Treatment Of Chronic Pharyngitis Research Articles

Efficacy of botanical lozenges in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: In clinical practice, antibiotics and/or inhaled or oral hormone preparations are the first line of treatment for chronic pharyngitis. However, this therapeutic regimen is not satisfactory enough. At present, medicinal plants as dietary supplements or functional foods are widely recognized for the treatment and prevention of different diseases. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the botanical lozenge made from several medicinal plant extracts in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis and its effects on patients' illness perception and adherence to treatment. Methods: Patients with chronic pharyngitis were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 52) or the control group (n = 51). Patients were given botanical lozenges prepared from the extracts of medicinal plants such as Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey ex A.M.Lu and Zhi Y. Zhang [Cucurbitaceae; Siraitiae fructus], Lonicera japonica Thunb [Caprifoliaceae; Lonicerae japonicae flos], Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC [Campanulaceae; Platycodon radix], and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC [Fabaceae; Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma] or placebos made of starch for 15 days. The improvement of pharyngeal symptoms and signs, illness perception, and adherence to treatment were evaluated at the end of the intervention. Results: The total score of pharyngeal symptoms of patients in the experimental group (3.33 ± 2.33) was significantly lower than that in the control group (5.20 ± 2.93) (p < 0.01). In comparison to the control group (3.43 ± 1.43), the total pharyngeal signs score of patients in the experimental group (2.69 ± 1.59) was considerably lower (p < 0.01). The improvement rates of pharyngeal itching, dry throat, pharyngeal foreign body sensation, aggravation due to excessive speaking, and congestion of pharyngeal mucosa in the experimental group were 73.81%, 67.50%, 67.57%, 65.22% and 44%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, patients taking botanical lozenges had better illness perception and adherence to treatment than those taking placebos (p < 0.05). Patients with low adherence to treatment showed less personal control, concerns, and understanding of chronic pharyngitis (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Botanical lozenges not only aided patients in recovering from chronic pharyngitis but also improved their positive perceptions of the disease, which helped them adhere to their treatment regimen. Clinical Trial Registration: [https://www.chictr.org.cn/], identifier [ChiCTR2200062139].

The use of autologous platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of autologous PRP in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis. Autologous PRP was injected into the posterior pharyngeal wall as a course of endopharyngeal blockages as part of the complex therapy of chronic pharyngitis. Patients in the control group received standard therapy, without the use of autologous PRP. The effectiveness of the studied technique was evaluated by statistical analysis of the intensity of symptoms of the disease, determined by patients throughout the entire period of treatment in the patient's diary, as well as by analyzing data from mass spectrometry of microbial markers and bacteriological examination of the pharyngeal mucosa, collected at the beginning of the study and 14 days after completion of the course of therapy. The use of a course of endopharyngeal blockades with autologous platelet-rich plasma as part of the complex therapy of chronic pharyngitis, according to our estimates, provides a significant effect in the form of higher rates of reduction in the severity of symptoms of the disease, a significant reduction in the number of microorganisms deviating from the reference values (by 2 times or more), a decrease in the duration of the disease compared with the control group.

Clinical comprehensive evaluation of Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules in treatment of chronic pharyngitis

According to the Guidelines for clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine(2022 version), this study comprehensively compared the clinical value of Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules with that of another commonly used Chinese patent medicine(drug A).(1)Effectiveness: Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules had antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and pain-relieving effects and can improve the total response rate in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis. Moreover, they took effect faster than the control group.(2)Safety: Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules did not cause acute toxicity and long-term toxicity, with low incidence of adverse reactions, which were mild and alleviated after drug withdrawal. Therefore, the risk of Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules was under control.(3)Economy: Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules had lower cost per course of treatment than drug A. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER) of Jinsang Liyan Pills combined with Jinsang Qingyin Pills was-39.97 yuan compared with conventional treatment. The ICER of Jinsang Liyan Pills compared with amoxicilin was 0.01 yuan. The results meant that Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules had a cost-effectiveness advantage.(4)Innovation: Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules had reasonably formula and wide indications, meeting the clinical needs. Moreover, they had been authorized four patents of advanced manufacturing technology.(5)Suitability: the storage and administration of Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules were convenient, with clear instruction of medication.(6) Accessibility: Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules had sufficient drug reserve, caused low economic burden of patients, and presented environmental bearing capacity. Finally, Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules were scored 79.10 points, and drug A 67.93 points. The experts reached the consensus of grade A for Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules, which can be directly converted into decision making. The result of this comprehensive evaluation of Jinsang Liyan Pills/Capsules highlight the clinical advantages in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis and lay a foundation for the standardized research on the clinical basic research of the drug in the future.

