included in this study. The body mass index (BMI) cut-offs recommended by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) were used to define general obesity. Central obesity was defined as waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) ≥0.5. Both BMI and WHtR were used to define three types of obesity as follows: general obesity only, central obesity only and combined obesity. Results: An increasing trend was observed in general obesity only, central obesity only and combined obesity between 2010 and 2019 (P<0.01), the total prevalence of the three types of obesity has reached 25.19% for boys and 15.77% for girls in 2019. Boys and children (aged 7-12 years) had higher prevalence of obesity than girls and adolescents (aged 13-17 years), respectively (P<0.01). Profiles of obesity subtypes had an obvious change, the proportion of combined obesity increased from 40.91% and 28.30% in 2010 to 49.32% and 35.22% in 2019 for boys and girls (P<0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents had rapid increase over the past 9 years, healthy lifestyle education and program interventions are necessary. Funding Statement: This study was supported by the medical and health programme of Shandong, China (2014WS0376). Surveys on students’ constitution and health are conducted under the auspices of the Department of Education in Shandong Province, China. Declaration of Interests: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Ethics Approval Statement: The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong, China.

Incidence and seasonality of major ocular trauma: a nationwide population-based study

We designed this study to identify the epidemiological characteristics and trends of various types of ocular trauma in the population of the Republic of Korea. We conducted a nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional study using the Korean National Health Insurance claims database for January 2010 to December 2018. We compiled the monthly numbers of patients diagnosed with hyphema and those who received open reduction surgery due to orbital blowout fracture (BOF), primary closure of the cornea or sclera (PCCS), or intraocular foreign body (IOFB) removal. We obtained annual and monthly incidence rates, and differences according to age, sex, yearly trends, and seasonal variations. The incidence rate (per 100,000 person-years) was high in the order of hyphema (18.43), BOF (11.58), PCCS (1.99) and IOFB removal (0.39). Male predominance was evident in all types of major ocular trauma, but the age distribution varied with the type: hyphemas were most prevalent at 10–14 years of age, BOFs at 25–29 years of age, and open globe injuries (OGIs) at age 60 and older. Although all types of trauma showed significant seasonality, hyphemas (amplitude: 174.81) and BOFs (23.17) showed higher amplitudes compared to OGIs (PCCS: 11.96; IOFB removal: 6.72). While the incidence of blunt trauma injuries, including hyphemas and orbital BOFs, decreased steadily from 2010 to 2018, that of OGIs showed no remarkable change.

The Investment and Construction Activities Transformation at the Modern Development Stage of Russia

Global changes related to demographic and migration processes, technological revolution, anthropological shifts call for quality changes in the capital fund structure. Their qualities, purpose of uses, location and other aspects are determined by the readiness of the investment and construction activities to solve crucial issues in the country’s social and economic development. It requires the transformation in the investment and construction activities. The methodology. Taking into account the country’s economic condition, the project approach to development will affect all the industries and spheres of the national economy. The necessity of applying systemic, structural and projective methods for investment and construction activities analysis is being updated. Systemic and dynamic modelling of evolutionary trends in various types of construction activities will require the development of ways to bring them into mutual conformity, as well as the adoption of approaches for the territorial localization implementation, which together will make it possible to give methodological tools an expedient nature, as well as justify not only “points of increase”, but also the negative trends’ “break points”. The results and their discussion. The debatable perspective for specification of goals and measures for the construction development currently mainly deals with housing development sector, the creation of the environmental amenity, relocating the citizens from the failing housing stock, as well as digitalization. Particular types of the construction activities, infrastructure construction, and organizational, economic, technical and technological aspects of the investment and construction activities are still left beyond the scope of the National Projects and Development Programs. The conclusions. Following the established line of research, the development of new objectively sought-after investment and construction activities characteristics shall provide for its target mode and give national economy capital funds development the sustainable anti-crisis nature.

Cancer site distribution in district hospital in central India.

e13627 Background: Many state governments have started district cancer care program to offer cancer services in district general hospitals. These places are most frequented by every level of population. The access is free, close to their residence and has an equitable atmosphere. The program created de-facto registry of local cancer patients. We, here analyze trends of various types of cancer in one such hospital of central India. Methods: All patients reporting to this unit for various support in cancer are registered with unique id. The registry takes their local residential details and details of the medical history related to cancer. They are offered support all through their journey of cancer from diagnostics to end of life care, palliative care. Data of 2014-2019 are analysed from District Ujjain in central India. Results: Total of 3562 patients were registered with proven diagnosis of cancer. There were 1805 male (50.7%) and 1757 females (49.3%.In female group age varied between 2to 97 years, with a mean of 51.41 and median age of 50 years. In male group,the age ranged between 1 to 92, with mean age of 53.46 and median of 55 years. The five commonest cancer amongst female included breast, head and neck, ovary, cervix and lung. In males the commonest five were-Head and neck, lung, prostate, oesophagus and colo-rectal (Table). The group of head and neck cancer include all sites of the head and neck area together. Conclusions: The pattern of cancer in districts is giving new geopathological information. It is clear that tobacco related cancer predominates in male and female both, but breast cancer is number one even in a relatively rural area. In female ovary is increasing and cervix is coming down compared to national data.In view of governments putting in extensive pressure on early detection schemes in India,this data is extremely important. Based on these realistic data, the strategy may be changed for the district. [Table: see text]

