Trends In Nanoparticles Research Articles

Chitosan nanoparticle applications in dentistry: a sustainable biopolymer.

The epoch of Nano-biomaterials and their application in the field of medicine and dentistry has been long-lived. The application of nanotechnology is extensively used in diagnosis and treatment aspects of oral diseases. The nanomaterials and its structures are being widely involved in the production of medicines and drugs used for the treatment of oral diseases like periodontitis, oral carcinoma, etc. and helps in maintaining the longevity of oral health. Chitosan is a naturally occurring biopolymer derived from chitin which is seen commonly in arthropods. Chitosan nanoparticles are the latest in the trend of nanoparticles used in dentistry and are becoming the most wanted biopolymer for use toward therapeutic interventions. Literature search has also shown that chitosan nanoparticles have anti-tumor effects. This review highlights the various aspects of chitosan nanoparticles and their implications in dentistry.

Trends in Nanoparticles for Leishmania Treatment: A Bibliometric and Network Analysis.

Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical illness with a wide variety of clinical signs ranging from visceral to cutaneous symptoms, resulting in millions of new cases and thousands of fatalities reported annually. This article provides a bibliometric analysis of the main authors' contributions, institutions, and nations in terms of productivity, citations, and bibliographic linkages to the application of nanoparticles (NPs) for the treatment of leishmania. The study is based on a sample of 524 Scopus documents from 1991 to 2022. Utilising the Bibliometrix R-Tool version 4.0 and VOSviewer software, version 1.6.17 the analysis was developed. We identified crucial subjects associated with the application of NPs in the field of antileishmanial development (NPs and drug formulation for leishmaniasis treatment, animal models, and experiments). We selected research topics that were out of date and oversaturated. Simultaneously, we proposed developing subjects based on multiple analyses of the corpus of published scientific literature (title, abstract, and keywords). Finally, the technique used contributed to the development of a broader and more specific "big picture" of nanomedicine research in antileishmanial studies for future projects.

Recent Trends in Nanoparticles Based Drug Delivery for Tuberculosis Treatment

Current treatment therapeutic approach for tuberculosis is the administration of first line drugs in the form of tablets and capsules for 4-6 months however; this approach leads to sever adverse effect. Therefore, present study was designed to achieving local and sustained targeting of ant tuberculosis drugs in order to reduce dose n frequency. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been found to be potential targeted and controlled release drug delivery systems.

Nanoparticles applied to antineoplastic agents: a patent landscape.

Recently, research in the field of cancer nanotechnology has made notable progress, and, with the fast development of nanomaterials, new treatment strategies using nanoparticles are being explored that have the potential to overcome existing problems. The present review focuses on patenting as a key indicator of trends in nanoparticles with applications in the treatment of cancer. The impact of cancer on health and the use of nanoparticles are briefly described. Next, a survey of patents filed in the last 14 years is presented, the patents granted in the last four years are identified, and the focus areas of the main applicants are analyzed. The mix of targets identified for patented nanoparticles systems suggests that polymers and proteins are the main focus of the innovative efforts in this field.

Tribological analysis of surfactant modified nanolubricants containing CeO2 nanoparticles

Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles are added to different lubricating oils together with suitable surfactants to obtain modified nanolubricants. Lubricating properties of these surfactant modified nanolubricants have been investigated using a pin on disc tribotester under boundary lubrication conditions. Coconut oil, paraffin oil and a commercial engine oil (SAE15W40) have been used as base oils for the present study. Changes in frictional coefficient and specific wear rate have been studied as a function of nanoparticle concentration in the lubricant together with an estimation of the settling trend of nanoparticles with time. Results show that the frictional force and specific wear rate decrease with increase in concentration of nanoparticles, come to a minimum at a specific concentration level and then increase, showing the presence of an optimum concentration level at which both friction and wear are the least. At this concentration level, coconut oil shows the lowest frictional coefficient and specific wear rate among the three oils studied. The morphology of the pin surfaces after sliding has been studied using atomic force microscopy, optical interferometer and SEM. When CeO2 nanoparticles are added to the lubrication oil together with surfactant modification, settling trend and agglomeration of nanoparticles with time are reduced to a great extent compared to the case in which nanoparticles are added without surfactant modification.

