Trends In Practice Research Articles

A Systematic Literature Review of Trends in Research and Practice Among Asynchronous Online Course Offerings in Formal Engineering Curricula

A Systematic Literature Review of Trends in Research and Practice Among Asynchronous Online Course Offerings in Formal Engineering Curricula

Practice Trends and Geographic Locations of Newly Graduated Micrographic Surgery and Dermatologic Oncology Fellows.

Practice Trends and Geographic Locations of Newly Graduated Micrographic Surgery and Dermatologic Oncology Fellows.

Antimicrobial Archetypes: Assessing the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (AMSP) Among Faculties, Residents, and Interns in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is caused by inappropriate use of antimicrobials. India's high antibiotic use contributes significantly to AMR. Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (AMSPs) are crucial for optimizing antimicrobial use. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) studies are essential for evaluating healthcare professionals' beliefs and conduct regarding AMR and AMSPs. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital evaluated doctors' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding AMR and stewardship programs. The study involved 202 participants, including faculty members, postgraduates, and interns. Results The study involved 202 participants, with residents being the majority at 51.4%, followed by faculty at 26.7% and interns at 21.7%. Faculty members showed the highest overall knowledge, followed by residents and interns. Despite possessing knowledge, practitioners did not consistently implement their knowledge in their daily practices, with a statistically significant difference of p < 0.01. There was a substantial disparity in attitude between the departments, as evidenced by a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. Conclusion Positive trends in knowledge and attitudes exist, but there are areas for improvement in translating attitudes into clinical practices. There is a significant disparity among faculty members, residents, and interns, highlighting the urgent need for interventions to bridge the gap. Implementing antibiotic prescribing guidelines at the institutional level and enhancing knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare professionals are crucial to addressing AMR.

Strengthening Fintech Security in Uganda: An Analysis of Insider Threats and Effective Risk Management Strategies

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze security policies and risk management practices for reducing insider threats in the Fintech industry in Uganda. The study aims to classify and identify insider threats, examine how they relate to risk management procedures, and offer practical recommendations for improving Fintech companies’ security measures. Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive research design, focusing on diverse respondents across various sectors. Data was collected through surveys from 25 respondents, including IT security specialists, accountants, finance officers, and other relevant roles. The sectors represented included Banking and Finance (52%), Security (12%), Information Technology and Telecommunications (8% each), and others such as Agriculture, Civil Society, and Public Service (each 4%). The study employed both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, with secondary data reviewed from existing literature and case studies. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS to interpret the data and identify trends in insider threat occurrences and risk management practices. Findings: The study revealed that insider threats in Uganda's Fintech sector can manifest in both physical and cyber forms. The predominant risk management practices identified include proactive measures such as robust security policies, access controls utilized by 88% of respondents, security awareness training by 80%, and continuous monitoring by 68%. Incident response and reporting procedures were also critical, ensuring that breaches are swiftly addressed to minimize impact. There was a significant positive correlation (r = .65; p &lt; 0.05) between the frequency of past insider attacks and the regularity of risk assessments, underscoring the importance of regular evaluations in mitigating risks. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study contributes to the theoretical understanding of how local cultural attitudes and regulatory frameworks impact effectiveness of risk management strategies, providing insights that can inform RMF adaptations in similar contexts. For practitioners, it recommends development and implementation of robust security policies, employee training programs, and advanced monitoring systems. Policy-makers are advised to support regulatory frameworks that mandate regular risk assessments and the adoption of best Fintech practices.

