Treatment Of Phenolic Wastewater Research Articles

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks in mixed matrix membranes for boosting phenol/water separation: Crystal evolution and preferential orientation

The treatment of phenolic wastewater has become a critical but challenging issue for growing concerns over human health and the environment. In this study, the highly permeable mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were fabricated by embedding structure- and morphology-tailored zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) in poly(ether-block-amide) (PEBA) bulk for pervaporation (PV) separation of phenol/water mixture. The crystal evolution from rhombic dodecahedral ZIF-8 particles to anisotropic ZIF-L nanosheets (ZLNs) was achieved by varying precursor concentration in aqueous system, and the morphology of ZIFs was precisely adjusted. Using a spin-coating method, the horizontally-oriented ZLNs constructed a typical brick-and-mortar architecture in the polymer matrix, suggesting their excellent interfacial compatibility. The high aspect-ratio ZLNs created preferential pathways for phenol but limited water transport in the membrane. Notably, the ZLNs/PEBA MMMs exhibited ultra-high phenol permeance of 4.96 × 105 GPU and phenol/water selectivity of 32.5 in separation of 1000 ppm phenol aqueous solution at 60 °C, which surpassed the overall performance of other phenol-selective membranes. Besides, the presence of ZLNs endowed the MMMs with good thermal and mechanical properties, guaranteeing long-term stability in realistic conditions. These findings of regulating morphology and preferential orientation of two-dimensional metal-organic framework fillers might have significant implications in designing high-performance membranes for various applications.

Dual-functional biocatalytic membrane containing laccase-embedded metal-organic frameworks for detection and degradation of phenolic pollutant

In this work, a metal–organic framework material, zeolitic imidazolate framework-90 (ZIF-90), was firstly used to encapsulate laccase (LAC) and to prepare ZIF-90/LAC biocomposites. Afterward, the composites were combined with bacterial cellulose (BC) and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (c-MWCNTs) by a facile method to achieve a novel cellulose membrane with biocatalytic function, displaying excellent detection and degradation properties towards phenolic pollutant. Notably, the membrane was directly employed as a biosensor electrode, and it exhibited a linear response to catechol from 20 to 400 μM with a detection limit of 1.86 µM (S/N = 3), as well as satisfactory selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. In addition, the biocatalytic membrane showed higher degradation efficiency towards catechol than pure LAC, and the catechol degradation efficiency of the membrane generally ranged from 93.4% to 82.1% for five cycles. Moreover, the membrane was successfully applied in enzyme membrane reactor (EMR), achieving satisfactory results. The novel membrane harbors a broad application prospect in the fields of real-time monitor and treatment of phenolic wastewater.

Comparative Study on Phenolic Wastewater Treatment by Advanced Electrochemical Oxidation Processes

Considering the direct and the indirect oxidation of AEOP's, the kinetic and therefore the reaction rate constant were significantly analyzed throughout the oxidation time. The phenol degradation efficiency has been investigated during the oxidation time with varied independent parameters like initial phenol concentration (100, 250,500) mg/L, applied current density (30, 50, 70) mAcm-2 and electrolyte circulation (6, 9, 12) L/hr. It was estimated that, for 180 min oxidation time, 70 mAcm-2 current density, 12 L/hr flowrate, and 100 mg/L initial phenol concentration, the direct anodic oxidation achieved phenol degradation efficiency of 74.4% with graphite and 83.7% with β-PbO2 anodes. Otherwise, the indirect oxidation at the same condition achieved phenol degradation efficiency of 88.9% with Fe anode and carbon felt cathode.

Optimization of MnOx/Ti composite membrane anode in the electrocatalytic membrane reactor by acidification for phenolic wastewater treatment

Optimization of MnOx/Ti composite membrane anode in the electrocatalytic membrane reactor by acidification for phenolic wastewater treatment

SEDIMENTATION ANALYSIS OF THE DISPERSED PHASE DURING TREATMENT OF PHENOLIC WASTEWATER OF COKE-CHEMICAL PRODUCTION BY GLAUCONITE

