Global Economic Trends Research Articles

ДЕРЖАВНА ПОЛІТИКА СТРУКТУРНОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ СТАРОПРОМИСЛОВИХ РЕГІОНІВ УКРАЇНИ В ПЕРІОД ПОВОЄННОГО ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ

Проблема розвитку регіонів, які в умовах втрати ваги індустріальних чинників економічного зростання потерпають від економічного спаду, є в полі уваги сучасної регіональної політики на світовому, зокрема європейському, рівні. Структурні трансформації у таких регіонах відбуваються з урахуванням вимог постіндустріального суспільства за рахунок комплексного застосування інструментів регіональної, структурної та промислової політики. Для України вирішення проблем розвитку таких регіонів потребує оновлення концепту державної політики, заснованого на врахуванні глобальних економічних тенденцій зміни принципів розміщення продуктивних сил; посиленні інституційного впливу на специфічні властивості регіонів (ендогенну депресивність, структурну і соціальну інертність); підвищенні ступеня інклюзивності регіональних ринків праці, забезпеченні вбудовування регіональних економік у світові ланцюжки доданої вартості на засадах неоіндустріалізації. Упровадження оновленого концепту структурних трансформацій старопромислових регіонів є важливим у межах реалізації загального Плану післявоєнного відновлення економіки України. Сформовані рекомендації із забезпечення ефективних структурних змін у старопромислових регіонах України на підставі оновленого концепту державної політики стосуються усунення проблемних моментів державної регіональної та галузевої політик і покращення їх скоординованості між собою. Основними шляхами модернізації економіки регіонів на засадах запропонованого концептуального підходу визначено вдосконалення вітчизняного інституційного забезпечення регіонального розвитку; подолання недосконалості та нестабільності галузевого законодавства (зокрема, у сфері реструктуризації вугільної галузі); урахування особливостей структурної трансформації старопромислових регіонів у політиці післявоєнної відбудови економіки України.

Thirty years of economic transition in the former Soviet Union: Macroeconomic dimension

The paper contains a retrospective analysis of macroeconomic policy and reforms in the countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU) from 1992 to 2021, after obtaining political and economic independence in 1991. Special attention is given to problems of macroeconomic stabilization and economic growth. As a result of structural distortions inherited from the Soviet economy and the slow pace of economic and institutional reforms, the FSU countries suffered from a long and deep output decline in the 1990s. Their post-transition growth recovery in the 2000s did not last long. Furthermore, they remain vulnerable to both domestic and external economic shocks. Given the limited predictability of post-COVID global economic trends and the damaging consequences of the war in Ukraine, this vulnerability will likely continue in the next couple of years.

The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Economic Growth in the Region

The article studies problems of civilization development, which implies the conflict of interests of business proprietors, big multinational corporations and society urge towards sustainable development. The UN goals of sustainable development include environment protection, improving wellbeing of countries and overcoming poverty. Multinational corporations and regional enterprises stick to principles of corporate social responsibility, which partially comply with goals of sustainable development, but orient towards support of business proprietors’ wellbeing. Trends in global economy show that some multinationals by the level of their profits surpass the majority of countries. Thus, economic giants can render serious impact on state policy of the region, environmental situation and population prosperity. But companies and proprietors are interested only in allocating resources to developing countries, which prevents them from working for the goals of sustainable development. According to UN reports, confrontation and conflict between capital and society resulted in slow and complicated realization of goals of sustainable development. The author put forward a number of steps aimed at elimination of misbalance towards predominance of goals of sustainable development.

Design of Performance Evaluation Algorithm for Diversified Talent Training in Modern Universities Considering Innovative Thinking

The global economic trends and the winds of technological change have elevated the status of integration between industry and education for innovation and entrepreneurship. Technologies and the Internet have significantly changed all aspects of our lives. College education has improved as a result of the enormous benefits of the Internet and big data. Reforms and development have still a lot of application space in the training and practice of educational technology talents of a college education. To improve the performance evaluation capabilities of educational technology experts in Chinese universities through education and “Internet +” has become a challenge that has to be addressed. This article is under such a formal background to have a detailed study about the current college education in China. In this study, an analysis is presented for the performance evaluation of the education technology talent training in modern universities based on big data technology. A fuzzy evaluation algorithm based on composite elements is proposed to evaluate the multielement and multilevel college education system. Experimental results illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The proposed method has the potential to solve the complicated performance evaluation problem in colleges.