Fast Prediction of Adsorption Properties for Platinum Nanocatalysts with Generalized Coordination Numbers

Platinum is a prominent catalyst for a multiplicity of reactions because of its high activity and stability. As Pt nanoparticles are normally used to maximize catalyst utilization and to minimize catalyst loading, it is important to rationalize and predict catalytic activity trends in nanoparticles in simple terms, while being able to compare these trends with those of extended surfaces. The trends in the adsorption energies of small oxygen- and hydrogen-containing adsorbates on Pt nanoparticles of various sizes and on extended surfaces were analyzed through DFT calculations by making use of the generalized coordination numbers of the surface sites. This simple and predictive descriptor links the geometric arrangement of a surface to its adsorption properties. It generates linear adsorption-energy trends, captures finite-size effects, and provides more accurate descriptions than d-band centers and usual coordination numbers. Unlike electronic-structure descriptors, which require knowledge of the densities of states, it is calculated manually. Finally, it was shown that an approximate equivalence exists between generalized coordination numbers and d-band centers.

Fast prediction of adsorption properties for platinum nanocatalysts with generalized coordination numbers.

Platinum is a prominent catalyst for a multiplicity of reactions because of its high activity and stability. As Pt nanoparticles are normally used to maximize catalyst utilization and to minimize catalyst loading, it is important to rationalize and predict catalytic activity trends in nanoparticles in simple terms, while being able to compare these trends with those of extended surfaces. The trends in the adsorption energies of small oxygen- and hydrogen-containing adsorbates on Pt nanoparticles of various sizes and on extended surfaces were analyzed through DFT calculations by making use of the generalized coordination numbers of the surface sites. This simple and predictive descriptor links the geometric arrangement of a surface to its adsorption properties. It generates linear adsorption-energy trends, captures finite-size effects, and provides more accurate descriptions than d-band centers and usual coordination numbers. Unlike electronic-structure descriptors, which require knowledge of the densities of states, it is calculated manually. Finally, it was shown that an approximate equivalence exists between generalized coordination numbers and d-band centers.

New Trends in Nanoparticles: Syntheses and Their Applications to Fuel Cells, Health Care, and Magnetic Storage

AbstractThis paper reviews important research on chemical and electrochemical synthesis and application of nanoparticles, especially our recent results in this field: (i) catalytic metal nanoparticles for micro‐fuel cells, (ii) magnetic oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery systems, and (iii) magnetic metal nanoparticles for magnetic recording media. To fulfill the requirements of each application, we chose and modified those synthetic methods for obtaining suitable properties, e.g., morphology, catalytic activity, and magnetic properties. (i) For micro‐fuel cells, electrodeposition is attractive because of its selective deposition onto current collectors and possible elimination of an annealing process. As a result, we have successfully synthesized Pt, PtRu alloy, and PdCo alloy, which consisted of dendritic structures macroscopically and of interconnected nanoparticles microscopically. (ii) For drug delivery systems, since magnetic nanoparticles should possess ferromagnetism, be dispersible in water, and be nontoxic, Fe3O4 nanoparticles synthesized by hydrolysis in aqueous media are suitable. As a result, we have successfully controlled the size (10–40 nm in diameter) and the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles by means of adjusting the molar ratio of ferrous to ferric ions in the precursor solution. (iii) For magnetic recording materials, since magnetic nanoparticles should possess high coercivity, a controlled shape, and a uniform small size, we have modified a chemical method for synthesizing FePt by adjusting the growth temperature. As a result, we have succeeded in synthesizing FePt nanoparticles with a controlled shape (cubic) and a uniform size (ca. 5.6 nm).

WTEC panel report on nanostructure science and technology: R&D status and trends in nanoparticles, nanostructured materials, and nanodevices

Foreword. Table of Contents. Executive Summary. 1. Introduction and Overview R.W. Siegel. 2. Synthesis and Assembly E.L. Hu, D.T. Shaw. 3. Dispersions and Coatings J. Mendel. 4. High Surface Area Materials D.M. Cox. 5. Functional Nanoscale Devices H. Goronkin, et al. 6. Bulk Behavior of Nanostructured Materials C. Koch. 7. Biologically Related Aspects of Nanoparticles, Nanostructured Materials, and Nanodevices L. Jelinski. 8. Research Programs on Nanotechnology in the World M.C. Roco. Appendices.