Travel Routes Research Articles

Coupling coordination spatial pattern between natural attractions and tourism potential with study travel implications: China case

Jiangxi has superior natural environmental conditions, but tourism development is insufficient. This study analysed the distribution characteristics of natural tourism resources in Jiangxi Province, evaluated the potential of ecotourism, spatialized the coupling and coordination relationship between tourism resources and tourism potential and proposed the direction of tourism development and study travel planning. Results: (1) Natural tourist attractions in Jiangxi are relatively dense in the north and northeast, while relatively sparse in the south. (2) Natural tourism potential is generally high in the surrounding and low in the middle and high in the south and low in the north, and are distributed in a strip like manner. (3) Jiangxi is basically in a coordinated state, with the overall coupling index is relatively high, while the spatial differences in coordination index are significant, indicating that natural tourism resources and natural tourism potential have a strong mutual influence but their distribution characteristics do not match. (4) Future optimized development zone of natural tourism will be in the north and northeast, and the expanded development zone will be in the northwest and southeast. Both thematic and comprehensive study travel routes can be launched in regions with relatively concentrated natural tourist attractions. This article provides a research perspective on the interaction between tourism resource endowment and development practices, and the results can provide reference for relevant fields, natural tourism development, and study travel practices.

Study on travel route recommendation method based on improved ant colony optimisation algorithms

Study on travel route recommendation method based on improved ant colony optimisation algorithms

Study on travel route recommendation method based on improved ant colony optimisation algorithms

Study on travel route recommendation method based on improved ant colony optimisation algorithms

TOURIST MOVEMENT PATTERNS IN THE MAMMINASATA REGION

The purpose of this paper was to identify the pattern of tourist movement and spatial distribution of tourist routes in the Mamminasata Region and its pull factors. In this context, pull factors influence the formation of travel routes to the Mamminasata Region. A total of 100 respondents as domestic tourists were willing to participate in filling out questionnaires found at tourist attractions and at hotels as the starting point for travel. Movement patterns carried out by tourists in the Mamminasata Region resulted in four movement routes including; First, the Fort Rotterdam-Maros Fort Area which forms a Single Point pattern with a Travel Duration of 1 day. The starting point was at the hotel around Fort Rotterdam, Makassar City then moves to Maros destination. Second, Losari Beach Tourism Area-Maros-Gowa-Takalar. which forms a Base Site pattern with a travel duration of 3 days and 2 nights. The movement pattern on this route resembles a ray spread with one centre point, Makassar City. Integrated area-based governance was needed in the Maminasata area through the establishment of the Mamminasata Tourism System. Thus, tourism policy can unravel the problem of regional equity as the vision of Mammiansata development which creates a national growth centre.

METODE CHEAPEST INSERTION HEURISTIC PADA SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS TEMPAT WISATA DI KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG BERBASIS ANDROID

Geographic Information System (GIS) is a system created using information derived from processing a number of data, namely geographic data or data located on the earth's surface. Geographic Information Systems can be used in various fields, one of which is as a travel planning and tourist location. The lack of information conveyed on tourism in Deli Serdang Regency is one of the obstacles for people who want to travel. In this thesis, a Geographic Information System application for tourism in Deli Serdang Regency is developed which has detailed tourist information and the selection of the shortest travel route and alternative tours. To determine the shortest route and alternative travel, use the Cheapest Insertion Heuristic Algorithm. Then it is hoped that the community can be helped in planning tourist trips in Deli Serdang Regency. This application utilizes the google maps API as a virtual map provider which will later display tourist location points in Deli Serdang Regency. In addition, this application is also equipped with tourist list information along with tourist details that can be accessed by the public as a reference for traveling.