Kinetic regularities of adsorption treatment of phenolic wastewater with glauconite have been revealed. It was found that glauconite at a dose of 2 g/dm3 in combination with a 0.1% solution of cationic flocculant, which provides removal of resinous substances up to 94% for 10 min and phenols up to 20% during 20 min. As a result, the MPC of phenols and resinous substances was achieved at the stage of mechanical treatment of effluents, which are then fed for biochemical processing into aeratanks, which is 415 mg/dm³ and 25 mg/dm3, respectively. The dispersed composition of sediments after treatment of industrial wastewater with glauconite was studied. It was found that the particle radii of the polydisperse system "liquid waste – glauconite" in combination with cationic flocculant were the largest and reached r = 537 mkm, which is twice the maximum polydisperse systems "liquid waste – glauconite" and "liquid waste – glauconite" with an anionic flocculant. Sedimentation analysis showed that the sedimentation time of the sediment decreased from 17 min to 6 min in the system "liquid waste – glauconite" in combination with cationic flocculant and formed a precipitate of loose flakes, which settled quickly. The introduction of a flotation plant with a dosage of natural glauconite 2 g/dm3 in combination with a 0.1% solution of cationic flocculant at industrial treatment facilities is proposed. Engineering solutions will improve the quality of wastewater supplied for coke quenching and will make it possible to transport and dispose of sludge after waste treatment with glauconite, which is planned to be used as a raw material for the manufacture of pavements in asphalt plants.

A study on electrochemical oxidationof phenol for wastewater remediation

This era having been driven by the industrial revolution caused a major outbreak of pollutant quantity in water. Phenol is one of the most toxic chemicals and electrochemical oxidation is undoubtedly one of the attractive alternatives for the degradation of phenol available in wastewater. The present study aims at finding the best combination of operating parameters maximizing the phenol removal by electrochemical treatment of phenolic wastewater. Synthetically prepared phenol solution of various concentrations was electrochemically oxidized using a cylindrical flow cell. It was found that initial phenol concentration, time, current density, and salt concentration have a strong influence on the removal of phenol. Furthermore, based on the results obtained, a second-order regression model was proposed to predict the responses. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) result and the R2 value of the model shows that the model could very well predict the realistic situation. According to the prediction by the model, the best set of operating conditions giving the complete removal of phenol is Time: 9.27 min, Current density: 3.58 A/dm2, supporting Electrolyte concentration: 3.29 g/L, and Initial Concentration: 13.64 ppm.

Comparative life cycle assessment of five chemical methods for removal of phenol and its transformation products

Many technologies have been evaluated for the treatment of phenolic wastewater, however, the removal efficiency was the major performance indicator. In this work, a detailed comprehensive outlook is presented to evaluate and compare the environmental performance of five different technologies for the removal of phenol and its transformation products based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) perspective. The considered five methods are adsorption by activated carbon (AC), electro-Fenton, solar photo-Fenton, solar photocatalysis by TiO2, and photocatalysis by a composite of TiO2 and AC (TiO2/AC). A virtual case study of an influent of 100 m3/d contaminated with 100 mg/L of phenol is considered in this study. The impact categories associated with the CML 2000 baseline method were considered such as abiotic depletion, eutrophication, global warming (GWP100), and aquatic ecotoxicity, besides the single-score calculated by the Eco-indicator 99 (E) method. It was observed that the solar photo-Fenton process is the most environmentally friendly technology (Eco-indicator score = 0.044 pt) because it depends on renewable energy and relatively benign chemicals. On the other hand, the electro-Fenton process revealed the highest impacts (Eco-indicator score = 1.48 pt) due to the high impacts of global warming, depletion of the abiotic resource, and human toxicity resulted from the electricity consumption. The impacts of photocatalysis and adsorption processes were highly influenced by the production of TiO2 and activated carbon. An economic analysis was performed and evidenced that the adsorption process is the most affordable, while electro-Fenton was the costliest process.

Treatment of phenol wastewater using nitrogen-doped magnetic mesoporous hollow carbon

Nitrogen-doped magnetic mesoporous hollow carbon (NMMHC) was prepared to realize effective adsorption of phenol from wastewater. The chemical and physical properties of NMMHC were analyzed, and the effects of adsorption time, initial pH, and phenol concentration on the adsorption capacity of NMMHC were studied. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm models were used to explain the adsorption properties. The results showed that the specific surface area, type of nitrogen group, and nitrogen content of NMMHC are related to the carbonization temperature. Chemical interaction was demonstrated to be present in the process of adsorption, which was characterized as monolayer adsorption. In addition, the adsorption mechanism was studied by attenuated total internal reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and analysis of non-covalent interactions. This study found that non-covalent interactions between NMMHC and phenol molecules are van der Waals interactions, and nitrogen-containing groups increase the phenol adsorption capacity by enhancing such interactions. The π-π interactions between the nitrogen groups and phenol molecules also enhanced the adsorption energy.

