Treatment Of Iron Deficiency Anemia Research Articles

Iron Sucrose versus Ferric Carboxymaltose: Effectiveness in Treatment of Postpartum Anaemia following Caesarian Section

Background: Postpartum anemia is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity throughout the world, particularly in developing countries.The most common causes of postpartum anemia are antepartum iron deficiency anemia and blood loss during childbirth. Treatment of anemia with ferric carboxymaltose during labor can considerably reduce maternal and newborn morbidity. The aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness of iron sucrose and ferric carboxymaltose in the treatment of postpartum anaemia following caesarian section. Materials and methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out among the 234 outdoor patients of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Sheikh Hasina Medical College Hospital, Tangail during the period from July 2017 to June 2020. Results: The pre-transfusion mean of hemoglobin level was 8.9±0.5 gm/dl and the post-transfusion mean of hemoglobin level was 10.4±0.4 gm/dl in group A. The pre-transfusion mean of hemoglobin level was 8.7±0.7 gm/dl and the post-transfusion mean of hemoglobin level was 11.0±0.4 gm/dl in group B. The mean of increased hemoglobin level was 1.5±0.4 gm/dl and 2.3±0.5 gm/dl respectively in both groups. The pre-transfusion mean of ferritin level was 46.3±16.1 ng/mL and the post-transfusion mean of ferritin level was 171.5±25.8 ng/mLin group A. The pre-transfusion level was 46.5±16.2 ng/mL and the post-transfusion mean ferritin level was ±24.9 ng/mLin group B. The mean of increased ferritin level was 125.2±22.2 ng/mL and 149.0± 20.5 ng/mL respectively in both groups. These differences were statistically significant within the study groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: The study revealed that serum ferritin levels increased significantly in the FCC group than ISC group. Ferric carboxymaltose are more effective and safe for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in postpartum patients. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(1), June 2024; 8-12

Comparative analysis of ferric carboxymaltose and iron sucrose in treating iron deficiency anemia in perimenopausal women with heavy menstrual bleeding: a randomized controlled trial.

To evaluate the impact of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) compared to iron sucrose (ISC) in perimenopausal women with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and anemia. This prospective, open-label, randomized controlled trial enrolled perimenopausal women (40-50 years) with HMB and hemoglobin levels between 6-10 g/dL, intolerant or non-compliant to oral iron therapy. The study compared FCM and ISC by assessing hematological parameters, including hemoglobin, ferritin, and iron levels, over a 12-week period. The patients were followed up at 3, 6, and 12 weeks after initiation. The adverse effects were also evaluated. The study included 60 perimenopausal women, with 30 in each group. The baseline patient characteristics were comparable. FCM demonstrated a statistically significant higher mean increase in hemoglobin (4.97 g/dL) than ISC (4.63 g/dL) over 12 weeks. The proportion of patients achieving correction of anemia (Hb ≥12%) was higher in the FCM group (75.9% vs. 65.5%). Serum ferritin levels were significantly higher in the FCM group after 3 weeks. Adverse effects were minimal and comparable between the groups. Although the direct cost of FCM is high, its ability to be administered in larger doses may result in lower total costs. In perimenopausal women with heavy menstrual bleeding and iron deficiency anemia, FCM and ISC show comparable efficacy in increasing hemoglobin levels with similar side effect profiles. This study highlights the potential benefits of FCM and calls for further exploration of these therapies in diverse patient populations.

Intravenous iron preoperatively for woman with severe anaemia

Iron deficiency is the main cause of anaemia, especially in premenopausal due to heavy menstrual bleeding. In this case report, an asymptomatic woman presented with a haemoglobin level of 3.9 mmol/l. Due to uterine fibroids, she was scheduled for myomectomy, and she was treated with IV iron. Fourteen days post infusion her haemoglobin level was 6.3 mmol/l. This highlights the importance of screening women for heavy menstrual bleeding causing iron deficiency, and encourage at-risk women to take iron supplements. Furthermore, one should be aware of IV iron therapy as an alternative to blood transfusion in treating iron deficiency anaemia.

Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in pregnancy: short-term effects on maternal and foetal wellbeing

Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in pregnancy: short-term effects on maternal and foetal wellbeing

Correction of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in women of reproductive age: choice of a drug within framework of concept of patient blood management

The article presents a review of the literature and our own data on the problem of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in patients of reproductive age with a burdened somatic status with the development of a chronic inflammatory process. In the concept of patient blood management (PBM), the diagnosis and treatment of anemia in patients with gynecological diseases requiring subsequent surgical treatment is given paramount importance, since anemia and iron deficiency are considered risk factors for worse treatment outcomes for patients. Women with gynecological pathology often have diseases that are accompanied by the development of a systemic inflammatory response, which leads to activation of hepcidin protein synthesis and the development of so-called anemia of inflammatory diseases. Data are presented indicating the effectiveness and safety of the sucrosomial iron drug (SiderAL® Forte) in obstetric and gynecological patients with increased levels of C-reactive protein in combination with iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. The increase in ferrokinetic parameters in patients receiving sucrosomial iron is due to the unique physicochemical and pharmacokinetic characteristics of sucrosome, which provides protection of sucrosomial iron from the effects of gastric juice, excluding contact with the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract and its absorption through special M-cells of the small intestinal mucosa followed by the release of iron in liver cells. Sucrosomial iron is novel, convenient, effective, and well tolerated compared with traditional oral iron supplements.

Construction of iron oxide nanoparticles modified with Angelica sinensis polysaccharide for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia

Construction of iron oxide nanoparticles modified with Angelica sinensis polysaccharide for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia

Diagnosis and Treatment of Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children and Adolescents: Recommendations of the Polish Pediatric Society, the Polish Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, the Polish Society of Neonatology, and the Polish Society of Family Medicine.

Background/Objectives. Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies worldwide and is the leading cause of anemia in the pediatric population (microcytic, hypochromic anemia due to iron deficiency). Moreover, untreated iron deficiency can lead to various systemic consequences and can disrupt the child's development. Methods/Results. Therefore, a team of experts from the Polish Pediatric Society, the Polish Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, the Polish Neonatology Society, and the Polish Society of Family Medicine, based on a review of the current literature, their own clinical experience, and critical discussion, has developed updated guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of iron deficiency in children from birth to 18 years of age. These recommendations apply to the general population and do not take into account the specifics of individual conditions and diseases.

The prevalence of dental caries in children with iron deficiency anemia in the Karaganda Region

Aim of the study. To assess the prevalence of caries in children with iron deficiency anemia.Materials and methods. A study was conducted on 1500 children and adolescents in 3 areas of the Karaganda region, of which 54% suffer from IDA. Study examined children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years, who were classified into three age categories: preschool children (3-6 years), primary school age (7-11 years), and high school age (12-17 years). The analysis was aimed at identifying the connection between iron deficiency anemia and the prevalence of caries among children and adolescents in the Karaganda region. To achieve this goal, statistical methods were applied, including correlation analysis and analysis of variance, considering age groups and regional characteristics.Results and discussion. All study participants examined showed a direct connection between the degree of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and the prevalence of caries, amounting to 67.98%, which is a significant correlation. This effect is especially noticeable among children aged 7 to 11 years. It was also found that with an increase in the severity of iron deficiency anemia, an increase in the number of cases of decompensated caries is observed.Conclusions. Children and adolescents with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) exhibit higher rates of caries activity. In severe iron deficiency anemia, there is a high prevalence of caries, which indicates a significant impact of iron deficiency on dental health. Such figures indicate the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency anemia to improve overall health and prevent possible complications in the form of oral diseases, including caries.

Hepcidin Modulators: A Potential Alternative Treatment of Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Heart Failure

Heart failure affects roughly 6.7 million Americans and is associated with many comorbidities and complications, including iron deficiency and anemia. Iron homeostasis is integral to optimal body function. Hepcidin, a hepatically produced peptide, is a major modulator in iron homeostasis. Its synthesis is induced in part by inflammatory states. Iron deficiency in heart failure is currently diagnosed with the assessment of serum ferritin and percent of transferrin saturation. Iron deficiency in the setting of hepcidin excess in inflammatory conditions, such as heart failure, is discussed in this literature review. Iron deficiency is associated with worse prognosis and poorer outcomes in heart failure patients. Targeted treatment of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia may provide improved quality of life and decrease mortality and morbidity among heart failure patients. Current treatment options for iron deficiency and anemia include intravenous and oral iron supplementation, as well as other erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. However, concerns regarding safety have been raised in regards to these options. An emerging possibility for the treatment of iron deficiency in the setting of hepcidin overload is hepcidin modulators, including hepcidin antagonists or inhibitors. This review has addressed iron deficiency and anemia in heart failure and suggests that hepcidin antagonists/inhibitors may provide a viable alternative to the classic treatment methods.