Time trends of resistance training practice in Brazilian adults from 2006 to 2018: An ecological time-series study

Time trends of resistance training practice in Brazilian adults from 2006 to 2018: An ecological time-series study

Contemporary Trends in Human Resource Management and its Application in Fostering Employees Competencies and Organizational Competencies

The organisation efficiency can be developed when the organisation are more focused on developing the employees competencies and more rational steps should be taken for creating the positive culture among the employee who can cater the changing needs of the market. The contemporary trends in various Human Resource Management Practices have been an dyamice role player in creating value for the organisation and will foster the employees independence for developing the employees competencies which can proprotioanlly increase the value of the organisation. The organisations should frame polices and programmes based on individual needs of the employees and will play a vital role in adding the value to the orgnisation a and develop the business from the rational point of view. There must and should lot of focus and concentration for developing the organisation and employee competencies to cater the changing needs of the business and met the dynamic needs of the market. The paper is an attempt to correlate the contemporary trends and the employee competencies and organisational competencies in the dynamic market as a whole

Addressing Ethical Issues in Contemporary International Education &amp; Development

Abstract Empowered by global movements like Millennium Development Goals (mdg s), Sustainable Development Goals (sdg s), and Education for All (efa), the field of international education policy continues to help improve educational access and quality for millions of children and adult learners worldwide, including those affected by extreme poverty. However, often times the way that educational policy and programming is conducted in global South does not always reflect the positive ideals behind these goals. This piece examines ongoing trends of unethical partnerships, policies, and practices in contemporary international education. Reflecting legacies of neocolonialism and ethnocentricity, these problems can create a toxic development culture and minimize authentic collaboration at all levels. Yet, through engaging in a dialogue about these issues, we may begin to make valuable changes that help foster true partnerships and more effective, sustainable change for those most in need.

Practice Trends in (C)APD Assessment and Management: A Survey of Audiologists in Kerala.

Aims Present study investigates the current trends in (Central) Auditory Processing Disorder [(C)APD] assessment and management practices among Audiologists practicing in Kerala, India. Materials and Methods The questionnaire for the survey was developed based on the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices(KAP) model and underwent validation by experts in Audiology. Online survey was conducted to collect data from Audiologists practicing in Kerala, with a valid RCI-CRR number. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the responses. Results The majority of participants held bachelor's degrees and completed training modules on the assessment of (C)APD during their undergraduate studies. However, clinical exposure was very low. Even though 59.2% of participants reported that they were performing screening for (C)APD, the use of standardized screening tools was limited. Only 35% of participants reported that they were performing diagnostic evaluation. However, the rest of the participants used only speech-in-noise tests for (C)APD evaluation. The participants who performed management of (C)APD were even fewer, at only 13.4%. Lack of facilities, inadequate patient load, and lack of practical exposure were major obstacles to (C)APD assessment and management. The majority of participants strongly agreed that Audiologists are the most qualified persons to deal with (C)APD; however, the practice trends obtained from the study suggest that Audiologists have a really poor practice in this area. Conclusion The study highlights the need for standardized assessment tools, improved training opportunities, and increased awareness among Audiologists regarding (C)APD. Multidisciplinary collaboration and further research are essential for enhancing (C)APD assessment and management practices in Kerala.

Disparities in the implantation of secondary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator in the United States.

The annual incidence of sudden cardiac death is over 300,000 in the United States (US). Historically, inpatient implantation of secondary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) has been variable and subject to healthcare disparities. To evaluate contemporary practice trends of inpatient secondary prevention ICD implants within the US on the basis of race, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES). The study is a retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample from 2016 to 2020 of adult discharges with a primary diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular flutter, and fibrillation (VF). Adjusted ICD implantation rates based on race, sex, and SES and associated temporal trends were calculated using multivariate regression. A total of 193,600 primary VT/VF discharges in the NIS were included in the cohort, of which 57,895 (29.9%) had ICD placement. There was a significant racial and ethnic disparity in ICD placement for Black, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American patients as compared to White patients; adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.86 [p<.01], 0.90 [p = .03], 0.81[p<.01], 0.45 [p<.01], respectively. Female patients were also less likely to receive an ICD compared to male patients (aOR: 0.75, p<.01). Disparities in ICD placement remained stable over the study period (ptrend ≥.05 in all races, both sexes and income categories). Racial, sex, and SES disparities persisted for secondary prevention ICD implants in the US. An investigation into contributing factors and subsequent approaches are needed to address the modifiable causes of disparities in ICD implantation as these trends have not improved compared to historic data.

