Treatment Of Acute Respiratory Viral Infections Research Articles

Пожилой больной с острой респираторной вирусной инфекцией

The acute respiratory viral infections (ArVIs) continue to be uncontrollable infections due to high transmissibility, broad spectrum of causative agents, the lack of effective antiviral drugs and vaccination against the majority of these agents (except for influenza virus). Furthermore, the issue of ArVI is of particular importance for elderly people taking into account the frequently occurring decompensation of pre-existing comorbidities due to ArVI that obscures ArVI and affects the course and outcome of the disease. The paper reports data on epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of ArVI in elderly and senile patients.

Place of Immunostimulating Drugs in the Treatment of Respiratory Infections

Every year, influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Most people infected with respiratory viruses have an asymptomatic and uncomplicated course of the disease. ARVI is the most common infectious disease affecting all age groups. Among the causes of temporary loss of working capacity, they occupy the first place – even in the inter-epidemic period, 1/6 of the planet’s population is sick because of them. The objective: to analyse the efficacy of immunostimulating agent in treatment of ARVI on outpatient level. Materials and methods. 322 patients from 18 to 65 years old with symptoms of acute respiratory disease participated in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: 250 people who received symptomatic treatment were included in the control group, 72 patients who received symptomatic treatment and immunostimulating drug – in the experimental group. Results. The study showed that in the experimental group the average time for temperature normalization was 5.0 days, while in the control group it was 7.47 days (p<0.05); disappearance of headache occurs in 5.57 and 7.4 days respectively (p<0.05), disappearance of muscle pain – in 5.0 and 7.4 days (p<0.05). Conclusions. Non-specific drugs with wide spectrum of action are increasingly used in treatment of acute viral respiratory diseases, in particular, – remedies for stimulation of the immune response in the early stages of the disease, which can significantly shorten the period of fever and improve the general patients wellbeing. Timely treatment with immunostimulants can alleviate the severity and duration of clinical symptoms, help to avoid hospitalization and development of complications, reduce the burden on the outpatient department and use of antibiotics.

Профилактика и лечение острой респираторной вирусной инфекции у пациентов с впервые выявленным туберкулезом легких

A tuberculosis patient with bacterial discharge requires a long-term inpatient treatment. During this time he/she may have several episodes of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI). It is of scientific and practical interest to develop approaches to the treatment and prevention of ARVI in patients with first-time tuberculosis (TB). Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of the recombinant interferon-based medication Grippferon® with loratadine (nasal ointment) for prevention and treatment of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in patients with first-time tuberculosis. Patients and methods: A comparative, prospective, open study was conducted which included two stages. During the first stage two groups of patients with the first-time tuberculosis were compared: 25 patients in each group. Main group patients received the medication Grippferon® with loratadine for the treatment of ARVI. The second stage included two groups of patients with first-time tuberculosis: 100 patients in each group. Main group patients received the medication Grippferon® with loratadine for the prevention of ARVI. Results and conclusion: Based on our study results, we can conclude that the use of the medication Grippferon® with loratadine in the complex treatment of ARVI improved the therapy efficacy, reduced the severity and duration of the respiratory disease symptoms, while maintaining normal quality of life. We observed that main group patients, who received Grippferon® with loratadine for the ARVI prevention (seven days course), were less likely to develop ARVI, than control group ones (12% vs. 35%; χ2 = 9.19, p = 0.002), and the disease itself was shorter and milder. Keywords: ARVI, treatment, prevention, Grippferon with loratadine, patients with first-time tuberculosis

ОРВИ и беременность: возможности профилактики

This paper addresses the main issues related to the incidence of Acute Respiratory Viral Infections (ARVI), including influenza and COVID-19, in pregnant women, the impact of these infections on the pregnancy course, fetal and newborn health. Risk factors for ARVI complications have been determined, taking into account the pregnancy term, the woman’s age and concomitant somatic diseases. A special attention was given to the specific (vaccination) and nonspecific ARVI prevention (the use of recombinant interferon alpha-2b, the medicine Grippferon) during the pregnancy preparation stage not only for the expectant mother, but also for all her family members. The results of the effective use of the interferon-based medicine Grippferon for the prevention and treatment of ARVI during pregnancy are provided. This medicine helps to reduce the frequency of ARVI-related pregnancy complications and perinatal pathology. Keywords: acute respiratory viral infections, pathogens, pregnancy, risk factors, prevention, interferon-based medicines, Grippferon

The current course of acute respiratory infections and the possibility of pathogenetic therapy.

Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) are leading in the structure of the general morbidity of the population. To date, more than 200 viruses that affect the respiratory tract and ENT organs are known [1]. The reservoir of ARVI pathogens is only human, the highest incidence is observed in the cold season [8]. It is also possible to infect several ARVI pathogens together, which is accompanied by a severe course of the disease and the addition of bacterial complications [6, 7]. To date, prevention and treatment of ARVI, both in adults and children, is one of the important tasks facing the medical community [1, 2]. The etiotropic therapy of most ARVI has not been developed, and the use of interferon preparations and interferon synthesis inducers has not proved their clinical efficacy [11]. As an alternative, bioregulatory agents that have proven their safety and clinical efficacy can be used [12]. The article presents numerous studies of clinical efficacy and safety of the bioregulatory drug Engystol in different age groups.

Assessment of the Costs Associated with Outpatient and Inpatient Treatment of ARVI and Influenza and its Complications

In this paper the authors are presenting the analysis of an economic burden caused by influenza and acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI). This is the first study of its kind in the Kyrgyz Republic. The goal of the study was to calculate the economic burden caused by the flu and ARVI morbidity in the Republic. The study was done during 2013 - 2014 on the basis of two hospitals among inpatients and in the basis of a policlinic in the city of Bishkek among outpatients. We found that the cost of one case of flu or ARVI was 4771.41 kyrgyz som (USD 97.79). In the overall structure, the cost of medical expenses was lower than the cost of non-medical expenses (41.3 compared to 58.7%). Results of this study allowed for the first time in Kyrgyzstan to calculate the total cost for treatment of ARVI and influenza in the country. For the year 2013 they amounted to 636 516 889.2 kyrgyz som or USD 13,835,558.85. Results of the study allowed determining the factors that influence the costs that medical institutions and patients face, as well as come up with recommendations on the need for preventive vaccination against influenza.