Treatment Of Asthma In Children Research Articles

Aллерген-специфическая иммунотерапия в лечении бронхиальной астмы у детей

В структуре аллергической патологии ведущее место занимает бронхиальная астма, которая, согласно последним данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения, диагностируется у 235–300 миллионов жителей планеты и относится к тем заболеваниям, которые существенно снижают качество жизни пациентов. У детей бронхиальная астма остается одним из самых распространенных заболеваний респираторной системы, которые ассоциируются с риском инвалидизации и смертности. На основании адаптации международных клинических рекомендаций, отечественного опыта рабочая группа ежегодно обновляет подходы к лечению бронхиальной астмы у детей. В настоящее время доказано, что фармакотерапия астмы может эффективно контролировать ее симптомы и влиять на воспалительный процесс. Однако она не может влиять на специфический иммунный ответ и в случае прекращения приема лекарств симптомы болезни могут возвращаться. Единственным методом лечения, способным повлиять на естественный ход аллергии, является аллерген-специфическая иммунотерапия, которая позволяет уменьшить чувствительность организма ребенка к «виновному» аллергену и снизить активность хронического воспаления. Аллерген-специфическую иммунотерапию проводят с применением очищенных водно-солевых экстрактов аллергенов или выделенных из них отдельных аллергенных компонентов. Этот метод лечения обычно предусматривает подкожное или сублингвальное введение постепенно растущих количеств «виновных» аллергенов до достижения дозы, которая является эффективной в индукции иммунологической толерантности к аллергенам. Доказательная база эффективности применения аллерген-специ­фической иммунотерапии в лечении бронхиальной астмы в течение последних лет существенно расширилась. Полученные на сегодняшний день данные доказали, что проведение такого лечения позволяет изменить состав представительства цитокиновых маркеров, снизить чувствительность респираторного канала к экспозиции аллергена, предупредить расширение спектра причинно-значимых аллергенов, замедлить ход аллергического процесса, уменьшить потребность в лекарственных препаратах. Более того, сегодня можно утверждать, что по завершении успешных курсов аллерген-специфической иммунотерапии в течение длительного времени сохраняется ремиссия бронхиальной астмы. Таким образом, уникальное терапевтическое действие аллерген-специфической иммунотерапии диктует потребность ее широкого применения в лечении бронхиальной астмы у детей. Для поиска источников литературы изучались базы данных: Medline, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Scopus.

Review of and Reflections on the Current Status of Childhood Asthma Diagnosis and Treatment in China

Over the last decades, the overall prevalence of childhood asthma in China has been on the rise, and the level of diagnosis and treatment of asthma has also shown significant improvement. However, the overall control of childhood asthma in China has not yet reached the ideal level. The main causes are as follows: due to high social pressure and other factors, the accurate diagnosis of childhood asthma by clinicians is still insufficient; clinicians do not have sufficient understanding of environmental pollution and other controllable factors that may affect the rising prevalence of childhood asthma and poor asthma control; the standardization of clinical asthma treatment needs to be further improved. Clinicians should improve their understanding of childhood asthma, formulate therapeutic regimes based on the guidelines, and constantly improve the management of childhood asthma.

Assessment of Quality of Life in Childhood Asthma

Context: Childhood asthma is common and affects quality of life (QOL). Aim: The aim is to compare the QOL using pediatric asthma QOL questionnaire with standardized activities (PAQLQ [S]) before and after 4 weeks of standard asthma treatment in children with asthma. Settings and Design: This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of pediatrics at a tertiary care center in North India from January 2019 to December 2019. Subjects and Methods: Children aged 7–17 years with asthma were subjected to PAQLQ (S) before and after 4 weeks of standard asthma treatment. Subgroup analysis was done as per severity of asthma at presentation and control of asthma after 4 weeks' treatment. Statistical Analysis Used: The results were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: One hundred asthmatic children (mean age10.94 ± 1.9, M:F = 64:36) were evaluated. All 3 domains (activity limitation, symptoms, and emotion) of QOL affected equally and all domains had shown significant improvement after 4 weeks of standard asthma treatment. Children with severe asthma had activity limitation (P = 0.073) and no improvement in emotional score (P = 0.057). Children with uncontrolled asthma showed deterioration in QOL (P = 0.50). There was no difference in QOL among urban and rural residing children, family history of asthma/allergy, and socioeconomic status of parents (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Strategic asthma management in children improved symptoms, activity limitations, and emotional domains of QOL while, children with uncontrolled asthma showed deterioration in QOL.

