Treatment Of Textile Effluent Research Articles

Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Prediction of Textile Effluent Treatment Efficiency Using Anaerobic Process

ABSTRACTThe prediction of pollutants removal efficiency from the generated effluent of a treatment plant is valuable and can reduce the time, sampling and energy required during performance assessment. The present study aims to predict the effect of different input parameters on the treatment efficiency of the developed microbial‐based anaerobic process for textile effluent using machine leaning algorithms. The decolourisation and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction of the treated effluent were predicted on the basis of the three different input parameters pH, COD and colour value of the textile wastewater. The effectiveness of different machine learning algorithms, support vector machines (SVM), random forest (RF), gradient boost regressor (GBR), AdaBoost, extreme gradient boosting (XGB) regressor and voting regressor, were evaluated based on the correlation coefficient (R2) value. The results revealed that the RF achieved the highest accuracy for decolourisation (training data R2: ∼0.85 and test data R2: ∼0.84) as well as COD reduction (training data R2: ∼0.87 and test data R2: ∼0.94) compared to the other algorithms. These results were validated experimentally, confirming that RF can be used as a tool to predict the performance efficiency of a microbial‐based treatment system.

Utilizing electrooxidation for textile effluent wastewater treatment and simultaneous electrocatalytic hydrogen production: Transforming waste into energy and promoting water reuse in a circular economy context

Textile effluent wastewater poses a serious environmental risk because of its high concentration of pollutants, which include organic compounds, heavy metals, and dyes. The present study investigates the technical and economic feasibility of hybrid water electrolysis performances. Specifically, real textile effluent wastewater was utilised to examine simultaneous abatement and electrochemical hydrogen production. The treated water can be recycled in the textile mill, offering the benefits of trash-to-treasure and cost savings through the circular economy. In addition to reducing the environmental impact of textile wastewater, the synergistic approach seeks to maximise its potential for producing hydrogen as clean energy. Here, the commercially available stainless sheet was used as the anode in the electrochemical setup system and the two-dimensional Ti3C2TX MXene was used as the catalyst embedded cathode. The optimal electrode-electrolyte parameter settings resulted in an 83 % decrease in COD level and a degradation efficiency of about 88 %. The potential for widespread adoption in the textile industry is highlighted by the discussion of the economic viability and environmental advantages of using wastewater from textile effluents for pollutant degradation and hydrogen production. Hence, the energy estimation was looked at and estimated in order to evaluate the process viability. For instance, the hybrid electrolysis process uses a very small amount of electricity (0.825 kWh m−3 order−1) and has an apparent operating current (30 mA/cm2). This work could serve as a guide for the methodical assessment and choice of hybrid water electrolysis using actual wastewater. The electrode's recyclability and reuse were proven for possible commercial applications. The stability of the Ti3C2TX electrode over a wide pH range was investigated in order to produce hydrogen on a big scale at a reasonable cost.

Benchmarking of key performance factors in textile industry effluent treatment processes for enhanced environmental remediation

This article presents a comprehensive benchmarking analysis of merit performance factors in the Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP) of the textile industry. The study aims to identify and evaluate key factors that contribute to the efficient operation and performance of ETPs. The performance of ETP was analyzed by valuable data gained from figures of PH, Dissolved oxygen, Dissolved solids, Suspended solids, Density, COD and BOD. The technical trends showed the deviations in the working conditions of Effluent Treatment Plant by variation in temperature. This variation is achieved by varying the settling time of wastewater in the sedimentation tank during the working process. The required dosing, plant efficiency and economic factors were taken into account. The Plant efficiency was determined to be 83.5% at normal conditions of water entering at temperature of 30°C and pressure of 1 atm along with addition of coagulants and flocculants in the wastewater. While the efficiency of the ETP plant was calculated about 88% using a Compact photometer at elevated conditions of temperature such as > 45°C, while at other temperatures the efficiency decreases significantly due to several reasons. The operating time of water treatment was decreased due to the variations in temperature of wastewater while other conditions kept constant like pressure, flow rates of water and chemicals (Polyacrylamide and Polymeric Ferric Sulfate). The usage of coagulants and flocculants at optimum conditions has been discussed in this study.

