Treatment Of Pneumoconiosis Research Articles

Epidemiological analysis of new pneumoconiosis among workers in coal industry in Chongqing

Objective: To analyze the incidence of pneumoconiosis among workers in the coal industry in the past 13 years in Chongqing, understand the different epidemiological characteristics of new pneumoconiosis among workers in the coal industry in the city, provide basic evidence for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. Methods: Collecting new cases of pneumoconiosis diagnosed in the coal industry in Chongqing in January 2006-May 2018, and analyze its epidemiological characteristics. Results: In January 2006-May 2018, 25329 cases of pneumoconiosis were added to workers in the coal industry in Chongqing, and 23, 328 cases were present, all male. Among the existing cases: coal workers' pneumoconiosis accounted for 89.30%, silicosis accounted for 10.70%; age distribution was 50-59 years old. The main, accounting for 45.19%, the average age of onset was 52.21±7.45 years; the actual dusting age was mainly 10-19 years, the average actual working age was 17.52±8.47 years; the distribution of the work was mainly by the main coal mining (53.20%) ; There are more new cases in enterprises, accounting for 88.86%; distributed in 36 districts and counties. Conclusion: There was a large number of new pneumoconiosis diseases in the coal industry in Chongqing. Different measures should be taken according to the characteristics of different enterprises, and relevant enterprises should be urged to take the initiative to carry out occupational health surveillance, effectively protect the health of workers, improve the coordination mechanism, improve medical security, and gradually realize government assistance and Social care is combined.

Investigation and analysis of social security in patients with lung diseases in Kaizhou district of Chongqing

Objective: To analyze the social insurance guarantee of pneumoconiosis patients in Kaizhou from 2006 to 2018, and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in the future. Methods: The social security situation of pneumoconiosis patients in Kai Zhou District in 2006-2018 years was analyzed. Results: There were 3357 cases of pneumoconiosis in Kaizhou District, with a social security rate of 99%; 79.4% of the coal mine pneumoconiosis patients, 87.5% of whom enjoy industrial injury insurance; the majority of the Xiangyu Railway pneumoconiosis patients were over 60 years old, accounting for 3.4%, all enjoy special treatment of Xiangyu Railway; the former township enterprises restructure pneumoconiosis patients, mainly under 60 years old, accounting for 3.4%. Among them, 79% enjoy work-related injury insurance, and 15.2% were rural poverty victims. Conclusion: Kaizhou district provides better social security for pneumoconiosis patients in this area, which can provide basis for formulating social security policies for pneumoconiosis patients in other areas.

Introduction to Professor Ma Guiqin's experience in treatment of occupational pneumoconiosis

Occupational pneumoconiosis refers to a group of occupational pulmonary diseases,which is mainly characterized by diffuse fibrosis of lung tissue caused by inhalation of different pathogenic productive dust and retention in the lungs during occupational activities for a long period of time. According to the classification and catalogue of occupational diseases in China,it is mainly classified into 12 categories,such as silicosis,coal worker's pneumoconiosis,asbestos lung. At present,it is the most serious and most common occupational disease in China. The pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis is not clear,and there is still no effective therapy. In the past three years,it is found that traditional Chinese medicine is effective in the treatment of pneumoconiosis. Through collection of medical records,the regularity of the prescriptions used in the treatment of pneumoconiosis were analyzed and summarized. According to the traditional Chinese medicine theory,the clinical characteristics of recurrent cough,phlegm and asthma in patients with pneumoconiosis could be included in the categories of cough,wheezing,lung distension. Professor Ma Guiqin believes that the basic pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis is depression of the atmosphere,deficiency of the kidney,internal obstruction of phlegm,and adverse cardinality. According to its pathogenesis,the commonly used prescriptions,namely Shengxian Decoction,Jinshui Liujun Jian,Xiaochaihu Decoction,Sini Powder,Guomin Jian and syndrome differentiation-based modified medicines were expounded. In addition, " throat is the gateway to the lung and stomach",Professor Ma also believes that the prevention of pneumoconiosis should start with the throat,so as to curb the exacerbation or recurrence of the disease. Through clinical observation,if traditional Chinese medicine is properly used,and pathogenesis and syndrome differentiation-based treatment is provided,traditional Chinese medicine can relieve the clinical symptoms,and improve the exercise tolerance and the quality of life of patients with pneumoconiosis.

