Trend Line Equations Research Articles

Load Proportion Factors for Metal Railing Systems

Computer models of 20 metal railing systems were created and analyzed to determine the lateral distribution of load and the sharing of load between posts in a multispan rail system. Single rail, double rail, triple rail, and picket rail pipe railing systems with two and four continuous spans of 0.9144 m (36 in.), 1.2192 m (48 in.), 1.524 m (60 in.), or 1.8288 m (72 in.) were considered. The resulting distribution of load between the adjacent posts was compared to the design nomograph that currently defines the practice. Trend line equations extracted from this data showed that the different railing types produced varied degrees of load sharing under the same loading conditions. Recommendations for load proportion factors that differ from the current recommendations are provided.

Velocity-Porosity relationship in clastic formations – a case study from some parts of Niger Delta, Nigeria

Velocity-Porosity relationship in some parts of Niger Delta was studiesd with a view to establish the velocity-porosity relationship and the generalized equation(s) that best describe this relationship in clastic formations. Five wireline logs were acquired for the study. Neutron porosity log data was converted to synthetic velocity (VTA) using time-average equation of Wyllie (1956), and the sonic porosity log was converted to sonic velocity (Vsonic). The results were presented as velocity-porosity crossplots with the trend line equations and the coefficient of correlation. The results give a distinct inverse velocity-porosity relationship; i.e. velocity decreasing with increasing porosity. The velocity-porosity relationships established from both sonic log (Vsonic) and time-average formulation are best described by polynomial fitting of 2nd order. Two generalized equations of high coefficient of correlation, which can be used to calculate compressional velocity (Vp) from porosity values in clastic formations, were established from these relationship. Keywords: porosity, velocity, compressional, polynomial and clastic Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Vol. 12(1) 2006: 125-128