Sharing Economic Policy Orientation and Policy Implementation Resistance in China

To study the establishment of the sharing economy system in China more effectively and accurately, this paper systematically sorted out the development of sharing economy in many areas such as knowledge and skills, transportation, housing, and Internet crowdfunding, and summarized the progress of China's sharing economy policy. On this basis, the development direction of this field was emphasized. This paper pointed out: 1) The development of sharing economy in various fields has the commonalities and also has its individuality in specific fields. 2) Due to the lag of the existing government policy, it cannot play a good role in monitoring and restricting the sharing economy mode in the future. For sharing economy to become regulated, orderly, sustainable and healthy, relevant government departments need to formulate targeted sharing economy policies based on the development status and future trends of various types of sharing economy modes in various regions. 3) During the development process of China's sharing economy, there are problems such as lack of social integrity, incomplete legal coverage, and personal information security, which has hindered the implementation of government policies. To solve these problems, laws and regulations with local characteristics in accordance with the specific conditions of each region should be introduced. At the same time, individuals, social groups, and sharing platforms must abide by relevant laws and regulations to help sharing economy together. This paper thereby lays a foundation for the development of sharing economy in China.

Implementasi Metode CHAID (Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection) pada Segmentasi Trend Penjualan Minuman Ringan di Indonesia

Saat ini beberapa outlet mengevaluasi produknya dengan melihat trend penjualan berbagai jenis minuman ringan selama periode tertentu untuk menyusun strategi pemasaran yang efektif. Metode CHAID (Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection) merupakan salah satu metode statistika non-parametrik yang efisien untuk melakukan pengklasifikasian terhadap aspek-aspek apa saja yang dapat meningkatkan penjualan minuman ringan tersebut. CHAID memilih peubah-peubah yang signifikan berdasarkan uji Khi-Kuadrat antara kategori-kategori peubah penjelas dengan kategori-kategori peubah respon berskala nominal atau ordinal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikikasikan karakteristik yang menjadi penciri keragaman dan menentukan target pasar yang mampu memaksimumkan keuntungan pada trend penjualan berbagai jenis minuman ringan dengan menggunakan metode CHAID. Hasil dari CHAID berupa diagram pohon berdasarkan segmen dari peubah penjelas yang berasosiasi terhadap peubah respon menjadi informasi yang lebih mudah dimengerti. Penelitian ini menghasilkan 11 dari 20 segmen yang dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam menentukan target pasar terhadap peningkatan trend penjualan minuman ringan yang tersebar di kota-kota besar di Indonesia. Segmen yang terbentuk berasal dari 4 peubah penjelas yaitu persebaran kota, tipe outlet, sumber pembelian, dan metode pembayaran dengan akurasi segmentasi sebesar 71.4%.

Epidemiology and Trends of Weightlifting-Related Sprains and Strains that Presented to Emergency Departments in the United States.

Despite potential health benefits of weightlifting and physical activity, individuals can suffer from a number of musculoskeletal injuries. This study aimed to: (i) compare incidence and annual trends of different weightlifting injury types presenting to emergency departments in the United States and (ii) identify frequency and annual trends of weightlifting-related sprains and strains to each body part. The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System was queried to identify all weightlifting-related injuries from 2010-2016. Incidence and annual trends of various types of weightlifting-related injuries were compared during the study period. Furthermore, frequency and annual trends of weightlifting-related sprains and strains to different body parts were assessed. The weighted estimated annual incidence of weightlifting-related injuries significantly increased from 86,910 in 2010 to 109,961 in 2016 (R2 = 3.382; p = 0.01). The most common weightlifting-related sprains and strains involved the lower trunk (29.4%), shoulder (22.6%), upper trunk (17.3%), neck (6.5%), upper arm (5.6%), wrist (4.8%), knee (3.4%), and elbow (2.6%). There was a significant increase in the frequency and trends of sprains and strains that involved the lower trunk (R2 = 0.631; p = 0.033). Weightlifting-related injuries have increased, of which sprains and strains were the most common. Additionally, the most commonly affected body part was the lower trunk. Further studies are needed to determine the etiologies of weightlifting-related lower trunk sprains/strains. This study may be beneficial to weightlifters, highlighting common injury types, thereby allowing them to take preventative measures.