Treasure Hunting Research Articles

Unlocking the motivations behind vintage luxury desire

Purpose Despite the growing popularity of SHVL fashion, there is little empirical focus on the antecedent factors that influence consumers’ intention to purchase and recommend SHVL fashion. Drawing on insights from the stimulus–organism–response framework, this paper aims to investigate the motivational factors influencing the consumers’ attitudes and their intention to purchase and recommend SHVL fashion. Design/methodology/approach Primary data was gathered from 232 present customers of SHVL fashion products and analysed using the partial least square structural equation modelling. Findings Research findings show that eco-consciousness, treasure hunting, status consumption and the need for uniqueness were positively linked to intentions to purchase SHVL fashion through the intervening role of attitude. Attitude was positively linked with purchase intentions, which also positively influenced intention to recommend SHVL fashion. Practical implications The study findings assist brand managers in understanding how they can cater to the diverse needs of SHVL fashion consumers. Originality/value This research contributes significantly to the SHVL domain by examining core antecedents that motivate consumers’ intention to purchase and recommend SHVL fashion.

International Law Challenges for Underwater Cultural Heritage Protection in the South China Sea

The South China Sea is rich in underwater cultural heritage (UCH), which is suffering serious damage owing to illegal salvage by treasure hunters and unregulated excavation by commercial companies. Differences in the domestic laws of the littoral countries in the South China sea, in development policies, as well as the destruction of World War II shipwrecks are challenges to the protection of the UCH in the South China Sea. In order to ensure the proper protection of the UCH in the South China Sea, this study assesses the feasibility of three mainstream options, namely, accession to the Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage (CPUCH) by the littoral states of the South China Sea, the establishment of a regional bilateral or multilateral agreement, and the establishment of a Marine Protected Area (MPA).

Sustainable Fashion Choices: Exploring European Consumer Motivations behind Second-Hand Clothing Purchases

The second-hand clothing (SHC) market has seen dynamic expansion, driven by shifts in consumer attitudes. However, motivations underlying customer engagement in this market remain largely unexplored. Accordingly, this study investigates factors driving consumer sentiment towards buying used clothing. Data were collected in 2023 from a sample of 254 European consumers. The results show that positive attitudes towards SHC are associated with high levels of economic, hedonic (treasure hunting) and ethical motivations, while strong fashion interest and materialism seem to coincide with more negative evaluations of SHC. Interestingly, treasure hunting motivation emerged as the strongest driver of SHC attitudes, surpassing both economic and ethical motivations, which were similar in strength. However, mediation analysis revealed complex interaction patterns among the attitudinal variables, with the potential of reversing the direction of average regression weights for individuals as well as subgroups of customers. This study offers a more nuanced understanding of consumer behavior in the SHC market. It provides practical recommendations for the marketing strategies of SHC vendors, and lays the groundwork for future research in this area.

(Don’t) believe me, I’m telling the truth! Speech disfluency and eye contact as cues to veracity, intention, and truth judgement

ABSTRACT There is no consensus in the literature about the role of speech disfluencies and eye contact as cues to deception. The current study uses a picture-description game (the treasure hunting paradigm) to collect speech and eye contact data of speakers and veracity assessments of listeners engaged in a socially meaningful interaction. The paradigm was implemented so that not only statement veracity (i.e. true or false) could be manipulated, but also speaker’s intention (i.e. wanting or not wanting to be believed) and listener decision (i.e. believing or not believing the speaker). Multivariate Pattern Analysis showed that disfluency patterns could predict intention and decision above chance, but not veracity. Eye contact could predict veracity, intention, and decision above the chance level. Future research should focus more on qualitative features (i.e. when and how), while accounting for speaker intention.