Clinical study on traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and treatment of pneumoconiosis

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation in the treatment of pneumoconiosis. Methods: We selected 160 pneumoconiosis patients who were hospitalized in our hospital from July 2015 to July 2016. 102 patients were divided into experimental groups, and the other 58 patients were assigned to the control group. These patients were randomly assigned. The control group was given routine treatment, while the experimental group received conventional treatment combined with TCM syndrome differentiation. We rated patients' quality of life using the SF-36 Quality of Life Scale. C-reactive protein levels in both groups before and after treatment were detected by ELISA. Furthermore, we detected the expression levels of IL-6 mRNA and TGF-β mRNA in serum before and after treatment by RT-PCR.The analysis was performed with SPSS19.0 software. The normal distribution measurement data was expressed by Mean±SD, and the t-test was used for statistical analysis. Non-normal distribution measurement data were expressed as median(M) and interquartile range (P(25), P(75)), and non-parametric test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Compared with the control group, the readmission rate in the experimental group decreased within 3 months; The SF-36 quality of life score results of the two groups showed a statistically significant difference in BP, VT and RE (P<0.05);The levelofCRPdecreasedsignificantlyafter treatment in bothgroups,and thedifferencewasstatistically significant (P<0.05).Comparedwith thecontrolgroup, the levelsofIL-6mRNAandTGF-β1mRNA alsodecreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: TCM syndromedifferentiation and treatmentofpneumoconiosis can effectively improve the patient's condition and life quality. We predict that it may inhibit the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in pneumoconiosis.

Resistance to dominant narratives and the construction of identity legitimacy: counterstories of Chinese migrant workers with pneumoconiosis

This study is focused on the pneumoconiosis workers’ illness narratives in Bashan Town in Chongqing. In-depth interviews were used to gather their illness narratives, and a “counterstory” framework was adopted for the critical analysis of the resistance of these texts to the dominant discourse. The results showed that these pneumoconiosis counterstories to be legitimacy narratives that sought four types of legitimacy: medical, suffering, moral, and public. Three opposing identity relations were explored in these narratives: qualified vs unrecognized pneumoconiosis patients, bearers of great suffering vs complainers without cause and neglected within the pneumoconiosis group vs Invisible pneumoconiosis. These identity relations strengthened the pneumoconiosis workers’ confrontation with the illegitimacy of the main social narrative, and they were used in the attempt to construct a legitimized self-identity. The study also identified three narrative strategies used to resist the oppressive dominant narrative, they are revelation, refusal and contestation. Finally, the author proposed that these counterstories consisted a weapon for the weak to voice their legitimacy concerns and offered recommendations for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis.

Evaluation of the right ventricular function in patients with pneumoconiosis by echocardiography

Objective: To investigate right ventricular function in patients with pneumoconiosis, and to provide a basis for quantitative diagnosis and treatment of pneumoconiosis in clinical practice. Methods: A total of 43 patients with pneumoconiosis who were hospitalized consecutively in Shijiazhuang Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases from May 2015 to May 2016 were enrolled, and according to the stage of pneumoconiosis, they were divided into stage I group with 16 patients, stage II group with 14 patients, and stage III group with 13 patients. A total of 16 healthy subjects were enrolled as control group. Echocardiography was performed and the relevant parameters were recorded, i.e., right ventricular transverse diameter (RVTD), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and right ventricular myocardial performance index(Tei index). Results: There were significant differences in Tei index and TAPSE between all groups (P <0.05) except between the stage I group and the control group in terms of Tei index (P>0.05) and between the stage I group and the stage II group in terms of TAPSE (P>0.05). Right ventricular Tei index was negatively correlated with TAPSE (r=-0.547,P<0.05). Conclusion: A combination of right ventricular Tei index and TAPSE can be used for early quantitative evaluation of right ventricular function in patients with pneumoconiosis.

