Treatment Of Iron Deficiency Anemia Research Articles

Comparative analysis of ferric carboxymaltose and iron sucrose in treating iron deficiency anemia in perimenopausal women with heavy menstrual bleeding: a randomized controlled trial.

To evaluate the impact of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) compared to iron sucrose (ISC) in perimenopausal women with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and anemia. This prospective, open-label, randomized controlled trial enrolled perimenopausal women (40-50 years) with HMB and hemoglobin levels between 6-10 g/dL, intolerant or non-compliant to oral iron therapy. The study compared FCM and ISC by assessing hematological parameters, including hemoglobin, ferritin, and iron levels, over a 12-week period. The patients were followed up at 3, 6, and 12 weeks after initiation. The adverse effects were also evaluated. The study included 60 perimenopausal women, with 30 in each group. The baseline patient characteristics were comparable. FCM demonstrated a statistically significant higher mean increase in hemoglobin (4.97 g/dL) than ISC (4.63 g/dL) over 12 weeks. The proportion of patients achieving correction of anemia (Hb ≥12%) was higher in the FCM group (75.9% vs. 65.5%). Serum ferritin levels were significantly higher in the FCM group after 3 weeks. Adverse effects were minimal and comparable between the groups. Although the direct cost of FCM is high, its ability to be administered in larger doses may result in lower total costs. In perimenopausal women with heavy menstrual bleeding and iron deficiency anemia, FCM and ISC show comparable efficacy in increasing hemoglobin levels with similar side effect profiles. This study highlights the potential benefits of FCM and calls for further exploration of these therapies in diverse patient populations.

Correction of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in women of reproductive age: choice of a drug within framework of concept of patient blood management

The article presents a review of the literature and our own data on the problem of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in patients of reproductive age with a burdened somatic status with the development of a chronic inflammatory process. In the concept of patient blood management (PBM), the diagnosis and treatment of anemia in patients with gynecological diseases requiring subsequent surgical treatment is given paramount importance, since anemia and iron deficiency are considered risk factors for worse treatment outcomes for patients. Women with gynecological pathology often have diseases that are accompanied by the development of a systemic inflammatory response, which leads to activation of hepcidin protein synthesis and the development of so-called anemia of inflammatory diseases. Data are presented indicating the effectiveness and safety of the sucrosomial iron drug (SiderAL® Forte) in obstetric and gynecological patients with increased levels of C-reactive protein in combination with iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. The increase in ferrokinetic parameters in patients receiving sucrosomial iron is due to the unique physicochemical and pharmacokinetic characteristics of sucrosome, which provides protection of sucrosomial iron from the effects of gastric juice, excluding contact with the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract and its absorption through special M-cells of the small intestinal mucosa followed by the release of iron in liver cells. Sucrosomial iron is novel, convenient, effective, and well tolerated compared with traditional oral iron supplements.

Construction of iron oxide nanoparticles modified with Angelica sinensis polysaccharide for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia

Construction of iron oxide nanoparticles modified with Angelica sinensis polysaccharide for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia

Diagnosis and Treatment of Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children and Adolescents: Recommendations of the Polish Pediatric Society, the Polish Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, the Polish Society of Neonatology, and the Polish Society of Family Medicine

Background/Objectives. Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies worldwide and is the leading cause of anemia in the pediatric population (microcytic, hypochromic anemia due to iron deficiency). Moreover, untreated iron deficiency can lead to various systemic consequences and can disrupt the child’s development. Methods/Results. Therefore, a team of experts from the Polish Pediatric Society, the Polish Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, the Polish Neonatology Society, and the Polish Society of Family Medicine, based on a review of the current literature, their own clinical experience, and critical discussion, has developed updated guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of iron deficiency in children from birth to 18 years of age. These recommendations apply to the general population and do not take into account the specifics of individual conditions and diseases.

Hepcidin Modulators: A Potential Alternative Treatment of Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Heart Failure

Heart failure affects roughly 6.7 million Americans and is associated with many comorbidities and complications, including iron deficiency and anemia. Iron homeostasis is integral to optimal body function. Hepcidin, a hepatically produced peptide, is a major modulator in iron homeostasis. Its synthesis is induced in part by inflammatory states. Iron deficiency in heart failure is currently diagnosed with the assessment of serum ferritin and percent of transferrin saturation. Iron deficiency in the setting of hepcidin excess in inflammatory conditions, such as heart failure, is discussed in this literature review. Iron deficiency is associated with worse prognosis and poorer outcomes in heart failure patients. Targeted treatment of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia may provide improved quality of life and decrease mortality and morbidity among heart failure patients. Current treatment options for iron deficiency and anemia include intravenous and oral iron supplementation, as well as other erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. However, concerns regarding safety have been raised in regards to these options. An emerging possibility for the treatment of iron deficiency in the setting of hepcidin overload is hepcidin modulators, including hepcidin antagonists or inhibitors. This review has addressed iron deficiency and anemia in heart failure and suggests that hepcidin antagonists/inhibitors may provide a viable alternative to the classic treatment methods.