Pirate Imageries and the Law: Utopias, Seven Seas and Sunken Treasures

AbstractFew phenomena in world history have such a vivid imagery in popular culture as piracy. Law is a major element of those images, whether looking through its lens one considers pirates as lawless or, conversely, as free of the shackles of society. This article proposes to investigate the relationship between the two, choosing three eponymous images as the focus of its investigations. Beginning with the study of the ways in which images of piracy were created in popular culture, the author then turns his attention to the question of the ways in which law has framed pirates throughout the ages. Thus, he looks into each of the three pre-selected images: of pirates as symbols of liberty (focusing on the question of pirate’s social organisation and pirate utopias), of pirates as outlaws (focusing on the question of how international law has treated pirates throughout history to the present day) and of pirates as treasure hunters (focusing on the question of legal rights to sunken treasures). In the final part of the article the author ponders the endurance of images of piracy, asking the question as to what this phenomenon reveals about law in particular and society in general.

TREASURE OF THE MELAKA MALAY SULTANATE: ANALYSIS OF HIDDEN TREASURE ON NANGKA ISLAND, MELAKA

The Melaka Sultanate rose to prominence as a dominant maritime power, controlling the vital Strait of Melaka and serving as a pivotal center of trade and commerce. The kingdom's prosperity was fuelled by its strategic location, attracting merchants and traders from distant lands who dealt in coveted commodities like spices, precious metals, and gemstones. Nangka Island played a significant role in this bustling trade network, potentially serving as a repository for the Sultanate's accumulated wealth. Legends and folklore emerged over time, shrouding the island in mystery and sparking intrigue about the hidden treasures of the Melaka Sultanate. The objective of this study is to identify the sources of wealth in Melaka. In addition to examining the treasures left by the Sultanate of Melaka, this study also provides a detailed analysis of the treasure trove left by the Sultanate of Melaka, located on Nangka Island This study employs a qualitative method. The data collection methods for this study are library research and documentation methods. This research also uses the observation method to gather information at the location of Nangka Island. Observations on this island were conducted for two months to obtain detailed information about the island. Meanwhile, data analysis and research information are conducted using descriptive methods. As a result, the island's strategic location near the mainland and other key islands made it an ideal site for various activities, including trade, defense, and religious gatherings. Its association with the Sultanate's riches adds to its allure, drawing interest from historians, treasure hunters, and the general public. Despite centuries having passed since the Melaka Sultanate's heyday, the allure of Nangka Island and its rumored treasures endures, fuelling ongoing exploration efforts and captivating imaginations with the promise of uncovering secrets from one of Southeast Asia's most influential empires.

Whose Soul Is It?—Destinative Magic in East-Central Europe (14th–18th Centuries)

This study explores destinative elements in late medieval and early modern learned magic in East-Central Europe, focusing on names, images, characters, invocations, and addresses facilitating communication with transcendental entities. It contends that a thematic shift occurred in the early modern era, witnessing a decline in destinative talisman texts, replaced by a surge in treasure-hunting manuals. Drawing from legal cases and treasure-hunting manuals, the research aims to categorize the “souls” frequently invoked in these practices. The term “souls” is interpreted as either spirits or the souls of the deceased, reflecting the significant role of the dead in treasure hunting, often conducted in cemeteries. This shift is linked to changes in the sociocultural background of practitioners, marking a transformation in magical practices from destinative talismans to treasure hunting, revealing a nuanced evolution in East-Central European magical traditions.

The pursuit of unattainable goals

Liminality is a sociological construct that describes the process of identity transitions and group assimilations that occurs over time as a function of rites of passages. Liminal Commitment Theory (LCT) represents an extension of an analysis of the psychological factors that motivated people to search over a decade for a bronze treasure chest hidden in the Rocky Mountains. LCT postulates that many seductive factors that motivate treasure hunting generalize to other equally “unattainable” goal pursuits. Unattainability in this theory is defined by the goal’s distal nature and markedly low public or personal estimate of achievability. The aspiration may be viewed as laudable or unsettling, and outcomes can vary from monumental achievements to utter hardship. A central tenet of the theory is that meaningful long-term commitments occur in a stepwise leveling process with transitions through serial impasses into increasingly sophisticated plateaus of competence. LCT examines the psychological needs, traits, and environmental contingencies that compel people to pursue lofty objectives. The Fenn treasure hunt was relied upon to illustrate how LCT principles might account for audacious goal pursuits.

