Urban Development Trends Research Articles

Examining urban development trends and characteristics: future of public transportation in greater bandung

This article investigates the urban development trends and characteristics of Greater Bandung, Indonesia, with the goal of projecting the future urban landscape and proposing government actions. The study analyzes the existing situation of urban development in the region by utilizing government regulations, statutes, and planning documents, including designs. The findings provide a complete knowledge of how Greater Bandung’s urban landscape is anticipated to grow and highlight significant areas that require attention. The analysis identifies significant inadequacies in transportation infrastructure and underlines the need for government intervention to remedy these deficiencies by reviewing existing policies and plans. Transportation modelling was employed to give validation and sense in numerical sense of travel volumes in the roads of Bandung, helping to form a concise recommendation. The article will be useful for policymakers, urban planners, and stakeholders interested in the future development of Public Transportation in Greater Bandung. These recommendations encompass transit hubs and corridors suggestions to accommodate future growth of the city and its surrounding areas. The result of the study analysis shows that the development of the Greater Bandung Area can be done by prioritizing 7 (seven) main points of interest which are translated into 9 (nine) nodes. These nodes can be connected into 2 (two) main corridors as the backbone and 21 feeder corridors.

Science, technology and innovation driving urban land use and urban planning development: policy and practice

Abstract In an era where science, technology, and innovation are key drivers of urban transformation, this research addresses the critical influences of policy and practice on urban planning and land utilization, proposing efficacious planning strategies to navigate emerging challenges. The study offers a comprehensive examination of urban development trends by integrating methods such as fuzzy set urban planning models, multi-objective planning, fuzzy regression, and GIS-based land use analysis. Specifically, our analysis of Shenzhen’s expansion and agricultural land growth from 1998 to 2023 demonstrates the significant impacts of technological innovation on urban landscapes, notably in expanding built-up regions by 90.21 square kilometers and augmenting greenfield farmland by 17.83%, thereby markedly enhancing land designated for ecological purposes. These findings affirm the vital role of innovation in advancing environmental sustainability and sustainable urban planning practices.

Scenario Simulation of Urban Land Use and Ecosystem Service Coupling Major Function-Oriented Zoning

Simulations of land use/land cover (LULC) and ecosystem services (ES), which integrate national land policies, reflect the development of land and ecological functions under different scenarios and are crucial for accurately predicting and optimizing urban ecosystem sustainable development. To effectively characterize the urban development trend that complies with urban land policies and spatial differences, we combined major function-oriented zoning (MFOZ) and simulated LULC and ES [including water yield (WY), soil retention (SR), carbon storage (CS), and habitat quality (HQ)] within Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) urban agglomeration under multiple scenarios. Based on the improved gray multi-objective optimization (IGMOP) model, the patch-generating land simulation (PLUS) model, and the integrated evaluation of ecosystem services and trade-offs (InVEST) model, three scenarios were designed: business as usual (BAU), economic development (ED), and ecological conservation (EC) scenarios. Results demonstrated higher accuracy with the LULC simulation coupling MFOZ. Under BAU, ED, and EC scenarios, the ecological land (EL) area was 924.99 × 10 4 , 904.45 × 10 4 , and 953.59 × 10 4 hm 2 , respectively. Compared to 2020, it increased by 0.77% and 1.95% under BAU and EC scenarios and decreased by 0.08% under ED scenario. The LULC changes under different scenarios influenced ES changes. Trade-offs occurred between WY&SR and CS&HQ under BAU and ED scenarios (WY&SR increased, CS&HQ decreased), while different ES types synergistically increased under EC scenario. Impervious surfaces and vegetation positively affected WY&SR, while forestland and impervious surfaces positively and negatively affected CS&HQ, respectively. The simulation coupling MFOZ may provide new insights for exploring more accurate ecological patterns, identifying potential sustainable spaces, and determining priority projects.

Investigation of green roofs effects on reducing of the urban heat islands formation (The case of a municipal district of Tehran City, Iran)