Effect of High-Rate Aeration in the Electrocoagulation Treatment of Pharmaceutical and Synthetic Textile Industrial Wastewater Effluents

Despite the extensive literature on the effects of implementing aeration in the electrocoagulation (EC) treatment of industrial wastewater, few studies evaluate the performance of this technique at high aeration rates. In this work, we present the outcomes derived from EC treatment of pharmaceutical and synthetic textile wastewater effluents in two lab-scale reactors with and without aeration, each equipped with different electrode combinations of aluminium and iron (Al/Al, Al/Fe, and Fe/Fe). In the non-aerated EC reactor, maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) reductions of 56% and 80% were achieved for the pharmaceutical and textile effluents, respectively, with up to 100% removal of turbidity and colour with the Al/Al combination. The installation of high-rate aeration to prevent sludge accumulation on the electrode surface markedly reduced residence times and enhanced the COD removal in the pharmaceutical effluent. However, this implementation potentially reduced the process efficiency for thesynthetic textile effluent as prolonged operation led to flocculation breakdown and subsequent re-dissolution of the contaminants in the water.

Management and Performance Analysis of Textile Effluent Treatment Plants in Laundries of The Local Productive Arrangement of Pernambuco

Objective: The present study aimed to assess 10 laundries for compliance with Brazilian legislation Theoretical Framework: The Local Productive Arrangement (APL) of Pernambuco plays a crucial role in job creation and economic growth in the state. However, the jeans beneficiation process consumes a significant amount of water and involves the use of various chemicals, which generate effluents with high organic loads, color, and toxicity. This has caused serious environmental problems. The issue is exacerbated during prolonged drought periods and by intermittent river flows, which reduce the natural self-purification capacity of the rivers. Method: A total of 334 influent and effluent samples were collected. All the laundries studied employed physicochemical treatment processes (flocculation followed by sedimentation). Results and Discussion: The WWTPs proved to be efficient in the removal of settleable solids, demonstrating that the coagulation and flocculation processes are effective for this purpose, even in scenarios with management deficiencies. On the other hand, poor operation of the treatment plants has resulted in other parameters, such as pH, oils, and greases, being out of compliance with current legislation. The efficiency in reducing BOD was highly inconsistent, with fluctuations ranging from over 90% efficiency to negative values, indicating significant operational issues. High concentrations of organic matter can compromise oxygen levels in the receiving bodies. It is essential to intensify monitoring and improve treatment processes to mitigate negative environmental impacts.

Integrating azo dye degradation and lipid accumulation by Candida tropicalis and Pichia kudriavzevii along with insights into underlying metabolomics for treatment of textile effluents

Azo compounds, extensively utilized across various industries, contribute to the release of toxic effluents that are detrimental to both the environment and human health. Traditional methods for azo dye removal often result in harmful byproducts or concentrated sludge, complicating disposal efforts. This study explores the potential of two yeast strains, Candida tropicalis and Pichia kudriavzevii, to effectively decolorize azo dyes (TD4, TD5, and TD6) while simultaneously accumulating lipids. The cultures achieved 80–90 % decolorization of the selected dyes during incubation, with Pichia showing higher efficiency across multiple dyes compared to Candida. Lipid profiling identified valuable fatty acids, such as palmitic acid and oleic acid, with potential applications in biofuels and other industries. Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis revealed a reduction in TOC, indicating degradation and mineralization of the dyes by the yeasts. Metabolic profiling via LC-MS confirmed the degradation, showing the presence of intermediates such as azoles, azolines, isoquinolines, pyridines, and benzopyrans in dye-supplemented cultures. Additionally, pathways related to energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, drug metabolism (cytochrome P450), degradation of aromatic compounds, and steroid biosynthesis were enriched in the dye-treated cultures. Lipid output in the presence of dyes ranged from 40 % to 90 %. The study thus demonstrates a proof of concept for economically viable lipid production combined with efficient dye removal, presenting a sustainable solution to environmental and industrial challenges.