塵肺症経過観察中に肺小細胞癌の発生をみた 1 例

塵肺症経過観察中に肺小細胞癌の発生をみた 1 例

Prevalence of pneumoconiosis in a coal enterprise from 2002 to 2013

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of pneumoconiosis in a coal enterprise, and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. Methods: The workers' occupational health examination data were collected, and a cross-sectional study was performed to analyze the prevalence of pneumoconiosis. Results: A total of 62 976 person times of occupational health examination were performed for the workers exposed to dust in this enterprise from 2002 to 2013. There were 8 445 cases of pneumoconiosis diagnosed in total, and the mean detection rate was 13.41%. Of all patients with pneumoconiosis, 3 262 died. The mean detection rate was 8.98% among in-service workers and 19.64% among retired workers. The mean age of onset was (52.6±11.3) years, and the mean working age of onset was (18.4±10.1) years. Conclusion: The detection rate of pneumoconiosis is high in the retired workers in this enterprise, and medical follow-up for retired workers and those who have left their jobs should be taken seriously.

Research on the therapeutic effects of drugs on patients with pneumoconiosis in China

Objective: To review the clinical research on the main drugs which are used to treat pneumoconiosis in China, evaluate and analyze the efficacy, and give the suggestions on the study of pneumoconiosis treatment. Methods: The data of researches on the therapeutic effects of eight main drugs on patients with pneumoconiosis in China were retrieved from CNKI and Wanfang database before Jan. 1, 2016 including polyvinylpyridine, tetrandrine, piperaquine phosphate, hydroxypiperaquine phosphate, aluminium citrate, Xinin, Xifeining and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) after consulting the related project files on the clinical treatment on the patients with pneumoconiosis, and a systematic analysis was made on the random control test (RCT) which conformed to the quality criteria in terms of five indices such as the improvement rate of respiratory system symptoms such as cough, expectoration, chest pain and dyspnea, the decrease of the respiratory system infection rate, the changes in FEV1.0% (forced expired volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio) (ΔFEV1.0%) , index of stability and improvement rate of chest X-ray, and adverse reactions as well as the summary of descriptive efficacy. Results: Nine RCTs in the 15 papers were included; 2 097 patients with pneumoconiosis were included with 1215 in the treatment group and 882 in the control group. The medication modes were divided into four categories, monotherapy (such as polyvinylpyridine, hydroxypiperaquine phosphate, Xifeining and Xinin) , combination of tetrandrine with other drugs, hydroxypiperaquine phosphate and aluminium citrate, and lung lavage (added medications) ; the analysis indicated that the patients in the treatment group were obviously superior to those in the control group in terms of the improvement rate of respiratory system symptoms, the decrease rate of the respiratory tract infection, ΔFEV1.0%, the improvement rate of shadows as indicated in the X-ray chest film and the index of stability (P<0.01) ; after the mean values of the control group were deducted, the improvement rate of symptoms of the respiratory system within the treatment period of the patients with pneumoconiosis increased by 34.6% (95% CI 32.9%, 36.3%) in average, the mean value of the decrease in the respiratory tract infection rate was 26.0% (95% CI 24.0%, 28.0%) , the mean value of ΔFEV1.0% was 4.08 (95% CI 3.56, 4.60) , the improvement rate in X-ray chest film increased by 8.80% (95% CI 8.55%, 9.05%) in average, and the index of stability in the X-ray chest film increased by 10.6% (95% CI 9.18%, 12.0%) ; one-way analysis of variance indicated the presence of statistical difference in terms of efficacy of four categories of medication modes (Fthe improvement rate of symptoms of the respiratory system=482.2, P<0.01; Fthe decrease in the respiratory tract infection rate=72.01, P<0.01; FΔFEV1.0%=246.6, P<0.01; Fthe index of stability in the X-ray chest film=212.9, P<0.01; Fthe improvement rate of X-ray chest film=466.6, P<0.01) . Conclusion: Drugs such as polyvinylpyridine, tetrandrine, hydroxypiperaquine phosphate, aluminium citrate, Xinin, Xifeining and NAC have some efficacy in the treatment of pneumoconiosis. It is suggested that, in accordance with the mechanism of pneumosilicosis onset and the action mechanism of drugs and on the basis of the research on the traditional drugs, the latest clinical study results and the management experiences on the idiopathic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis be constantly traced and borrowed to strengthen the research on the drugs which are used to treat the pneumoconiosis and the patient health management.