Between Crime and Commemoration: Human–Object Relationships in the Treasure Hunting for World War II Objects

Drawing on the sample of data gathered from Russian treasure hunting forums and from other social media platforms, this paper looks at human-object relationships that exist in the grey area of treasure hunting for World War II objects in Russia. It explores the confluence of criminal or criminalised acts with acts of commemoration as they are mediated through the network of relationships between object and human. As a result, it is possible to argue that objects have certain agentic qualities that affect people in their group and networks of relations. This suggests that further research on objects and their influence is necessary, particularly their role and influence on crime.

Exploration of Film and Television Cultural Communication Strategies in the Digital Era

Abstract Based on the information digital technology and Internet platform of new media, this paper discusses how they accelerate the change of film and television culture communication. This paper first constructed a clustering index system for film and television culture communication, then adopted the improved K-prototype algorithm to determine the clustering center, and calculated the distance between the research data and the initial prototype. Then, the total loss function is used to cluster the data. The Analysis shows that between 2013 and 2023, the box office of movies and TV shows will increase by an average of 616 million yuan per year, and the number of moviegoers will increase by 958 million in 11 years. The study also found that the themes of entertainment (p=0.004<0.05) and traditional culture (p=0.042<0.05) had a significant negative impact on the breadth of communication. In contrast, the themes of treasure hunting and adventure (p=0.006<0.05) significantly negatively affected communication participation. Based on these findings, the paper puts forward suggestions for the future development of film and television culture communication strategies, which provides a valuable reference for the practice and data support of film and television culture communication.

Fortune and glory: motives for modern day treasure hunting in Poland

In 2018, an amendment to the Act on the Protection and Care of Monuments of 2003 was introduced in Poland, aimed at combating the problem of treasure hunting and its impact on national heritage. Despite the consequences, especially a potential penalty of up to eight years in prison, treasure hunting remains an attractive pastime for some. The article aims to find motives of treasure hunters through literature review and studying online forums, including a Facebook groups, to gather information for further action to protect the archaeological heritage. The author identifies seven main motivators of individual treasure hunters, which include: passion for history, adventure seeking, intellectual challenge, collecting, need for fame and recognition, personal satisfaction, and finally financial gain. Each of the above is explained and showed though treasure hunters own public admissions.

Treasure hunting – a hobby or a crime? Legal and criminological perspective

explorers carry out searches illegally. However, enforcement of the rules of criminal liability for illegal searching is ineffective. However, the solutions proposed in the latest amendment will not improve this situation. It is therefore necessary to regulate this issue comprehensively, taking into account the proposals raised in the doctrine.