Tailored nano clay blends for enhanced dye mixture adsorption in wastewater treatment

Natural clays are eco-friendly, cost-effective, and industrially acceptable adsorbents employed in wastewater treatment. Textile effluents contains mixture of dyes where a single adsorbent often fails to treat completely. Herein, the simplest strategy for the efficient treatment of effluent with multicomponent pollutants using an tailored blend of two clay minerals has been presented. This strategy was studied using a binary blend of halloysite and montmorillonite clays (HAMT) to remove a mixture of industrial dyes, reactive Black-B (BB) and methyl red (MR) from the model effluent. Here, halloysite (HA) and montmorillonite (MT) selectively adorbs reactive black-B and methyl red respectively and could not completely treat model effluent individually whereas HAMT blend proved to be most effective. HAMT blend was prepared by convenient ultra-sonication assisted solution process and characterized using the various analytical techniques such as FT-IR, DR-UV spectra, XRD and SEM to determine structural, morphological features. Adsorption of model effluent studied as a function of pH, time, adsorbent loading and adsorbate concentration. The dye removal efficiency was remarkably enhanced when the HAMT blend was used according to the concentration of dyes present in the model effluent. The maximum dye removal efficiency was attained using HAMT (1:1) blend for effluent with an equimolar concentration of selected dyes. Similarly, HAMT (2:1) found suitable for the treatment of real textile effluent collected from local textile industries based on its assessment. This study aids in the development of a tailored adsorbent blend using conventional adsorbents for complex effluent treatment in a cost-effective way, eliminating the need for specialized materials.

Investigating the efficacy of Palladium Doped Ceria for the Photodegradation of Azo Dyes

Ceria (CeO2) was prepared by microwave assisted precipitation method while sonothermal method was utilized for the synthesis of palladium doped ceria (Pd-CeO2) photocatalyst. HR-TEM analysis confirms the face centered cubic geometry (FCC) of CeO2. The particle size of Pd-CeO2 calculated from HR-TEM analysis (7.6±2.18 nm) is in close relation with XRD (8.25±0.25 nm). The SAED pattern of Pd-CeO2 shows the poly crystallinity where the d-spacing was 0.31 and 0.30 nm which corresponds to CeO2 and Pd crystal facets 111 and 100 respectively. The amount of dopant and existence of Pd, Ce and O was confirmed from EDX spectra and elemental mapping. BET surface area analysis of CeO2 (64.45 m2/g), Pd-CeO2 (60.20 m²/g) revealed that the decrease in the surface area of CeO2 due to Pd loading which is confirmed by pore volume (0.079 cm³/g) for CeO2 and pore volume for Pd-CeO2 (0.073 cm³/g). The photocatalytic activity of Pd-CeO2 was screened against a model azo dye Acid red-4 (AR-4). The fluctuation of the rate of photodegradation (PD) of AR-4 was observed under different reaction conditions. Therefore, the reaction parameters were optimized to achieve best catalytic activity up to PD; 98%. The kinetic study suggests that the PD of AR-4 follows 1st order kinetics with regression coefficient (R2=0.973) and rate constant (k=0.024/min). Recycling study revealed the prolong use of catalyst without significant loss of activity. DFT study and experiments revealed the synergism of Pd on the photo response of CeO2. Perhaps this synergistic effect due to metal support interaction, causes redistribution of charges and Fermi energy levels. The synthesized catalyst showed potential application for the treatment of textile industrial effluents.

Construction and evaluation of a CSTR reactor for the treatment of textile effluents.

Construction and evaluation of a CSTR reactor for the treatment of textile effluents.