The Effectiveness of Anemia Treatment with Injectable Iron within 48 to 72 Hours before Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery on Cardiac Function and Postoperative Outcome: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Anemia is considered as one of the risk factors affecting the outcomes after cardiac surgery. Accordingly, the improvement of iron deficiency anemia through injection or oral may be associated with the improvement of post-procedure results, especially the improvement of cardiovascular function. This study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of iron treatment shortly before surgery in reducing the need for blood transfusion and improving myocardial performance parameters (left ventricular ejection fraction) in coronary bypass surgery patients. Methods: This study was a single-blind randomized clinical trial. In total, 60 candidates for coronary bypass surgery having iron deficiency anemia before the operation were randomly divided into two groups treated with injectable iron supplement (iron sucrose at a dose of 200 mg/200 ml of normal saline injected in 30 minutes) 48 to 72 hours before surgery or without therapeutic intervention. The patients were examined during and after the operation in terms of surgical outcomes. Results: Treatment with injectable iron before surgery was associated with improvement in serum hemoglobin level after surgery and a significant reduction in the need for intraoperative and postoperative transfusions. Preoperative treatment of iron deficiency was associated with a reduction in the length of hospitalization of the patients after surgery. Conclusion: Treatment of iron deficiency anemia within 48 to 72 hours before surgery will improve the condition of patients’ anemia and compensate serum hemoglobin, reduce the need for blood transfusion during surgery and the length of hospitalization of the patients after surgery.

Treatment of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia in menstruating women

Iron deficiency and anaemia affect premenopausal women’s quality of life. Daily oral iron supplements are standard treatment, causing gastrointestinal side effects, which could be overcome by an alternate-day dosing regimen. In this review, we compare dosing strengths and frequencies in trials: Twice-daily doses of 160 mg of elemental iron increases the ferritin- but not the haemoglobin level significantly and is poorly tolerated compared to 60-80 mg elemental iron taken daily or every other day, in mild to moderate anemia, although evidence for severe anaemia is limited.

Investigating the binding affinity, molecular dynamics, and ADMET properties of curcumin-IONPs as a mucoadhesive bioavailable oral treatment for iron deficiency anemia

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common health issue, and researchers are interested in overcoming it. Nanotechnology green synthesis is one of the recent approaches to making efficient drugs. In this study, we modeled curcumin-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (cur-IONPs) to study their predicted toxicity and drug-likeness properties, then to investigate mucoadhesive behavior by docking cur-IONPs with two main mucin proteins in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) mucosa (muc 5AC and muc 2). Furthermore, the stability of cur-IONPs/protein complexes was assessed by molecular dynamics. Our in-silico studies results showed that cur-IONPs were predicted to be potential candidates to treat IDA due to its mucoadhesive properties, which could enhance the bioavailability, time residency, and iron absorbance through GIT, in addition to its high safety profile with high drug-likeness properties and oral bioavailability. Finally, molecular dynamic simulation studies revealed stable complexes supporting strength docking studies. Our results focus on the high importance of in-silico drug design studies; however, they need to be supported with in vitro and in vivo studies to reveal the efficacy, toxicity, and bioavailability of cur-IONPs.