Nebulization Practice and use of Antibiotic in the Treatment of Childhood Asthma at the Rural Area

Background : Management of childhood asthma is not optimum in our country especially at the community level.
 Objectives : The study was conducted to see the nebulization practice in the management of moderate and sever acute asthma in children at the community level.
 Methodology : This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in different private clinics and pharmacy of Daudkandi Upazila of Cumilla during the period of November 2017 to March 2018. Total 30 doctors’ diagnosed cases of acute exacerbation of moderate and severe asthma between 2-15 years of age were included in this study. Each patient’s treatment advice was followed up to see whether the use of nebulized Salbutamol and Antibiotic in the management of acute asthma was appropriate or not. All data were recorded in to a pretested proforma. Data were analyzed manually, and values were expressed as frequency and percentage.
 Results : Among the cases 25 (83.33%) cases had moderate and 5 (16.67%) cases had severe exacerbation of asthma. For nebulization, salbutamol was used to all cases and ipratropium bromide was added to 11 (36.7%) cases. Nebulization frequency was as per national guideline but the ratio of salbutamol respiratory solution to normal saline was not appropriate in most of the cases. Antibiotic was given to all cases and among them parenteral Ceftriaxone was given to 22 (73.3%) cases.
 Conclusion : Frequency of nebulization was appropriate but ratio of Salbutamol respiratory solution to normal saline was inappropriate. Antibiotic was given to all cases.
 Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.11 (2) Jan 2020: 471-474

ASTIM VE ASTIM ATAĞINDA ÇOCUK SAĞLIĞI VE HASTALIKLARI HEKİMLERİNİN BİLGİ DÜZEYİ

Introduction and Objective: Asthma is one of the most common acute and chronic conditions in children. It has several characteristic features including wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. It is essential to educate general pediatricians about childhood asthma and its treatment to standardize care. The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge and practice of pediatricians about childhood asthma and its treatment. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 157 pediatricians (64.3% woman, mean age 30.5 ± 5.3 ) were enrolled. A questionnaire of 45 questions about asthma and asthma attack were applied to the pediatricians. Results: Although the knowledge level of specialist physicians was higher than the physician assistants, this difference was not statistically significant (p> 0.05) except specialist pyhsicans gave statistically more correct answers to acute asthma management question than assitants (p<0.05) Seventy nine percent of the pediatricians (n: 124) were physician assistants and 21% (n=33) were specialists. The scores and frequencies obtained from the correct answers were similar in terms of gender, time worked as a pediatrician (<10 years / > 10 years) and being a specialist or assistant pediatricians. Conclusion: Although there were some discrepancies between guidelines and clinical practice, most of the assistant or specialist pediatricians participating in the study had sufficient knowledge in the treatment of childhood asthma and asthma attacks. Gender, time worked as a pediatrician, and being a specialist or assistant pediatrician had no effect on knowledge level of asthma and asthma attack. It is believed that the requirements of postgraduate education to provide children more standardized treatment.

Childhood asthma – how to recognize and treat?

Asthma in children up to 5 years of age is a disease that is diagnosed on the basis of the clinical symptoms of bronchial obstruction, such as: wheezing, cough and shortness of breath of variable intensity and duration, clinically proven reversibility of obstruction and clinical improvement after chronic use of inhaled glucocorticosteroids and lack of grounds for suspecting causes of obstruction other than asthma. Treatment of childhood asthma is a graded therapy with a range of intensity to control the course of the disease and the main form of treatment is inhalation therapy. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to continue treatment in accordance with the previously adopted principles, including the use of inhaled glucocorticosteroids.