古代 滿洲의 ⽔路交通과 松花江

This paper focuses on the water transportation of the Songhua River(松花江), which flows across the Manchuria region, and analyzes how ancient Manchurian states such as Buyeo, Goguryeo, Wuji (勿吉), and Balhae(渤海) used the waterway of the Songhua River.
 First, the water transport traffic of the Songhua River during that period was examined, focusing on Buyeo, which was founded and developed in the middle basin of the Songhua River flowing to the north. Baijinbao(⽩⾦寶)·Hanshu(漢書) ruins located in the Nunkjang(嫩江) basin. The wanghaitun (望海屯) ruins and the suoligou(索離溝)-Qinghua(慶華) ruins in the east-flowing Songhua River basin. Laoshu(楡樹) Laoheshen(⽼河深) ruins in the north-flowing Songhua River basin. The relationship between ruins related to the Buyeo culture and the river that flowed around them was analyzed. This suggested the possibility that these ruins and the Buyeo culture were formed and connected through the Songhua River-Nunkjang waterway.
 And, as an example of water transportation in the ancient Manchurian region, the travel route of the Eulyeokji(⼄⼒⽀) reported in Wei Shu(魏書) Wuji Biography was reviewed. We paid attention to the fact that the Songhua River-Nunkjang-Taoer River(洮兒河) waterway was used in the travel of Eulyeokji according to the records, and confirmed that large-scale transportation of goods was possible through this waterway.
 Songhua River water transportation was the core of the transportation network that connected the ancient Buyeo dominions. This was a transportation route that connected Goguryeo with the nomadic and hunting countries of the north, and was also a window through which Wuji advanced into the international community. And Balhae was the first country to organically connect and integrate northern water transport centered on the Songhua River. The ancient Songhua River-Nunkjang-Heilongjiang(⿊⿓江) waterway was a transportation route connecting each region of Manchuria and a blood vessel for material distribution.

Personalized route recommendation for passengers in urban rail transit based on collaborative filtering algorithm

AbstractThe rapid advancements in information technology and intelligent systems within urban rail transit (URT) systems have highlighted the need for more personalized route recommendations that consider passengers’ travel habits. This study aims to address this issue by investigating passenger travel routes alongside other passengers who share similar travel preferences, utilizing collaborative filtering (CF) techniques. The approach involves analyzing historical card data to assess passenger travel profiles, including actual travel time under crowded conditions. By considering both individual passenger preferences and the preferences of similar passengers, a CF algorithm is employed to offer personalized route recommendations. The Shenzhen metro is used as a case study to illustrate the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach surpasses traditional route recommendation methods by providing tailored suggestions that align more closely with passengers’ travel preferences. These findings emphasize the value of incorporating passenger travel preferences into route recommendation models, thereby enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of personalized route recommendations within URT systems.

Unique Nature of Cilember Curug Megamendung as a Main Destination

This research discusses the uniqueness of the tourist destination at Curug Cilember as a mainstay destination. Cilember Waterfall is located in Megamendung, Cilember Village, Cisarua District, Bogor Regency. Officially operating since 2000, Curug Cilember Megamendung has an attraction in the form of seven beautiful and natural waterfalls, with the height of the waterfall, the width of the water flow, the beauty of the surrounding scenery, various recreational activities that can be done with the family, ease of transportation and travel routes. to be accessed by private vehicles and public transportation, so it can be indicated as a mainstay destination. The research methods used include direct observation, interviews with local people, and document analysis. A qualitative descriptive approach was used to fully understand the natural beauty of Curug Cilember. The aim of this research is to identify the uniqueness and other potential of Curug Cilember Megamendung including biodiversity, surrounding environment and attractiveness. The research results show that all the beauty of Curug Cilember is able to make it a mainstay destination and can be perfected again with a tour package and overcoming challenges that may occur in managing travel patterns to maximize opportunities for tourist comfort, making Curug Cilember a mainstay destination that must be visited.

The Design of a Location Monitoring System for a Fleet of Electric Scooters

The development of geolocation systems( geostationary satellite networks), as well as devices capable of receiving signals and processing the data coming from them, makes possible the implementation of location monitoring systems for various purposes. Whether it's about security or optimizing travel times or routes, these systems are based on information in the form of global coordinates (latitude and longitude) from satellite systems or cell towers. The design of such a system is presented in this paper, being a good guide in the design and implementation of such a system, regardless of the application. Both, the hardware part (the designed equipment) and the software part (the backend component running on a virtual private server, as well as a mobile application) are presented in this paper. In the development of the system, was used only location provided by information from satellites, without using GSM cell signals. The entire system has been successfully tested in different GSM signal conditions as well as various locations to see the influence of environmental parameters on performance. The system described in the paper can be the starting point for the development of other systems for a variety of applications that require the management of the location of some devices.