Urban heat islands (UHI) are of the most common urban phenomena according to which some urban regions, especially downtowns, are hotter than the surrounding by some degrees. Urban development and its relationship with UHIs are important topics that should be first understood and then controlled by devising relevant plans for the trend of urban development. Municipal District 6 (MD-6) is an oldest and the most populous areas of Tehran city in Tehran province-Iran, which also has a high building density. In order to reduce the calculation error, this area is divided into 23 sections. And modeling in each section is done by comparing closely related sections separately. The results of this study can be generalized to all same parts of the world. Initially, earth surface temperature is estimated using Landsat 8 satellite data. Then, the vegetation area of each section is calculated using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). And in the next step, by establishing a relationship between the obtained data, the rate of reduction of UHI is determined by adding a certain area of vegetation. Also, a map was prepared that showing the buildings on UHI, thus measuring the area of roofs with the ability to add vegetation. Finally, the modeling is based on this information. Results show with the addition of vegetation to the roofs of buildings, an average of% 38.58 of the area and 0.68°C of the intensity of the UHI was reduced in this area. Modeling gave different results for other sections depending on their location and the area of buildings inside heat islands that can be used for green roof development. When the material of urban surface changes and water and humidity penetration increases due to the replacement of these surfaces with plants, more time will be required for the increase in ambient temperature by plants versus impermeable surfaces like asphalt and concrete. Therefore temperature rise in plants needs more time than in impermeable surfaces.

New Model of Shaping Urban Cultural Tourism IP Based on Short Video Platforms

Urban cultural tourism is a kind of tourism that combines the regional tourism resources of the city and the unique culture of the local area. Moreover, with the constant development and progress of local cities, urban cultural tourism has become a new trend in urban development. The diversification of urban cultural tourism intellectual property (IP) aligns with cities' sustainable and innovative development. Additionally, as one of the hottest and newest ways of communication, short videos have seen a surge in recent years due to their low production cost, fast communication speed, diversified content, and large scale of users. The rapid development of short video platforms such as TikTok, Quick Worker, etc., has led to an explosive growth of short video users in China; short video platforms have become the new media for city image communication. However, using short video platforms to shape the urban culture tourism IP must pay attention to the communication strategy. The short video content should not only closely follow the positioning of the city's image, but also vividly show the cultural connotation of the city, thus constructing a multiple subject of the creation and communication of the short video.

Local communities as а tool for urban conflict resolution

A modern city is a concentration of a whole range of diverse processes and activities, residents with different needs, traditions and beliefs. The city is also an arena of clashing economic, political and social interests. Urban development trends are expressed both in the need for centralized determination of the direction of urban environment, and public demand for greater civic engagement. Accordingly, conflicts cannot be avoided, but it is important not to accept this obvious truth, but to create a tradition of constant thoughtful analysis of ongoing processes, identifying causes and searching for solutions. As awareness of the importance of collective efforts in creating a comfortable urban environment grows, knowledge about the approaches and public technologies used to resolve urban conflicts becomes more in demand. One of the effective tools for resolving urban conflicts are local communities created on sub-municipal territories within the city boundaries. However, the effectiveness of this tool depends on the proper organization of intra-urban communities and provision of legal guarantees for their functioning. This study is carried out using a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach, implying the analysis of urban development and urban environment through the prism of law. The study of Russian and foreign doctrinal sources, along with normative legal acts and materials of judicial and law enforcement practice, allows to form a sufficient picture of the state of urban conflictology and substantiate the role of local communities in their resolution.

Analysis of the spatiotemporal expansion and pattern evolution of urban areas in Anhui Province, China, based on nighttime light data

Based on remote sensing images from National Polar-orbiting Partnership—Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite–like data and related statistical yearbook data acquired at 5-year intervals from 2000 to 2020, the urbanized areas of cities in Anhui Province, China, were extracted. The characteristics of their spatial and temporal expansion were analyzed in combination with the migration path of the urban center of gravity along with measures of the speed and intensity of urban expansion. In addition, the urban development trends in Anhui were evaluated by combining a nighttime light index with spatial autocorrelation and local autocorrelation methods to reveal the characteristics of the level of urban development and internal structural changes in each city in Anhui. The results show that the cities in Anhui are concentrated in two belt areas in the Yangtze and Huai river basins, and that they expanded outward, with several original urbanized areas as the center. The rate of urban expansion reached its lowest point during 2005–2010 and peaked during 2015–2020. The urbanized areas in Anhui were distributed in a northwest–southeast direction, while the center of urban gravity remained in Hefei City during the study period. The total amount of nighttime light in Anhui’s urbanized areas increased by nearly 10 times over 20 years, with the period of 2010–2020 experiencing particularly high increases in nighttime light. The grayness values of urban lights in each period show clear spatial correlation.