Optimization of the use of Moringa oleifera in wastewater treatment by rotational central composite design

Textile effluents have a complex waste composition due to the various compounds present and their resistance to degradation. Given the harmful effects of these pollutants on aquatic ecosystems, adequate treatment before disposal is essential, usually involving chemical processes such as coagulation and flocculation. This study optimizes textile wastewater treatment using Moringa oleifera as a natural coagulant through Rotational Central Composite Design (RCCD), a type of Response Surface Methodology (RSM), aiming to improve color removal, a key factor for effluent quality. By exploring Moringa oleifera as a sustainable alternative, the research provides new insights into environmentally friendly coagulant use and treatment optimization. The treatment’s effectiveness depends on the coagulant dosage, the energy applied, and the pollutant concentration. Dye removal was evaluated using spectrophotometry, and the evaluated factors in the optimization process were slow and fast mixing times, coagulant dosage, and pollutant concentration. The study identified pollutant concentration and slow mixing time as the most influential factors in treatment effectiveness. The model achieved a coefficient of determination (R²) of 87.9 %, and maximum dye removal reached 80.2 % under optimal conditions: 30 mL of coagulant, 20 min of slow mixing, 2 min of fast mixing, and a pollutant concentration of 300 mg ∙ L−1. The average removal efficiency was 47.86 %, indicating that natural coagulants offer a viable alternative for textile effluent treatment.

Evaluation of textile effluent treatment plant sludge as supplementary cementitious material in concrete using experimental and machine learning approaches

The growing demand for readymade garments is leading to the production of a large amount of textile effluent sludge (TES) from wastewater treatment plants, which is currently disposed of as backfill, causing land and groundwater contamination. This scenario has prompted researchers to explore the use of industrial waste, such as TES, as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) to mitigate the carbon footprint of cement production. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the fresh, mechanical, non-destructive characteristics, and predictive modeling of mechanical strengths of TES-based concrete. Machine learning models, including random forest (RF) and artificial neural networks (ANN), were utilized to predict compressive and tensile strengths from various input variables. This study also evaluated the alkalinity, specific gravity, oxide content, and surface area of TES. The findings showed a pH of 9.4 and a CaO content of 33.3 %, indicating TES's potential as an SCM. The research further investigated the properties of concrete with 5–20 % cement-replaced TES, using a total binder content of 488.1 kg/m3 and a water-binder ratio of 0.32. The fresh state properties of the 5–15 % TES incorporated concrete produced normal density concrete, with a slump of 100 ± 20 mm, Kelly ball penetration of 45 ± 7 mm, a compaction factor of 0.92 ± 0.05, and a fresh density of 2464 ± 152 kg/m3. At 28 days, concrete with 15 % TES replacement showed a compressive strength of 25.6 MPa and a tensile strength of 2.88 MPa, achieving 76 % of the strength activity index and 72 % of the relative tensile strength. However, the 15 % TES concrete displayed a water permeability coefficient of 4.4 × 10−12 m/s and an electrical resistivity of 31.5 kΩ cm, compared to the control mix's 2.0 × 10−12 m/s and 37.7 kΩ cm. However, the hardened properties declined significantly after replacing 15 % of cement with TES. The mechanical properties were also estimated using ultra pulse velocity and rebound hammer tests, showing a coefficient of determination (R2) higher than 0.87. The RF model demonstrated superior performance with an R2 value of 0.8802 for compressive strength and 0.8518 for tensile strength, outperforming the ANN model's R2 values of 0.8126 and 0.695, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the consistent development of hydration products in the TES-enhanced concrete samples.