Daily versus Alternate-Day Iron Supplementation for Pregnant Women with Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the most effective regimen to raise hemoglobin (Hb) by comparing alternate-day dosing of iron to daily dosing in pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia. Women with Hb < 11.0 g/dL and ferritin ≤ 25 µg/L between 120/7 and 340/7 weeks' gestation were recruited. A total of 88 patients were randomized using block randomization with 1:1 allocation to receive either 1 tablet of 325 mg ferrous sulfate on consecutive days or 2 tablets every other day. The primary outcome, the change in Hb after 6 weeks of treatment was assessed using an analysis of covariance to adjust for baseline level. Secondary outcomes included change in ferritin, hepcidin, side effects, and compliance. Patients completed a questionnaire to assess for adverse symptoms and adherence was monitored by installing a pill reminder app on smartphones of patients. A total of 88 patients were consented. The daily iron group had a greater proportion of nulliparous women (40 vs. 7%). Most patients (98%) had mild anemia (Hb: 9-10.9 g/dL) at recruitment, with a median gestational age of 28.1 weeks (interquartile range [IQR]: 25.6, 30.9) and median duration of treatment of 42 days (IQR: 35, 45). At 6 weeks, the daily iron group had a mean increase in Hb of 0.8 ± 0.9 g/dL, whereas the alternate-day iron group had a mean increase of 0.5 ± 1.0 g/dL (baseline adjusted difference of means: -0.3 [95% confidence interval: -0.7, 0.1], p = 0.15). Frequency of adverse effects attributable to iron were similar between groups. Patient self-reported compliance to treatment was also similar between groups. Among those that used the app, compliance was higher among the daily group compared with the alternate daily group (median: 95.5% [IQR: 75, 100] vs. 85% [IQR: 40, 92]), although this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.07). This trial suggests that there are no significant differences between alternate-day iron supplementation and daily iron supplementation for treating iron deficiency anemia. · Intermittent iron provides no additional benefit compared to daily iron in the treatment of anemia.. · Patient compliance to treatment was similar between the groups.. · The frequency of side effects was not significantly different between the groups..

Sheng Xue Ning as a Novel Agent that Promotes SCF-Driven Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Proliferation to Promote Erythropoiesis.

Stimulating erythropoiesis is essential in the treatment of various types of anemia. Sheng Xue Ning (SXN) is commonly used in China as an iron supplement to treat iron deficiency anemia, renal anemia, and anemia in pregnancy. This research reports a novel effect of SXN in enhancing the proliferation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) to promote erythropoiesis in the bone marrow, which is distinct from conventional iron supplements that primarily aid in the maturation of red blood cells. Employing a model of hematopoietic dysfunction induced by X-ray exposure, we evaluated the efficacy of SXN in restoring hematopoietic function. SXN significantly promoted the recovery of peripheral erythroid cells and enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of Lin-/c-KIT+/Sca-1+ HSPC in mice exposed to X-ray irradiation. Our results showed that SXN elevated the expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and activated the SCF/c-KIT/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, facilitating the proliferation and differentiation of HSPC. In vitro, SXN markedly enhanced the proliferation of bone marrow nucleated cell (BMNC) and the colony-forming capacity of BFU-E, CFU-E, and CFU-GM, while also elevating the expression of proteins involved in the SCF/c-KIT/PI3K/AKT pathway in BMNC. Additionally, SXN enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and increased SCF secretion. In conclusion, SXN demonstrates the capacity to enhance erythropoiesis by upregulating SCF expression, thereby promoting HSPC proliferation and differentiation via the SCF/c-KIT/PI3K/AKT pathway. SXN may offer a new strategy for improving the activity of HSPC and promoting erythropoiesis in the treatment of hematopoiesis disorders.

Comparison of the efficacy and adverse effects of oral ferrous succinate tablets and intravenous iron sucrose: a retrospective study

ObjectiveTo analyse the clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of iron preparations.MethodsA total of 374 patients with iron deficiency anaemia admitted to our hospital between 1 January and 31 December 2020 were included in this study. They were divided into 2 groups based on their medication regimens: Group A (n = 187) took oral ferrous succinate tablets, and Group B (n = 187) received intravenous iron sucrose. The remission of major symptoms, laboratory test results, ADRs and other related data were collected after 4 weeks of treatment.ResultsCompared with the pre-treatment baseline, haemoglobin (Hb), serum iron (SI), serum ferritin (SF) and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) increased in both groups at 4 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, Group A had lower levels of Hb (108.41 ± 8.39 vs. 122.31 ± 6.04 g/L, t = 6.293, P < 0.001), SI (9.72 ± 4.24 vs. 15.62 ± 5.41 µmol/L, t = 5.482, P < 0.001) and SF (27.1 ± 10.82 vs. 39.82 ± 10.44 ug/L, t = 6.793, P < 0.001) compared with Group B. In contrast, there was no significant difference in the post‐treatment level of MCV (P > 0.05). The overall response rate significantly differed between the 2 groups (78.61% vs. 90.91%, χ2 = 10.949, P < 0.001). The incidence of ADRs of both groups were similar, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.035, P = 0.851).ConclusionIron sucrose demonstrates favourable efficacy and safety in treating iron deficiency anaemia.