Gaps in urban planning: A systematic review of policy-making in the informality of urban space

The informality of urban spaces has emerged as a critical concern in urban planning across many countries. This paper examines the urban planning and management policies designed to regulate these informal, or ‘gray,’ spaces. Our survey of these guiding and controlling policies reveals a variety of approaches used worldwide. However, the lack of a systematic classification for these policies has led to ambiguity and confusion concerning their types, nature, context, and functions. To address this gap, this study analyzes these guiding and controlling policies for informal space development. Utilizing a systematic review method, we identify five categories of urban planning and governance policies: Moderator, Controller, Protection, Intensifying, and Restraining. Despite the adoption of these policies, informal spaces continue to face complex land and housing-related challenges from various angles. An effective and integrated policy framework is needed to address urban development trends and these challenges. Our approach advocates for institutional development, co-production, and urban entrepreneurship, presenting a vision for the future of these spaces. By emphasizing their generative potential, this perspective can enhance the role and performance of informal urban spaces, ultimately leading to socioeconomic development and improved environmental quality.

Urban spatial structure and equity for urban services through the lens of accessibility

Urban development, equity and sustainability cannot be concluded based on access to one type of urban service. This study goes beyond the usual approach of analysing a single type of urban service and provides a comprehensive overview of accessibility-related equity. A modified accessibility measure is used, which, in addition to travel time impedance, incorporates the aspect of connectivity of services with the transport infrastructure. This study evaluates mode-wise accessibility for jobs, schools, medical care units, hospitals, parks, supermarkets, and restaurants in Greater Mumbai. The spatial association and clustering of threshold-based accessibility are assessed using Global Moran's I. This reveals that the degree of spatial association and clustering is highest at 30 minutes travel time threshold for private mode and 45 mintues for public transport for urban services. The Gini index values indicate that spatial inequity is relatively higher for hospital services accessibility than other services. Social equity is assessed using the average accessibility ratio values for the urban services, which favours regions with moderate car ownership over low, indicating one of the undesirable urban development trends. This study helps understand the urban spatial structure and assesses the spatial and social inequities from the transportation/urban planning perspective. The developed decision framework can aid policymakers in prioritising the suggested measures effectively to address accessibility related inequities for different urban services.

The spatial and temporal evolution of surface temperature in the main urban area of Hangzhou from 1990 to 2020 based on GEE

In this study, remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS), Google Earth Engine (GEE), and mathematical analysis methods are applied to study the evolution and development trend of land surface temperature in Hangzhou. The GEE platform used in this study, which can fit remote sensing images of multiple regions under different spatial and temporal conditions, has the advantages of wide range and timeliness, and enables the study area to cover the entire Hangzhou city. The purpose of this study is to study the evolution of surface temperature in Hangzhou from 1990 to 2020 using a combination of remote sensing inversion and GIS spatial analysis, and to combine a variety of geostatistical analysis methods to specifically study the trend of surface temperature change and urban heat island development in Hangzhou in order to improve the local people’s life and local environment.

The Population of Laodicea ad Mare in Roman Times: The Structure and Vectors of Development

This article considers the social structure of Laodicea ad Mare between the second half of the 1st century A.D. and the 4th century A.D., i.e., from the beginning of the Roman rule in Syria to the time before the Islamic conquest of the region. The study relies primarily on data from epigraphic writings (such as tomb inscriptions, dedicatory texts, and signatures), as well as on narrative materials and the corpus of Roman law, which are used as additional sources. The evolution of the family institution and the property relations within Laodicean families is analyzed. A portrait of the free citizens of Laodicea who were engaged in handicrafts, especially in the textile industry, is compiled. The life of the city’s rabble is traced. The status, structure, and financial capabilities of the propertied aristocracy are described. Its impact on public life is discussed. Information is provided about the residence of Roman citizens in Laodicea and their activities and influence on the civic community of the city. The results obtained show that the social processes in Laodicea correspond to the basic trends of urban development in Late Antiquity and that this was the period when the social conflict within the Laodicean community intensified. The findings may be useful for students of history faculties and for researchers interested in the history of the Roman Empire and the Near East in Antiquity.

Study on Function and Appearance Design of Smart Street Lamps Based on Kansei Engineering: A Literature Review

The potential of smart cities to alleviate the challenges of urban development in relation to population, resources, and environment is widely recognized, making it a key urban development trend for the future. Smart street lamps (SSLs) are a crucial component of smart city infrastructure. However, their current unreasonable function settings and appearance design do not meet the emotional needs of residents and come at a high construction cost, resulting in decreased user satisfaction. Based on WOS and CNKI databases, 39 literatures on the aspects of theory, steps and technologies of KE, 32 literatures on the development, basic functions, construction, existing problems, and key technologies of SSLs, and 6 papers on street lamps functions or appearance design research based on KE be reviewed in this paper. Therefore, the application of KE method in SSL design be extensively reviewed, with emphasis on the future development direction of KE, the design principles of SSLs, and the implementation of KE in SSL design. This review aims to summarize the research gaps, future research directions, and future development trends of KE and SSL. Ultimately, the review concludes that the integration of KE in SSL design research is crucial to improve SSL products’ rationality, openness, and amicability, guided by scientific SSL design principles.