Clinical Evaluation of Three Methods of Lung Lavage in Treatment of Pneumoconiosis

Clinical Evaluation of Three Methods of Lung Lavage in Treatment of Pneumoconiosis

A clinical curative effect of acupuncture with drug in treatment of pneumoconiosis complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的 观察针灸配合药物治疗对尘肺并发慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的疗效.方法 将80例尘肺并发COPD患者随机分成治疗组和对照组,两组患者均进行相同的药物治疗、康复训练和健康宣教,治疗组增加针灸治疗,疗程为2个月并进行评价.结果 与治疗前比较,两组mMRC、BorgCR-10及SGRQ指数积分均降低,6MWT均增加,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与对照组比较,治疗组治疗后mMRC、Borg评分及SGRQ指数积分明显降低,6MWT明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 针灸对改善尘肺并发COPD患者呼吸困难症状、提高生活质量有一定作用。

Nursing care of massive whole lung lavage in the treatment of pneumoconiosis

大容量全肺灌洗术(whole lung lavage,WLL)作为一项治疗技术对去除尘肺患者残存肺泡腔内的粉尘和吞尘巨噬细胞,改善尘肺患者的生活质量有一定的疗效.我院自1993年始应用WLL治疗尘肺病或其观察对象(0+),我们回顾性分析1997年1月至2009年12月经WLL治疗的510例次尘肺患者的护理情况,为临床治疗护理提供更多的参考信息。

Application of clinical pathway in treatment of pneumoconiosis with whole lung lavage

目的 评价临床路径(CP)应用于大容量肺灌洗治疗尘肺患者实施效果.方法 将130例大容量肺灌洗治疗尘肺患者按住院顺序随机分为CP组和对照组,对照组65例实施传统治疗和护理,CP组65例实施CP,比较两组的治疗、护理效果.结果 CP组平均每人住院费用(8803.66±812.02)元,对照组平均(10534.69±1035.43)元,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).CP组平均每人住院天数(9.7±1.3)d,对照组平均为(12.9±2.4)d,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 CP应用于大容量肺灌洗治疗尘肺能提高医疗护理质量,降低住院费用,缩短住院时间,在临床实践中切实可行。

Observation on efficacy of large volume whole lung lavage in treatment of pneumoconiosis

目的 探讨大容量全肺灌洗术(WLL)的疗效及安全性.方法 1991年3月至2007年10月对3422例尘肺患者进行了WLL,对临床症状、肺功能.胸片、并发症等变化进行回顾性分析.结果 全肺灌洗术后10 d,胸闷、胸痛、气短的好转率分别为99%、86%、88%,3年疗效持续巩固.45例3年随访情况表明,体力明显增加32例(71.7%),治疗后体重平均增加2.18 kg,感冒、上呼吸道感染次数减少91.1%.肺功能在小气道阻力、弥散功能方面有明显改善.30例WLL.术后6～7年疗效持续巩固,胸闷、胸痛、呼吸困难、咳嗽、咳痰等症状明显改善,18例FVC、MVV、FEV1.0 DLco异常患者治疗后4～5年的肺功能指标,较术前明显改善,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).治疗组(30例)x线胸片的进展率为16.4%,明显进展率为0,均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).1994年前并发症发生率为48.11%,1995至2000年为8.40%,2000年后为1.54%o结论WLL是治疗尘肺病有效方法之一,严格掌握适应证、规范操作可降低不良反应,确保WLL安全。