Rabdosichuanin C inhibits productions of pro-inflammatory mediators regulated by NF-κB signaling in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.

Chronic pharyngitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease of the pharyngeal mucosa and its lymphatic tissues that is difficult to treat clinically. However, research on the exact therapeutic agents and molecular mechanisms of CP is still unclear. In this study, we investigated Rabdosichuanin C (RC) to attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory damage in RAW264.7 cells by a combination of targeted virtual screening and in vitro activity assay and further clarified its molecular mechanism of action centering on the IκB/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Molecular docking and pharmacophore simulation methods were used to screen compounds with IκB inhibitory effects. Expression of genes and proteins related to the IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway by RC in LPS-induced inflammatory injury model of RAW264.7 cells was detected by PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot. The docking of RC with IκB protein showed good binding energy, and pharmacophore simulations further confirmed the active effect of RC in inhibiting IκB protein. RC intervention in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells significantly reduced the expression levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins-6, iNOS, and CD-86 at the messenger RNA and protein levels, downregulated IκB, p65 protein phosphorylation levels, and significantly inhibited IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway activation. Virtual screening provided us with an effective method to rapidly identify compounds RC that target inhibit the action of IκB, and the activity results showed that RC inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway activation. It is suggested that RC may play a role in the treatment of CP by inhibiting the IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Лечение хронического фарингита в фазе обострения: клинико-иммунологические и микробиологические аспекты

В статье представлены данные исследования, посвященного комплексной клинико-иммунологической и микробиологической оценке эффективности препарата Септолете Плюс в лечении хронического фарингита в стадии обострения. Исследование было проведено в группе из 100 пациентов, в лечении которых использовался препарат Септолете Плюс пастилки для рассасывания (до 6 пастилок в день в виде монотерапии на протяжении 5 дней). Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о положительной динамике клинического течения заболевания и состояния иммунных механизмов защиты на фоне назначения препарата Септолете Плюс. Препарат показал высокие бактерицидность и фунгицидность, а также отсутствие токсического влияния на клетки, находящиеся в ротоглоточном секрете, и клетки слизистой оболочки, а также умеренную иммуномодулирующую активность.

High or low temperature extraction, which is more conducive to Triphala against chronic pharyngitis?

ObjectiveExplore the effects of high-temperature reflux extraction and low-temperature decompressing inner ebullition on Triphala's chemical composition and anti-chronic pharyngitis activity. MethodsThe network pharmacology was used to analyze the material basis, targets and pathways of Triphala for chronic pharyngitis. HPLC were used to compare the fingerprint profile and content of components between the two extracts. The antioxidant and anti-chronic pharyngitis activities of the two extracts were compared by DPPH assay and ammonia induced chronic pharyngitis model in rats. ResultsThe network pharmacology results showed that the active ingredients of Triphala for chronic pharyngitis are epigallocatechin-3-gallate, (+)-catechin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, (+)-gallocatechin, quercetin, luteolin, leucodelphinidin and other flavonoids; phenolic acids such as gallic acid and ellagic acid; alkaloids such as ellipticine, cheilanthifoline; hydrolyzed tannins such as corilagin and chebulic acid. The high-temperature reflux extract and the low-temperature decompressing inner ebullition extract have extremely significant differences in the fingerprint profile. Among them, the content of gallic acid, ellagic acid, chebulic acid, catechin, epicatechin, corilagin, quercetin, and epicatechin gallate in the reflux extract is 1.1–5.3 times as much as decompressing inner ebullition extract. The free radical scavenging ability of reflux extract is significantly stronger than that of decompression extract (p < 0.01), and it has a repairing effect on pharyngeal mucosal damage (reducing keratinization or hyperplasia of mucosal epithelium, reducing inflammatory cell infiltration and bleeding), and reducing IL-1β (P＜0.05), IL-6 (p＜0.05), TNF-α overexpression ability is stronger than the decompressing inner ebullition extract. Conclusionsgallic acid, ellagic acid, chebulic acid, catechin, epicatechin, corilagin and epicatechin gallate are the basic aglycones or oligomers of tannin. High temperature reflux extraction can significantly promote the occurrence of the hydrolysis of tannins and significantly increases the content of these components.Therefore, its anti-chronic pharyngitis activity is enhanced. It is suggested that high temperature reflux extraction should be used in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis.

Network Pharmacology Analysis of the Mechanisms of Compound Herba Sarcandrae (Fufang Zhongjiefeng) Aerosol in Chronic Pharyngitis Treatment.