METAL DETECTOR STUDY

Treasure hunting is one of the things that people have been interested in and engaged in for many years. Because land is a treasure and extremely important for human life. The land provides us with food and nourishment. Without land and water, there would certainly be no life. People and societies have always relied on land. It was like that in the past and it is like that today. The world has been struggling with wars and social problems for many years. In ancient times, metals such as gold were much more valuable and were even used as money at some point. For this reason, ancient peoples, tribes, and states had a lot of physical gold and similar precious metals. During the war, these precious metals were hidden in the ground in response to the risk of theft or loss, and this was symbolized by certain maps and signs. However, it was not always possible to return to the lands abandoned during social unrest and wars. For this reason, the gold remained in the places where it was buried and has somehow survived to this day in existing maps and similar diagrams. For this reason, people today believe that there is gold in the soil and in certain regions, and in this sense they seriously search for treasure. Today is the age of technology. Taking advantage of technology is one of the most important rules of treasure hunting. The most important technological tools in treasure hunting are detectors. So what is detector logic? How does it work and what types of detectors are there? Let's try to explain this in the article.The most commonly used type of detector is metal detectors. The logic of the metal detector is based on the electronic working principle. These types of detectors work according to the logic of receiving and sending electromagnetic waves. These devices send certain electromagnetic waves to the area to be searched and scanned. When it detects a metal object, it generates a current. This generated current affects the coils and some signal changes start to warn. This generated current reaches the speaker through sound systems and warns the person. Briefly speaking, the logic of the detector can be explained as follows. Different types of metal detectors are also used in this field. One of them is Bfo type detectors. It has a search coil and a single coil at the end. If the coil approaches any metal, the frequency changes and is compared with other frequencies. There are two types of detectors: 2 transistors 1 integrated and 7 transistors. The first has two coils at the search end. And this type of detector is sensitive to the signal. One of the coils is receiving and the other is transmitting. Here again, the collected frequencies reach the coils and the sound is transmitted to the speaker as current. The user receives alerts and directs his work here. Another has a working system that is sensitive to the signal phase. Another different type of detector is the detector based on the pulse system. The logic of the detector in this system is slightly different. There is only one coil in the search coil. A high current pulse is supplied to this coil for a short period of time. This creates a high magnetic field around. After finishing the conversion, it scans the surroundings and sends a signal if it detects something. If there is metal, it makes a loud sound and in this way the seeker works in a certain direction. Keywords: Working principle of metal detector, types of metal detector, IB induction balance detector, PI shock induction detector.

Did White Swallowwort (Vincetoxicum hirundinaria) Exist or Did It not During the Organic Regulations Regime? Notes on some Previously Unknown Documents from Wallachia

The present text is a small commentary on a classic case of cultural conflict that occurred in Wallachia in 1835 under the Organic Regulations regime. Starting from the discovery of some unknown documents in the archives of Romanați county, relating to the public proclamation of the non-existence of the plant iarba fiarelor (white swallowwort), which was made use of by treasure hunters at the time, we have tried to establish what was at stake in this conflict. Popular culture suddenly became a threat to the authorities of a modern state that was operating a real process of socio-cultural dressage in that period, a move that inevitably brought it into a precisely datable conflict with those who still remained faithful to a folklore culture. One of those happy cases in which history comes to the aid of ethnology.

The medicinal plants utilized by Butuanon in Butuan City, Philippines

The Butuanon is one of the ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines. The artefacts discovered by the locals and treasure hunters in Butuan City demonstrated that Butuanon is rich in history, culture, and tradition. However, they need more records of their traditional healthcare knowledge and practices. Therefore, this study documented Butuanon’s traditional knowledge and practices for managing illnesses and diseases using medicinal plants. Thirteen key informants were identified and interviewed through the snowball technique after obtaining their consent. The informants used a total of 132 plant species, which correspond to 116 genera and 57 families. The highest-represented family was Fabaceae, followed by Lamiaceae, with 11 and nine species, respectively. Many of the documented plants were herbaceous (37%), followed by trees (29%), shrubs (23%), and vines (11%). The informants commonly used leaves (43%), followed by roots (15%), bark (12%), fruit (7%), and flowers (5%). These plant species treated 93 different illnesses and diseases, of which fever had the highest number of plants used (18%), followed by diabetes (17%), urinary tract infection (16%), cough (15%), hypertension (14%), diarrhoea (11%), cuts and wounds (11%), relapse (8%), kidney dysfunction and disease (6%), and arthritis (6%). In conclusion, this study sheds light on the Butuanon community’s ongoing utilization of medicinal plants for their healthcare needs. This underscores the need to preserve their traditional alternative medicine and conserve Philippine medicinal plants.