The Effectiveness of Anemia Treatment with Injectable Iron within 48 to 72 Hours before Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery on Cardiac Function and Postoperative Outcome: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Anemia is considered as one of the risk factors affecting the outcomes after cardiac surgery. Accordingly, the improvement of iron deficiency anemia through injection or oral may be associated with the improvement of post-procedure results, especially the improvement of cardiovascular function. This study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of iron treatment shortly before surgery in reducing the need for blood transfusion and improving myocardial performance parameters (left ventricular ejection fraction) in coronary bypass surgery patients. Methods: This study was a single-blind randomized clinical trial. In total, 60 candidates for coronary bypass surgery having iron deficiency anemia before the operation were randomly divided into two groups treated with injectable iron supplement (iron sucrose at a dose of 200 mg/200 ml of normal saline injected in 30 minutes) 48 to 72 hours before surgery or without therapeutic intervention. The patients were examined during and after the operation in terms of surgical outcomes. Results: Treatment with injectable iron before surgery was associated with improvement in serum hemoglobin level after surgery and a significant reduction in the need for intraoperative and postoperative transfusions. Preoperative treatment of iron deficiency was associated with a reduction in the length of hospitalization of the patients after surgery. Conclusion: Treatment of iron deficiency anemia within 48 to 72 hours before surgery will improve the condition of patients’ anemia and compensate serum hemoglobin, reduce the need for blood transfusion during surgery and the length of hospitalization of the patients after surgery.

Treatment of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia in menstruating women

Iron deficiency and anaemia affect premenopausal women's quality of life. Daily oral iron supplements are standard treatment, causing gastrointestinal side effects, which could be overcome by an alternate-day dosing regimen. In this review, we compare dosing strengths and frequencies in trials: Twice-daily doses of 160 mg of elemental iron increases the ferritin- but not the haemoglobin level significantly and is poorly tolerated compared to 60-80 mg elemental iron taken daily or every other day, in mild to moderate anemia, although evidence for severe anaemia is limited.

Investigating the binding affinity, molecular dynamics, and ADMET properties of curcumin-IONPs as a mucoadhesive bioavailable oral treatment for iron deficiency anemia

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common health issue, and researchers are interested in overcoming it. Nanotechnology green synthesis is one of the recent approaches to making efficient drugs. In this study, we modeled curcumin-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (cur-IONPs) to study their predicted toxicity and drug-likeness properties, then to investigate mucoadhesive behavior by docking cur-IONPs with two main mucin proteins in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) mucosa (muc 5AC and muc 2). Furthermore, the stability of cur-IONPs/protein complexes was assessed by molecular dynamics. Our in-silico studies results showed that cur-IONPs were predicted to be potential candidates to treat IDA due to its mucoadhesive properties, which could enhance the bioavailability, time residency, and iron absorbance through GIT, in addition to its high safety profile with high drug-likeness properties and oral bioavailability. Finally, molecular dynamic simulation studies revealed stable complexes supporting strength docking studies. Our results focus on the high importance of in-silico drug design studies; however, they need to be supported with in vitro and in vivo studies to reveal the efficacy, toxicity, and bioavailability of cur-IONPs.

Daily versus Alternate-Day Iron Supplementation for Pregnant Women with Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the most effective regimen to raise hemoglobin (Hb) by comparing alternate-day dosing of iron to daily dosing in pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia. Women with Hb < 11.0 g/dL and ferritin ≤ 25 µg/L between 120/7 and 340/7 weeks' gestation were recruited. A total of 88 patients were randomized using block randomization with 1:1 allocation to receive either 1 tablet of 325 mg ferrous sulfate on consecutive days or 2 tablets every other day. The primary outcome, the change in Hb after 6 weeks of treatment was assessed using an analysis of covariance to adjust for baseline level. Secondary outcomes included change in ferritin, hepcidin, side effects, and compliance. Patients completed a questionnaire to assess for adverse symptoms and adherence was monitored by installing a pill reminder app on smartphones of patients. A total of 88 patients were consented. The daily iron group had a greater proportion of nulliparous women (40 vs. 7%). Most patients (98%) had mild anemia (Hb: 9-10.9 g/dL) at recruitment, with a median gestational age of 28.1 weeks (interquartile range [IQR]: 25.6, 30.9) and median duration of treatment of 42 days (IQR: 35, 45). At 6 weeks, the daily iron group had a mean increase in Hb of 0.8 ± 0.9 g/dL, whereas the alternate-day iron group had a mean increase of 0.5 ± 1.0 g/dL (baseline adjusted difference of means: -0.3 [95% confidence interval: -0.7, 0.1], p = 0.15). Frequency of adverse effects attributable to iron were similar between groups. Patient self-reported compliance to treatment was also similar between groups. Among those that used the app, compliance was higher among the daily group compared with the alternate daily group (median: 95.5% [IQR: 75, 100] vs. 85% [IQR: 40, 92]), although this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.07). This trial suggests that there are no significant differences between alternate-day iron supplementation and daily iron supplementation for treating iron deficiency anemia. · Intermittent iron provides no additional benefit compared to daily iron in the treatment of anemia.. · Patient compliance to treatment was similar between the groups.. · The frequency of side effects was not significantly different between the groups..