Re-Visioning Borders: Mobility, Connectivity, and Spaces of Exception

Already, the 21st century has seen an unprecedented increase in cross-border movements of people, goods, information, and financial capital. Numerous incentives and facilitators have expanded international interconnectedness and mobility, so altering the conventional nature and functions of state borders, as captured by the “new mobilities” paradigm. Yet the weaponization of global economic interdependencies and other trends towards deglobalization mean there is now a growing pressure on governments to re-establish the conventional attributes of borders. Against the current mobility and security backdrop, this collection of articles takes stock of the meaning, roles, and practices of border activities. Now is the moment to consider the special role that borders perform as an institution of state security in a contemporary world exposed to massive international flows of people and goods, as well as technologically-driven control and management systems.

Australian State and Territory Eclectic Approaches to Obesity Prevention in the Early Years: Policy Mapping and Perspectives of Senior Health Officials.

BackgroundThe international increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity has hastened in recent decades. This rise has coincided with the emergence of comorbidities in childhood—such as type II diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, sleep apnoea and hypertension—formerly only described in adulthood. This phenomenon suggests global social and economic trends are impacting on health supportive environments. Obesity prevention is complex and necessitates both long-term and systems approaches. Such an approach considers the determinants of health and how they interrelate to one another. Investment in the early years (from conception to about 5 years of age) is a key life stage to prevent obesity and establish lifelong healthy habits relating to nutrition, physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep. In Australia, obesity prevention efforts are spread across national and state/territory health departments. It is not known from the literature how, with limited national oversight, state and territory health departments approach obesity prevention in the early years.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study including policy mapping and interviews with senior officials from each Australian state/territory health department. A series of questions were developed from the literature to guide the policy mapping, drawing on the World Health Organisation Ending Childhood Obesity Report, and adapted to the state/territory context. The policy mapping was iterative. Prior to the interviews initial policy mapping was undertaken. During the interviews, these policies were discussed, and participants were asked to supply any additional policies of relevance to obesity prevention. The semi-structured interviews explored the approaches to obesity prevention taken in each jurisdiction and the barriers and enablers faced for policy implementation. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data, using NVivo software.ResultsState and territory approaches to obesity prevention are eclectic and while there are numerous similarities between jurisdictions, no two states are the same. The diversity of approaches between jurisdictions is influenced by the policy culture and unique social, geographic, and funding contexts in each jurisdiction. No Australian state/territory had policies against all the guiding questions. However, there are opportunities for sharing and collaborating within and between Australian jurisdictions to establish what works, where, and for whom, across Australia's complex policy landscape.ConclusionsEven within a single country, obesity prevention policy needs to be adaptable to local contexts. Opportunities for jurisdictions within and between countries to share, learn, and adapt their experiences should be supported and sustained funding provided.

ОБЗОР ПОЗИТИВНЫХ ТЕНДЕНЦИЙ И МИРОВОЙ ОПЫТ СОХРАНЕНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ МАЛЫХ ГОРОДОВ

What is happening in the global economy change is inevitable ska-outlined the way forward on the situation of small and medium-sized cities, providing both positive and negative effects, providing new opportunities for the development or threatening the very existence of municipalities. The negative processes include the acceleration of planetary migration flows, the difference in the socio-economic development of different regions of the country, the geographical remoteness of settlements from each other, the unresolved problems of single-industry towns, as well as competition from megacities. At the same time, a number of positive processes (better environment, peace and quiet, affordable housing) make small and medium-sized cities an attractive place to stay and rest for many citizens of our country and foreigners. The contradictory trends suggest arguments for and against the consolidation of urban settlements. 
 Due to the ambiguity of the situation in the development of state programs for the development of urban areas of small and medium format, it is necessary to approach each specific case separately, taking into account the peculiarities of the population point, trying to preserve the diversity of urban construction in Russia. A skillful combination of state support and rapid response to global economic and social trends will enable the best way to realize the benefits of small and medium-sized cities.