Skaitmeninių metodų taikymas praeities kelionių tyrimuose

The massive digitisation of written historical sources, optical character recognition (OCR) of texts, and their online availability in recent decades have created new opportunities and challenges for historical research. The digital humanities research model presented in this paper is based on the information organisation paradigm and the application of digital technology-based methods in studying ancient travels. The model has been developed and tested using the materials of the project “Homo Viator: Travel Space and Travellers’ Experiences in Early Modern Lithuania”. The main problem of the research is related to the fact that one of the essential sources of information about ancient travel are egodocuments (letters, diaries, memoirs, etc.) that contain journeys described alongside other important life events of a particular person. However, travel descriptions form only a small part of a text of a given egodocument and are unevenly distributed among different egodocuments. Therefore, given the size of the text of the egodocuments and their collections and the number of egodocuments published in different languages, researching them as sources in only one aspect (travel) requires a significant amount of human and time resources. A similar problematic situation exists with other sources of knowledge on ancient travel: a massive number of documents published in digital form (including OCR), their texts are voluminous, and the text fragments related to travel, country descriptions, ancient travel routes, travel and mobility infrastructure, and travellers’ experiences are relatively small and scattered throughout the source text. The research model described in the paper is divided into two steps: (i) collection of the corpus of OCR source texts; (ii) collection of empirical data using a dictionary-based computer-aided [or assisted] qualitative text analysis method implemented with the MaxQDA software. The collection of the source text corpus is carried out by applying the general principles and methods of online search of scientific publications. The corpus comprises authentic, published sources relevant to the study (letters, diaries, memoirs, etc.) and scholarly publications about them, thus forming two blocks of text - sources and literature. The literature block is used as additional material for a more precise selection and interpretation of the source texts. A key element for applying a dictionary-based computer-aided [or assisted] qualitative text analysis method is a high-quality dictionary that accurately describes the concepts (categories) relevant to the research. Considering the specificity of the sources (the languages used in the sources and their translations), a multilingual dictionary (Lithuanian-Polish-English-Russian-German) was compiled. The structure of the dictionary consists of six concepts (categories) related to ancient travel: (i) journey (general description), (ii) road and its infrastructure (bridges, fords, etc.), (iii) means of transportation, (iv) resting and accommodation places (towns, villages, taverns, post offices, etc.), (v) people encountered on the way (inn-keepers, highwaymen, guides, etc.), and (vi) food of the journey. A set of keywords and phrases describes each concept. In the last stage of the study, the research model was tested. The testing showed that the model could solve the above problems that arose during the project.

Itinerarium wojewody kijowskiego Tomasza Zamoyskiego z Kijowa do Zamościa (4–21 listopada 1619 r.) – przyczynek do analizy mobilności magnackiej w epoce nowożytnej

In the Zamoyski Archives, kept in the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw, there is a description of a journey from Kiev to Zamość made by Tomasz Zamoyski, the voivode of Kiev (born in 1594 – died in 1638). This document, written by the magnate, is a day-to-day itinerary from 4 to 21 November 1619. A short descriptive itinerary records of the towns or obstacles the travelers pass over (mainly rivers). Valuable – from a scientific perspective – is also the specification of the daily distance covered and measured in miles. In some cases, the report also contains mentions of the owners of the estates visited by the voivode and his retinue. Recalled handwritten data makes it possible to conduct a more in-depth investigation’ into the domestic mobility of Polish-Lithuanian political elites of the modern era. This article focuses on three main issues. Firstly, reconstructing the course of the analyzed travel route and comparing it with the main roads of the time in Kiev and Volhynia. Secondly, calculating how much, according to the itinerary, was one mile. Thirdly, determining the daily pace of travel of Tomasz Zamoyski's retinue. The last two issues will be compared with the previous research results of other researchers of the modern era.