Implementation of Celebrating Diversity in the Global Diversity Theme Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) in Class VB SD Baiturrohman GMI

Character education is now a focal point in Indonesia's education system, aligning with national development goals to cultivate students who embody faith, piety, noble character, health, knowledge, competence, creativity, independence, and responsibility. To counter the erosion of moral values in adolescents influenced by modernization and globalization, effective character education implementation is crucial. Since the 2013 curriculum is deemed ineffective, the project-based independent curriculum aims to fortify students' characters. SD Baiturrohman GMI Jember is among the schools that have adopted this approach. This qualitative research illustrates the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5), emphasizing tolerance in Class V-B SD Baiturrohman GMI. P5, themed "Global Diversity," unfolds in four stages: Variety of Greetings, Celebrations, Virtual Tours, and Collaboration in the Virtual World. Students engage in enjoyable activities like treasure hunting, crafting board games, virtual tourism exploration, and collaborative online ventures. Notably, these activities enhance understanding and practice of tolerance, showcasing the effectiveness of project-based learning facilitated by teachers. However, further efforts are required to ensure all students achieve the P5 goals.

Menachem Kaiser. Plunder: A Memoir of Family Property and Nazi Treasure

Menachem Kaiser. <i>Plunder: A Memoir of Family Property and Nazi Treasure</i>

Investigating gamification services of university libraries in China

Purpose This study aims to analyze the construction of gamification service in university libraries in China and to help university libraries improve service and user experience. Design/methodology/approach This study took 147 university libraries in China as research object, analyzed the gamification services announced by these libraries on official websites, Weibo, WeChat and other platforms during the period from July 1, 2021 to August 20, 2022, and investigated the gamification services from the four aspects of functions, forms, game elements and mechanisms. Findings The results show that the gamification service of university library in China is often used in the popularization of scientific and cultural knowledge, information literacy education, reading promotion, library service promotion and library entrance education. Questions and answers, points contests, passing the game level and treasure hunting are common forms of games. At the same time, many gamification services combine game elements such as points, leaderboards and grades with the game mechanism to enhance readers’ participation. Originality/value This study investigates gamification services of university libraries in China and provides suggestions for optimizing gamification services, which can provide reference for libraries in China and other countries.

Shipwrecks of Feasibility in the Field of Investment Business

Indonesian Valuable Objects on the Load of Sinking Ships (BMKT) have a large potential. This makes the ships buried in Indonesian territorial seas a tremendous resource. Illegal treasure hunters have targeted Indonesia's BMKT because to its great potential, causing considerable losses. Realizing this, it is vital to pay attention to Valuable Items on the Load of Sinking Ships (BMKT) and develop rules to maximize their potential. This study aims to analyze the policies governing BMKT to support investors in participating in investing in the business sector of BMKT management and creating BMKT management that is optimal and feasible for all aspects of the values contained in the BMKT itself. The approach method used to achieve this research is an approach focused on regulations or policies (statute approach) and conceptual analysis. The result showed that there is still substantial overlap between regulations controlling BMKT, making BMKT administration feasible. In spite of this, the Economic Analysis of Law is used to explain the expansion of the legal dimension through its studies. In addition, the economic value and cultural legacy of BMKTs that cannot be appointed due to the difficulties of appointment or the impossibility of relocation may be used on-site via marine tourist activities, notably diving tourism. As such, investors who wish to participate in the business sector of BMKT management may use BMKT more properly and optimally, including local and international investors.

Treasure Hunting in Morocco and the Rise of the Echonomy

This paper exposes extant but obscured treasure-hunting activities in Morocco which consist of unlawful, risky, and unproductive digging operations. The paper focuses on a community of kanaza (treasure hunters) which shies away from the normal practices of money-making to capitalize on an “echo economy” (echonomy) that relies on orality and hearing (success stories/information about hidden treasure from past civilizations). It is a community of socially underprivileged individuals who often end up mistaking the economy for its echo, speaking less the language of economy, more the lingo of its shadow. Echonomists, far from designating a new economic model, push the existing definition of economy to the extreme landscapes of signification, denoting careful management not of available but of unavailable resources.