Development of Oral Chewable Tablets Containing Montelukast Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Childhood Asthma: Preclinical Study in Animal Model

The aim of the present study was to formulate oral chewable tablets of Montelukast (MTL) in the form of nanoparticles (NP’s). The MTL loaded NP’s were formulated by ionotropic external gelation method using tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinking agent and Tween 60 as surfactant. NP’s were characterized for drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, surface morphology, saturation solubility, particle size, zeta potential and polydispersity index. The optimized NP formulation was used for development of chewable tablets using direct compression method. The prepared tablets were characterized for disintegration test, dissolution, thickness, hardness, friability and assay. The optimized formulation was evaluated in asthamatic animals to demonstrate the efficiency in asthama. The encapsulation efficiency of NP’s was found between 91.24 to 98.21% while drug loading was in the range of 10.09–14.25%. All formulations were found of nanosized in nature (110 to 200 nm) with excellent zeta potential (20.12 to 22.27 mV). PDI of all NP formulations were found within acceptable limit (less than 0.3). The nanoparticles were found spherical in shape with smooth surface. The saturation solubility of MTL was enhanced nearly 10 times (92 mg/ml) as compared to pure MTL saturation solubility. All physical parameters of the tablets were found within range. The optimized tablets showed disintegration time of 20 sec while other formulations showed DT in the rage of 35–57 sec. Tab1 (Optimized formulation) showed almost 100% MTL release from chewable tablets within the period of 30 min. Reduction in lung resistance (RI) was found in animals treated with Tab1. This reduction in RI was found nearly two fold and three fold as compare to MTL treated and control group animals. These observations clearly support the efficacy of chewable tablets containing nanoparticulate MTL in asthmatic animals.

Tiotropium: efficacy and safety in pediatric bronchial asthma

Bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic lung diseases observed in children. According to the international and Russian guidelines, the long-term objectives of asthma treatment in children and adolescents are to achieve good symptom control, minimize the risk of asthma exacerbations, reduce hospital admissions, decrease the use of short-acting bronchodilators, reduce restrictions in the airflow and side effects, and ensure that normal activity levels are maintained. The asthma treatment is based on the use of inhaled corticosteroids as a backbone therapy and addition of adjunctive therapy if the disease control is poor or worsening. Tiotropium bromide is the first anticholinergic drug that has been approved for children and adults with poorly controlled asthma and is currently used as a treatment option for moderate to severe bronchial asthma. Randomized clinical trials in children and adolescents with persistent bronchial asthma showed high efficacy and safety of tiotropium. The addition of tiotropium in the form of 2 inhalations of 2.5 μg once a day to the bronchial asthma therapy in children over 6 years old, including medium doses of inhaled corticosteroids, is a preferred and safe option to increase the therapy coverage compared to an increase of a dose of inhaled corticosteroids to high levels, regardless of the disease phenotype (In atopic, non-atopic bronchial asthma, bronchial asthma with obesity, etc.). Tiotropium adjunctive therapy may also be a therapeutic option for children using inhaled corticosteroids, who have asthma that does not respond well to long-acting β2-agonist therapy, or for those, who are worried about the safety of long-acting β2-agonists.

A comparison of efficacy and safety of complementary and alternative therapies for children with asthma: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis.

Background:Bronchial Asthma is a chronic, hyperreactive inflammation of the airway that involves a variety of inflammatory cells. Due to the persistence of airway hyperresponsiveness, lung function is progressively damaged, making asthma more stubborn and difficult to heal. In recent years, the prevalence of childhood asthma is still on an increasing trend. Repeated asthma attacks not only affect children's life and learning, but also bring greater economic and mental burden to children's families, and even threaten children's lives. Traditional treatment methods such as oral western medicine, atomization therapy has obvious limitations, and the complementary and alternative therapy is an effective method to treat asthma in children. This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of various complementary and alternative therapies for children with asthma by means of mesh meta-analysis. In order to provide the basis for clinical rational use.Methods:Use the computer to search the self-built database until January 2021, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Cochrance Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, Clinical Trials and other electronic databases to collect RCT studies on complementary and alternative therapies for for children with asthma. We will screen the relevant literature included in the systematic review/meta analysis. At the same time, Revman 5.3 software will be used for meta-analysis, and grade will be used to grade the quality of evidence in the network meta-analysis.Results:This study will compare the efficacy and safety of different complementary and alternative therapies to treat childhood asthma, and evaluate and rank different interventions.Conclusion:The combined use of complementary and alternative therapies for childhood asthma on the basis of conventional basic treatment can improve clinical efficacy, reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions, improve the quality of life of children, and provide strong support for the rational use of clinicians.INPLASY registration number:INPLASY202120005

