Treatment Of Odontogenic Infections Research Articles

Multisystem Complications Following Endodontic Therapy

The surgical patient with multiple medical comorbidities challenges the clinician with difficult treatment decisions. Diseases prevalent in contemporary society, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension, introduce numerous management considerations during the perioperative period. Postoperative infection, extended hospital stay, and anesthetic complications are only some of the unfavorable outcomes that are well documented in the medically compromised surgical patient. Surgical outcomes after the treatment of odontogenic infection in the patient with comorbidities may be significantly compromised. In patients with poorly controlled diabetes, disruptions in collagen metabolism, the formation of granulation tissue, endothelialzation, and capillary basement membrane thickening may develop. The known microvascular complications are multisystemic, affecting, but not limited to, the cardiovascular, renal, and immune systems. The present report describes the case of a patient with poorly controlled diabetes who developed significant postsurgical complications after failed endodontic therapy and the extraction of a left mandibular first premolar.

Comparative clinical study of Cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI) with Cefaclor (CCL) in the treatment of odontogenic infections

Comparative clinical study of Cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI) with Cefaclor (CCL) in the treatment of odontogenic infections

歯性感染症の治療中にMRSA腸炎からショックとDICを発症した1例

歯性感染症の治療中にMRSA腸炎からショックとDICを発症した1例

Clinical and bacteriological study of cefdinir (CFDN) in treatment of odontogenic infections

Clinical and bacteriological study of cefdinir (CFDN) in treatment of odontogenic infections

Periodontal tissue disposition of azithromycin.

The tissue penetration of azithromycin, the prototype of a new class of macrolide antibiotics named azalides, was studied in patients undergoing surgery for third-molar removal. Drug concentrations in plasma, saliva, and periodontal tissues were evaluated in 28 patients treated with azithromycin 500 mg/day per os for 3 consecutive days. Samples of blood, saliva, gingiva, and alveolar bone were collected during oral surgery, 12 hours, and 2.5, 4.5, and 6.5 days after the last dosing, and the azithromycin concentration was measured microbiologically by using Micrococcus luteus NCTC 8440 as the reference organism. The highest concentrations of azithromycin were observed 12 hours after the last dose in plasma, saliva, gingiva, and bone (0.33 +/- 0.04 mg/l, 2.14 +/- 0.30 mg/l, 6.47 +/- 0.57 mg/kg, and 1.86 +/- 0.15 mg/kg, respectively) and then declined gradually. However, consistent levels of the drug in saliva and periodontal tissues could be detected up to 6.5 days, indicating that azithromycin was retained in target tissues and fluids for a long time after the end of treatment. Among the samples examined, the highest concentration of azithromycin was found in the gingiva at each time studied. Moreover, the ratios of salivary or periodontal tissue levels versus plasma concentrations remained nearly unmodified from 12 hours up to 6.5 days. Overall, these results indicate a favorable disposition of azithromycin into saliva and periodontal tissues and suggest that this macrolide antibiotic represents a valuable option in the pharmacologic treatment of odontogenic infections.

A prospective double-blind evaluation of penicillin versus clindamycin in the treatment of odontogenic infections

In a prospective, double-blind trial, penicillin and clindamycin were compared in treatment of moderate to severe orofacial infections of odontogenic origin, which yielded pus on aspiration. Among 27 patients randomized to receive penicillin, 22 (81%) had a successful outcome, and five (19%) were improved. In the 28 clindamycin-treated patients, 23 (82%) had a successful outcome, and five (18%) were improved. No failures were noted in either group. One patient who was receiving penicillin and two who were receiving clindamycin developed diarrhea. Bacteriologic results showed an average of 6.1 organisms per culture (2.5 aerobes and 3.6 anaerobes). Resistance rates for anaerobic isolates were 8.9% to penicillin and 1.9% to clindamycin. It was concluded that penicillin and clindamycin produce similar good results in treating odontogenic infection when the rate of penicillin resistance among oral anaerobic bacteria is at a relatively low level.

Anatomie considerations in diagnosis and treatment of odontogenic infections

Anatomie considerations in diagnosis and treatment of odontogenic infections