Dynamic Scoring and Costing in the Orienteering Problem: A Model Based on Length of Stay

In today's travel and tourism landscape, the role of travel agents has become increasingly complex as they are challenged to explore a variety of potential destinations. More specifically, the complicated task of planning itineraries that truly satisfy travellers puts travel agents in a crucial role, increasing the complexity of itinerary planning. This complexity is compounded not only by the multitude of possible destinations, but also by non-negotiable constraints such as cost and time. To address these challenges, the orienteering problem represents a fundamental mathematical model that provides a theoretical basis for understanding the nuanced difficulties faced by travel agents.This study ventures into a novel iteration of the orienteering problem, with a particular focus on optimizing travel satisfaction based on length of stay. A notable aspect of this variant is the inclusion of time and cost constraints in the route determination process. Using an integer programming model, the satisfaction scores for each location are described by a diminishing returns function linked to length of stay, while the costs associated with each location follow a linear function influenced by the same parameter. The application of this model is in a hypothetical scenario with 32 nodes, with the calculations facilitated by the FilMINT solver. A sensitivity analysis examines time and cost constraints and shows their decisive influence on the optimization of travel routes. The results of this research contribute significantly to a strategic framework and provide travel agencies with the opportunity to create itineraries that not only meet practical limits but, more importantly, increase traveller satisfaction.

Construction of a Real-Time Ship Trajectory Prediction Model Based on Ship Automatic Identification System Data

The extraction of ship behavior patterns from Automatic Identification System (AIS) data and the subsequent prediction of travel routes play crucial roles in mitigating the risk of ship accidents. This study focuses on the Wuhan section of the dendritic river system in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the partial reticulated river system in the northern part of the Zhejiang Province as its primary investigation areas. Considering the structure and attributes of AIS data, we introduce a novel algorithm known as the Combination of DBSCAN and DTW (CDDTW) to identify regional navigation characteristics of ships. Subsequently, we develop a real-time ship trajectory prediction model (RSTPM) to facilitate real-time ship trajectory predictions. Experimental tests on two distinct types of river sections are conducted to assess the model’s reliability. The results indicate that the RSTPM exhibits superior prediction accuracy when compared to conventional trajectory prediction models, achieving an approximate 20 m prediction accuracy for ship trajectories on inland waterways. This showcases the advancements made by this model.

Optimal configuration of dynamic wireless charging facilities considering electric vehicle battery capacity

Dynamic wireless charging facilities deployed on the road network offer an effective charging method to alleviate the electric vehicle users’ range anxiety and thus facilitate the promotion of electric vehicles. The main benefit of wireless charging is that it extends EV’s driving range by enabling EV en-route recharging, which consequently reduces the required battery size for EVs. Basically, given densely distributed wireless charging lanes on the road network, smaller and less expensive batteries would be able to meet the travel demand. From the societal point of view, the reduction of battery size/capacity is capable of justifying more construction of wireless charging lanes. While previous research works on optimal deployment of wireless charging facilities ignored this benefit, this study aims to explicitly consider the tradeoff between the costs of building recharging infrastructure and manufacturing batteries from the societal point of view in the optimal configuration of dynamic wireless charging facilities. The problem is formulated into a bi-level programming model, wherein the upper-level model seeks to minimize the total social cost, and the lower-level model captures EV drivers’ choices in terms of battery size, travel route, and driving and charging behavior. To handle the problem, we first relax the path cost constraint and apply the linearization techniques to reformulate the problem into a mixed-integer linear programming, from which a lower bound of the problem can be obtained. An efficient surrogate optimization algorithm is then developed to solve the problem.

The Genetic Algorithm for Creating Travel Routes in Religious Tourism Destinations in Bogor Regency, West Java Province

Religious tourism is an activity that is commonly carried out in Indonesia. One of the activities of religious tourism is the community’s habit of visiting sacred graves. Bogor, a city with a long history of 540 years, has many of these sites that attract tourists. This religious tourism activity brings economic, social, and environmental potential and consequences. The distance between the Sacred Tombs scattered at various points requires efficient and effective destination route planning. The application of the optimization method with the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Genetic Algorithm can be a solution for designing an effective travel route. It can be beneficial for improving the economy, in this case, increasing the sales turnover of Bogor small and medium enterprise businesses. The conclusion drawn from the research is that applying a genetic algorithm will create a more efficient route set and will have an impact on saving fuel costs, reducing emissions and providing benefits to the development of the economic sector.