Effect of lignite activated coke packing on power generation and phenol degradation in microbial fuel cell treating high strength phenolic wastewater

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is commonly used for easily biodegradable substances, yet its application for high strength phenolic wastewater treatment remains a challenge. This study incorporates lignite activated coke (LAC) into MFC to alleviate the inhibition of phenol and facilitate power generation of MFC. The power generation and phenol degradation in both LAC-MFC and control MFC were investigated at phenol concentrations of 500 mg/L, 700 mg/L and 1000 mg/L. The results showed that the maximum power density in LAC-MFC was maintained in the range of 252.3–278.7 mW/m2 when the phenol concentration increased from 500 mg/L to 1000 mg/L, whereas it was decreased from 246.5 mW/m2 to 167.5 mW/m2 in control-MFC. This corresponds to a high phenol removal of 89.4% to 94.5% in LAC-MFC but a significant decrease from 80.7% to 50.8% in control MFC. The inhibition coefficient (Ki) calculated from Haldane inhibition model decreased by 24.3% in LAC-MFC compare with control MFC, suggesting that the stress of high concentrations of phenol on MFC was largely relieved. In addition, the phenol degradation intermediate products of 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoic acid were apparently lower in LAC-MFC than control MFC, indicating that the biodegradation of phenol was enhanced in LAC-MFC. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that Pseudomonas, Desulfuromonas, and Hydrogenophaga might be associated with phenol degradation and power generation in LAC-MFC. Because of its effectiveness in alleviating the toxic effects of phenol, LAC packing is a promising MFC technology for high strength phenolic wastewater treatment.

Experimental and modelling study of industrial phenolic wastewater treatment by packed bed adsorption on coal-based and bagasse-based fly ash

ABSTRACT Every year nearly 100 million tons of fly ash is being generated in India and its disposing consumes large land volumes. Fly ash can be used as a good adsorbent to clean flue gases as well as wastewater treatment for effluents containing phenolic compounds. In the present work, fly ash from different sources (coal and bagasse based) was evaluated for wastewater treatment. The work involves (i) batch kinetic studies for adsorption of phenols viz. phenol, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, 2-aminophenol and 3-aminophenol, on fly ash; (ii) the effect of initial solute concentration, initial mass of adsorbent, temperature, contact time and pH on removal of phenols from solution; (iii) determination of adsorption isotherm parameters for three isotherm models namely Freundlich, Langmuir and Fritz–Schlunder; and (iv) mathematical model for packed bed adsorption process using fly ash as an adsorbent for industrial-scale capacity (∼10,000 L/day). The results show that bagasse-based fly ash has much more adsorption capacity (∼80% phenol removal) as compared to coal-based fly ash.

FeOx@GAC catalyzed microbubble ozonation coupled with biological process for industrial phenolic wastewater treatment: Catalytic performance, biological process screening and microbial characteristics