Slowing of World Economy Growth: Analysis of Key Reasons

The article is devoted to the analysis of the key reasons for the slowdown in the global economy. According to the analysis, the slowdown in the global economy is caused by the following seven key reasons: trade wars and the aggravation of trade relations in the international economic market; global instability and technological uncertainty; risks of increased financial uncertainty; the impossibility on the part of some countries to overcome the consequences of the global crisis and the sanctions policy of the West; reformatting of economic activity in a political manner; wave of debt accumulation in developing countries; slowdown in labor productivity growth. The authors conclude that the global economic slowdown trend has a long-term perspective.

Islamic Extremism Strategy of “Near and Far Enemy” (From the 1980s Till Now)

In the 1980s, the “Al-Qaeda” launched the tactics of the struggle against the “Near and Far Enemy”. It found its ideological grounds in the Islamic extremism in the 1980-90s with practical implications, affecting the current geopolitical and global economic trends in the Muslim world and well beyond it. In the Islamic extremism ideology, this strategy also received textual-substantive justifications of symbolic perceptions, which, of course, influenced the behaviour of extremists. The present research attempts to investigate the peculiarities of the tactics mentioned, which were masterminded and enriched by the ideologists of Islamic extremism, becoming one of the motives of the activities of Islamic extremists starting from the 1980s up to the current developments and one of the grounds for targets of Jihad.

THE METAVERSE AS A GLOBAL ECONOMIC TREND

The article discusses a new global trend in the development of the economy called the “metaverse”, announced in October 2021 by Mark Elliot Zuckerberg as a result of improved interaction between a person and new information technologies (digitalization), including the real world, virtual space, the spiritual world and the fantasy world as interconnected levels. Based on the approaches of various authors, the author’s vision of the metaverse as a transformational stage in the subsequent development of the digital economy is proposed through the use of end-to-end technologies such as Big data, gamification technologies, augmented (AR) and virtual reality (VR), blockchain and others: the concept is defined, presented the main elements, the principles of the functioning of the metaverse, its advantages and disadvantages are disclosed. In the course of the study of futurologists’ forecasts, a strategic assumption was made that the metaverse as a global economic trend can contribute to the transformation of the chaos of future digitalization into an interaction system, become a platform for economic entities and a successful strategic project.

Topic-based classification and identification of global trends for startup companies

To foresee global economic trends, one needs to understand the present startup companies that soon may become new market leaders. In this paper, we explore textual descriptions of more than 250 thousand startups in the Crunchbase database. We analyze the 2009–2019 period by using topic modeling. We propose a novel classification of startup companies free from expert bias that contains 38 topics and quantifies the weight of each of these topics for all the startups. Taking the year of establishment and geographical location of the startups into account, we measure which topics were increasing or decreasing their share over time, and which of them were predominantly present in Europe, North America, or other regions. We find that the share of startups focused on data analytics, social platforms, and financial transfers, and time management has risen, while an opposite trend is observed for mobile gaming, online news, and online social networks as well as legal and professional services. We also identify strong regional differences in topic distribution, suggesting certain concentration of the startups. For example, sustainable agriculture is presented stronger in South America and Africa, while pharmaceutics, in North America and Europe. Furthermore, we explore which pairs of topics tend to co-occur more often together, quantify how multisectoral the startups are, and which startup classes attract more investments. Finally, we compare our classification to the one existing in the Crunchbase database, demonstrating how we improve it.

30 years of economic reforms in the post-Soviet space: Macroeconomic processes

The paper contains a retrospective analysis of macroeconomic policy and macroeconomic reforms in the post-Soviet countries in 1992—2021, that is, after obtaining political and economic independence at the end of 1991. Special attention is paid to the problems of macroeconomic stabilization and economic growth. As a result of structural distortions inherited from the Soviet economy and slow pace of economic and institutional reforms, the countries of the former Soviet Union suffered from the long and deep output decline in the 1990s, and their post-transition growth recovery in the 2000s did not last long. Furthermore, they remain vulnerable to both domestic and external economic shocks. Given a limited predictability of post-COVID global economic trends, this vulnerability will continue, most likely, in the next couple of years.

Corporate carbon disclosure, financing structure, and total factor productivity: evidence from Chinese heavy polluting enterprises.