Complementary and alternative medicine use in children with asthma

ObjectiveComplementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is increasingly used in the treatment of asthma in children. In the studies conducted, it was stated that there was a standardization problem in CAM methods. Moreover, this situation raises the question of “Which is the most widely used CAM method?” in asthma treatment. This study aimed to determine the use of CAM methods in children who are followed up with the diagnosis of asthma. Material and methodsThe patients aged 4–10 years who were diagnosed with asthma by a physician in the past and who admitted to the Child Health and Diseases Polyclinic of a hospital issuing tertiary health service in Turkey were included in the study. The demographic data of patients and CAM methods used were examined. ResultsThe median age of a total of 164 asthmatic children included in the study was 6.3 (4–10) years, and 58.3% of them were observed to be male. The median time to diagnosis of the patients was 2.0 (1; 105) months, mostly having multiple cough attacks per day (33.1%), and the rate of children with cough attacks at least once a month to awaken from sleep at night was 47.6%. Honey (36.6%) was found to be one of the most preferred biological-based therapies for families and was followed by molasses (16.9%), which were derived from herbal and natural products. ConclusionsThere are varying rates of CAM use in asthmatic children all over the world, and it was found that honey was used the most in our study. Atopy can be found in the etiology of asthmatic patients. Therefore, it should not be forgotten that using different CAM methods at the same time may pose a risk.

Ophiopogonin D Represses Transforming Growth Factor-β1-Induced Proliferation and Inflammation of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells by Inhibiting P65/Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate-Activated Protein/Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Signaling Pathway

Asthma, a common disease in children, is associated with proliferation and inflammation of airway smooth muscle cells. Ophiopogonin D is a bioactive steroid glycoside derived from the Japanese japonica rice root that has been shown to exhibit multiple biological activities through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Herein, we report that ophiopogonin D inhibits TGF-β1-induced proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells through suppression of p65/AMPK/NF-κB pathway. We therefore conclude that ophiopogonin D is a promising candidate therapeutic drug for childhood asthma treatment.

Combination of ipratropium bromide and salbutamol in children and adolescents with asthma: A meta-analysis.

BackgroundA combination of ipratropium bromide (IB) and salbutamol is commonly used to treat asthma in children and adolescents; however, there has been a lack of consistency in its usage in clinical practice.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of IB + salbutamol in the treatment of asthma in children and adolescents.MethodsThe MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library as well as other Chinese biomedical databases (including China Biological Medicine Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing VIP, and Wanfang Chinese language bibliographic database) were systematically searched from the earliest record date to September 2020 for randomized controlled trials in children and adolescents (≤18 years) with asthma who received IB + salbutamol or salbutamol alone. The primary outcomes included hospital admission and adverse events. A random effects model with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used. Subgroup analysis was performed according to age, severity of asthma, and co-interventions with other asthma controllers. This study was registered with PROSPERO.ResultsOf the 1061 studies that were identified, 55 met the inclusion criteria and involved 6396 participants. IB + salbutamol significantly reduced the risk of hospital admission compared with salbutamol alone (risk ratio [RR] 0.79; 95% CI 0.66–0.95; p = 0.01; I2 = 40%). Subgroup analysis only showed significant difference in the risk of hospital admission in participants with severe asthma exacerbation (RR 0.73; 95% CI 0.60–0.88; p = 0.0009; I2 = 4%) and moderate-to-severe exacerbation (RR 0.69; 95% CI 0.50–0.96; p = 0.03; I2 = 3%). There were no significant differences in the risk of adverse events between IB + salbutamol group and salbutamol alone group (RR 1.77; 95% CI 0.63–4.98).ConclusionIB + salbutamol may be more effective than salbutamol alone for the treatment of asthma in children and adolescents, especially in those with severe and moderate to severe asthma exacerbation. The very low to high quality of evidence indicated that future well-designed double-blind RCTs with large sample are needed for research on evaluating the effectiveness of IB + salbutamol treatment for asthma in children and adolescents.

Vitamin-D supplementation as an adjunct to standard treatment of asthma in children: A randomized controlled trial (ViDASTA Trial).