Pandemic disorientations and reorientations as legacies: Scoping review of COVID‐19 impacts on European cities

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has disrupted modern urban ecosystems on an unprecedented scale. Many urban scholars have undertaken the challenge of documenting and analysing how this global health crisis has been experienced and coped with, resulting in a surge of studies on its impact on various cityscapes and domains of urban life. In this paper, we present findings from a scoping review of 138 articles on this subject published between the outbreak of the pandemic and the end of June 2022. Our review showcases scholarly accounts of cascading shifts that have occurred within urban ecosystems and provides a better understanding of conceptual and methodological alterations in research approaches. Because both the investigated impacts and the research strategies deal primarily with the consequences of losing the pre‐pandemic spatial, temporal, social, cultural, and political frames of reference, we adopt transdisciplinary disorientation theories as the review’s interpretive framework. This step proves to be fruitful in mapping and interpreting crises and breakdowns and also in revealing how an unexpected planetary ordeal has reoriented pre‐pandemic trends in urban development and transformed cities and urban life alike. We suggest that the disorienting pandemic experience can serve as a potent legacy for urban futures. However, the scale and distribution of post‐pandemic reorientations across European cities and their residents cannot yet be fully comprehended.

The Urban Design of Guangzhou towards 2049: Direction and Practice

This paper elaborates the meaning of strategy-led urban design towards 2049 through exploring complex political-economic contexts and abundant planning practices in recent Guangzhou. It consists of four parts around this theme: the first is the strategic contexts of conducting urban design in Guangzhou; the second is the stages and trends of urban development of Guangzhou; the third is specific strategies utilized to lead and organize urban design in Guangzhou in last decade; and the last is a vision for the high-quality urban design towards 2049.

Research on the organization of public space relations in commercial complex buildings in the context of big data

Abstract As an emerging type of large commercial building, commercial complexes play an increasingly important role in contemporary urban development and construction trends. In order to better study the organization of public space relations in commercial complex buildings, this paper selects eight commercial complexes as sample cases to analyze their spatial design in terms of both content public space and external public space based on big data technology. Regarding the design of the commercial complexes’ internal public space movement, the highest accessibility degree reached 95.3%, while the average was 82.5%. Regarding visibility, the highest level was 96.0%, and the average was 83.3%. For large complexes, better spatial relationships can be designed to improve the circulation degree and thus enhance customers’ consumption experience. Regarding the convenience of traffic connection to the external space of commercial complexes, an average of 41.4% of customers consider it very convenient, 23.1% consider it relatively convenient, 27.9% consider it somewhat inconvenient, and 18.0% consider it very inconvenient. Commercial complexes can effectively attract more repeat customers if they can improve the convenient design of transportation connections. The study of public relations of commercial complexes based on big data helps to discover the defects of their public space design and plays a significant role in optimizing spatial design and relationship organization and strengthening their integrated functions.

ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN DAN STRUKTUR EKONOMI MAKRO DI KOTA BANDUNG

Bandung has become an important center for creative and technology industries in Indonesia. The existence of leading universities, research centers, and business incubators has formed an innovation ecosystem that encourages the birth of startups and technology companies based in this city. Along with increasing challenges and opportunities in a rapidly changing global environment, a strong and developing economic sector is a vital key in ensuring the country's sustainability and prosperity. This study aims to analyze the growth and macroeconomic structure in the city of Bandung. The research method used is quantitative. Research data comes from the Central Bureau of Statistics and local government reports, to identify patterns and trends in urban economic development. Analysis shows that the city of Bandung has experienced rapid economic growth in the last few decades. The creative and technological industries, as well as tourism, are the main drivers of economic growth. The activities in Bandung in relation to the economy of West Java throughout 2019-2022 are the area of exchange, accommodation and cafes as well as the areas of communication and conversion, because with the presence of development (+) and commitment (-) is actually meant with the assumption that this movement expands its commitment will be an outstanding area

The Effects of Urban Sprawl on Electricity Consumption: Empirical Evidence from 283 Prefecture-Level Cities in China