고려 사절의 契丹 使行 여정 검토

This study examines the Itinerary of Goryeo Embassy to Khitan, focusing on the destination and travel route. As Khitan maintained a nomadic lifestyle, emperor traveled seasonally conducing Nabo. Due to this government system, Goryeo envoys to Khitan did not always visit to one set destination. It is found that Goryeo envoys visited various places such as Five Capitals (五京), Guangping Lake (廣平淀), Qingzhou (慶州), and Mt. Yongan (永安山), etc. in their diplomatic trips to Khitan.
 First, Goryeo envoys with various purposes visited the Central Capital often in winter as Emperor Shenzong held winter nabo there during his reign. On the other hand, Goryeo envoys went to the Southern Capital in various seasons. From the Eastern Capital, there was a travel route to the Central Capital passing through the Liaoxi area. From the Eastern Capital to the Southern Capital, there was one route along the Bohai bay and another path going through the Central Capital. Of the two, the coastal route was the faster than the inland route.
 Second, Goryeo envoys visited places in the Supreme Circuit more frequently. As winter nabo was mainly conducted in Guangping Lake near Yongzhou (永州), diverse regular and special envoys headed there. When there was a state funeral of emperor or empress dowager, Goryeo envoys went to Qingzhou to express condolence. In addition, the destination of Goryeo envoys arrival was related to the specific time as the emperor moved every season for nabo. While regular envoys for celebrating New Year and Brithday of an emperor or empress dowager were sent at the end of year, special envoys were dispatched to various destinations as the occasion demands.
 Regarding the travel route, it is assumed that there is one route passing through the Central Capital and another one to the north and along the rivers. However, these presumed routes have limitation as they detoured to the Supreme Circuit. Because there were frequent exchange of envoys between the two, it is presumed that there was a direct route from the Eastern Capital. For the travel of diplomatic trips, it generally took about two to three months. These diplomatic trips to the various destinations was meaningful in that they helped the Goryeo people to increase understanding of the Khitan state and people, which provided the foundation of stable relations between the two states.

A Traffic Equilibrium Model for Multi-Modal Networks with Uncertain Demands

In this study, an effective travel cost (ETC) traffic equilibrium model is proposed for multi-modal networks with uncertain demands. The multi-modal networks are transformed into supernetworks and travel demands are assumed to be closed intervals. Passenger flows and travel costs are also formulated as closed intervals to capture the effects of uncertain demands. The ETC concept is introduced and regarded as a choice criterion to develop an equilibrium model which captures travellers’ travel mode and route choice behavior under interval travel costs. The model is formulated as a variational inequality problem, and the method of successive average algorithm is adapted to interval mathematics to obtain the results in the form of interval variables. Illustrative examples are also presented to demonstrate the model’s characteristics and its differences from the traditional equilibrium model, in which the expected travel cost is regarded as the choice criterion.

