Treatment Of Narcissistic Personality Disorders Research Articles

Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Patterns, Processes, and Indicators of Change in Long-Term Psychotherapy.

Change in treatment of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) has been considered difficult to attain. Aspects of narcissistic pathology, including interpersonal enhancement, avoidance, aggressivity, and control, have contributed to challenges in forming a therapeutic alliance and pursuing treatment towards attainable goals for change and remission. This study, based on a qualitative review of therapists' case reports of individual psychotherapy with eight patients diagnosed with NPD, is the first to identify and explore patterns, processes, and indicators of change in pathological narcissism. All patients showed significant improvement in personality and life functioning, including engagement in work or education and long-term close relationships, with remission of the NPD diagnosis. The process of change was gradual, with some noticeable changes occurring in specific life contexts. Additional factors indicating and contributing to change included patients' motivation and commitment to psychotherapy, reflective ability, emotion regulation, sense of agency, and interpersonal and social engagement.

Influence of Cultural and Contextual Factors on the Presentation, Risk Factors, and Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Background: In spite of personality disorder is a common topic in the field of psychology and psychiatry, there are still very few studies few studies focusing on cultural and contextual factors of Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD).Method: By reviewing the literature about three countries UK, US and China, the precent study sort out the sociocultural and contextual differences of prevalence, presentation, risk factors and treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD).Result: Contextual and cultural factors have great impact on wide range of NPD’s different aspects. For the prevalence rate of three countries, comparing the highest percentage of three data, UK’s NPD prevalence rate is greater than US, and China has the less NPD prevalence rate. Concerning the presentation of NPD, female and male patients present variously. There is no data responding three countries’ patients’ NPD presentation. With regard of different risk factors, biology, psychotherapy and sociocultural are three of the most essential ones. Eventually, the NPD treatments of three different countries shows significant variety, including Chinese treatments related to traditional medicine, British mentalisation-based treatment and most widely used treatment in America--dialectical behavior therapy.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Clarification-Oriented Psychotherapy in Persons with a Narcissistic Personality Disorder According to DSM-IV - A Naturalistic Longitudinal Study with Pre-Post Design

The treatment of patients diagnosed with a narcissistic personality disorder (NPS) is considered to be extra challenging. Well-controlled studies on the effectiveness of psychotherapy in NPS patients are not available; so many interventions are based on theoretical constructs. The clarification-oriented psychotherapy (COP) is a psychotherapeutic approach, which emerged from concepts of the cognitive behavioral therapy, client-centered psychotherapy and various process-oriented procedures. The present ambulatory therapy-evaluation of COP aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a psychotherapeutic treatment for patients suffering from NPS. Retrospective cohort-study including 173 treatment-seeking NPS-patients. Via pre-post per-protocol-analysis, significant improvements mostly with medium effect sizes were found in all relevant parameters after completion of the COP (58.6±10.5 sessions). In particular, the ambitious/narcissistic personality style in the "Personality Style and Disorders Inventory (PSSI)" (primary outcome) was improved (medium effect size: d=-0.49 [-0.67; -0.31], p<0.001). Analyses revealed even high effect sizes in terms of the improvement of depressive "states" and "traits", neuroticism as well as self-acceptance. The lowest effect sizes however were found for improvements in self-regulation (d=0.2 [0.03; 0.36], p=0.02). As no intention-to-treat analysis has been carried out, the effect sizes of COP in the treatment of NPS might be overestimated. Nevertheless, our findings support the use of COP for the treatment of NPS. In light of evidence-based medicine, the present so far most comprehensive study on this topic warranted an increase of the evidence of COP in the treatment of NPS from level IV to level III.

Self Psychology and Psychosis: The Development of the Self During Intensive Psychotherapy of Schizophrenia and Other Psychosesby David Garfield and Ira Steinman. London, Karnac, 2015, 208 pp., $35.76 (paperback).

Self Psychology and Psychosis: The Development of the Self During Intensive Psychotherapy of Schizophrenia and Other Psychosesby David Garfield and Ira Steinman. London, Karnac, 2015, 208 pp., $35.76 (paperback).

What Is Narcissistic Personality Disorder? Lay Theories of Narcissism

There are various studies on mental health literacy which examine lay people’s knowledge and understanding of various mental disorders. Many are interested in beliefs about cause, manifestation and cure as well as the relationship between those beliefs. This study examines lay beliefs regarding the manifestations, aetiology and treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD), and their determinants using a questionnaire divided into three parts. Participants (N = 201) answered 45 attitudinal statements designed for this study regarding NPD. They consisted of 18 manifestation items, 15 aetiology items and 12 treatment items referring to NPD. They also completed the Narcissistic Personality Inventory. Each section of the questionnaire was factor analysed to determine the structure of those beliefs. Factors derived from a principle component analysis of lay beliefs demonstrate poor knowledge of NPD. Factors derived from the manifestations, aetiology and treatment section were modestly and coherently correlated. No demographic factors correlated with all aspects of mental health literacy and lay theories. People are surprisingly misinformed about NPD. They believed that narcissists manifested superficiality and social problems, business abilities and fragility. No distinction was made between biological and psychological causes or genetics and early negative events. Inability to identify NPD may account for many reports of sub-clinical narcissism being associated with leadership derailment.

Ruminations on narcissistic personality disorder.

Comments on the original article by Paris (see record 2012-18549-001) which provides an interesting and provocative overview of the diagnosis, etiology, and treatment of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). In this commentary, the author focuses on several assessment issues for narcissism, as well as NPD in particular.

