Constructed wetlands (CWs) are widely utilized for domestic wastewater treatment, yet there is a relative scarcity of research focused on the treatment of real domestic wastewater. This study evaluated the enhanced treatment performance and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in CWs by integrating biochar with intermittent aeration, the removal of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) was also assessed. The results indicated that the biochar-aeration CW significantly improved denitrification, achieving a total nitrogen removal efficiency of 42.83 %. Notably, biochar-aeration CW exhibited the lowest N2O emission fluxes (31.28–726.49 μg m−2 h−1). Furthermore, the introduction of biochar fostered the development of tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances, primarily attributed to biofilm production. The biochar-aeration CW effectively reduced the four targeted ARGs (sul-I, sul-II, tet-O, tet-W) by 0.41–1.43 log. These findings would be beneficial for understanding the function of biochar-intermittent aeration technology in enhancing the treatment capacity of CWs for domestic wastewater treatment.