고전시가 대중화 현재화의 양상과 방향 탐색

Classical poetry has become a highly challenging literary genre today, but originally, it was an art form that combined music and literature and received love from various classes of the society. Valuable efforts to popularize and update classical poetry include the following: recordings and videos of Sijochang & Gagokchang as daily Gugak by the National Gugak Center; King records’ Gagok and Gasa wonryu; Hyangga and Goryeogayo for children from Gugak FM Inc.; Synnara record’s Gyeonggi 12 Japga; various albums like Seoul Performing Arts Comapany’s “Sanwhaga”, Jeongeup Municipal Gugak Troupe’s “Sangchungok” and “Jeongeup Love Song”, and Songolmae’s “Cheoyong’s Sorrow”; music videos including Moon Sook-hee’s “Cheongsanbyeolgok”, theatrical performances like Lee Yun-taek’s “Dosolga”, and various dance and music performances in cities like Gyeongju, Buyeo, Samcheok, Ulsan, and Pohang. These are all significant contributions to the promotion and modernization of classical poetry. Unfortunately, since there was no systematic evaluation and support for the works, they were not very memorable to the public. However the film “My Love, Don’t Cross That River” (5 million viewers), the movie “Ssanghwajeom” (3.78 million viewers), and the SBS historical drama “Seodongyo” (from 2005 to 2006, viewer rating 21.4%), which used video effects effectively, were popular successes.
 The main points emphasized in this paper as part of the effort to popularize and modernize classical poetry are as follows: proactive development of related cultural heritage travel routes, the development of content that combines history and literature, the restoration and reenactment of original performances, enhancing historic, on-site, and dynamic experiences in secondary school curricula, exhibition promotion using characters and calligraphy, building archives through the establishment of classical poetry museums, and the continuous discovery and adaptation of original storytelling in classical poetry. First and foremost, scholars should establish definitive source texts in modern- language for classical poetry (especially Goryeogayo and Hyangga) included in secondary school curricula and the works targeted for popularization. Subsequently, education and explanations should not merely dwell on simple interpretations of the works but should vividly evoke history and expand literary imagination. The goal should be to convey the works in an easy and engaging manner, enabling them to resonate with the joys and sorrows of today and stand the test of time. For example, 〈Woojeokga〉, which contains the narrative of monk Youngjae’s awakening of 60 thieves, says, “The poem I wrote, let alone the group of 60 thieves/Not even a single heart was touched/So I will have to sell my computer and hide deep in the mountains” (Lee Seung-ha, 〈Woojeokga〉), Likewise, “Cheongsanbyeolgok” is transformed into a modern interpretation as “Living, living for capital, living for capital / Eating heads and legs, living for capital / Yalri-yalri yalrang-syeong yal-lari yal-lara” (from Park Nam-chul’s poem “Living for capital”), offering good examples of how classical poetry can be adapted into contemporary meaning.

Factors that are perceived as supporting or hindering active school travel (AST): go-along interviews with primary school children and their parents

ABSTRACT Children’s school journeys can provide a daily source of physical activity, social interaction, and independence. Many studies focus on quantitative analyses of factors influencing active school travel (AST) from an adult-centric perspective. This study analyses children’s and adults’ perspectives on school travel behaviour and route perceptions using qualitative walking interviews. We conducted 14 go-along interviews with primary school children and their parents along different routes to school in Leipzig, Germany. We transcribed the interviews, analysed the factors perceived to support or hinder AST and mapped the route perceptions. The results of our study provide detailed insights into individual, family and route environment-related factors of AST. Perceived traffic safety along the routes was most relevant for all parents we interviewed. The other factors differed according to the mode of transport and accompaniment. Children who regularly walk to school report on numerous positively perceived places, e.g. associated with social interaction, play, and hiding activities. Our findings suggest that enabling children to gain positive experiences along their routes might be a chance to increase active and independent school travel.

Hybrid Integrated Computing Algorithm for Sustainable Tourism

To avoid destroying the natural environment, we can create tourist paths without disrupting ecological systems or rare places such as rainforests that contain endangered species. Likewise, in sustainable tourism, we should consider visiting national parks or national museums as a way to understand the core values and the meaning of that culture and environment more clearly. In this paper, we consider which points tourists need to avoid or visit for sustainable tourism. We designed an algorithm that can give a path to avoid certain points or to go to a preferred point. If this algorithm does not give any weight, it will give the shortest path from the start to the end, and it can decide which vertices to avoid or travel to. Moreover, it can be used to vary the weights of different positive or negative values to obtain a path to avoid a point or to reach a point. Compared to Dijkstra’s algorithm, we can add a negative weight to the graph and still find the shortest path. In application, it can be used for path schedule decisions. We did not wave the large resources to calculate the walk length. In the usage scenario, users only need to provide the starting node, end node, avoidance point, and facing point to calculate the best path. This algorithm will give a good path for users. At the same time, users can use this algorithm to implement sustainable travel route planning, such as going to museums, avoiding rare environments, etc. So, this algorithm provides a new way to decide the best path. Finally, the experimental results show that the classic algorithms cannot avoid points. In real tourism, tourists can use this algorithm for travel planning to achieve sustainable tourism.