Treatment Of Dental Infections Research Articles

5700467 Amorphous silicon carbide film and photovoltaic device using the same

Enterococcus faecalis is considered to be one of most prevalent species in the oral cavity, particularly in endodontic infections. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of E. faecalis in dental root canals, clonal diversity by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) analysis, and the antibiotic susceptibility of E. faecalis isolates.Among the bacterial strains isolated from dental root canal specimens (n = 82), E. faecalis was determined to have the highest prevalence followed by Streptococcus viridians, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mitis, and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Cluster analysis of RAPD-PCR and RFLP patterns of the E. faecalis isolates discriminated five and six different genotypes, respectively. Among the tested strains, 43%, 52% and 5% were susceptible, intermediate resistant, and resistant to erythromycin, respectively. In addition, one strain (E-12) was intermediate resistant to linezolid, and one isolate (E-16) was resistant to tetracycline. Interestingly, many of the intermediate resistant/resistant strains were grouped in clusters 5 and 6, according RAPD and to RFLP, respectively.E. faecalis demonstrated the highest prevalence in the tested dental root canal specimens collected from Saudi patients and were grouped into five to six different genotypes. Different levels of antimicrobial susceptibility were observed in the tested E. faecalis strains, which clearly indicated that although bacterial strains may be similar, point mutations can result in extreme susceptibility or resistance to various antibiotics. This phenomenon is a cause for concern for clinicians in the treatment of dental infections caused by E. faecalis.

Bacteriology and treatment of dental infections

The microbiologic and therapeutic aspects of sixty-one cases of pyogenic dental infection were studied through the use of modern anaerobic culture methods. Forty-five (74 percent) patients had anaerobic infections. Among them, eighteen (29.5 percent) had Bacterioides fragilis, of which six were resistant to penicillin at 16 μg/ml. but all were susceptible to clindamycin at <2 μg/ml. Of twenty-five patients treated with 4 to 20 million units of penicillin per day, twenty were cured and did not suffer relapse. The five patients in whom treatment failed had mandibular fractures infected with B. fragilis. Of ten patients treated with clindamycin (600 mg. intravenously every 6 hours), which included five patients with B. fragilis infections, all were cured. The presence of B. fragilis in dental infections has not been recognized. Dental infections associated with mandibular fracture that fail to respond to conventional penicillin therapy should be routinely cultured for B. fragilis.

Antibiotics in dentistry

SummaryThe prophylactic and therapeutic uses of antibiotics in dental practice are reviewed and the advantages and disadvantages of the different antibiotics are discussed. It is concluded that for most patients penicillin is an efficient and inexpensive drug for routine use in prophylaxis and the treatment of dental infections. Erythromycin stearate is an effective alternative, particularly for patients with penicillin sensitivity, and cephaloridine and clindamycin are useful under certain circumstances.

Cloxacillin in the treatment of dental infection

This study, in which twenty-three of twenty-eight subjects (90 per cent) underwent successful antibiotic treatment without significant side effects, demonstrates the clinical efficacy of cloxacillin in the treatment of common dental infections.

The clinical use of antibiotics. III. Treatment of dental infections: Perrin H. Long. U.S.A.F. M. J. 1: 1109, October, 1950

The clinical use of antibiotics. III. Treatment of dental infections: Perrin H. Long. U.S.A.F. M. J. 1: 1109, October, 1950