To determine the role of vitamin D supplementation as an adjunct to standard treatment in childhood asthma. In this placebo-controlled, blinded, randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 60 children aged 6 to 11 years with moderate persistent asthma and randomly assigned them into intervention (2000 IU per day of vitamin D) and placebo groups (n = 30 each). The primary outcome was asthma control as assessed by the childhood asthma control test (C-ACT) scores at 12 weeks post-randomization. The secondary outcomes were improvement in the forced expiration in 1 s (FEV1 ), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), asthma exacerbations, use of systemic steroids, number of emergency visits, post-intervention vitamin D levels, and adverse outcomes. We analyzed by intention to treat. There was no significant difference between the C-ACT score in the two groups (median [first-third quartile] scores were 25 [24-26] in both groups, p = 0.7). Also, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the FEV1 , FeNO, number of exacerbations, emergency visits, hospital admissions, and adverse outcomes. However, the post-intervention vitamin D levels (ng/ml) were significantly higher in the intervention group (35.5 vs. 18.8; p < 0.001). As compared to the baseline, both the groups showed better asthma control at 12 weeks post-intervention, irrespective of the type of intervention. Vitamin-D supplementation as an adjunct to standard treatment does not improve asthma control in children.

Detection of Budesonide and Other Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Based on Biological Nano Sensing Technology in the Treatment of Childhood Asthma.

Biological nano sensing technology is a new high-tech which is a cross fusion of biology, chemistry, physics, electronics and many other fields. Biological nano sensing technology mainly uses the unique chemical properties and corresponding physical properties of biomolecules at nanometer level to detect, which greatly improves the sensitivity and flexibility of detection. The micro effect, quantum effect and corresponding macro quantum tunneling effect of nano molecules make their corresponding nano biosensors have extremely high detection performance. In this paper, the antiinflammatory drugs such as budesonide, which are used to treat children's asthma, will be measured by the biological nano sensor based on the new nano materials. The treatment of children after the inhalation of budesonide and other drugs will be measured by the biological nano sensor technology. Finally, a new research idea will be provided for the research of children's asthma pathology and related fields. In this paper, in the actual preparation of nano sensors, we mainly use functionalized carbon nanotubes to prepare sensors. The main advantage is that the price is low and easy to market and experiment promotion.

Challenges in diagnosis and treatment of childhood respiratory tract infectious diseases and asthma

Challenges in diagnosis and treatment of childhood respiratory tract infectious diseases and asthma

Eficácia do uso do sulfato de magnésio intravenoso no tratamento da asma aguda em crianças e adolescentes: uma revisão integrativa

The objective of this study was to analyze the main effects of intravenous magnesium sulfate for the treatment of severe acute asthma in children and adolescents. An integrative review was carried out using the descriptors “magnesium sulfate”, “severe asthma”, “children”, and “adolescents” in English, Portuguese, and Spanish. The inclusion criteria were full articles that portrayed the topic of intravenos use of magnesium sulphate in the treatment of severe acute asthma in children and adolescents, published between 2010 and 2018. The study was completed with 6 articles and the main effects observed were efficacy and decrease in the hospitalization rate of the pediatric patients, causing greater benefit to the patients studied in the last 7 years.

The significance of the distribution of the indicators of humoral and cell immunity and their role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma in children with the position of system analysis

Bronchial asthma is one of the common diseases in children of different ages. In recent years, around the world, including in Ukraine, there is a trend towards its sustainable growth. To date, there are no methods of systemic immunodiagnostics that would allow with high diagnostic accuracy to identify clinical forms and severity of asthma, which would allow more fully reveal the pathogenetic mechanisms and individualize approaches to the treatment of asthma in children. The aim of this work was to study the hierarchy of immunological parameters in the pathogenetic matrix, which will determine the features of clinical forms and severity of asthma in children on the basis of systematic analysis. A comprehensive clinical and immunological examination of 176 children with asthma aged 6 to 15 years. To detect the autoimmune component used lipopolysaccharide antigens obtained from homologous cell-tissue structures of the trachea, bronchi and lung tissue from sectional samples of the bronchopulmonary system from accidentally killed children with group I (0) blood 2–4 hours after death. The level of autoantibodies to lipopolysaccharide antigens of the bronchopulmonary system was determined by quantifying the autoantibody index – Qφ. As a result of the study for the first time to improve the diagnosis and differentiation of clinical forms and severity of asthma from the standpoint of system analysis was developed immunodiagnostic complex, which took into account the degree of deviation from the norm values (Student's t-test, t = 1.96) and their distribution in pathogenetic matrix. This approach to ranking the positions of immunological parameters allowed to determine the features of humoral and cellular immunity, the process of apoptosis of cell-tissue structures of the bronchopulmonary system and the autoimmune component in the pathogenesis of asthma in children, which opens approaches to individualization of pathogenetic therapy.