Under the urban development trend of sprawl, improving energy use efficiency is a proper way to promote green and low-carbon construction in cities. This paper uses panel data from 283 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2008 to 2019 to measure the urban sprawl index, and analyze the spatial-temporal evolution law of urban sprawl and electricity consumption. The relationship between urban sprawl and electricity consumption is empirically examined, and the differential effect of urban sprawl on electricity consumption is analyzed. Finally, the impact of urban sprawl on electricity consumption based on a spatial perspective is explored in depth by establishing a spatial error model. We found the following: (1) The levels of urban sprawl and urban electricity consumption are on the rise. The spatial distribution of urban sprawl is more dispersed, and cities with high electricity consumption levels are mostly concentrated in the eastern coastal areas. (2) Urban sprawl exacerbates electricity consumption, and this conclusion is still robust after a series of robustness tests were conducted and endogeneity issues were taken into account. In terms of the influence mechanism, urban sprawl mainly affects electricity consumption by changing the allocation of land resources, increasing the dependence on private transportation, and inhibiting green technology innovation. (3) The incremental effect of urban sprawl on electricity consumption is more pronounced in cities with high sprawl levels, weak environmental regulations, and low green innovation levels, as well as in west cities. (4) Urban sprawl and electricity consumption both have a significant positive spatial correlation. Electricity consumption of cities is not only related to their own regions but also influenced by the adjacent regions, and the spatial correlation is mainly reflected in the random error term. This paper deepens the understanding of the basic laws of urban sprawl affecting urban low-carbon development, which also has implications for new urbanization strategies and green development.

Impact of ecological conservation policies on land use and carbon stock in megacities at different stages of development

Urban expansion, especially the construction of megacities, increases carbon emissions and adversely affects the carbon storage of terrestrial ecosystems. However, scientific land-use management policies can increase carbon storage. This study takes two megacities at different stages of development, Beijing and Tianjin, as examples to explore the impact of different ecological conservation scenarios on both urban land use and carbon storage to provide recommendations for the construction planning of large cities with low-carbon development as the goal. Furthermore, we coupled the patch-generating land use simulation (PLUS) model with the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs (InVEST) model to simulate land use and carbon storage under a natural development scenario, a planned ecological protection scenario (PEPS), and a policy-based ecological restoration scenario (PERS). From 2000 to 2020, both cities had different degrees of construction land expansion and carbon loss, and Tianjin's dynamic degree of construction land was 0.94% higher than Beijing's, with a carbon loss 183,536.19 Mg higher than Beijing's; this trend of reducing carbon reserves will continue under the natural development scenario (NDS). Under the PEPS and PERS, the carbon stock of both cities increases, and the impact on Tianjin is greater, with an increase of 4.51% and 8.04%, respectively. Under PERS, the carbon stock increases the most, but the dynamic degree of construction land use is negative for both cities. Beijing's carbon stock is 0.40% lower than Tianjin's, which deviates slightly from the trend of urban economic development. Megacities in the rapid development stage can refer to Tianjin, strictly following the ecological protection land planning scope and vigorously implementing ecological restoration policies to effectively increase regional carbon stock. Megacities in the mature stage of development can refer to Beijing, and flexibly implement ecological restoration policies to increase regional carbon stock without affecting the city's economic development.

Optimization of Electric Bus Scheduling Considering Charging Station Resource Constraints

The electrification of bus systems is an inevitable trend in sustainable urban development because electric buses do not use fossil fuels and, therefore, do not exacerbate energy shortages. However, because of their limited driving range and the restricted charging station resources, it is crucial to optimize the scheduling and charging plan for electric buses jointly to ensure operational efficiency. This paper studies the electric bus scheduling problem considering charging station resource constraints, including the limited number of chargers and total power output, which are generally simplified in the relevant literature. We first formulate a nonlinear model to optimize vehicle scheduling, charging time, and charging power, to minimize the total system costs, including the usage costs of electric buses and charging costs. Then, a genetic algorithm is developed to solve this model. Finally, the proposed method is demonstrated by using the example of a transit network in Nanjing. Compared with the existing scheme based on an uncontrolled charging strategy, the proposed solution reduces the total system costs and charging costs by 7.34% and 36.51%, respectively. The findings in this paper can provide practical guidance on electric bus scheduling and promote the sustainable development of bus systems.

Understanding the evolution of green ecology theory and future trends in urban development

The 21st century is known as the 'urban century', sustainable development has become a general consensus of countries all over the world. With global warming and frequent natural disasters, cities have become more vulnerable to external changes than ever, therefore the concept of green and ecological urban development has become the global consensus. This paper discusses the development of green ecological theory in the history of urban development, then provides topics for the future development trend of green ecological cities in response to environmental changes: green infrastructure, resilience, low-carbon economy, zero-energy building, green transportation.