Phenolic compounds are common ccontaminants in industrial effluents. In this study, a combined catalytic microbubble ozonation and biological process was developed and applied for efficient industrial phenolic wastewater (PWW) treatment. Catalytic activity of an iron-oxides (FeOx) doped granular activated carbon (GAC) catalyst (FeOx@GAC) in microbubble ozonation for PWW treatment was investigated. The results demonstrated that the FeOx@GAC catalyzed microbubble ozonation (O3/FeOx@GAC) obtained significantly higher reaction rate constant (k1 = 0.023 min−1) in TOC removal compared to the bare GAC catalyzed microbubble ozonation (O3/GAC, k1 = 0.013 min−1) and ordinary microbubble ozonation (k1 = 0.008 min−1). Destruction rate constant of phenolic compounds (k2) was improved from 0.014 min−1 (ordinary microbubble ozonation) to 0.025 min−1 (O3/FeOx@GAC). The 60-min pretreatment of PWW by O3/FeOx@GAC process enhanced BOD5/COD ratio from 0.31 to 0.76 and reduced the acute bio-toxicity by 79.2%. Screening and characterization of biological post-treatment processes were conducted among activated sludge process (ASP), up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and membrane bioreactor (MBR). UASB and ASP showed limited phenolic compounds removal of 35.4% and 57.0% with lower bio-toxicity resistance than MBR (94.9% phenolic compounds removal). The combined process O3/FeOx@GAC-MBR was thus developed and achieved high COD removal (98.0%) and phenolic compounds degradation (99.4%). PWW pretreatment by O3/FeOx@GAC process decreased membrane fouling rate of MBR by 88.2% by reducing proteins/polysaccharides accumulation in both extracellular polymeric substances and soluble microbial products. 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing revealed the predominance of phylum Proteobacteria, class Alphaproteobacteria and genera Mycobacterium, Gordonia, Pedomicrobium & Defluviimonas in biological PWW treatment bio-systems. Pearson correlation coefficient and ANOVA analysis verified that Mycobacterium possessed high bio-toxicity resistance and was the main contributor to the biodegradation of phenolic compounds.

Electrical stimulation on biodegradation of phenolics in a novel anaerobic–aerobic-coupled upflow bioelectrochemical reactor

• An anaerobic–aerobic-coupled upflow bioelectrochemical reactor was constructed. • Intermittent electrical stimulation mode promoted phenolics degradation. • Aerobic cathodic chamber showed high contribution to the phenolics removal. • Specific microbes were enriched in the cathodic and anodic chambers of the system. Phenolics were widespread in the effluents of coal gasification plants and oil refineries processes, while the impact of electrical stimulation on phenolics degradation in the combined biological processes remained unclear. Here, a novel anaerobic–aerobic–coupled upflow bioelectrochemical reactor (AO-UBER) was used to treat phenol-containing synthetic wastewater and simulated phenolic wastewater. The AO-UBER could treat phenolic compounds effectively via electrical stimulation. Phenol and total phenol removal efficiencies in the intermittently electrically stimulated system with a hydraulic retention time of 6 h were about 22.6% and 31.1%, respectively, higher than that in the biological system not exposed to voltage. The contribution of the aerobic cathodic chamber to the removal of phenolic compounds was higher than that of the anaerobic anodic chamber under the intermittent voltage application mode. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that electrical stimulation selectively enriched Acinetobacter , Cloacibacterium , Acidovorax, and Zoogloea in the phenol-containing synthetic wastewater treatment process, and Rhodococcus , Achromobacter , Chryseobacterium, and PSB-M-3 in the simulated phenolic wastewater treatment process. These results demonstrate that the AO-UBER under intermittent voltage application mode holds good potential for efficient phenolic wastewater treatment.

High Efficiency Electrochemical Degradation of Phenol Using a Ti/PbO2-Bi-PTh Composite Electrode

A novel Ti/PbO2-Bi-PTh composite electrode was successfully prepared by electrodeposition and applied in electrochemical degradation of phenol. The Ti/PbO2-Bi-PTh electrode was characterized by XRD, SEM, AFM, LSV, CV and EIS. Results showd that the electrode has a fine and compact surface structure, higher oxygen evolution potential (OEP, 2.42 V) and low charge transfer resistance (51.00 Ω). The electrode also exhibited excellent electrochemical oxidation activity on the degradation of phenol (1000 mg l−1) with degradation efficiency of 100% and TOC removal rate of 93.58% achieved in 60 min and 180 min, respectively. In addition, possible mechanism of phenol degradation on the electrode was proposed by analyzing the intermediate products with GC-MS. Noticeably, the Ti/PbO2-Bi-PTh electrode displayed excellent stability and high electrocatalytic performance after 10 cycles, indicating its promising application in the phenolic wastewater treatment.