Application of layered Nickel/Indium double hydroxide in the highly efficient removal of crystal violet dye from textile effluent

Worldwide freshwater demand will soon exceed supply if measures are not taken to mitigate inadequate wastewater treatment and its indiscriminate release into the environment. The textile industry is one of the largest consumers of freshwater and the third largest contributor to clean water pollution. Conventional treatment of textile effluent is inadequate and expensive. Adsorbent materials obtained from discarded solid waste precursors that contain high amounts of valuable metals can be an inexpensive way to obtain a highly efficient and low-cost wastewater treatment process. This study developed and explored a highly efficient adsorbent layered double hydroxide of Nickel and Indium (Ni/In-LDH) for the adsorption of widely used textile cationic dye, crystal violet (CV). The adsorbent material was synthesized by co-precipitation process of indium nitrate and nickel nitrate. The adsorbent material morphology and its adsorption capacity were investigated in different studies, such as the influence of pH, dosage, kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, ionic strength, adsorbent regeneration capacity, and interaction mechanisms of adsorption. Optimal operating conditions for Ni/In-LDH adsorption revealed maximum adsorption capacity Qmax of 570.94 mg g−1 at starting pH 8 and 60°C, which maintained approximately 75 % of the initial adsorption capacity in three successive adsorption/regeneration cycles. The experimental data fitted Pseudo first order kinetic model (PFO) and the Liu isothermal adsorption model. Thermodynamic studies indicated a spontaneous endothermic adsorption process, and a mechanism of physisorption of CV onto Ni/In-LDH substrate. After FTIR analysis of CV loaded Ni-In/LDH, electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, and n-π bonding interactions were suggested as the interaction mechanisms of adsorption. The Ni/In-LDH demonstrated excellent performance in the removal of CV dye in aqueous solutions compared to other high performing adsorbents.

Enhancement of dye treatment efficiency of TiO2/C3N4 photocatalysts synthesized by hydrothermal method

Abstract Using sunlight to generate energy is a trend to establish a sustainable economy while protecting the environment. Photocatalytic breakdown of organic molecules on the surfaces of semiconductors is an important topic of current research. In this study, competent TiO2/g-C3N4 photocatalysts produced by the hydrothermal technique demonstrated outstanding photoactivity. To determine the best-performing photocatalyst, TiO2/g-C3N4 materials were analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Energy Dispersive X- ray (EDX), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and Differential Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS). XRD results indicate that the addition of C3N4 increases the ratio of TiO2 Anatase. Optical studies unveiled a significant reduction in the forbidden band. The experiments using photocatalysis revealed that the action of TiO2/g-C3N4 on methylene blue (MB) dyes exhibited not only momentous photocatalytic performance but also excellent adsorption ability. The result of this study is anticipated to offer a solid basis for the creation and synthesis of cutting-edge materials for applications including the treatment of textile effluent.

Harnessing magnetic polymeric composites for sustainable treatment of reactive Orange-122 dye and textile effluent: batch and column studies

Harnessing magnetic polymeric composites for sustainable treatment of reactive Orange-122 dye and textile effluent: batch and column studies

Enhanced photodegradation of textile dye wastewater using silane/polymer doped ZnO nanocomposites and antibacterial activity

Accumulation of textile dye wastewater is major global issue that causes negative impact to the ecosystem. This study focuses on industrial textile dye effluent treatment by photodegradation, and degradation of Malachite green dye under sunlight, visible and UV light. ZnO demonstrated hexagonal wurtzite structure with average crystallite size 38 nm for ZnO/PEG, 21 nm for ZnO/PEG/VTES and 17 nm for ZnO/PEG/VTMS. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy revealed nanometer sized particles and purity. Bandgap energy and particle size of ZnO/PEG/VTMS is 102 nm and 3.134 eV is lesser than ZnO/PEG (147 nm, 3.181 eV) and ZnO/PEG/VTES (109 nm, 3.151 eV). Photoluminescence analysis revealed reduced recombination rate of ZnO/PEG/VTMS. Antibacterial efficacy of ZnO/PEG/VTMS was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (35 mm) and Escherichia coli (29 mm). Photodegradation of textile dye wastewater by ZnO/PEG/VTMS under visible and UV light exposure revealed an effective way for textile dye effluent treatment, which maintained its efficiency even after five photodegradation cycles.