Low-carbon economy has become the current global economic development trend, and corporate carbon disclosure has attracted more and more attention from scholars and investors. This study creatively explores the mechanism of corporate carbon disclosure on total factor productivity with financing structure as a mediating variable. The content analysis method is employed to assess carbon disclosure that is suitable for Chinese enterprises. Through the mediating effect model and Sobel test, the internal mechanism of carbon disclosure affecting total factor productivity is analyzed, with Chinese heavy polluting enterprises from 2015 to 2018 as research samples. The results show that, firstly, carbon disclosure has a positive effect on the improvement of total factor productivity. The effect of monetary carbon disclosure on the improvement of total factor productivity is higher than that of non-monetary carbon disclosure. Secondly, the financing structure has a mediating effect between carbon disclosure and total factor profductivity, and the mediating effect of internal financing capabilities is better than those of external financing costs. Finally, external financing costs and internal financing capabilities have mediating effects in both heterogeneous carbon disclosure and total factor productivity. The mediating effect of internal financing capabilities is significantly higher than the mediating effect of external financing costs. The effect of monetary carbon disclosure on total factor productivity indirectly through internal financing capabilities is higher than that of non-monetary carbon disclosure.

The small world of global marine crude oil trade based on crude oil tanker flows

Global marine crude oil trade is a direct reflection of global economic trends. This study uses the real-world historical ship automatic identification system (AIS) data from 2014 to 2017 to explore the flows of crude oil tanker trade between ports and construct a port-node global crude oil trade model. An analysis framework of “AIS data -> crude oil tanker trade flows -> port-node crude oil trade network -> port-node crude oil trade backbone network” is proposed to realize the progressive analysis of global marine crude oil trade. The global port-node crude oil trade network is a small world, in which there are multiple small world port-node trade communities. Compared with the community structure of the global port-node crude oil trade in previous years, the Middle East–Southern Africa–South Asia–Oceania–Asia Pacific community and the Southern Africa–China community have more activities in port nodes and trade links in 2017, which reflects that the Asia-Pacific region, especially East Asian countries, is making efforts to expand the Oceania and African markets and increase the diversity of crude oil import sources to ensure the security of crude oil supply and demand.

Improving Education for Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Chinese Technical Universities: A Quest for Building a Sustainable Framework

The global economic trends and the winds of technological change have elevated the status of integration between industry and education for innovation and entrepreneurship to that of being a national strategic priority of China. However, for a long time prior to that, the many differences between the industrial and educational systems have caused a rift between education for innovation and entrepreneurship and professional education, a profound disconnection between professional education and the local industries, and the subsequent disinterest of entrepreneurial mentors. In this paper, we analyze the status of education for innovation and entrepreneurship in Chinese technical universities. It is pointed out that technical universities should deepen the integration between the industry and education for innovation and entrepreneurship in order to mitigate the imbalance between the supply side of the higher education talent training and the demand side of industrial development. It is also argued that technical universities should change their talent training paradigm, which includes a makeover of the organizational structure and of the curricular system, as well as make amends in the innovation ecosystem with respect to the organization of incubation platforms and of teacher–student teams, in order to promote national and regional economic development, as well as social progress. A method to evaluate the performance of the education for innovation and entrepreneurship in Chinese technical universities, based on specific performance indicators including patents filled, publications, awards in competitions, and acquired funding and on certain non-specific ones including organizational arrangements and satisfaction rates, is presented and then applied to the specific case of the Changzhou Institute of Technology.

FORMATION OF INTELLECTUALIZATION SCENARIOS OF THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT: ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC SECURITY