Sheng Xue Ning as a Novel Agent that Promotes SCF-Driven Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Proliferation to Promote Erythropoiesis.

Stimulating erythropoiesis is essential in the treatment of various types of anemia. Sheng Xue Ning (SXN) is commonly used in China as an iron supplement to treat iron deficiency anemia, renal anemia, and anemia in pregnancy. This research reports a novel effect of SXN in enhancing the proliferation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) to promote erythropoiesis in the bone marrow, which is distinct from conventional iron supplements that primarily aid in the maturation of red blood cells. Employing a model of hematopoietic dysfunction induced by X-ray exposure, we evaluated the efficacy of SXN in restoring hematopoietic function. SXN significantly promoted the recovery of peripheral erythroid cells and enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of Lin-/c-KIT+/Sca-1+ HSPC in mice exposed to X-ray irradiation. Our results showed that SXN elevated the expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and activated the SCF/c-KIT/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, facilitating the proliferation and differentiation of HSPC. In vitro, SXN markedly enhanced the proliferation of bone marrow nucleated cell (BMNC) and the colony-forming capacity of BFU-E, CFU-E, and CFU-GM, while also elevating the expression of proteins involved in the SCF/c-KIT/PI3K/AKT pathway in BMNC. Additionally, SXN enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and increased SCF secretion. In conclusion, SXN demonstrates the capacity to enhance erythropoiesis by upregulating SCF expression, thereby promoting HSPC proliferation and differentiation via the SCF/c-KIT/PI3K/AKT pathway. SXN may offer a new strategy for improving the activity of HSPC and promoting erythropoiesis in the treatment of hematopoiesis disorders.

Comparison of the efficacy and adverse effects of oral ferrous succinate tablets and intravenous iron sucrose: a retrospective study

ObjectiveTo analyse the clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of iron preparations.MethodsA total of 374 patients with iron deficiency anaemia admitted to our hospital between 1 January and 31 December 2020 were included in this study. They were divided into 2 groups based on their medication regimens: Group A (n = 187) took oral ferrous succinate tablets, and Group B (n = 187) received intravenous iron sucrose. The remission of major symptoms, laboratory test results, ADRs and other related data were collected after 4 weeks of treatment.ResultsCompared with the pre-treatment baseline, haemoglobin (Hb), serum iron (SI), serum ferritin (SF) and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) increased in both groups at 4 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, Group A had lower levels of Hb (108.41 ± 8.39 vs. 122.31 ± 6.04 g/L, t = 6.293, P < 0.001), SI (9.72 ± 4.24 vs. 15.62 ± 5.41 µmol/L, t = 5.482, P < 0.001) and SF (27.1 ± 10.82 vs. 39.82 ± 10.44 ug/L, t = 6.793, P < 0.001) compared with Group B. In contrast, there was no significant difference in the post‐treatment level of MCV (P > 0.05). The overall response rate significantly differed between the 2 groups (78.61% vs. 90.91%, χ2 = 10.949, P < 0.001). The incidence of ADRs of both groups were similar, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.035, P = 0.851).ConclusionIron sucrose demonstrates favourable efficacy and safety in treating iron deficiency anaemia.