The degradation of bisphenol A by laccase: Effect of biosurfactant addition on the reaction kinetics under various conditions

In this study, the enzymatic remediation of bisphenol A (BPA) from synthetic wastewater samples by laccase has been investigated in the presence (and also in the absence) of rhamnolipid (RL) biosurfactant. Different BPA, laccase and RL concentrations (spanning from 0.5 ppm to 2 CMC) have been utilized. Additionally, the kinetics and the extent of BPA removal at different temperatures, pH values and salinity levels have been examined in the presence and the absence of RL. The obtained results showed that the optimum concentration of RL is 1 ppm. At this RL concentration, about 23% increase in the BPA removal extent (after 2 h of treatment) was achieved. Additionally, the rate of BPA removal has been also boosted in the presence of RL. It has been observed that the addition of the biosurfactant improved, yet to varied degrees, both the extent and the kinetics of BPA removal under all examined conditions. Furthermore, the addition of RL did not alter the optimal reaction temperature (50 °C) and pH (5.8) of the BPA-laccase system. RL addition was still beneficial even under a high salinity level (29.22 g/L NaCl). The findings reported in this study suggest the potential application of RL as an eco-friendly and effective additive to enhance the rate and the extent of enzymatic treatment of phenolic wastewaters.

Effective electro-Fenton-like process for phenol degradation on cerium oxide hollow spheres encapsulated in porous carbon cathode derived from skimmed cotton

The uniform size cerium dioxide hollow spheres which were prepared by the SiO2 hard template method were loaded on microporous porous carbon obtained by carbonization derived from skimmed cotton (CSC) for electro-Fenton-like degradation of phenol. The microstructures of CSC/CeO2 composite materials were characterized utilizing XRD, BET, XPS, SEM, and TEM. The electrochemical performance of the CSC/CeO2 cathodes was studied through cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The prepared CSC has a hollow tubular structure, and cerium dioxide is evenly loaded on the surface of the CSC in the form of uniform-sized hollow spheres. The CSC/CeO2 materials have a great specific surface area (287.73 m2 g−1) and a uniform poresize. The electrochemical performance analysis demonstrated that the redox ability of the material greatly was improved by loading CeO2 on the porous carbon surface of the skimmed cotton. The load ratio of cerium dioxide hollow spheres affects the structure and properties of CSC/CeO2 materials. Ce3+ and Ce4+ were co-existed in CSC/CeO2, which promoted the generation of H2O2 and .OH, and improved the catalytic activity of composite materials. The degradation efficiency of phenol reached 97.6% in 120 min, and the CSC/CeO2 cathode manifested excellent stability after being experimented 20 times. CSC/CeO2 composite material has great practical value in the treatment of phenolic wastewater and has promise for further application.

Metagenomic insights into quorum sensing in membrane-aerated biofilm reactors for phenolic wastewater treatment

ABSTRACT Quorum sensing (QS) is of crucial importance for the formation and performance of biofilms adhered to aerated membranes. In this study, the QS-related genes in membrane-aerated biofilm reactors (MABR) for phenolic wastewater treatment were investigated through high-throughput metagenomic sequencing. Results showed that numerous regulatory QS-related genes were associated with the production of signals including acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) and diguanylate monophosphate (c-di-GMP), indicating that the biofilms were potentially regulated by the AHL-mediated QS and c-di-GMP-mediated QS systems. Species and functional contribution analysis demonstrated that Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, Rhodococcus, Granulicoccus and Thauera were the key QS-related gene carriers. Redundancy analysis and Spearman correlation analysis showed that high influent phenolic loading gave rise to a high relative abundance of QS bacteria within the biofilm community. Thus, QS-related genes likely play an important role in strengthening biofilm resistance to phenolics, as well as the removal of phenolic contaminants.

Enhanced treatment performance of phenol wastewater by electrochemical reactor with MnOx/Ti membrane electrode modified with Sb-SnO2 interlayer People's Republic of China

Sb-SnO2/Ti electrode membrane was prepared by loading Sb-SnO2 polymer precursor on the original Ti substrate electrode membrane, then MnOx sol was coated on the surface of Sb-SnO2/Ti to obtain MnOx/Sb-SnO2/Ti composite electrode membrane via sol–gel method. Compared with MnOx/Ti, the new crystal form and solid solution were identified in MnOx/Sb-SnO2/Ti due to the presence of Sb-SnO2 interlayer, which was beneficial to improve the electrochemical performance of MnOx/Ti. In particular, the specific surface area of MnOx/Ti was increased by inserting Sb-SnO2 interlayer. Electrocatalytic membrane reactor (ECMR) is assembled with the electrode membrane as the anode and the stainless-steel mesh as the cathode for phenolic wastewater treatment. pH value and Sb-SnO2-loading amount had great effect on the energy consumption of ECMR. When the current density, residence time and Sb-SnO2 loading were 0.9 mA/cm2, 15 min and 3.4 wt%, the phenol and COD degradation rate of ECMR with MnOx/Sb-SnO2/Ti reached 98.98% and 89.38%, whereas were 80.56% and 71.12% in case of MnOx/Ti, respectively.