Purpose. Justification of the intellectualization scenarios of the construction industry development and target orientations in preserving the state of economic security. Methodology. To achieve the goal, analytical studies were performed using the methods of statistical and functional analysis, comparison, graphic method Causal Loop Diagram (CLD), and scenario approach. Results. Attention is focused on topical issues of intellectualization of the development of the construction industry. It was claimed that in the conditions of the post-war Ukraine reconstruction, the restoration of industrial and social importance objects, which were destroyed and damaged as a result of military aggression, there is a need for the latest drivers of the construction industry potential growth, the formation of scenarios for its development, considering innovation and complex intellectualization of the primary and auxiliary processes. The prerequisites for making a qualitative jump in a short period, considering the preservation of the economic security parameters of the industry, have been studied. It has been found that global economic trends and priorities of the development of industrial production aim researchers and practitioners at the formation of intellectualization scenarios of the construction industry development, considering the main principles of its design: functional compatibility, virtualization, modularity, and digitization of processes while ensuring a rational level of economic security. Attention is focused on the formation of development scenarios in unstable external economic environment conditions involves the determination of cause-and-effect relationships of influencing factors, the development of alternatives for internal adaptation, and the establishment of ties with the external environment. It has been proven that one should consider the dual nature of the impact of innovative activity on the state of economic security of economic entities: on the one hand, as an objective and indisputable condition for progressive changes, and on the other - a zone of growth of external and internal threats. Scientific novelty. Based on the analysis of feedback diagrams (Causal Loop Diagram (CLD)) of the system "Intellectualization of development - safety" components of the construction industry, intellectualization scenarios of the construction industry development, considering the aspects of economic security are presented. Practical significance. The study results form a scientific and practical basis for a successful shift in priorities towards the innovative transformation of the construction industry with the involvement of leading technologies, automation and robotization of the primary and auxiliary construction processes, and an increase in intellectual capital

NEW WORLD ECONOMIC ORDER: TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS

The global economic and political trends accelerate the process leading to global economic restructuring and the formation of a new world economic order. There are different approaches and understanding of the problem of restructuring the world economy. Some believe that there is some kind of shadow “Elite of Power” in the world, which holds in its hands a controlling stake in the entire world economy, forms the main world processes, appoints and removes national governments, unleashes wars, sets prices, determines the priority areas of science and the courses of national currencies. Such interpretations have historical roots and testify to the existence at different times of all kinds of secret societies or castes of "initiates" who carefully guarded the secrets of power and knowledge, playing a key role in the most important episodes in the history of mankind, starting with the French Revolution and the victory of the Bolsheviks in Russia in October 1917 and ending with the confrontation of the superpowers, etc. Our task is not to reveal the essence of secret societies and their role in world civilization. More important is the task of identifying the main outlines of the structure known as the world government, which began to emerge at the end of the last century. The Bilderberg Club founded in 1954 with the help of the global political, financial and industrial elite can serve as a prototype for such a government. In 1973, the Trilateral Commission was formed with the dominant role of the "troika": the USA, Britain and Japan.

Nove tehnologije i uloga kriptovaluta na nivou investicionog portfolija

New technologies have a significant role in modern financial markets. The application of new technologies, application and software solutions has enabled financial institutions and individual and institutional investors to use mathematical-statistical and econometric models, which are based on analysis and evaluation of investment portfolios, financial risk assessment and extrapolation, as well as predictability related to cyclical economic trends, which are directly reflected in the investment portfolio. Due to the impact of the financial crisis, and especially due to global negative economic trends caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, alternative forms of financial assets that are directly created by the application of new technologies are becoming increasingly important in the international financial market. These alternative forms of financial assets are presented as cryptocurrencies. Bitcoin is the first cryptocurrency in the global financial market, and Ethereum is the second cryptocurrency in terms of market turnover. In this regard, arises the question: "Do these two leading cryptocurrencies have a significant impact on the modern financial market, as well as on the decision of individual and institutional investors regarding a different structure of the investment portfolio?" Restructuring the investment portfolio by including cryptocurrencies, aims to achieve portfolio diversification in order to better manage market and financial risks. This paper will analyze the impact of cryptocurrencies, their volatility, turnover volume and the possibility of using them as alternative financial assets of an optimal investment portfolio.

Ecological Technosphere as the Basic Context of the Formation of the Sociotechnical Landscape