Iron deficiency anemia among infants: a retrospective cohort study

Postnatal iron deficiency, especially from ages 6 to 24 months, has long-term consequences lasting into adolescence and adulthood. We aimed to characterize iron deficiency anemia among infants from one central Israeli district by demographic and laboratory parameters. A retrospective chart review was performed on all infants from a single district who had undergone a complete blood count as part of a routine survey for iron deficiency anemia during 2010–2021. Data retrieved included hemoglobin levels, mean corpuscular volume, and demographic features: sex, sector (non-ultraorthodox Jew, ultraorthodox Jew, and Arab), socioeconomic status, and type of residence. The study group comprised 101,650 infants, aged 9 to 18 months. Iron deficiency anemia, defined as a hemoglobin level <11 g/dL and mean corpuscular volume <70 fl was observed in 4296 (4.2%) of the study infants. Iron deficiency anemia was more prevalent among Arab and ultraorthodox Jewish infants, than non-ultraorthodox Jewish infants (6.6% vs. 6% vs. 3%, respectively). It was also more prevalent among infants of low socioeconomic status, and relatively common among infants of rural residence. We identified two specific sub-populations at risk of developing iron deficiency anemia: Arab and ultraorthodox Jewish infants. We recommend enhancing the nationwide intervention program for both clinicians and parents, thereby treating iron deficiency anemia promptly to avoid short- and long-term deleterious health consequences.

Lactoferrin with Ferrous Gluconate versus Ferrous Gluconate for Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anaemia during Pregnancy

Lactoferrin with Ferrous Gluconate versus Ferrous Gluconate for Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anaemia during Pregnancy

A Review On: Role of Pearl Millet Derived Gluten Free Product and Its Benefit in Treating Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Celiac Patients

Hidden hunger is a global issue and is coming up as a alarming problem for mankind. At the same time world’s most popular countries data showed the occurrence of Celiac Disease, mostly popular in India, Brazil, Russia also in US. 5-8 million people of India is expected to have celiac disease which is not a number can be ignored. The Strict Gluten Free Diet (GFD) is the only therapy intended for celiac patients, as a result most of the patient suffers from Iron Deficiency Anemia which is one of the most reported additional intestinal manifestations of celiac disease. Today’s market lacks the proper gluten free diet products. Most of them are either too costly or not nutrient dense. Millets being a Nutri cereal and old-style staple food of the dry land areas of the world can work as wonder in treating this problem. Among millets, Pearl millet is famous and important grain in the dry and semitropical areas of many developing countries. Proper fortification, enrichment and introducing millets in the plate of celiac patients are showing beneficial result in improving their health status. Our present study will review the part of pearl millet derived product and their efficacy, in treating iron deficiency anemia in celiac patients.

PEMBERIAN JAMBU BIJI MERAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA IBU HAMIL

Anemia in pregnancy is a condition with hemoglobin (Hb) levels &lt; 11gr% in the first and third trimesters while the hemoglobin level in the second trimester is &lt; 10.5gr%. Untreated anemia in pregnant women will result in suboptimal growth and development of the fetus in the womb and has the potential to cause complications in pregnancy and childbirth, even causing maternal death. Prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia can be done by consuming blood supplement (Fe) tablets per day and adding vitamin C. Red guava is a fruit rich in vitamin C. The vitamin C contained in guava increases the absorption of iron by the body, so that the body can absorb iron optimally. The aim of this care is to provide care to anemic pregnant women by giving them red guava juice to increase hemoglobin levels. This research method is a type of descriptive research with a case study approach. The sample was 1 pregnant woman G1P0A0 UK 36 weeks with mild anemia. The care provided is by administering 1 x 250 ml of red guava juice per day for 7 days from 15 – 21 March 2024. Care is carried out in 2 visits. From 7 days of care, the result was an increase in the mother's hemoglobin level of 1.8 gr/dl, where previously the mother's first Hb was 10.7 gr/dl to 12.5 gr/dl. It was concluded that giving red guava juice can increase hemoglobin levels in anemic pregnant women.

Imaging arterial and venous vessels using Iron Dextran enhanced multi-echo 3D gradient echo MRI at 7T.

Iron Dextran is a widely used iron oxide compound to treat iron-deficiency anemia patients in the clinic. Similar to other iron oxide compounds such as Ferumoxytol, it can also be used off-label as an intravascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent due to its strong iron-induced T2 and T2* shortening effects. In this study, we seek to evaluate the feasibility of using Iron Dextran enhanced multi-echo susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) MRI at 7T to image arterial and venous blood vessels in the human brain. Phantom experiments were performed to measure the r2* relaxivity for Iron Dextran in blood, based on which the SWI sequence was optimized. Pre- and post-infusion MR images were acquired in human subjects from which maps of arteries and veins were extracted. The post-contrast SWI images showed enhanced susceptibility difference between blood and the surrounding tissue in both arteries and veins. Our results showed that the proposed Iron Dextran enhanced multi-echo SWI approach allowed the visualization of blood vessels with diameters down to ~100 μm, including small blood vessels supplying and draining small brain structures such as the hippocampus. We conclude that Iron Dextran can be an alternative iron-based MRI contrast agent for blood vessel imaging in the human brain.