Health-related challenges faced by men who had sex with other men amid the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of sexualized drug use (chemsex): A literature review

The COVID-19 pandemic has had widespread effects, impacting various aspects of human life, including sexual behaviors and substance use activities. This article aims to review and synthesize findings from existing published and unpublished research regarding health-related issues related to sexualized drug use (chemsex) among men who had sex with men (MSM) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The information was gathered from various databases, and 21 articles were included in this review. The results focused on the following seven health-related aspects: (i) Trends in chemsex practices among MSM during the pandemic; (ii) sexual behaviors and drug usage issues among MSM during the pandemic; (iii) mental and psychological health issues among MSM participating in chemsex during the pandemic; (iv) challenges and obstacles regarding health-care service access for MSM during the pandemic; (v) health disparity issues among MSM during the pandemic; (vi) digital health technology offering health care to MSM during the pandemic; and (vii) health-care interventions related to MSM engaging in chemsex during the pandemic. During the pandemic, targeted interventions were required that not only focused on mitigating physical health risks but also on addressing the mental health and socioeconomic challenges faced by MSM participating in chemsex. Moreover, digital health technologies and telemedicine offered promising avenues to provide necessary services remotely during the COVID-19.

Bibliometric Analysis of 21st Century Skills in Practical Laboratory Learning Research Trends from 1986 to 2023 Using RStudio Bibliometrix and VOSViewer Software Tools

Bibliometric Analysis of 21st Century Skills in Practical Laboratory Learning Research Trends from 1986 to 2023 Using RStudio Bibliometrix and VOSViewer Software Tools

Forms, Formations, and Reforms

ABSTRACT Oral history release forms are critical for documenting narrator intentions around access to and use of interviews, a key component of ethically managing this document type. Unfortunately, repositories are full of interviews with missing or problematic releases. To explain this phenomenon, the author reviews historical archival and oral history literature to trace the development of release form conventions and the historical trends in practice that explain the current state of documentation in archives. Important trends in this trajectory include professionalization of oral history, decades of inconsistent application of best practices, siloed discourses of archivists and oral historians, institutional review boards, and changing access expectations in the age of the Internet. The author also assesses current positive professional trends to prevent future release form problems and analyzes release form scenarios that may remain stubbornly at the discretion of archivists’ professional judgment or values.

The Joint Effect of Organizational Identification and Internal Reporting Environment Openness on Budgetary Misreporting

ABSTRACT Many organizations are moving toward a more open, transparent working environment. However, a concurrent trend toward remote work in organizations could moderate the effect of this move toward organizational openness by reducing organizational identification. This study investigates the joint effect of organizational identification and reporting environment openness on managerial reporting behavior. Using an experiment, we find that weak versus strong organizational identification leads to greater slack creation in an open reporting environment, but this effect attenuates in a closed reporting environment. By speaking to the joint effect of internal reporting environment openness and organizational identification, this study contributes to our understanding of the theoretical drivers of misreporting and how they interact with concurrent trends in practice. Data Availability: The data used in this paper are available upon request.

Trends of educational theatre practices in Hungary: Effects, impacts, contents, central issues and opinions

During the second half of the 2012–13 theatre season, we mapped all then-existing educational theatre practices in Hungary against a standardized set of criteria. We contacted a total of 298 institutions and observed 118 programmes in person. For each programme, we collected data from six sources: children or youth participating in the programmes; teachers accompanying the participants; organizational contact persons; creators/performers of the programmes; observing of the programmes by independent observers; and secondary research on the internet. In this article, we present an interpretative qualitative analysis of the findings. Covered areas include whether a programme could alter prejudice and bias, whether post-show workshops can find solutions to issues raised by theatre performances and whether participant children and youth can link performances and programmes to current Hungarian events.