Transference and Countertransference: Developments in the Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorder

&lt;P&gt;It is well known that narcissistic personality disorder is one of the most difficult psychiatric disorders to treat. Much of the difficulty arises because of challenging patterns of transference and countertransference that develop in the course of treatment. Yet it is just these patterns of relatedness that must be the core of the treatment, since narcissistic patients have enormous problems in maintaining gratifying relationships. One can see the clinical setting as something of a laboratory in which the clinician can directly observe how the patient relates to others outside the consulting room. &lt;/P&gt;&lt;H4&gt;ABOUT THE AUTHOR &lt;/H4&gt;&lt;P&gt;Glen O. Gabbard, MD, is Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Director, Baylor Psychiatry Clinic, Houston, Texas. &lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;Address correspondence to: Glen O. Gabbard, MD, One Baylor Plaza, BCM350, Houston, Texas; fax 713-798-7984. &lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;Dr. Gabbard has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. &lt;/P&gt;&lt;H4&gt;EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES&lt;/H4&gt;&lt;OL&gt;&lt;LI&gt;Describe the empirical literature on narcissistic personality disorder that discusses our understanding of transference and countertransference. &lt;/LI&gt;&lt;LI&gt;Define the spectrum of patients who have narcissistic personality disorder and the nature of the condition. &lt;/LI&gt;&lt;LI&gt;Identify common countertransference reactions.&lt;/LI&gt;&lt;/OL&gt;

'Most-Cited Psychoanalyst' Continues Pioneering Ways

'Most-Cited Psychoanalyst' Continues Pioneering Ways

A Character in Search of Character: Narcissistic Personality Disorder and Ego State Therapy

The individual diagnosed with Narcissistic Personality Disorder presents with grandiosity, extreme self-involvement, and lack of interest in and empathy for others. This paper reviews current theories concerning the development and treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorder, and introduces the use of Ego State Therapy for its treatment. The ego state model of treatment will be described and demonstrated with case material. Initially ego states that reveal the grandiosity will be accessed. As therapy progresses, ego states that hold the underlying feelings of emptiness, rage, and depression are able to emerge. With further treatment, transformation and maturation of the ego states occur, reflecting the changes in internal structure and dynamics as well as improvement in external interpersonal relationships. Issues concerning Ego State Therapy as utilized with personality disorders will be discussed and contrasted with more traditional methods of treatment.

Cognitive Psychotherapy of Psychotic and Personality Disorders: Handbook of Theory and Practice

Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health NursingVolume 6, Issue 5 p. 411-412 Cognitive Psychotherapy of Psychotic and Personality Disorders: Handbook of Theory and Practice Carlo Perris, Carlo Perris 1998, 419 pages ISBN 0-471-98221-0Search for more papers by this authorPatrick D. McGorry (Eds), Patrick D. McGorry (Eds) 1998, 419 pages ISBN 0-471-98221-0Search for more papers by this authorJohn Wiley & Sons, UK,, John Wiley & Sons, UK, 1998, 419 pages ISBN 0-471-98221-0Search for more papers by this author Carlo Perris, Carlo Perris 1998, 419 pages ISBN 0-471-98221-0Search for more papers by this authorPatrick D. McGorry (Eds), Patrick D. McGorry (Eds) 1998, 419 pages ISBN 0-471-98221-0Search for more papers by this authorJohn Wiley & Sons, UK,, John Wiley & Sons, UK, 1998, 419 pages ISBN 0-471-98221-0Search for more papers by this author First published: 25 December 2001 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2850.1999.00227-10.xCitations: 2 AnnJackson Senior Practice Development Fellow RCN Institute Mental Health Programme Oxford UK Read the full textAbout ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume6, Issue5October 1999Pages 411-412 RelatedInformation

Technique and the treatment of narcissistic personality disorders: Psychotherapeutic effects of inexact conceptualizations∗

Technique and the treatment of narcissistic personality disorders: Psychotherapeutic effects of inexact conceptualizations∗

Self psychology and the psychotherapy of psychotic patients: A case study

Self psychology has previously been employed in describing the treatment of narcissistic personality disorders. This article discusses the clinical application of concepts of self psychology to the psychotherapy of a psychotic patient. Empathy and the concept of empathic failure were very helpful in conceptualizing the therapeutic process. The two selfobject transferences of mirroring and idealization were both present in this case, and the recognition and interpretation of these transferences were critical in understanding the therapeutic process. The patient's delusional experiences receded and began to be less disruptive as the selfobject transferences emerged and remained in place. The resurgence of delusional material was usually indicative of a failure of empathy and a disruption of the selfobject transference. This patient's ability to regulate his anxiety and calm himself was considerably enhanced during the course of treatment. Self psychology and the understanding it provides proved to be of great value in the treatment of this patient and has wide applicability to the psychotherapy of psychosis.

Kohut, Heinz .The Analysis of the Self; a Systematic Approach to the Psychoanalytic Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorders, 1971.The Restoration of the Self, 1977.The Search for the Self, 2 vols., 1978. All published by International Universities Press, New York.

Kohut, Heinz .<i>The Analysis of the Self; a Systematic Approach to the Psychoanalytic Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorders</i>, 1971.<i>The Restoration of the Self</i>, 1977.<i>The Search for the Self, 2 vols.</i>, 1978. All published by International Universities Press, New York.

Cooperative treatment of narcissistic personality disorder by two therapists.

Cooperative treatment of narcissistic personality disorder by two therapists.

The Analysis of the Self: A Systematic Approach to the Psychoanalytic Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorders

The Analysis of the Self: A Systematic Approach to the Psychoanalytic Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorders

Proceedings: technique and prognosis in the treatment of narcissistic personality disorders.

Proceedings: technique and prognosis in the treatment of narcissistic personality disorders.

Review of The analysis of the self--A systematic approach to the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personality disorders.

Review of The analysis of the self--A systematic approach to the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personality disorders.