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of compound herba Sarcandrae aerosol, also known as the Fufang Zhongjiefeng (FFZJF) aerosol, in treating chronic pharyngitis (CP) using network pharmacology and in vivo experimental approaches.MethodsActive compounds and putative targets of five herbs in FFZJF were identified from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, Chemistry Database, and Swiss Target Prediction databases. The therapeutic targets of CP were obtained from OMIM, Durgbank, DisGeNT, and GAD databases. The active compounds-target networks were constructed using Cytoscape 3.6.1. The overlapping targets of FFZJF active compounds and CP targets were further analyzed using the String database to construct protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. KEGG pathway and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis was performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. The predicted targets and pathways were validated in a group A β-hemolytic streptococcus-induced rat CP model.ResultsThere were 45 active compounds identified from FFZJF and 11 potential protein targets identified for CP treatment. PPI network demonstrated that IL6, PTGS2, TLR-4, and TNF may serve as the key targets of FFZJF for the treatment of CP. The main functional pathways involving these key targets include cytokine secretion, inflammatory response, MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway. In a rat CP model, the elevation of serum TNF-α, IL1β, and IL6 levels, as well as the upregulation of TLR-4, MyD88, NF-κB P65 in the pharyngeal mucosal tissues could be effectively reduced by FFZJF treatment in a dose-dependent manner.ConclusionThrough a network pharmacology approach and animal study, we predicted and validated the active compounds of FFZJF and their potential targets for CP treatment. The results suggest that FFZJF can markedly alleviate GAS-induced chronic pharyngitis by modulating the TLR-4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways.

The efficacy and safety of Banxia-Houpo-Tang for chronic pharyngitis: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis.

Background:Chronic pharyngitis is a common disease with a dry throat, sore throat, pharyngeal itching, dry cough, and difficulty in swallowing, bringing inconvenience to patients’ daily life. Banxia-Houpo-Tang (BHT) has proven to be effective in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis, yet its real extent is not well understood. To prove this point, we will perform a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of BHT for chronic pharyngitis.Methods/design:We will search for electronic databases both English and Chinese from inception to December 2019. Two experienced researchers select the qualified articles from: The Cochrane Library, EBM Reviews, OVID, Web of Science, PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database (CAJD), China Biomedical Literature database (CBM), VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP). Journal Integration Platform and WAN FANG Database. We select the appropriate searching language. The primary outcome was remission rate, and the secondary outcomes include clinical symptoms, clinical examination, adverse event. Data extraction and quality assessment will be conducted by 2 experienced researchers independently. Data analysis and the risk of bias assessment will be determined by RevMan 5.3 software.Results:Based on the current proofs, we will get the exact evidence about the safety and effectiveness of BHT in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis.Conclusion:Our study is the first meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BHT in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis, and it will provide evidence for alternative treatment for the management of chronic pharyngitis.OSF Registration number:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/QNF6X

CHRONIC PHARYNGITIS: ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, TREATMENT. NEW APPROACHES TO THE ESTIMATION OF ETIOPATOGENESIS

The work discusses modern issues of etiopathogenesis, treatment of chronic pharyngitis. The results of the application of a modern method for the diagnosis of mass spectrometry of microbial markers (MSMM), which allows to detect the microorganisms in a biofilm, in a “sleeping state” under the protection of mucin are presented. With the help of this express method, it is possible to conduct a determination of the content in a smear from the pharynx 57 biomarkers of microorganisms at the same time 2 hours after delivery to the laboratory. It was found that 100% of the examined patients with a recurring course of HF (n = 62) increased the total content of microorganisms, which indicates the need for antibacterial therapy; 87% of patients have elevated levels of endotoxin, which is a sign of general intoxication; 71% of patients have reduced plasmalogene content and these patients may be at increased risk for lipid metabolic disturbances; in 100% of the examined patients with frequent exacerbations of CP in the pharynx the nasopharyngeal microflora (coccal) is determined, as well as new etiopathogenetically significant microorganisms (not detected by PCR and cultures), among which there are 7 transient microorganisms (normally in the orifice their level = 0), 11 resident (6- found in the throat in the norm in the minimum level and 5 in the high content). Also, with the help of MSMM, a significant or moderate increase in the content of herpes, cytomegalovirus was detected in the majority (75%) of patients, which indicates the important role of the viruses of the herpes group in the etiopathogenesis in the recurrent course of CP; level of Candida spp. elevated in half of patients; the content of normal microflora is increased in 71% of patients, which indicates the preservation of local resistance in patients with chronic HF, examined by the authors. Thus, the use of MSMM for chronic fever allows to identify new etiopathogenetic microorganisms, on this basis to prescribe a more effective therapy. Thus? it is possible to carry out personified, more effective treatment.