Advanced practice providers: An evolution of scope of practice and clinical integration across the surgical healthcare landscape

Advanced practice providers (APPs) have become an integral part of surgical practice over the past 50 years. Understanding the clinical roles of Physician Assistants (PAs) and Nurse Practitioners (NPs) provides insight into practice norms, collaborative opportunities, the nuances of APP independent practice trends, billing practices, and current practice challenges.Exploring the history, education, and current practice environment of APPs allows a sophisticated understanding of their roles in the inpatient/facility and outpatient/office settings. This article explores the impact of APPs on access to care, and their role across the overall healthcare landscape in the United States particularly as government and healthcare continue to intersect.The aim of this work is to provide the reader with a nuanced understanding of the factors influencing the current practice of APPs working in surgical fields in the United States and to foster an authentic appreciation of the existing complexities of APPs practicing in the field of surgery in the context of the current evolving national healthcare landscape.

Exploring Latest Trends in Social Work (The case study of Bhopal

Social work is a dynamic field constantly adapting to address evolving societal needs. This research paper investigates the latest trends in social work practice within Bhopal, India. Through interviews with professors from local universities and founders/leaders of prominent NGOs, the study aims to identify the most pressing social issues currently faced by Bhopal`s communities and the innovative approaches social workers are employing to address them. The paper will also explore how social work practices in Bhopal align with, or diverge from, global trends. The analysis will consider areas such as the rise of technology-based interventions, the growing focus on mental health and well-being, and the increasing emphasis on community empowerment and social justice advocacy. By comparing local practices with international trends, the study will shed light on Bhopal`s unique social work landscape and its potential to contribute to the global discourse. This research paper offers valuable insights into the evolving nature of social work in Bhopal. By understanding the specific challenges and innovative solutions employed by local social workers, the study can inform best practices for social work education and intervention strategies. Furthermore, by comparing Bhopal`s trends to the global landscape, the research can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of social work`s role in addressing contemporary issues across diverse contexts. This comparative analysis can foster knowledge exchange and collaboration between social work professionals from Bhopal and around the world.

Trends in Psychiatric Day Care Practices in Japan: An Analysis Using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims Open Data.

Psychiatric day care is a key framework for outpatient rehabilitation in Japanese psychiatric treatment. It targets a wide range of diseases and performs various roles. The current status and utilization of psychiatric day care in Japan have changed owing to an increase in the availability of other social resources and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, no reports have quantitatively analyzed the trends or current situation of psychiatric day care in Japan. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the status of the operation of psychiatric day care in Japan and its trends by sex, region, and age group. Based on the publicly available data from the Japanese National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups (NDB Open Data), we investigated changes in the numbers related to psychiatric day care nationwide from fiscal year (FY) 2017-2021. Furthermore, we calculated the numbers of psychiatric day care facilities use per 1,000 people by prefecture, sex, and age group in 2021. A Mann-Whitney U test was conducted to compare the total number of psychiatric day care facilities used in months during periods of emergency declarations and priority preventative measures with those used in months when there were no such periods. Pearson's correlation coefficient test was conducted to examine the correlation between the numbers of psychiatric beds per 100,000 people and the annual numbers of psychiatric day care facilities use per 1,000 people in each prefecture. A Mann-Whitney U test was conducted to compare the number per 1,000 people per year of prefectures with or without capital- and government-designated cities and compare the annual total number (FY 2017-2021) by sex. Overall, the number of psychiatric day care facilities use tended to decrease. The monthly data showed a significant decrease in the total number of psychiatric day care facilities' usage during periods of emergency declarations and priority preventative measures (p=0.02). The numbers of "psychiatric short care" use increased in 2021 and those of psychiatric day-night care (>3 years / >3 days per week) use showed an increasing trend from 2020. The overall number of psychiatric day care facilities' usage per 1,000 people by prefecture was significantly lower in prefectures having cities with populations of 700,000 or more (p<0.01). A significant positive correlation was found between the number of psychiatric day care facilities use per 1,000 people by prefecture and the number of psychiatric beds per 100,000 people by prefecture (r=0.61, p<0.01). The usage of psychiatric day care facilities was significantly lower for women (p<0.01). In terms of age group, the use of psychiatric day care facilities was significantly lower for younger age groups (under 65 years of age) (p<0.01). Trends in the numbers reflected differences in user attributes and regional differences. It is necessary to establish a management system tailored to individual attributes and in regions where support is difficult to reach.