Iron deficiency anemia among infants: a retrospective cohort study

Postnatal iron deficiency, especially from ages 6 to 24 months, has long-term consequences lasting into adolescence and adulthood. We aimed to characterize iron deficiency anemia among infants from one central Israeli district by demographic and laboratory parameters. A retrospective chart review was performed on all infants from a single district who had undergone a complete blood count as part of a routine survey for iron deficiency anemia during 2010–2021. Data retrieved included hemoglobin levels, mean corpuscular volume, and demographic features: sex, sector (non-ultraorthodox Jew, ultraorthodox Jew, and Arab), socioeconomic status, and type of residence. The study group comprised 101,650 infants, aged 9 to 18 months. Iron deficiency anemia, defined as a hemoglobin level <11 g/dL and mean corpuscular volume <70 fl was observed in 4296 (4.2%) of the study infants. Iron deficiency anemia was more prevalent among Arab and ultraorthodox Jewish infants, than non-ultraorthodox Jewish infants (6.6% vs. 6% vs. 3%, respectively). It was also more prevalent among infants of low socioeconomic status, and relatively common among infants of rural residence. We identified two specific sub-populations at risk of developing iron deficiency anemia: Arab and ultraorthodox Jewish infants. We recommend enhancing the nationwide intervention program for both clinicians and parents, thereby treating iron deficiency anemia promptly to avoid short- and long-term deleterious health consequences.

Lactoferrin with Ferrous Gluconate versus Ferrous Gluconate for Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anaemia during Pregnancy

Lactoferrin with Ferrous Gluconate versus Ferrous Gluconate for Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anaemia during Pregnancy

A Review On: Role of Pearl Millet Derived Gluten Free Product and Its Benefit in Treating Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Celiac Patients

Hidden hunger is a global issue and is coming up as a alarming problem for mankind. At the same time world’s most popular countries data showed the occurrence of Celiac Disease, mostly popular in India, Brazil, Russia also in US. 5-8 million people of India is expected to have celiac disease which is not a number can be ignored. The Strict Gluten Free Diet (GFD) is the only therapy intended for celiac patients, as a result most of the patient suffers from Iron Deficiency Anemia which is one of the most reported additional intestinal manifestations of celiac disease. Today’s market lacks the proper gluten free diet products. Most of them are either too costly or not nutrient dense. Millets being a Nutri cereal and old-style staple food of the dry land areas of the world can work as wonder in treating this problem. Among millets, Pearl millet is famous and important grain in the dry and semitropical areas of many developing countries. Proper fortification, enrichment and introducing millets in the plate of celiac patients are showing beneficial result in improving their health status. Our present study will review the part of pearl millet derived product and their efficacy, in treating iron deficiency anemia in celiac patients.

PEMBERIAN JAMBU BIJI MERAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA IBU HAMIL

Anemia in pregnancy is a condition with hemoglobin (Hb) levels &lt; 11gr% in the first and third trimesters while the hemoglobin level in the second trimester is &lt; 10.5gr%. Untreated anemia in pregnant women will result in suboptimal growth and development of the fetus in the womb and has the potential to cause complications in pregnancy and childbirth, even causing maternal death. Prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia can be done by consuming blood supplement (Fe) tablets per day and adding vitamin C. Red guava is a fruit rich in vitamin C. The vitamin C contained in guava increases the absorption of iron by the body, so that the body can absorb iron optimally. The aim of this care is to provide care to anemic pregnant women by giving them red guava juice to increase hemoglobin levels. This research method is a type of descriptive research with a case study approach. The sample was 1 pregnant woman G1P0A0 UK 36 weeks with mild anemia. The care provided is by administering 1 x 250 ml of red guava juice per day for 7 days from 15 – 21 March 2024. Care is carried out in 2 visits. From 7 days of care, the result was an increase in the mother's hemoglobin level of 1.8 gr/dl, where previously the mother's first Hb was 10.7 gr/dl to 12.5 gr/dl. It was concluded that giving red guava juice can increase hemoglobin levels in anemic pregnant women.

Imaging arterial and venous vessels using Iron Dextran enhanced multi-echo 3D gradient echo MRI at 7T.