The study of the efficacy and safety of Tonsilgon® N in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis is one of the most common diseases in ENT practice. [1] Experts have not yet come to a consensus on how to treat chronic pharyngitis. The search for combination drugs which are effective in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis is determined, first, by an attempt to prevent polypharmacy and complications caused by treatment, and, second, by the problem of antibiotic resistance. The role of medications with combined action, including the immunomodulating effect, cannot be overestimated. One of the most commonly used drugs today is Tonsilgon® N (Bionorica SE, Germany). [2]

Pilot study on the effects of high molecular weight sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis.

Although several therapeutic approaches are available at present for the treatment of chronic pharyngitis, new therapeutic strategies acting on pharyngeal mucous function should be investigated in order to improve symptoms and quality of life. High-molecular weight hyaluronate performs important functions on mucociliary clearance, tissues hydration, defense against micro-organisms, and on tissue repair as well, but at present there is no clinical evidence of its exogenous use in patients with chronic pharyngitis. Our open, randomized controlled study was carried out to investigate efficacy, and tolerability of exogenous high molecular weight sodium hyaluronate (SH) at the dosage of 9 mg three times a day for a period of 30 days, in patients with chronic pharyngitis. Results show significant improvements of symptoms and cytology in active group (A, n = 10) vs. control group (B, n = 10). Good compliance and no adverse events were reported in group A. In conclusion, SH was effective and safe in patients with chronic pharyngitis.

Experimental research of Haizao-Xiangsheng mixture in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis

Objective To observe the effect of Haizao-Xiangsheng mixture on signs and symptoms, blood index and tissue pathology of rabbit models with chronic pharyngitis. Methods 60 Japanese white rabbits by random grouping method were divided into normal control group, model group, positive control group and Haizao- Xiangsheng mixture with high, medium and low dose group, with 10 rats in each group. Except the normal control group, rabbits in other groups were performed spraying ammonia in pharyngeal portion and submucosal injection of turpentine oil preparation to create chronic pharyngitis models. The Haizao-Xiangsheng mixture, high, medium and low dose group were treated with Haizao-Xiangsheng mixture of 42, 21, 10.5 g/kg, the positive control group was treated with watermelon frost Runhou tablet suspension 5.04 g/kg, the normal control group and model group were treated with the same volume of saline. Animal signs and symptoms were recorded daily (including general conditions and temperature). After continuous administration of 7 days, red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), percentage of neutrophils (N%), the percentage of mononuclear cells (M%) and percentage of lymphocytes (L%) were detected to observe the histological change of pharyngeal mucosa and lower tissue pathology. Results After administration, compared with the model group, high dose group of Haizao-Xiangsheng mixture rabbit body temperature dropped (38.90 ± 0.21 ℃ vs. 39.23 ± 0.39 ℃, P< 0.05), WBC (10.1 ×1012/L ± 1.73 ×1012/L vs. 13.1 ×1012/L ± 1.69 ×1012/L) decreased, and RBC increased (5.73 ×109/L ± 0.59 ×109/L vs. 5.19 ×109/L ± 0.43 ×109/L, P<0.01). Conclusions Haizao-Xiangsheng mixture can improve signs and symptoms, hematology indexes and histopathological changes of the experimental rabbit models of chronic pharyngitis. Key words: Haizao-Xiangsheng mixture; Chronic pharyngitis; Signs and symptoms; Blood examination

The Clinical Observation on the Treatment of Chronic Pharyngitis with Point Application of Chinese Medicinal Bread

Objective To explore the clinical effects of treating chronic pharyngitis with point application of Chinese medicinal bread.. Methods Retrospective analysis was adopted in the study. All patients were divided into a point application group (212 cases)and a dissolved medicine group (174 cases). The point application group was treated with point application of Chinese medicinal bread on Tiantu point for successive 4 therapeutic courses (one therapeutic course constitutes 10 days), while the dissolved medicine group was taken pharyngitis dissolved medicines orally for successive 6 therapeutic courses (one course constitutes 6 days). Results The total therapeutic effect of the point application group and the dissolved medicine group was 99.06% and 93.68% respectively. The difference between the two groups has statistical significance. Conclusion Point application of Chinese medicinal bread on Tiantu point is effective in treating chronic pharyngitis. Key words: Chinese medicinal bread; Point application; Chronic pharyngitis

Treatment of Chronic Pharyngitis

Treatment of Chronic Pharyngitis

Treatment of Chronic Pharyngitis

Treatment of Chronic Pharyngitis