Prospects for the correction of intestinal microbiota in the prevention and treatment of asthma in children

The issues of therapy and prevention of asthma in children do not lose their relevance. The increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases and asthma is associated, among other things, with a relative deficit in the microbial load and changes in the microbiota due to improved hygiene and living conditions. The microbiota plays an important role in the formation and functioning of the immune system. Contact with microorganisms contributes to the normal maturation of T-regulatory cells, preventing an inadequate immune response in both the Th1- and Th2-pathways. Aim - literature review on the possibilities of gut microbiota correction for prevention and treatment of asthma in children. Results. In children with an increased risk of asthma, abnormalities in the intestinal microbiota are observed in the first year of life: there is a relative deficiency of Lachnospira, Veillonella, Faecalibacterium and Rothia. The imbalance of the intestinal microbiota is accompanied by a decrease in the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids (butyrate, acetate, propionate), which, among other things, play the role of signaling molecules. Gut microbiota maturation is delayed in children at risk of asthma. It is not clear whether the diversity of the gut microbiota is associated with the risk of developing asthma. Maintenance of normal gut microbiota or correction of its disturbances in early life is a possible approach to the prevention and treatment of asthma. Breastfeeding, vaginal delivery, constant contact with farm animals or dogs since an early age, limiting antibiotic use in the first year of life, a varied diet with the inclusion of fiber-rich foods, and the use of pre- and probiotics can help. However, the implementation of these recommendations in practice is difficult. Further research is required to identify specific prophylactic stimuli reproducible in the urban environment. The conflicting results of studies in this area, in particular, the effectiveness of probiotics in the prevention of asthma, require large-scale prospective cohort studies with a long follow-up period and careful selection of probiotic strains and their combinations. Now, there are no definitive recommendations on the use of probiotics for the prevention of allergic diseases. Conclusion. The possibilities of correcting the gut microbiota for the prevention and treatment of asthma are actively studied, but at present, there are many contradictions and unresolved issues.

布地奈德联合不同药物治疗儿童哮喘疗效分析

布地奈德联合不同药物治疗儿童哮喘疗效分析

Differentially expressed serum proteins in children with or without asthma as determined using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation proteomics.

BackgroundAlthough asthma is one of the most common chronic, noncommunicable diseases worldwide, the pathogenesis of childhood asthma is not yet clear. Genetic factors and environmental factors may lead to airway immune-inflammation responses and an imbalance of airway nerve regulation. The aim of the present study was to determine which serum proteins are differentially expressed between children with or without asthma and to ascertain the potential roles that these differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) may play in the pathogenesis of childhood asthma.MethodsSerum samples derived from four children with asthma and four children without asthma were collected. The DEPs were identified by using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses. Using biological information technology, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Cluster of Orthologous Groups of Proteins (COG) databases and analyses, we determined the biological processes associated with these DEPs. Key protein glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was verified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsWe found 46 DEPs in serum samples of children with asthma vs. children without asthma. Among these DEPs, 12 proteins were significantly (>1.5 fold change) upregulated and 34 proteins were downregulated. The results of GO analyses showed that the DEPs were mainly involved in binding, the immune system, or responding to stimuli or were part of a cellular anatomical entity. In the KEGG signaling pathway analysis, most of the downregulated DEPs were associated with cardiomyopathy, phagosomes, viral infections, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. The results of a COG analysis showed that the DEPs were primarily involved in signal transduction mechanisms and posttranslational modifications. These DEPs were associated with and may play important roles in the immune response, the inflammatory response, extracellular matrix degradation, and the nervous system. The downregulated of G6PD in the asthma group was confirmed using ELISA experiment.ConclusionAfter bioinformatics analyses, we found numerous DEPs that may play important roles in the pathogenesis of childhood asthma. Those proteins may be novel biomarkers of childhood asthma and may provide new clues for the early clinical diagnosis and treatment of childhood asthma.