Iron Dextran is a widely used iron oxide compound to treat iron-deficiency anemia patients in the clinic. Similar to other iron oxide compounds such as Ferumoxytol, it can also be used off-label as an intravascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent due to its strong iron-induced T2 and T2* shortening effects. In this study, we seek to evaluate the feasibility of using Iron Dextran enhanced multi-echo susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) MRI at 7T to image arterial and venous blood vessels in the human brain. Phantom experiments were performed to measure the r2* relaxivity for Iron Dextran in blood, based on which the SWI sequence was optimized. Pre- and post-infusion MR images were acquired in human subjects from which maps of arteries and veins were extracted. The post-contrast SWI images showed enhanced susceptibility difference between blood and the surrounding tissue in both arteries and veins. Our results showed that the proposed Iron Dextran enhanced multi-echo SWI approach allowed the visualization of blood vessels with diameters down to ~100 μm, including small blood vessels supplying and draining small brain structures such as the hippocampus. We conclude that Iron Dextran can be an alternative iron-based MRI contrast agent for blood vessel imaging in the human brain.

Research Progress on the Clinical Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy by Combining Chinese and Western Medicine

Research Progress on the Clinical Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy by Combining Chinese and Western Medicine

Association Between Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Levels in Patients With Iron Deficiency Anemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India.

Background Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and diabetes are prevalent health concerns, especially in regions like India. While previous studies have explored the relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and IDA, there is still inconsistency in the findings, particularly in the Indian population. Understanding this association is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of both conditions. Materials and methods A case-control study was conducted at the Department of General Medicine at Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital (AVBRH),Wardha, India, from May 2022 to October 2022. A total of 141 non-diabetic patients with IDA (study group) and 141 age- and gender-matched non-anemic controls were included. HbA1c levels were measured at baseline and after three months of IDA treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, including the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results In the study group, HbA1c levels significantly increased from a mean of 4.63% at baseline to 5.82% after IDA treatment (p < 0.0001). However, there was no significant correlation between changes in hemoglobin (Hb) levels and HbA1c levels post-correction (r = 0.056, p = 0.510). In addition, all cases and controls were labeled non-diabetic based on a cutoff HbA1c level of 6%. After three months of IDA treatment, 80.85% of cases recovered from IDA. Conclusion The study highlights that HbA1c levels are lower in patients with IDA and may increase with the correction of IDA. However, there is no significant direct correlation between IDA correction and HbA1c increase. Therefore, when interpreting HbA1c levels, clinicians must consider the presence of IDA, especially in regions with high prevalence rates of both IDA and diabetes, like India. This understanding can improve management strategies for both conditions, ensuring better patient health outcomes.

Recombinant erythropoietin for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy: A systematic review.

Treatment options for severe, refractory iron deficiency anemia are limited in pregnancy. To review the available literature on the use of recombinant erythropoietin in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. An electronic search of seven databases from inception to March 2022 was performed using a combination of keywords. We included all randomized controlled or observational studies of pregnant patients with iron deficiency anemia who received recombinant erythropoietin or control. The primary outcome was a change in hematologic parameters (hemoglobin or hematocrit) after treatment. Studies were appraised using the criteria outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Data were summarized using narrative synthesis and descriptive statistics as appropriate. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022313328. Of 234 studies screened, five studies met the inclusion criteria and had sufficient data for analysis (n = 103 recombinant erythropoietin and n = 104 controls). All patients in the intervention group received iron supplementation (intravenous or oral) in addition to recombinant erythropoietin. All patients in the control group received iron supplementation (intravenous or oral) alone. As the result of variance between studies in inclusion criteria, the timing of repeat blood draws, and data reporting, a meta-analysis could not be performed. Three studies found that serial recombinant erythropoietin combined with iron supplementation was more effective at raising hematologic laboratory parameters (hemoglobin or hematocrit) than iron alone. One study reported no difference in hemoglobin or hematocrit levels between groups at day 28. However, patients in this study only received one dose of recombinant erythropoietin, whereas those in the other studies received serial doses. Another study also found no difference in hemoglobin levels by day 28, but patients in the recombinant erythropoietin group had lower hemoglobin levels at baseline and a more rapid rise in hemoglobin than iron alone. This is demonstrated by a more significant rise in hemoglobin at day 11 in the recombinant erythropoietin group than in the control group. Serial recombinant erythropoietin administration and iron supplementation may be more effective at treating refractory iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy than iron supplementation alone.

Iron Pill-Induced Gastritis in a Pediatric Patient Taking Ferrous Sulfate Tablets.

Iron supplementation is frequently used in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in the pediatric population. We describe a case of an 11-year old male who developed adverse side effects following treatment with oral ferrous sulfate tablets for 2 months. The diagnosis was made following findings of iron deposition on histology obtained during endoscopy. The iron supplementation was changed from tablet to liquid form, and repeat endoscopy 4 months following initial diagnosis showed resolution of the histologic findings of iron pill-induced gastritis.