High efficiency of treated-phengite clay by sodium hydroxide for the Congo red dye adsorption: Optimization, cost estimation, and mechanism study

Wastewater textile dye treatment is a challenge that requires the development of eco-friendly technology to avoid the alarming problems associated with water scarcity and health-environment. This study investigated the potential of phengite clay as naturally low-cost abundant clay from Tamgroute, Morocco (TMG) that was activated with a 0.1 M NaOH base (TMGB) after calcination at 850 °C for 3 h (TMGC) before its application in the Congo red (CR) anionic dye from the aqueous solution. The effect of various key operational parameters: adsorbent dose, contact time, dye concentration, pH, temperature, and the effect of salts, was studied by a series of adsorption experiments in a batch system, which affected the adsorption performance of TMG, TMGC, and TMGB for CR dye removal. In addition, the properties of adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics were also studied. Experimental results showed that optimal adsorption occurred at an acidic pH. At a CR concentration of 100 mg L−1, equilibrium elimination rates were 68%, 38%, and 92% for TMG, TMGC, and TMGB, respectively. The adsorption process is rapid, follows pseudo-second-order kinetics, and is best described by a Temkin and Langmuir isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption of CR onto TMGB is endothermic and spontaneous. The experimental values of CR adsorption on TMGB are consistent with the predictions of the response surface methodology. These led to a maximum removal rate of 99.97% under the following conditions: pH = 2, TMGB dose of 7 g L−1, and CR concentration of 50 mg L−1. The adsorbent TMGB's relatively low preparation cost of around $2.629 g-1 and its ability to regenerate in more than 6 thermal calcination cycles with a CR removal rate of around 56.98%, stimulate its use for textile effluent treatment on a pilot industrial scale.

Correction: Anodic oxidation as promoting technology for treatment and reuse of industrial textile effluent using ruthenium-doped lead dioxide (PbO2) anode

Correction: Anodic oxidation as promoting technology for treatment and reuse of industrial textile effluent using ruthenium-doped lead dioxide (PbO2) anode

Treatment of textile effluent by electrocoagulation in a novel reactor to mitigate environmental pollution

Treatment of textile effluent by electrocoagulation in a novel reactor to mitigate environmental pollution

Heavy Metal Scavenging Potential of Indigenous Microalgae of Bangladesh: A Study on its Application in Textile Effluent Treatment

Heavy Metal Scavenging Potential of Indigenous Microalgae of Bangladesh: A Study on its Application in Textile Effluent Treatment

Treatment of textile industry effluents with up‐flow anaerobic sulfidogenic reactor

AbstractBACKGROUNDDyes present in textile wastewater can pose various environmental problems, including toxicity, carcinogenicity and mutagenicity, when released into receiving environments. Sulfidogenic bacteria play a crucial role in wastewater treatment by reducing sulfate and producing sulfide through the utilization of organic compounds in water. The resulting sulfide often transfers its electrons to another electron acceptor. This study focused on the treatment of real textile wastewater using an up‐flow sulfidogenic column bioreactor.RESULTSThe reactor was acclimated to sulfate‐reducing conditions when influent chemical oxygen demand and sulfate concentrations were 1742 and 2000 mg L−1, respectively. Subsequently, a gradual transition was made from sulfate‐reducing conditions to dye‐reducing conditions. Throughout the study, the hydraulic retention time was maintained at 1 day.CONCLUSIONThe influent dye concentration was 2722 Pt‐Co, and an impressive dye removal efficiency of approximately 90 ± 2% was achieved. This corresponds to a removal rate of 2450 Pt‐Co L−1 day−1. Although the sulfide concentration in the reactor decreased in the last period, investigating the extent to which this sulfide participates in the dye removal may expand the use of sulfidogenic reactors in the treatment of real textile industry wastewater. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).