Relevance. The rapid development of the technosphere has played a huge role in the qualitative change of numerous processes in all spheres of human social life. The evolution of the modern anthropo-techno sphere, including the formation of the latest technologies, has led to the emergence of the sociotechnical landscape (STL). STL, being a system of representation of various phenomena of the ecological technosphere, at the same time causes various problems and provides significant opportunities for humanity. All this makes it necessary to determine the prospects for the greening of the technosphere, as well as the main trends in the influence of STL models on modern society, man and the environment. The purpose is conducting a philosophical analysis of the ecological technosphere as the basic context of the formation of the sociotechnical landscape (STL).Objectives: to define the essence of the concept of "ecological technosphere" in its relationship with the new socio-cultural model of the lifestyle of human civilization; consider the TABLE construct as an explication of the ecological technosphere and the anthropoecological system as a whole; to trace the formation of STL through the prism of industrial revolutions; describe Industry 4.0 as a result of the integration and combination of the effects of multiple technologies; to identify the main prospects for further interaction between the technosphere and the ecosphere.Methodology. To substantiate the concept of anthropological complementarity, assuming the fact that human activity includes simultaneous subordination to nature and control over it, an analysis of the processes and mechanisms that underlie the formation of STL as an explication of the ecological technosphere was carried out.Results. The presented manuscript presents the results of the philosophical analysis of the STEEL construct as an explication of the ecological technosphere and the anthropoecological system as a whole. In the course of this study, the formation of STL was considered through the prism of industrial revolutions, and the main prospects for further interaction between the technosphere and the ecosphere were identified.Conclusions. Conducting an interdisciplinary analysis of the role of the technosphere as a determining factor in the development and formation of all other technical systems and products is an urgent and significant problem. A comprehensive study of the ecological technosphere as the basic context of the formation of STL is necessary, due to the fact that it created the prerequisites for the emergence of artificial intelligence and convergent technologies, which currently determine global economic, cultural, social and industrial trends.

Сучасні глобальні тенденції економіки

Today, the world is trying to maintain a global tendency in the development of a sustainable economy, responding to various threats, risks and challenges: the COVID-19 pandemic; political instability; wars; the formation of multipolarity of the world; spread of processes of technologization and digitalization, energy imbalances; demographic and environmental problems, etc. The purpose of the article is to study global tendencies in the development of the world economy, the influence of destabilizing factors, the selection of megatrends, which are caused by the formation of a post-industrial mode of production. It is specified that economic megatrends are formed as result of technological revolutions and changes in the mode of production. According to the content of these transformations, the current stage of society’s life represents the beginning of the development of post-industrial relations. This type of technical, economic and socioeconomic relations determines the long-term vectors of economic development, which are based on basic innovations – digital technologies, artificial intelligence, quantum computing, etc. It is stated that big trends, or megatrends, are manifestations of long-term vector changes. However, in the current periods of their objectification, megatrends are influenced by many factors – there is an adjustment of the current dynamics within the framework of the general determining trend of economic development. It is emphasized that the most significant in our time is the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to the weakening of international economic ties and the rupture of supply chains. This was followed almost immediately by the russian military invasion of Ukraine, the consequences of which affect the social (including economic) life not only of European countries, but also of the world in general. The cumulative and repeatedly enhanced due to their simultaneity, the negative impact of these factors significantly adjusts the parameters of global economic trends – temporal, structural and others – at present. It is found that in 2022 there is a decrease in the global economic growth rate to 2.9% compared to the growth rate in 2021 by 5.7%, and, according to the forecast, during 2023-2024 there will be no compensation. In such a situation, inflation will remain high, which could lead to a sharp global recession along with financial crises in some market-based and emerging economies. It is determined that the dynamics of GDP of the pre-pandemic and pre-war period highlighted the outstripping growth rate of the economy in developing countries, compared with the dynamics of GDP of developed countries. The carried out studies have shown that a larger share of world GDP is created in developed countries, and by 2032 the contribution by groups of countries (developed / developing) will not become equal, although it will gravitate towards this parity. The prognosticated paces of global economic growth by region in 2023–2024 are examined. The significant negative impact on the world economy of russia’s invasion of Ukraine in general and in certain regions in particular is emphasized. It is concluded that the harshest consequences of the war would be for Europe and Central Asia. A slowdown in growth this year is forecast in all regions other than the Middle East and North Africa – that is, in those regions where countries can benefit from energy prices. For all regions with a market and a developing economy, the following risks occur: increased geopolitical tensions; rising inflation and food shortages; financial stress and increasing the cost of loans; new outbreaks of COVID-19, etc. It is noted that the need to reduce the negative impact of these risks led to the search by society for such directions of development that would become an impetus for economic growth and restore market activity. In the period of formation of the post-industrial technological mode of production, nano-, bio-, info-, cognitive technologies became decisive. The carried out research provides grounds to assert that the six economies named by the UN (exabyte, welfare, carbon-neutral, closed cycle, biogrowth, impressions) are megatrends, since such transformations are the result of the formation of a post-industrial mode of production – a special type of relations: technical and economic (productive forces) and socioeconomic (production relations).