A Dwindling Matter: An Analysis of Medicare Reimbursement for Endocrine Surgery Procedures from 2000-23.

To evaluate Medicare reimbursement trends for endocrine surgeries from 2000-23. As the population ages, demand for endocrine surgeries is expected to increase. Understanding reimbursement trends is essential to ensure the financial sustainability of endocrine surgery. Data were extracted from Medicare Inpatient and Outpatient Hospital datasets, National Summary, and Physician Fee Look-up Files for nine common thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal surgeries. Data were adjusted for inflation. Descriptive statistics, compound annual growth rate (CAGR), and linear regression models were built to evaluate practice and reimbursement trends. From 2000-23, there was a 63.8% increase in endocrine surgery volume. However, inflation-adjusted average procedure reimbursements decreased by 43.2% from $1709 to $972 (CAGR -2.4%), which is the largest decrease for any surgical subspecialty reported in the published literature. At the current CAGR, the average estimated reimbursement is projected to decrease to $868 by 2030 (P<0.001). Average facility reimbursements for inpatient and outpatient hospitalizations increased. However, substantial practice pattern shifts in the study period led to decreased overall facility reimbursements, with a $17.9 million decrease in total inpatient reimbursements between 2016-21 that was only partially offset by a $3.2 million increase in outpatient hospital reimbursements. Medicare procedure reimbursements for endocrine surgeries have been outpaced by inflation, with large decreases since 2000. Concurrent changes in practice patterns have also resulted in markedly fewer inpatient stays leading to lower total facility reimbursements. Our data raise concern over the financial sustainability of the endocrine surgery field as the demand for endocrine surgery procedures increases.

When it comes to research on land management behavior, how are we doing? A systematic review on theory, measurement, and suggestions for improvement

AbstractWith increasing attention to climate change and biodiversity loss, conservation social science research on land management practices is burgeoning. Researchers have broadened their focus from protected areas to diverse types of land management to support conservation and climate mitigation. But, developing effective strategies for these issues requires an in‐depth understanding of both the socio‐psychological factors that guide landholders' decision‐making and global trends in land management practices and literature. To assess the trends and status of land management behavior research, we systematically reviewed research published between 2010 and 2020 in five seminal conservation journals. Of 11,607 articles reviewed, we identified 100 articles about land management behavior. We assessed theoretical groundings, measurement methodology, land‐use terminology and practices, ecosystem type, and geographic distribution. We identified strengths and significant gaps and weaknesses across land management research. For example, 52% of articles made no meaningful connection to theory, only 14% of papers used observed behavioral data, 86% of studies uses non‐experimental methods and researchers disproportionately measured land management behavior in developed nations (66%). We also find that language used to describe land management behavior is very heterogeneous, making it difficult to summarize land management research using traditional systematic review methods. Conducting a limited systematic review can help summarize research and also identify trends across disciplines that might otherwise missed. Results from our limited systematic review can guide future research and support the development of evidence‐based policies to mitigate climate change and biodiversity loss.

A new roadmap for an age-inclusive workforce management practice and an international policies comparison.

Worldwide, the worker population age is growing at an increasing rate. Consequently, government institutions and companies are being tasked to find new ways to address age-related workforce management challenges and opportunities. The development of age-friendly working environments to enhance ageing workforce inclusion and diversity has become a current management and national policy imperative. Since an ageing workforce population is a spreading worldwide trend, an identification and analysis of worker age related best practices across different countries would help the development of novel palliative paradigms and initiatives. This study proposes a new systematic research-based roadmap that aims to support executives and administrators in implementing an age-inclusive workforce management program. The roadmap integrates and builds on published literature, best practices, and international policies and initiatives that were identified, collected, and analysed by the authors. The roadmap provides a critical comparison of age-inclusive management practices and policies at three different levels of intervention: international, country, and company. Data collection and analysis was conducted simultaneously across eight countries: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Slovenia, and the USA. The findings of this research guide the development of a framework and roadmap to help manage the challenges and opportunities of an ageing workforce in moving towards a more sustainable, inclusive, and resilient labour force.