Comparative analysis of the environmental impacts of solar photo-Fenton and photocatalysis methods for treatment of phenolic wastewater on life-cycle basis. (Dept. C.)

This research aims to compare the environmental performance of two methods for phenolic wastewater treatment. The two methods are solar photo-Fenton and solar photocatalysis by TiO2. A case study of 100 m3/d of wastewater contaminated with 100 mg/l of phenol was considered, whereas the functional unit was one cubic meter of treated wastewater. The life cycle inventory included the materials and energy required in both construction and operating phases. The effects of the by-products from phenol oxidation have been considered. The method “Impact 2002” was employed to calculate the different impacts of the two methods. The results showed that solar photo-Fenton is causing less environmental impacts due to the lower effects of its chemical reagents.

Integral approach of treatment of phenolic wastewater using nano-metal coated graphene oxide in combination with advanced oxidation

Wastewater treatment is one of the highlighted environmental concerns today due to depletion in the underground water table and its serious impact on aquatic life. High organic loading, antibacterial, and phytotoxicity of phenolic compounds in wastewater make them resistant to biological degradation.Therefore, the main aim of the research is to investigate the degradation of phenol by photocatalysis, through a series of Graphene Oxide (GO) coated nanocomposites such as GO-TiO2 (GOT) and Graphene-Iron (GOI). The performance of hybrid composite was investigated in a batch system under different loading conditions such as pH, adsorbent dose, and phenol concentration. Photocatalytic degradation results in complete declination of pollutants into harmless end products. The phenol adsorption by GOT was best and was pH dependant. The optimum condition for 97.78% removal by GOT was achieved at an adsorbent dose of (0.210 g /L), pH (5.5), phenol concentration (10 mg/L), and contact time 2 h. But the major drawback of GOT is recovery and separation, to overcome this GOI was synthesized. GOI represents lesser adsorption capability of (53.89%) because of the loading of iron on GO sheet. Langmuir and Freundlich both isotherm models represented well fit for the phenol adsorption batch data. However, the Langmuir isotherm (R2=0.999) shows a better fit over the Freundlich model (R2=0.964). Further in the study, the photocatalytic degradation by GOT were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) analysis.

Degradation Pathway and Kinetics of 4-chlorphenol by Sn/Sb-Mn-GAC Composite Particle Electrode

A composite particle electrode Sn/Sb-Mn-GAC was prepared by impregnation with granular activated carbon (GAC) as carrier. The surface morphology, phase composition and electrochemical properties of the particle electrode were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electrochemical workstation. The results show that the Sn/Sb-Mn-GAC particles have uniform grain size, good dispersity and high oxygen evolution potential. The Sn/Sb-Mn-GAC particle electrode was used to the electrochemical degradation of 4-chlorophenol. It was shown that 4-chlorophenol was almost completely removed after electrolyzing for 60 min. A large number of intermediates were produced during the degradation of 4-chlorophenol in the experimental system. The main intermediate products were benzoquinone, 4-chlorocatechol, hydroquinone, fumaric acid, oxalic acid, etc., eventually mineralized into water and carbon dioxide. The degradation pathway of 4-chlorophenol were preliminarily suggested through the analysis of intermediates in degradation process. The supported Sn/Sb-Mn-GAC particle electrode can be repeated used 4 times in three-dimensional electrochemical reactor and the kinetic model for the electrochemical oxidation of 4-chlorophenol was established. The experimental results show that the degradation process of 4-chlorophenol accords with the first-order kinetic model, the correlation coefficient is 0.98 or more. The kinetic rate constant k of Sn/Sb-Mn-GAC particle electrode is reduced when it is repeated used, but the treatment efficiency of 4-chlorophenol is still better. The results of research show that the three-dimensional electrochemical reactor using Sn/Sb-Mn-GAC particle electrode has promising application prospects in the treatment of phenolic wastewater.