Effect of prostaglandin E2 and the tumor necrosis factor-alpha on second messenger of lung fibroblast

To Study the effect of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) combined with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on the second messenger of mouse lung fibroblast in order to research new target point for cytokine to treatment of pneumoconiosis. The lung fibroblasts of breed mouse were primarily cultured. 10 ng/ml TNF-alpha and 10 ng/ml TNF-alpha combined with PGE(2) of different doses were added to culture medium of fibroblasts. The gamma value and CPM value were respectively measured for second messenger of cAMP, cGMP and IP(3) of fibroblast by immune-radio assay at different observation time. When treated with 10 ng/ml TNF-alpha + 1,000 pg/ml PGE(2) at 120 s time points, the CPM value of IP(3) of fibroblast was the maximal value [(76.33 +/- 7.10) CPM]; when cAMP/cGMP ratio declined to 4.29 at 24 h time point, the effect of fibroblast proliferation was the strongest; when 10 ng/ml TNF-alpha + 500 pg/ml PGE(2), and 2 000 pg/ml PGE(2), the CPM value of IP(3) of fibroblast were 27.00 +/- 3.00 and 61.00 +/- 2.65 respectively at 120 s time point, cAMP/cGMP value were 3.50 and 9.83 respectively at 24 h, the effect on fibroblast proliferation were obviously lower. Certain dose of PGE(2) could raise the ratio of cAMP/cGMP of fibroblast, and antagonize the proliferation effect of TNF-alpha on fibroblast.

Rational approaches to diagnosis and treatment of pneumoconiosis

Dust-related lung diseases still occupy a significant place among other forms of occupational pathology, accounting for about 30% in the structure of occupational diseases in our country. Pneumoconiosis continues to be one of the priority problems of occupational medicine worldwide, and for many developing countries - one of the most important: at various production facilities the number of patients with silicosis reaches 54.6% of the number of workers. In Canada, 283 cases of silicosis have been reported among 68,000 people working in dust-exposed environments; in the United States, about 3 million people have significant occupational exposure to silica dust.

Recent advances in particulate-induced pulmonary fibrosis; for the application of possible strategy experimentally and clinically.

Chronic interstitial lung diseases including pneumoconiosis have pathological characteristics which alter the lung structure and function consequent to the accumulation and activation of inflammatory cells in the lower respiratory tract. These activated cells usually secrete the inflammatory and fibrogenic mediators. Of the diffuse parenchymal lung diseases, the majority have no known etiology and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the diagnosis most frequently encountered by clinicians. Pathogenic similarities between pneumoconiosis and IPF provide a strong basis for hypothesizing that environmental agents may cause IPF. Many case-control studies have been published that provide further evidence for a number of associations between occupational and environmental exposures and IPF. Such reports support a strong evidence that IPF may be a heterogenous disorder associated with a number of environmental exposures. As a model of lung fibrosis, experimental pneumoconiosis is giving us a great information because crystalline silica is probably one of the most typical agent producing pulmonary fibrosis and the severity of its health effects and the widespread nature of exposure have been long recognized. Many papers provide evidence that particles have the potential to cause stimulation of phagocytes to release oxidants and such oxidative stress is believed to be a major factor in pulmonary inflammation followed by fibrotic change. Many kinds of cellular mediators are recognized as a implicating factor in this process including cell-to-cell interaction, enzymes, cytokines, arachidonic acid derivatives et al. Treatment of pneumoconiosis is an attractive and interesting topic. But, the mechanism of pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis is not thoroughly understood yet. Also, whether the process of fibrosis formation be retarded or not is questionable with some therapeutic trial. Therefore, a sensitive biomarker which is possible to estimate the pathological pathway in pneumoconiosis is needed. Our laboratory has studied particulate-induced pulmonary reaction for two decades consistently. This review will focus on signal transduction pathway involved in oxidative stress and some inhibitory agents with pleiotropic mechanism in pulmonary fibrosis. I will also introduce some data of animal studies with multidrug regimen as well.